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Koizumi Y, Yonesato K, Kikkawa S, Yamazoe S, Yamaguchi K, Suzuki K. Small Copper Nanoclusters Synthesized through Solid-State Reduction inside a Ring-Shaped Polyoxometalate Nanoreactor. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14610-14619. [PMID: 38682247 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Cu nanoclusters exhibit distinctive physicochemical properties and hold significant potential for multifaceted applications. Although Cu nanoclusters are synthesized by reacting Cu ions and reducing agents by covering their surfaces using organic protecting ligands or supporting them inside porous materials, the synthesis of surface-exposed Cu nanoclusters with a controlled number of Cu atoms remains challenging. This study presents a solid-state reduction method for the synthesis of Cu nanoclusters employing a ring-shaped polyoxometalate (POM) as a structurally defined and rigid molecular nanoreactor. Through the reduction of Cu2+ incorporated within the cavity of a ring-shaped POM using H2 at 140 °C, spectroscopic studies and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the formation of surface-exposed Cu nanoclusters with a defined number of Cu atoms within the cavities of POMs. Furthermore, the Cu nanoclusters underwent a reversible redox transformation within the cavity upon alternating the gas atmosphere (i.e., H2 or O2). These Cu nanoclusters produced active hydrogen species that can efficiently hydrogenate various functional groups such as alkenes, alkynes, carbonyls, and nitro groups using H2 as a reductant. We expect that this synthesis approach will facilitate the development of a wide variety of metal nanoclusters with high reactivity and unexplored properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Koizumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yonesato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Soichi Kikkawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamazoe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kosuke Suzuki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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2
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Yuan W, Wang W, Cen P, Zhou H, Liu X, Liu B. Engineering of Stable Anionic/Neutral MOFs with Zinc-Adeninate Building Units for Efficient C 2H 2/CO 2 Separation. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:15110-15117. [PMID: 37658040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Using adenine and metal ions to form secondary building units (SBUs), further connected by a highly symmetrical multicarboxylic linker to construct an amino-modified porous framework with high porosity, is an effective strategy. By regulating the deprotonation and hydrolysis capacity of the synthesized solvent, it is possible to obtain different charged frameworks. In this work, two stable anionic/neutral MOFs, (Et2NH2)[Zn3(TCPE)(adenine)2CH3COO]·DEF·3H2O (1) and [Zn3.5(adenine)(TCPE)1.5(DMA)(H2O)0.5]·2DMA·2H2O (2), have been synthesized based on zinc-adeninate building units and symmetric tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)ethylene (H4TCPE) in N,N-diethylformamide (DEF) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) reaction systems, respectively. 1 is an anionic framework based on 1D rod zinc-adeninate SBU, containing 1D rectangular (14.3 × 6.3 Å2) and square (14.3 × 14.3 Å2) channels. While 2 is a neutral framework built from isolated zinc-adeninate SBU, it contains hexagonal cages with a dimension of 5.5 Å in the structure. Both of them have high porosity (61.6% for 1 and 46.3% for 2) and high stability in a wide range of pH. 1 and 2 show high C2H2 adsorption capacity at 298 K (48.1 and 70.1 cm3 g-1, respectively) and selective capacity for C2H2/CO2 mixtures, which was confirmed by the breakthrough experiments. Furthermore, the interaction between the frameworks and gas molecules has also been explained by theoretical calculation. This work provides a good example of the design and regulation of porous structures for adsorption and separation functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Yuan
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Weize Wang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Peipei Cen
- College of Public Health, College of Basic Medical Science, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Huifang Zhou
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Bo Liu
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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3
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McCullough K, King DS, Chheda SP, Ferrandon MS, Goetjen TA, Syed ZH, Graham TR, Washton NM, Farha OK, Gagliardi L, Delferro M. High-Throughput Experimentation, Theoretical Modeling, and Human Intuition: Lessons Learned in Metal-Organic-Framework-Supported Catalyst Design. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:266-276. [PMID: 36844483 PMCID: PMC9951283 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We have screened an array of 23 metals deposited onto the metal-organic framework (MOF) NU-1000 for propyne dimerization to hexadienes. By a first-of-its-kind study utilizing data-driven algorithms and high-throughput experimentation (HTE) in MOF catalysis, yields on Cu-deposited NU-1000 were improved from 0.4 to 24.4%. Characterization of the best-performing catalysts reveal conversion to hexadiene to be due to the formation of large Cu nanoparticles, which is further supported by reaction mechanisms calculated with density functional theory (DFT). Our results demonstrate both the strengths and weaknesses of the HTE approach. As a strength, HTE excels at being able to find interesting and novel catalytic activity; any a priori theoretical approach would be hard-pressed to find success, as high-performing catalysts required highly specific operating conditions difficult to model theoretically, and initial simple single-atom models of the active site did not prove representative of the nanoparticle catalysts responsible for conversion to hexadiene. As a weakness, our results show how the HTE approach must be designed and monitored carefully to find success; in our initial campaign, only minor catalytic performances (up to 4.2% yield) were achieved, which were only improved following a complete overhaul of our HTE approach and questioning our initial assumptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine
