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Dai X, Yu Y, Ye T, Deng J, Bu Y, Shi M, Wang R, Zhou J, Sun L, Chen X, Shen X. Dynamically Reconfigurable on-Chip Polarimeters Based on Nanoantenna Enabled Polarization Dependent Optoelectronic Computing. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:983-992. [PMID: 38206182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
On-chip polarization detectors have attracted extensive research interest due to their filterless and ultracompact architecture. However, their polarization-dependent photoresponses cannot be dynamically adjusted, hindering the development toward intelligence. Here, we propose dynamically reconfigurable polarimetry based on in-sensor differentiation of two self-powered photoresponses with orthogonal polarization dependences and tunable responsivities. Such a device can be electrostatically configured in an ultrahigh polarization extinction ratio (PER) mode, where the PER tends to infinity, a Stokes parameter direct sensing mode, where the photoresponse is proportional to S1 or S2 with high accuracy (RMSES1 = 1.5%, RMSES2 = 2.0%), or a background suppressing mode, where the target-background polarization contrast is singularly enhanced. Moreover, the device achieves a polarization angle sensitivity of 0.51 mA·W-1·degree-1 and a specific polarization angle detectivity of 2.8 × 105 cm·Hz1/2·W·degree-1. This scheme is demonstrated throughout the near-to-long-wavelength infrared range, and it will bring a leap for next-generation on-chip polarimeters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yonghao Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mengdie Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruowen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liaoxin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuechu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Science and Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yu Tian Road, Shanghai 200083, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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2
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Yang JW, Peng TY, Clarke DDA, Bello FD, Chen JW, Yeh HC, Syong WR, Liang CT, Hess O, Lu YJ. Nanoscale Gap-Plasmon-Enhanced Superconducting Photon Detectors at Single-Photon Level. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11387-11394. [PMID: 37906586 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
With a growing demand for detecting light at the single-photon level in various fields, researchers are focused on optimizing the performance of superconducting single-photon detectors (SSPDs) by using multiple approaches. However, input light coupling for visible light has remained a challenge in the development of efficient SSPDs. To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel system that integrates NbN superconducting microwire photon detectors (SMPDs) with gap-plasmon resonators to improve the photon detection efficiency to 98% while preserving all detector performance features, such as polarization insensitivity. The plasmonic SMPDs exhibit a hot-belt effect that generates a nonlinear photoresponse in the visible range operated at 9 K (∼0.64Tc), resulting in a 233-fold increase in phonon-electron interaction factor (γ) compared to pristine SMPDs at resonance under CW illumination. These findings open up new opportunities for ultrasensitive single-photon detection in areas like quantum information processing, quantum optics, imaging, and sensing at visible wavelengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Wei Yang
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Peng
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Daniel D A Clarke
- School of Physics and CRANN Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Frank Daniel Bello
- School of Physics and CRANN Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Jia-Wern Chen
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Chen Yeh
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ren Syong
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Te Liang
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ortwin Hess
- School of Physics and CRANN Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2 D02 PN40, Ireland
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Yu-Jung Lu
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Applied Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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3
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Lyu PT, Liu XR, Yin LX, Wu P, Sun C, Chen HY, Xu JJ, Kang B. Periodic Distributions and Ultrafast Dynamics of Hot Electrons in Plasmonic Resonators. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2269-2276. [PMID: 36897094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding and managing hot electrons in metals are of fundamental and practical interest in plasmonic studies and applications. A major challenge for the development of hot electron devices requires the efficient and controllable generation of long-lived hot electrons so that they can be harnessed effectively before relaxation. Here, we report the ultrafast spatiotemporal evolution of hot electrons in plasmonic resonators. Using femtosecond-resolution interferometric imaging, we show the unique periodic distributions of hot electrons due to standing plasmonic waves. In particular, this distribution can be flexibly tuned by the size, shape, and dimension of the resonator. We also demonstrate that the hot electron lifetimes are substantially prolonged at hot spots. This appealing effect is interpreted as a result of the locally concentrated energy density at the antinodes in standing hot electron waves. These results could be useful to control the distributions and lifetimes of hot electrons in plasmonic devices for targeted optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Tian Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Li-Xin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Pei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Chao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Bin Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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4
