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Roy K, Rana A, Heil JN, Tackett BM, Dick JE. For Zinc Metal Batteries, How Many Electrons go to Hydrogen Evolution? An Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry Study. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202319010. [PMID: 38168077 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202319010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Despite the advantages of aqueous zinc (Zn) metal batteries (AZMB) like high specific capacity (820 mAh g-1 and 5,854 mAh cm-3 ), low redox potential (-0.76 V vs. the standard hydrogen electrode), low cost, water compatibility, and safety, the development of practically relevant batteries is plagued by several issues like unwanted hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), corrosion of Zn substrate (insulating ZnO, Zn(OH)2 , Zn(SO4 )x (OH)y , Zn(ClO4 )x (OH)y etc. passivation layer), and dendrite growth. Controlling and suppressing HER activity strongly correlates with the long-term cyclability of AZMBs. Therefore, a precise quantitative technique is needed to monitor the real-time dynamics of hydrogen evolution during Zn electrodeposition. In this study, we quantify hydrogen evolution using in situ electrochemical mass spectrometry (ECMS). This methodology enables us to determine a correction factor for the faradaic efficiency of this system with unmatched precision. For instance, during the electrodeposition of zinc on a copper substrate at a current density of 1.5 mA/cm2 for 600 seconds, 0.3 % of the total charge is attributed to HER, while the rest contributes to zinc electrodeposition. At first glance, this may seem like a small fraction, but it can be detrimental to the long-term cycling performance of AZMBs. Furthermore, our results provide insights into the correlation between HER and the porous morphology of the electrodeposited zinc, unravelling the presence of trapped H2 and Zn corrosion during the charging process. Overall, this study sets a platform to accurately determine the faradaic efficiency of Zn electrodeposition and provides a powerful tool for evaluating electrolyte additives, salts, and electrode modifications aimed at enhancing long-term stability and suppressing the HER in aqueous Zn batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingshuk Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Ashutosh Rana
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Joseph N Heil
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Brian M Tackett
- Davidson School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Dick
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Wang L, Zhou S, Yang K, Huang W, Ogata S, Gao L, Pu X. Screening Selection of Hydrogen Evolution-Inhibiting and Zincphilic Alloy Anode for Aqueous Zn Battery. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307667. [PMID: 38239041 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and Zn dendrites growth are two entangled detrimental effects hindering the application of aqueous Zn batteries. The alloying strategy is studied to be a convenient avenue to stabilize Zn anodes, but there still lacks global understanding when selecting reliable alloy elements. Herein, it is proposed to evaluate the Zn alloying elements in a holistic way by considering their effects on HER, zincphilicity, price, and environmental-friendliness. Screening selection sequence is established through the theoretical evaluation of 17 common alloying elements according to their effects on hydrogen evolution and Zn nucleation thermodynamics. Two alloy electrodes with opposite predicted effects are prepared for experimental demonstration, i.e., HER-inhibiting Bi and HER-exacerbating Ni. Impressively, the optimum ZnBi alloy anode exhibits one order of magnitude lower hydrogen evolution rate than that of the pure Zn, leading to an ultra-long plating/stripping cycling life for more than 11 000 cycles at a high current density of 20 mA cm-2 and 81% capacity retention for 170 cycles in a Zn-V2O5 pouch cell. The study not only proposes a holistic alloy selection principle for Zn anode but also identifies a practically effective alloy element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaojie Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kai Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shigenobu Ogata
- Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Lei Gao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Department of Mechanical Science and Bioengineering, Osaka University, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Xiong Pu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
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Zhao Z, Zhang H, Shi X, Zhang Y, Tang C, Zhao H, Liu J, Wang G, Li L. Zincophilic Metal-Organic-Framework Interface Mitigating Dendrite Growth for Highly Reversible Zinc Metal Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304723. [PMID: 37797197 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous Zn-ion batteries are the ideal candidate for large-scale energy storage systems owing to their high safety and low cost. However, the uncontrolled deposition and parasitic reaction of Zn metal anode hinder their commercial application. Here, the 2D metal-organic-framework (MOF) nanoflakes covered on the surface of Zn are proposed to enable dendrite-free for long lifespan Zn metal batteries. The MOF can facilitate the desolvation process to accelerate reaction kinetic due to its special channel structure. The abundant zincopilicity sites of MOF can realize the homogenous Zn2+ deposition. Consequently, their synergetic effect makes the MOF protected Zn anode good electrochemical performance with a long cycle life of 1400 h at 1 mA cm-2 and a high depth of discharge of 30 mAh cm-2 (DOD ≈ 54%) continued for over 700 h. This work provides a novel strategy for high-performance rechargeable Zn-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Huandi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Xiaowei Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Haitao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Jiamei Liu
- Instrument Analysis Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Guolong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 28, Xianning West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
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Gou Q, Chen Z, Luo H, Deng J, Zhang B, Xu N, Cui J, Zheng Y, Li M, Li J. Synergistic Modulation of Mass Transfer and Parasitic Reactions of Zn Metal Anode via Bioinspired Artificial Protection Layer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2305902. [PMID: 37775329 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries are regarded as promising energy storage devices due to their attractive economic benefits and extraordinary electrochemical performance. However, the sluggish Zn2+ mass transfer behavior and water-induced parasitic reactions that occurred on the anode-electrode interface inevitably restrain their applications. Herein, inspired by the selective permeability and superior stability of plasma membrane, a thin UiO-66 metal-organic framework layer with smart aperture size is ex-situ decorated onto the Zn anode. Experimental characterizations in conjunction with theoretical calculations demonstrate that this bio-inspired layer promotes the de-solvation process of hydrated Zn2+ and reduces the effective contact between the anode and H2 O molecules, thereby boosting Zn2+ deposition kinetics and restraining interfacial parasitic reactions. Hence, the Zn||Zn cells could sustain a long lifespan of 1680 h and the Zn||Cu cells yielded a stable coulombic efficiency of over 99.3% throughout 600 cycles under the assistance of the bio-inspired layer. Moreover, pairing with δ-MnO2 cathode, the full cells also demonstrate prominent cycling stability and rate performance. From the bio-inspired design philosophy, this work provides a novel insight into the development of aqueous batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianzhi Gou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials and Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Zhaoyu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials and Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Haoran Luo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials and Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jiangbin Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials and Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Ben Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials and Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Nuo Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials and Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Junyi Cui
- Sichuan University-Pittsburgh Institute (SCUPI), Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610207, China
| | - Yujie Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials and Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Meng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials and Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jun Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, CQU-NUS Renewable Energy Materials and Devices Joint Laboratory, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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