E. McCullough
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
| | - Daniel S. King
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - Saumil P. Chheda
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Magali S. Ferrandon
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
| | - Timothy A. Goetjen
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois60208, United States
| | - Zoha H. Syed
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois60208, United States
| | - Trent R. Graham
- Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington99354, United States
| | - Nancy M. Washton
- Pacific
Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington99354, United States
| | - Omar K. Farha
- Department
of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois60208, United States
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United
States
- James
Franck Institute, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United States
| | - Massimiliano Delferro
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
- Pritzker
School of Molecular Engineering, University
of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois60637, United
States
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4
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Agbaba Ö, Trotuş IT, Schmidt W, Schüth F. Light Olefins from Acetylene under Pressurized Conditions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Özgül Agbaba
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Ioan-Teodor Trotuş
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schmidt
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Ferdi Schüth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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5
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Wang Q, Pengmei Z, Pandharkar R, Gagliardi L, Hupp JT, Notestein JM. Investigating the Effect of Metal Nuclearity on Activity for Ethylene Hydrogenation by Metal-Organic-Framework-Supported oxy-Ni(II) Catalysts. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Bakuru VR, Fazl-Ur-Rahman K, Periyasamy G, Velaga B, Peela NR, DMello ME, Kanakikodi KS, Maradur SP, Maji TK, Kalidindi SB. Unraveling High Alkene Selectivity at Full Conversion in Alkyne Hydrogenation over Ni under Continuous Flow Conditions. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00875k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective hydrogenation of alkynes into alkenes in continuous flow conditions over non-precious metal catalysts is an attractive prospect for the chemical industry, especially for the petrochemical and polymer industry. Achieving...
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7
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Noonikara-Poyil A, Muñoz-Castro A, Dias HVR. Terminal and Internal Alkyne Complexes and Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition Chemistry of Copper(I) Supported by a Fluorinated Bis(pyrazolyl)borate. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010016. [PMID: 35011246 PMCID: PMC8746352 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Copper plays an important role in alkyne coordination chemistry and transformations. This report describes the isolation and full characterization of a thermally stable, copper(I) acetylene complex using a highly fluorinated bis(pyrazolyl)borate ligand support. Details of the related copper(I) complex of HC≡CSiMe3 are also reported. They are three-coordinate copper complexes featuring η2-bound alkynes. Raman data show significant red-shifts in C≡C stretch of [H2B(3,5-(CF3)2Pz)2]Cu(HC≡CH) and [H2B(3,5-(CF3)2Pz)2]Cu(HC≡CSiMe3) relative to those of the corresponding alkynes. Computational analysis using DFT indicates that the Cu(I) alkyne interaction in these molecules is primarily of the electrostatic character. The π-backbonding is the larger component of the orbital contribution to the interaction. The dinuclear complexes such as Cu2(μ-[3,5-(CF3)2Pz])2(HC≡CH)2 display similar Cu-alkyne bonding features. The mononuclear [H2B(3,5-(CF3)2Pz)2]Cu(NCMe) complex catalyzes [3 + 2] cycloadditions between tolyl azide and a variety of alkynes including acetylene. It is comparatively less effective than the related trinuclear copper catalyst {μ-[3,5-(CF3)2Pz]Cu}3 involving bridging pyrazolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Noonikara-Poyil
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA;
| | - Alvaro Muñoz-Castro
- Grupo de Química Inorgánica y Materiales Moleculares, Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad Autonoma de Chile, El Llano Subercaseaux 2801, Santiago 8910060, Chile
- Correspondence: (A.M.-C.); (H.V.R.D.)
| | - H. V. Rasika Dias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA;
- Correspondence: (A.M.-C.); (H.V.R.D.)