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Swaminathan S, Bera JK, Chandra M. Simultaneous Harvesting of Multiple Hot Holes via Visible-Light Excitation of Plasmonic Gold Nanospheres for Selective Oxidative Bond Scission of Olefins to Carbonyls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215933. [PMID: 36524790 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Using visible photoexcitation of gold nanospheres we successfully demonstrate the simultaneous harvesting of plasmon-induced multiple hot holes in the complete oxidative scission of the C=C bond in styrene at room temperature to selectively form benzaldehyde and formaldehyde, which is a reaction that requires activation of multiple substrates. Our results reveal that, while extraction of hot holes becomes efficient for interband excitation, harvesting of multiple hot holes from the excited Au nanospheres becomes prevalent only beyond a threshold light intensity. We show that the alkene oxidation proceeded via a sequence of two consecutive elementary steps; namely, a binding step and a cyclic oxometallate transition state as the rate-determining step. This demonstration of plasmon-excitation-mediated harvesting of multiple hot holes without the use of an extra hole transport media opens exciting possibilities, notably for difficult catalytic transformations involving multielectron oxidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swathi Swaminathan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jitendra K Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manabendra Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
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5
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Chen F, Yao J, Wang X, Wang S, Liu Z, Ding T. Fast modulation of surface plasmons based on the photothermal effect of nonvolatile solid thin films. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:476-482. [PMID: 36514986 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05527a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nonvolatile phase change materials owing to their robust stability and reversibility have shown significant potential in nanophotonic switches and memory devices. However, their performances deteriorate as the thickness decreases below 10 nm due to the local deformation induced by the phase change, which makes them less compatible with plasmonic nanogaps. Here, we address this issue by photothermally modulating the refractive index of germanium antimony telluride (GST) placed in plasmonic nanogaps, which tunes plasmon resonances in the visible region below the melting point of GST, making such optical switching highly reversible at a rate of up to hundreds of ∼kHz. They are also demonstrated to modulate the waveguiding efficiency of propagating surface plasmons, which is based on the photothermal modulation of plasmons with the assistance of GST. Such hybrid nanoplasmonic system with cost-effective fabrication and efficient operation method provides a promising route towards integrated nanophotonic chips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Jiacheng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Xujie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Ze Liu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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6
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Elvira I, Puerto A, Mínguez-Vega G, Rodríguez-Palomo A, Gómez-Tornero A, García-Cabañes A, Carrascosa M. Micro-patterns of gold nanoparticles assembled by photovoltaic optoelectronic tweezers: application to plasmonic fluorescence enhancement. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:41541-41553. [PMID: 36366629 DOI: 10.1364/oe.471928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal nanostructures are well-known for their ability to increase the efficiency of different optical or physical phenomena due to their plasmonic behavior. This work presents a simple strategy to obtain Au plasmonic patterns by optically induced nanoparticle assembly and its application as fluorescence enhancement platforms. This strategy is based on the so-called photovoltaic optoelectronic tweezers (PVOT) being the first time they are used for fabricating Au periodic micro-patterns. Fringe patterns with a sub-structure of aggregates, assembled from individual spherical nanoparticles of 3.5 or 170 nm diameters, are successfully obtained. The spatial distribution of the aggregates is controlled with micrometric accuracy and the patterns can be arranged over large-scale active areas (tens of mm2). The outcome for the ultra-small (3.5 nm) particles is particularly relevant because this diameter is the smallest one manipulated by PVOT so far. Testing experiments of plasmonic fluorescence enhancement show that the 170-nm patterns present a much better plasmonic behavior. For the 170-nm platform they reveal a 10-fold enhancement factor in the fluorescence of Rhodamine-B dye molecules and a 3-fold one for tagged DNA biomolecules. Hence, the results suggest that these latter plasmonic platforms are good candidates for efficient bio-imaging and biosensing techniques, among other applications.
