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Wang Q, Feng Y, Lin F, Chen Y, Ding N, Zhang Y, Liu S, Zhao W, Zhao Q. High-Precision Printing Sandwich Flexible Transparent Silver Mesh for Tunable Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Visualization Windows. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:70644-70655. [PMID: 39666894 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c16375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2024]
Abstract
Flexible transparent conductive films (FTCFs) with electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance are increasingly crucial as visualization windows in optoelectronic devices due to their capabilities to block electromagnetic radiation (EMR) generated during operation. Metal mesh-based FTCFs have emerged as a promising representative in which EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) can be enhanced by increasing the line width, reducing the line spacing, or increasing mesh thickness. However, these conventional approaches decrease optical transmittance or increase material consumption, thus compromising the optical performance and economic viability. Hence, a significant challenge still remains in the realm of metal mesh-based FTCFs to enhance EMI SE while maintaining their original optical transmittance and equivalent material usage. Herein, we propose an innovative symmetric structural optimization strategy to create silver mesh-based sandwich-FTCFs with arbitrary customized sizes through high-precision extrusion printing technology for tunable EMI shielding performance. The meticulous adjustment of xy-axis offsets and printing starting point ensures perfect alignment of the silver mesh on both sides of the transparent substrate. This approach yields sandwich-FTCFs with optical transmittance equivalent to single-layer-FTCFs under identical parameters while simultaneously achieving up to 40% enhanced EMI SE. This improvement stems from the synergistic effect of multiple internal reflections and wave interference between the symmetric silver meshes. The excellent shielding performance of sandwich-FTCFs is evidenced through effectively blocking electromagnetic waves from common devices such as mobile phones, Bluetooth earphones, and smartwatches. Our work represents a significant advancement in balancing optical transmittance, EMI SE, and material efficiency in high-performance and cost-effective FTCFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering and College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China
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Deng S, Akram W, Ye X, Zhang L, Yang Y, Cheng S, Fang J. Comprehensive Insights on MXene-Based TENGs: from Structures, Functions to Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2404872. [PMID: 39358944 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202404872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
The rapid advancement of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) has introduced a transformative approach to energy harvesting and self-powered sensing in recent years. Nonetheless, the untapped potential of TENGs in practical scenarios necessitates multiple strategies like material selections and structure designs to enhance their output performance. Given the various superior properties, MXenes, a kind of novel 2D materials, have demonstrated great promise in enhancing TENG functionality. Here, this review comprehensively delineates the advantages of incorporating MXenes into TENGs, majoring in six pivotal aspects. First, an overview of TENGs is provided, stating their theoretical foundations, working modes, material considerations, and prevailing challenges. Additionally, the structural characteristics, fabrication methodologies, and family of MXenes, charting their developmental trajectory are highlighted. The selection of MXenes as various functional layers (negative and positive triboelectric layer, electrode layer) while designing TENGs is briefed. Furthermore, the distinctive advantages of MXene-based TENGs and their applications are emphasized. Last, the existing challenges are highlighted, and the future developing directions of MXene-based TENGs are forecasted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwu Deng
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Wasim Akram
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Xiaorui Ye
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Lizi Zhang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Si Cheng
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
| | - Jian Fang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, China
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Chu C, Gao Y, Ma X, Cheng R, Xu P, Ding Y. Multilevel structural polylactic acid fabrics for flame retardancy, durability, and electromagnetic interference shielding. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 282:136934. [PMID: 39471918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 10/17/2024] [Accepted: 10/24/2024] [Indexed: 11/01/2024]
Abstract
The integration of polylactic acid (PLA) fabrics with bio-based flame retardants and conductive MXene addresses the requirements for safe sustainable development and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. The dehydration and carbonization of phytic acid (PA) and polyethylenimine (PEI) were facilitated by employing 3-glycidyl oxy propyl trimethoxsilane (GPTMS) as an organic crosslinking agent, which was covalently bonded to both the flame retardants and the MXene conductive layer. The prepared multifunctional PLA fabric, designated as PA-PEI-MXene-60, exhibits a high Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) of 35.6 %, a damage length of 3.2 cm, a peak heat release rate (pHRR) reduction of 81.38 %, and total heat release (THR) reduction of 27.03 %, indicating exceptional flame-retardant properties. Concurrently, the MXene conductive layer provides outstanding EMI shielding performance. A subsequent hydrophobic treatment was applied using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coatings, resulting in a water contact angle of 148.8°. Additionally, while the PLA fabrics exhibited remarkable EMI shielding effectiveness at 54 dB. Importantly, despite undergoing repeated bending and abrasion tests, these multifunctional PLA fabrics maintain relatively high EMI shielding efficiency, demonstrating commendable durability. This work significantly contributes to the research and development of bio-based, safe, durable multifunctional flame-retardant materials with EMI shielding capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Chu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yifei Gao
