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Reddygunta KKR, Callander A, Šiller L, Faulds K, Berlouis L, Ivaturi A. Scalable slot-die coated flexible supercapacitors from upcycled PET face shields. RSC Adv 2024; 14:12781-12795. [PMID: 38645514 PMCID: PMC11027888 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06809e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Upcycling Covid19 plastic waste into valuable carbonaceous materials for energy storage applications is a sustainable and green approach to minimize the burden of waste plastic on the environment. Herein, we developed a facile single step activation technique for producing activated carbon consisting of spherical flower like carbon nanosheets and amorphous porous flakes from used PET [poly(ethylene terephthalate)] face shields for supercapacitor applications. The as-obtained activated carbon exhibited a high specific surface area of 1571 m2 g-1 and pore volume of 1.64 cm3 g-1. The specific capacitance of these carbon nanostructure-coated stainless steel electrodes reached 228.2 F g-1 at 1 A g-1 current density with excellent charge transport features and good rate capability in 1 M Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte. We explored the slot-die coating technique for large-area coatings of flexible high-performance activated carbon electrodes with special emphasis on optimizing binder concentration. Significant improvement in electrochemical performance was achieved for the electrodes with 15 wt% Nafion concentration. The flexible supercapacitors fabricated using these electrodes showed high energy and power density of 21.8 W h kg-1 and 20 600 W kg-1 respectively, and retained 96.2% of the initial capacitance after 10 000 cycles at 2 A g-1 current density. The present study provides a promising sustainable approach for upcycling PET plastic waste for large area printable supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Kumar Reddy Reddygunta
- Smart Materials Research and Device Technology (SMaRDT) Group, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde Thomas Graham Building Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Andrew Callander
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Technology Innovation Centre 99 George Street Glasgow G1 1RD UK
| | - Lidija Šiller
- Newcastle University, School of Engineering Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU UK
| | - Karen Faulds
- Centre for Molecular Nanometrology, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Technology Innovation Centre 99 George Street Glasgow G1 1RD UK
| | - Leonard Berlouis
- Smart Materials Research and Device Technology (SMaRDT) Group, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde Thomas Graham Building Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Aruna Ivaturi
- Smart Materials Research and Device Technology (SMaRDT) Group, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde Thomas Graham Building Glasgow G1 1XL UK
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Chen C, Zhu Y, Gao D, Li M, Zhang Z, Chen H, Feng Y, Wang C, Sun J, Chen J, Tian H, Ding L, Chen C. Molecular Synergistic Passivation for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells and Self-Powered Photodetectors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303200. [PMID: 37178255 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The interface between the perovskite and electron-transporting material is often treated for defect passivation to improve the photovoltaic performance of devices. A facile 4-Acetamidobenzoic acid (containing an acetamido, a carboxyl, and a benzene ring)-based molecular synergistic passivation (MSP) strategy is developed here to engineer the SnOx /perovskite interface, in which dense SnOx are prepared using an E-beam evaporation technology while the perovskite is deposited with vacuum flash evaporation deposition method. MSP engineering can synergistically passivate defects at the SnOx /perovskite interface by coordinating with Sn4+ and Pb2+ with functional group CO in the acetamido and carboxyl. The optimized solar cell devices can achieve the highest efficiency of 22.51% based on E-Beam deposited SnOx and 23.29% based on solution-processed SnO2 , respectively, accompanied by excellent stability exceeding 3000 h. Further, the self-powered photodetectors exhibit a remarkably low dark current of 5.22 × 10-9 A cm-2 , a response of 0.53 A W-1 at zero bias, a detection limit of 1.3 × 1013 Jones, and a linear dynamic range up to 80.4 dB. This work proposes a molecular synergistic passivation strategy to enhance the efficiency and responsivity of solar cells and self-powered photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Yunfei Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Deyu Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Mengjia Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Zuolin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Hongjian Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Yinsu Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS), Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jiangzhao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology & Systems (MoE), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - He Tian
- School of Integrated Circuits, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Liming Ding
- Center for Excellence in Nanoscience (CAS), Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication (CAS), National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Cong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China
- Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078, China
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Guo Q, Gong X, Shen Z, Hao X, Zhang J. Numerical Simulation on Preparing Uniform and Stable Perovskite Wet Film in Slot-Die Coating Process. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:19547-19555. [PMID: 37305257 PMCID: PMC10249078 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Slot-die coating is regarded as a reliable and potential technology for preparing large-area perovskite solar cells with high efficiency and low cost. Therein, the formation of continuous and uniform wet film is of significance to obtain a high-quality solid perovskite film. In this work, the rheological properties of the perovskite precursor fluid are analyzed. Then, the ANSYS Fluent is introduced to establish an integrated model of internal and external flow fields during the coating process. The model is applicable to all perovskite precursor solutions with near-Newtonian fluids. Based on the theoretical simulation of finite element analysis, the preparation of 0.8 M-FAxCs1-xPbI3, one of the typical large-area perovskite precursor solutions, is explored. Accordingly, this work indicates that the coupling process parameters like the fluid supply velocity (Vin) and coating velocity (V) determine the uniformity that the solution flows out of the slit and is coated onto the substrates, and the coating windows for a uniform and stable perovskite wet film is obtained. For the upper boundary range of the coating windows, the maximum value of V and Vin follows V = 0.003 + 1.46Vin (Vin ≤ 0.1 m/s), while for its lower boundary range, the minimum value of V and Vin is V = 0.002 + 0.67Vin (Vin ≤ 0.1 m/s). When Vin is higher than 0.1 m/s, the film will break due to the excessive V. Finally, the real experiment verifies the accuracy of the numerical simulation. Hopefully, this work is of reference value for the development of the slot-die coating forming process on the perovskite precursor solution approximating Newtonian fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Guo
- Institute
of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology & College of Materials
Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Gong
- Institute
of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology & College of Materials
Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Shen
- Institute
of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology & College of Materials
Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xia Hao
- Institute
of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology & College of Materials
Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
- Engineering
Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Jingquan Zhang
- Institute
of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology & College of Materials
Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
- Engineering
Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials & Devices, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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