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8
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Chen H, Zhang Z, Lv H, Liu S, Zhang X. Investigation on the catalytic behavior of a novel thulium-organic framework with a planar tetranuclear {Tm 4} cluster as the active center for chemical CO 2 fixation. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:532-540. [PMID: 34927659 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03646g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the exquisite combination of coplanar [Tm4(CO2)10(μ3-OH)2(μ2-HCO2)(OH2)2] clusters ({Tm4}) and structure-oriented functional BDCP5- leads to the highly robust nanoporous {Tm4}-organic framework {(Me2NH2)[Tm4(BDCP)2(μ3-OH)2(μ2-HCO2)(H2O)2]·7DMF·5H2O}n (NUC-37, H5BDCP = 2,6-bis(2,4-dicarboxylphenyl)-4-(4-carboxylphenyl)pyridine). To the best of our knowledge, NUC-37 is the first anionic {Ln4}-based three-dimensional framework with embedded hierarchical microporous and nanoporous channels, among which each larger one is shaped by six rows of coplanar {Tm4} clusters and characterized by plentiful coexisting Lewis acid-base sites on the inner wall including open TmIII sites, Npyridine atoms, μ3-OH and μ2-HCO2. Catalytic experimental studies exhibit that NUC-37 possesses highly selective catalytic activity on the cycloaddition of epoxides with CO2 as well as high recyclability under gentle conditions, which should be ascribed to its nanoscale channels, rich bifunctional active sites, and stable physicochemical properties. This work offers an effective means for synthesizing productive cluster-based Ln-MOF catalysts by employing structure-oriented ligands and controlling the solvothermal reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhengguo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongxiao Lv
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shurong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiutang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Hurlock MJ, Hao L, Kriegsman KW, Guo X, O'Keeffe M, Zhang Q. Evolution of 14-Connected Zr 6 Secondary Building Units through Postsynthetic Linker Incorporation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:51945-51953. [PMID: 34124879 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two new zirconium MOFs, WSU-6 and WSU-7, were synthesized through postsynthetic modifications. In both cases, linker insertion was conducted on a MOF consisting of eight-connected (8-c) Zr6 cluster and four-connected (4-c) ETTC linker, WSU-5, which possesses the uncommon 4, 8-c scu-c topology. The insertion of 1, 4-benzenedicarboxylate into the MOF formed the new 4, 12-c mjh topology, WSU-6. Interestingly, when 2, 6-naphthalenedicarboxylate was inserted, WSU-7 can be formed, which possesses a new 4, 14-c jkz topology. WSU-7 contains very rare 14-c Zr6 secondary building units (SBUs) and is the first MOF to have a Zr6 SBUs with connectivity greater than 12. The three Zr-MOFs were structurally characterized, and the photoluminescence properties of the materials were also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michael O'Keeffe
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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Yang Y, Noh H, Ma Q, Wang R, Chen Z, Schweitzer NM, Liu J, Chapman KW, Hupp JT. Engineering Dendrimer-Templated, Metal-Organic Framework-Confined Zero-Valent, Transition-Metal Catalysts. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:36232-36239. [PMID: 34308623 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We describe and experimentally illustrate a strategy for synthesizing reactant-accessible, supported arrays of well-confined, sub-nanometer to 2 nm, metal(0) clusters and particles-here, copper, palladium, and platinum. The synthesis entails (a) solution-phase binding of metal ions by a generation-2 poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer, (b) electrostatic uptake of metalated, solution-dissolved, and positively charged dendrimers by the negatively charged pores of a zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF), NU-1000, and (c) chemical reduction of the incorporated metal ions. The pH of the unbuffered solution is known to control the overall charges of both the dendrimer guests and the hierarchically porous MOF. The combined results of electron microscopy, X-ray spectroscopy, and other measurements indicate the formation and microscopically uniform spatial distributions of zero-valent, monometallic Cu, Pd, and Pt species, with sizes depending strongly on the conditions and methods used for reduction of incorporated metal ions. Access to sub-nanometer clusters is ascribed to the stabilization effects imposed by the two templates (i.e., NU-1000 and dendrimer), which significantly limit the extent to which the metal atoms aggregate; as the thermal input increases, the dendrimer template gradually decomposes, allowing a further aggregation of metal clusters inside the hexagonal mesoporous channel of the MOF template, which ultimately self-limits at 3 nm (i.e., the mesopore width of NU-1000). Using CO oxidation and n-hexene hydrogenation as model reactions in the gas and condensed phases, we show that the dual-templated metal species can act as stable, efficient heterogeneous catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hyunho Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Qing Ma
- DND CAT, Northwestern Synchrotron Research Center at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhihengyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11764, United States
| | - Neil M Schweitzer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Karena W Chapman
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11764, United States
| | - Joseph T Hupp
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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