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xiangyu Ma
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Pei Xu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Yunsheng Ding
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Anhui Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
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Li X, Zeng B, Zheng Y, Zhou J. Excellent mechanical and electromagnetic interference shielding properties of polylactic acid/polycaprolactone/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites enabled by a multilayer structure design. RSC Adv 2024; 14:20390-20397. [PMID: 38932984 PMCID: PMC11200210 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02440k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, a special multilayer structure consisting of polylactic acid (PLA) and a co-continuous PLA/polycaprolactone (PCL)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) (ALM) composite with a double-percolated conductive network was fabricated via layer-assembly coextrusion. It was revealed that PLA domains located at the layer interface could serve as rivets properly linking adjacent layers. Such a nacre-like structure with alternately stacked rigid PLA and flexible ALM increased the fracture strain to 354.4%, nearly quadruple that of the PLA/PCL/MWCNT conventional blending composite with the same composition, while maintaining an excellent strength above 46.0 MPa. In addition, the multilayer composites showed a special frequency-selective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance, with tunable shielding peak positions controlled by the layer number. Their maximum EMI shielding effectiveness almost contributed by absorption loss could reach 49.8 dB, which originated from two aspects: one was the high electrical conductivity offered by the double-percolated distribution of MWCNTs, and the other was the multiple wave attenuation effect that occurred at the interfaces between PLA and ALM layers and the blend interfaces in ALM layers. This effort paves a new way for developing composites with outstanding mechanical and EMI shielding properties that can be extended to other polymeric composite systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocheng Li
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 211100 China
| | - Bingbing Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 Sichuan China
| | - Yu Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 Sichuan China
| | - Jintang Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Nanjing 211100 China
- Key Laboratory of Material Preparation and Protection for Harsh Environment (Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Nanjing 211100 China
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Govindasamy T, Mathew NK, Asapu VK, Asokan V, Subramanian V, Subramanian B. High-performance EMI shielding effectiveness of Fe 3O 4-3D rPC nanocomposites: a systematic optimization in the X-band region. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:30501-30515. [PMID: 37921624 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04679f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the microwave absorption (MWA) performance of a Fe3O4-3D reduced porous carbon nanocomposite (3D rPC NC) in the X-band region is reported. Three different shields are fabricated by altering the ratio of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) and 3D rPC and evaluating their microwave (MW) shielding performance with appropriate in-wearing instruments due to their minimum thickness. The chemical interaction between Fe3O4 NPs and 3D rPC is examined from chemical composition analysis of Fe3O4-3D rPC (1 : 2 ratio), which is confirmed by the presence of the Fe-O-C bond in the O 1s spectrum obtained from XPS analysis and subsequent analysis using FESEM images. Furthermore, it is found from N2 adsorption/desorption analysis that 3D rPC possesses a huge surface area of 787.312 m2 g-1 and showcases a type-V isotherm (mesoporous and/or microporous) behavior. The dielectric and magnetic losses of Fe3O4-3D rPC with a 1 : 2 ratio (tan δεr = 1.27 and tan δμr = 5.03) are higher than those of Fe3O4 NPs, 3D rPC and their NCs due to its magnetic and electrical conducting pathways modifying the material's polarization and dipole moment. The lightweight, polymer-free Fe3O4-3D rPC (1 : 2) NCs with minimum thickness on the order of 0.5 mm exhibited a higher total shielding effectiveness (SET = 41.285 dB), and it effectively blocked 99.9963% of the transmittance due to electric and magnetic polarization resulting from the presence of a heterogeneous interface surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vinaya Kumar Asapu
- Microwave Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - Vijayshankar Asokan
- Laboratory for Electron Microscopy, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany
| | - Venkatachalam Subramanian
- Microwave Laboratory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - Balakumar Subramanian
- National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology University of Madras, Chennai-600025, India.