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7
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Wang X, Zhang C, Chen F, Xiang J, Wang S, Liu Z, Ding T. Optically Triggered Nanoscale Plasmonic Dynamite. ACS NANO 2022; 16:13667-13673. [PMID: 35920563 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c02402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photons as energy carriers are clean and abundant, which can be conveniently applied for nanoactuation but the response is usually slow with very low energy efficiency/density. Here, we underpin the concept of robust nanoscale plasmonic dynamite by incorporating fullerene (C60). The Au@C60 core-shell nanoparticles can be triggered to explode in nanoscale with synergy of plasmon-enhanced photochemical and photothermal effects. It is suggested that a sensible amount of CO2 was generated and pressurized in nanometric volume in an extremely short time scale (∼ns), which triggers the nanoexplosion, rendering the ejection of Au NPs at the speed over 300 m/s. The ejection generates extremely large local forces (∼1 μN) with thermomechanical energy efficiency up to ∼30%, which is demonstrated as a powerful nanoengine for controlled mobilization of micro-objects on solid surfaces. Such nanoscale plasmonic dynamite is highly exploitable for different types of nanomachines, which provides a powerful energy source for nanoactuation and nanomigration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Fangqi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Junxiang Xiang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ze Liu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources & Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Tao Ding
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro/Nano Structure of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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8
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Yakimov AI, Kirienko VV, Utkin DE, Dvurechenskii AV. Light-Trapping-Enhanced Photodetection in Ge/Si Quantum Dot Photodiodes Containing Microhole Arrays with Different Hole Depths. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:2993. [PMID: 36080030 PMCID: PMC9457855 DOI: 10.3390/nano12172993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photodetection based on assemblies of quantum dots (QDs) is able to tie the advantages of both the conventional photodetector and unique electronic properties of zero-dimensional structures in an unprecedented way. However, the biggest drawback of QDs is the small absorbance of infrared radiation due to the low density of the states coupled to the dots. In this paper, we report on the Ge/Si QD pin photodiodes integrated with photon-trapping hole array structures of various thicknesses. The aim of this study was to search for the hole array thickness that provided the maximum optical response of the light-trapping Ge/Si QD detectors. With this purpose, the embedded hole arrays were etched to different depths ranging from 100 to 550 nm. By micropatterning Ge/Si QD photodiodes, we were able to redirect normal incident light laterally along the plane of the dots, therefore facilitating the optical conversion of the near-infrared photodetectors due to elongation of the effective absorption length. Compared with the conventional flat photodetector, the responsivity of all microstructured devices had a polarization-independent improvement in the 1.0-1.8-μm wavelength range. The maximum photocurrent enhancement factor (≈50× at 1.7 μm) was achieved when the thickness of the photon-trapping structure reached the depth of the buried QD layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew I. Yakimov
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Victor V. Kirienko
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dmitrii E. Utkin
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Physical Department, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anatoly V. Dvurechenskii
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Physical Department, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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9
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Wang Z, Gong H, Zhuang P, Fu N, Zhu L, Chen Z, Lu Y. Transient 2D Junction Temperature Distribution Measurement by Short Pulse Driving and Gated Integration with Ordinary CCD Camera. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:5899. [PMID: 35957454 PMCID: PMC9371399 DOI: 10.3390/s22155899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The time resolution of the transient process is usually limited by the minimum exposure time of the high-speed camera. In this work, we proposed a method that can achieve nanosecond temporal resolution with an ordinary CCD camera by driving the LED under test with a periodic short-pulse signal and multiple-cycle superposition to obtain two-dimensional transient junction temperature distribution of the heating process. The temporal resolution is determined by the pulse width of the drive source. In the cooling process, the Boxcar gated integration principle is adopted to complete the two-dimensional transient junction temperature distribution with temporal resolution subject to the minimum exposure time of the CCD camera, i.e., 1 μs in this case. To demonstrate the validity of this method, we measured the two-dimensional transient junction temperature distribution of the blue LEDs according to the principle of thermoreflectance and compared it with the thermal imaging method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyun Wang
- Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Honglin Gong
- Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Peng Zhuang
- Xiamen Products Quality Supervision & Inspection Institute, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Nuoyi Fu
- Xiamen Products Quality Supervision & Inspection Institute, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Lihong Zhu
- Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zhong Chen
- Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yijun Lu
- Department of Electronic Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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10
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Yang B, Li C, Wang Z, Dai Q. Thermoplasmonics in Solar Energy Conversion: Materials, Nanostructured Designs, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107351. [PMID: 35271744 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The indispensable requirement for sustainable development of human society has forced almost all countries to seek highly efficient and cost-effective ways to harvest and convert solar energy. Though continuous progress has advanced, it remains a daunting challenge to achieve full-spectrum solar absorption and maximize the conversion efficiency of sunlight. Recently, thermoplasmonics has emerged as a promising solution, which involves several beneficial effects including enhanced light absorption and scattering, generation and relaxation of hot carriers, as well as localized/collective heating, offering tremendous opportunities for optimized energy conversion. Besides, all these functionalities can be tailored via elaborated designs of materials and nanostructures. Here, first the fundamental physics governing thermoplasmonics is presented and then the strategies for both material selection and nanostructured designs toward more efficient energy conversion are summarized. Based on this, recent progress in thermoplasmonic applications including solar evaporation, photothermal chemistry, and thermophotovoltaic is reviewed. Finally, the corresponding challenges and prospects are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Zhifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Solar Thermal Energy and Photovoltaic System, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Qing Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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11
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Fang S, Hu YH. Thermo-photo catalysis: a whole greater than the sum of its parts. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3609-3647. [PMID: 35419581 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00782c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thermo-photo catalysis, which is the catalysis with the participation of both thermal and photo energies, not only reduces the large energy consumption of thermal catalysis but also addresses the low efficiency of photocatalysis. As a whole greater than the sum of its parts, thermo-photo catalysis has been proven as an effective and promising technology to drive chemical reactions. In this review, we first clarify the definition (beyond photo-thermal catalysis and plasmonic catalysis), classification, and principles of thermo-photo catalysis and then reveal its superiority over individual thermal catalysis and photocatalysis. After elucidating the design principles and strategies toward highly efficient thermo-photo catalytic systems, an ample discussion on the synergetic effects of thermal and photo energies is provided from two perspectives, namely, the promotion of photocatalysis by thermal energy and the promotion of thermal catalysis by photo energy. Subsequently, state-of-the-art techniques applied to explore thermo-photo catalytic mechanisms are reviewed, followed by a summary on the broad applications of thermo-photo catalysis and its energy management toward industrialization. In the end, current challenges and potential research directions related to thermo-photo catalysis are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Fang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931-1295, USA.
| | - Yun Hang Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931-1295, USA.
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12
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Experimental characterization techniques for plasmon-assisted chemistry. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:259-274. [PMID: 37117871 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Plasmon-assisted chemistry is the result of a complex interplay between electromagnetic near fields, heat and charge transfer on the nanoscale. The disentanglement of their roles is non-trivial. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of the chemical, structural and spectral properties of the plasmonic/molecular system being used is required. Specific techniques are needed to fully characterize optical near fields, temperature and hot carriers with spatial, energetic and/or temporal resolution. The timescales for all relevant physical and chemical processes can range from a few femtoseconds to milliseconds, which necessitates the use of time-resolved techniques for monitoring the underlying dynamics. In this Review, we focus on experimental techniques to tackle these challenges. We further outline the difficulties when going from the ensemble level to single-particle measurements. Finally, a thorough understanding of plasmon-assisted chemistry also requires a substantial joint experimental and theoretical effort.
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13
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Utterback JK, Sood A, Coropceanu I, Guzelturk B, Talapin DV, Lindenberg AM, Ginsberg NS. Nanoscale Disorder Generates Subdiffusive Heat Transport in Self-Assembled Nanocrystal Films. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:3540-3547. [PMID: 33872014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Investigating the impact of nanoscale heterogeneity on heat transport requires a spatiotemporal probe of temperature on the length and time scales intrinsic to heat navigating nanoscale defects. Here, we use stroboscopic optical scattering microscopy to visualize nanoscale heat transport in disordered films of gold nanocrystals. We find that heat transport appears subdiffusive at the nanoscale. Finite element simulations show that tortuosity of the heat flow underlies the subdiffusive transport, owing to a distribution of nonconductive voids. Thus, while heat travels diffusively through contiguous regions of the film, the tortuosity causes heat to navigate circuitous pathways that make the observed mean-squared expansion of an initially localized temperature distribution appear subdiffusive on length scales comparable to the voids. Our approach should be broadly applicable to uncover the impact of both designed and unintended heterogeneities in a wide range of materials and devices that can affect more commonly used spatially averaged thermal transport measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- James K Utterback
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Aditya Sood
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Igor Coropceanu
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Burak Guzelturk
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Dmitri V Talapin
- Department of Chemistry and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Aaron M Lindenberg
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- The PULSE Institute for Ultrafast Energy Science, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Naomi S Ginsberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- STROBE, National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Science Division and Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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14
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Mateo D, Cerrillo JL, Durini S, Gascon J. Fundamentals and applications of photo-thermal catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:2173-2210. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00357c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Photo-thermal catalysis has recently emerged as an alternative route to drive chemical reactions using light as an energy source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Mateo
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
- Advanced Catalytic Materials
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Jose Luis Cerrillo
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
- Advanced Catalytic Materials
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Durini
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
- Advanced Catalytic Materials
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Saudi Arabia
| | - Jorge Gascon
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
- Advanced Catalytic Materials
- Thuwal 23955-6900
- Saudi Arabia
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15
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Wang D, Allcca AEL, Chung TF, Kildishev AV, Chen YP, Boltasseva A, Shalaev VM. Enhancing the graphene photocurrent using surface plasmons and a p-n junction. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:126. [PMID: 32704359 PMCID: PMC7371713 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-00344-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The recently proposed concept of graphene photodetectors offers remarkable properties such as unprecedented compactness, ultrabroadband detection, and an ultrafast response speed. However, owing to the low optical absorption of pristine monolayer graphene, the intrinsically low responsivity of graphene photodetectors significantly hinders the development of practical devices. To address this issue, numerous efforts have thus far been made to enhance the light-graphene interaction using plasmonic structures. These approaches, however, can be significantly advanced by leveraging the other critical aspect of graphene photoresponsivity enhancement-electrical junction control. It has been reported that the dominant photocarrier generation mechanism in graphene is the photothermoelectric (PTE) effect. Thus, the two energy conversion mechanisms involved in the graphene photodetection process are light-to-heat and heat-to-electricity conversions. In this work, we propose a meticulously designed device architecture to simultaneously enhance the two conversion efficiencies. Specifically, a gap plasmon structure is used to absorb a major portion of the incident light to induce localized heating, and a pair of split gates is used to produce a p-n junction in graphene to augment the PTE current generation. The gap plasmon structure and the split gates are designed to share common key components so that the proposed device architecture concurrently realizes both optical and electrical enhancements. We experimentally demonstrate the dominance of the PTE effect in graphene photocurrent generation and observe a 25-fold increase in the generated photocurrent compared to the un-enhanced cases. While further photocurrent enhancement can be achieved by applying a DC bias, the proposed device concept shows vast potential for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
| | - Andres E. Llacsahuanga Allcca
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
| | - Ting-Fung Chung
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
| | - Alexander V. Kildishev
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute (PQSEI), Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
| | - Yong P. Chen
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute (PQSEI), Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
| | - Alexandra Boltasseva
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute (PQSEI), Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
| | - Vladimir M. Shalaev
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute (PQSEI), Purdue University, West Lafayette IN, 47907 USA
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16
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Guo W, Johnston-Peck AC, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Huang J, Wei WD. Cooperation of Hot Holes and Surface Adsorbates in Plasmon-Driven Anisotropic Growth of Gold Nanostars. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10921-10925. [PMID: 32484345 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Light-driven synthesis of plasmonic metal nanostructures has garnered broad scientific interests. Although it has been widely accepted that surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-generated energetic electrons play an essential role in this photochemical process, the exact function of plasmon-generated hot holes in regulating the morphology of nanostructures has not been fully explored. Herein, we discover that those hot holes work with surface adsorbates collectively to control the anisotropic growth of gold (Au) nanostructures. Specifically, it is found that hot holes stabilized by surface adsorbed iodide enable the site-selective oxidative etching of Au0, which leads to nonuniform growths along different lateral directions to form six-pointed Au nanostars. Our studies establish a molecular-level understanding of the mechanism behind the plasmon-driven synthesis of Au nanostars and illustrate the importance of cooperation between charge carriers and surface adsorbates in regulating the morphology evolution of plasmonic nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Aaron C Johnston-Peck
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Yuchao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Jiawei Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Wei David Wei
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Catalysis, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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17
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Golze SD, Hughes RA, Rouvimov S, Neal RD, Demille TB, Neretina S. Plasmon-Mediated Synthesis of Periodic Arrays of Gold Nanoplates Using Substrate-Immobilized Seeds Lined with Planar Defects. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:5653-5660. [PMID: 31365267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The seed-mediated growth of noble metal nanostructures with planar geometries requires the use of seeds lined with parallel stacking faults so as to provide a break in symmetry in an otherwise isotropic metal. Although such seeds are now routinely synthesized using colloidal pathways, equivalent pathways have not yet been reported for the fabrication of substrate-based seeds with the same internal defect structures. The challenge is not merely to form seeds with planar defects but to do so in a deterministic manner so as to have stacking faults that only run parallel to the substrate surface while still allowing for the lithographic processes needed to regulate the placement of seeds. Here, we demonstrate substrate-imposed epitaxy as a viable synthetic control able to induce planar defects in Au seeds while simultaneously dictating nanostructure in-plane alignment and crystallographic orientation. The seeds, which are formed in periodic arrays using nanoimprint lithography in combination with a vapor-phase assembly process, are subjected to a liquid-phase plasmon-mediated synthesis that uses light as an external stimuli to drive a reaction yielding periodic arrays of hexagonal Au nanoplates. These achievements not only represent the first of their kind demonstrations but also advance the possibility of integrating wafer-based technologies with a rich and exciting nanoplate colloidal chemistry.
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