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Jiang H, Zhu Y, Zhao G, Tian A, Li H, Li J, Zhao S, Zhang G, Gao A, Cui J, Yan Y. Preparation and Optimization of Conductive PDMS Composite Foams with Absorption-dominated Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance via Silvered Aramid Microfibers. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.112029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Xing Y, Wan Y, Wu Z, Wang J, Jiao S, Liu L. Multilayer Ultrathin MXene@AgNW@MoS 2 Composite Film for High-Efficiency Electromagnetic Shielding. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:5787-5797. [PMID: 36669167 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c18759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Structure and material composition is crucial in realizing high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE). Herein, an ultrathin MXene@AgNW@MoS2 (MAM) composite film that resembles the structure of a pork belly and exhibits superior EMI shielding performance was fabricated via the vacuum-assisted suction filtration process and atomic layer deposition (ALD). The staggered AgNWs form skeletons and intersperse in MXene sheets to build a doped layer with three-dimensional network structures, which improves the electrical conductivity of the film. Based on the optimal dispersion concentration of Ag in doped and single layers, the MXene/AgNW doped layer and AgNW single layer are alternately vacuum-assisted-filtered to obtain laminated structures with multiple heterogeneous interfaces. These interfaces generate interface polarization and increase multiple reflection and scattering, resulting in the increased electromagnetic (EM) wave losses. On the other hand, MoS2 outer nanolayers fabricated precisely by ALD effectively increases the absorption proportion of electromagnetic waves, reduces the secondary reflection, and improves the stability of EMI shielding properties. Ultimately, an ultrathin MAM film (a thickness of 0.03 mm) with five alternating internal layers and MoS2 outer layers exhibits an excellent EMI SE of 86.3 dB in the X-band.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youqiang Xing
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, Jiangsu Province, PR China
- Engineering Research Center of New Light Sources Technology and Equipment of MOE, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yizhi Wan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Ze Wu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Jianqiao Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Songlong Jiao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Lei Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing211189, Jiangsu Province, PR China
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Zhang WJ, Li S, Vijayan V, Lee JS, Park SS, Cui X, Chung I, Lee J, Ahn SK, Kim JR, Park IK, Ha CS. ROS- and pH-Responsive Polydopamine Functionalized Ti 3C 2T x MXene-Based Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery Nanocarriers with High Antibacterial Activity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12244392. [PMID: 36558246 PMCID: PMC9786132 DOI: 10.3390/nano12244392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Premature drug release and poor controllability is a challenge in the practical application of tumor therapy, which may lead to poor chemotherapy efficacy and severe adverse effects. In this study, a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-cleavable nanoparticle system (MXene-TK-DOX@PDA) was designed for effective chemotherapy drug delivery and antibacterial applications. Doxorubicin (DOX) was conjugated to the surface of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES)-functionalized MXene via an ROS-cleavable diacetoxyl thioketal (TK) linkage. Subsequently, the surfaces of the MXene nanosheets were coated with pH-responsive polydopamine (PDA) as a gatekeeper. PDA endowed the MXene-TK-DOX@PDA nanoparticles with superior biocompatibility and stability. The MXene-TK-DOX@PDA nanoparticles had an ultrathin planar structure and a small lateral size of approximately 180 nm. The as-synthesized nanoparticles demonstrated outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency, superior photothermal stability, and a remarkable extinction coefficient (23.3 L g-1 cm-1 at 808 nm). DOX exhibited both efficient ROS-responsive and pH-responsive release performance from MXene-TK-DOX@PDA nanoparticles due to the cleavage of the thioketal linker. In addition, MXene-TK-DOX@PDA nanoparticles displayed high antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) within 5 h. Taken together, we hope that MXene-TK-DOX@PDA nanoparticles will enrich the drug delivery system and significantly expand their applications in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jin Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Shuwei Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Veena Vijayan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Seok Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Park
- Division of Advanced Materials Engineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiuguo Cui
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China
| | - Ildoo Chung
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaejun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-kyun Ahn
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Rae Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
- BioMedical Sciences Graduate Program (BMSGP), Chonnam National University, Hwasun 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Sik Ha
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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Chand K, Zhang X, Chen Y. Recent Progress in MXene and Graphene based Nanocomposites for Microwave Absorption and EMI Shielding. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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