1
|
Zhu N, Wu J, Zhao D. Nanospace Engineering for C 8 Aromatic Isomer Separation. ACS NANO 2025; 19:2029-2046. [PMID: 39762116 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c15755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
C8 aromatic isomers, namely para-xylene (PX), meta-xylene (MX), ortho-xylene (OX), and ethylbenzene (EB), are essential industrial chemicals with a wide range of applications. The effective separation of these isomers is crucial across various sectors, including petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and polymer manufacturing. Traditional separation methods, such as distillation and solvent extraction, are energy-intensive. In contrast, selective adsorption has emerged as an efficient technique for separating C8 aromatic isomers, in which nanospace engineering offers promising strategies to address existing challenges by precisely tailoring the structures and properties of porous materials at the nanoscale. This review explores the application of nanospace engineering in modifying the pore structures and characteristics of diverse porous materials─including zeolites, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and other porous substances─to enhance their performance in C8 aromatic isomer separation. Additionally, this review provides a comprehensive summary of how different separation techniques, temperature fluctuations, enthalpy/entropy considerations, and desorption processes influence separation efficiency. It also presents a forward-looking perspective on remaining challenges and potential opportunities for advancing C8 aromatic isomer separation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nengxiu Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585 Singapore
| | - Jiayi Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585 Singapore
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117585 Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Deng WC, Qian HL, Yang C, Xu ST, Yan XP. Tuning interlayer stacking of 2D covalent organic frameworks for high-resolution separation of C8 aromatic isomers. Talanta 2025; 282:127012. [PMID: 39406079 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.127012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Revised: 09/30/2024] [Accepted: 10/05/2024] [Indexed: 11/20/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) has shown great potential as stationary phase in gas chromatography separation. However, designing COF stationary phases with high separation performance remains challenging. Here, we report a novel strategy to enhance the separation ability of COF stationary phases through tuning the interlayer stacking of COF. A rare interlayer modulation of 2D COFs from eclipsed-AA to slipped-AA was achieved through a two-step synthesis method. Simply changing the solvent used in step 1 allowed an interlayer modulation from slipped-AA to eclipsed-AA. As the proof-of-concept, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)-21H,23H-porphyrin (Tph) and 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalaldehyde (DHTA) were condensed to prepare 2D COF Tph-DHTA. The interlayer stacking of the 2D COF Tph-DHTA was tuned from eclipsed-AA model to slipped-AA by changing the solvent from o-dichlorobenzene + n-butanol (3:1, v/v) to tetrahydrofuran + n-butanol (1:7, v/v) in step 1. The as-prepared Tph-DHTA with slipped-AA stacking (s-Tph-DHTA) showed higher resolution and faster separation of C8 aromatic isomers than that with eclipsed-AA stacking (e-Tph-DHTA). The formation of slipping stacking of s-Tph-DHTA facilitated the thermodynamics, but did not affect the mass transfer resistance for the separation of C8 aromatic isomers. This work not only provides a promising way to modulate the stacking structure of COFs, but also opens a new strategy to design COF stationary phases for the separation of intractable isomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chao Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Hai-Long Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Shu-Ting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li SL, Yan ZY, Qian HL, Xu ST, Yan XP. Aptamer-Conjugated Covalent-Organic Framework Nanochannels for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Aflatoxin B1. Anal Chem 2024; 96:17370-17376. [PMID: 39420777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c04098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Sensitive and selective detection of trace aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in foods is of great importance to guarantee food safety and quality but still challenging because of its trace amount and the interference from the complex food matrix. Here, we report the integration of aptamer (Apt) and an ordered 2D covalent organic framework (COF) to solid-state anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanochannels (Apt/COF/AAO) for selective and sensitive detection of trace AFB1. The high specificity of Apt for AFB1 led to a selective change in the surface charge of Apt/COF/AAO and in turn the current change of the nanochannel, permitting the selective and sensitive determination of trace AFB1 in complex food samples. The developed nanofluidic sensor gave a wide linear range (1-500 pg mL-1), low detection limit (0.11 pg mL-1), and good precision (relative standard deviation of 1.5% for 11 replicate determinations of 100 pg mL-1). In addition, the developed sensor was successfully used for the detection of AFB1 in food samples with the recovery of 86.9%-102.5%. The coupling of Apt-conjugated 2D COF with an AAO nanochannel provides a promising way for sensitive and selective determination of food contaminants in complex samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhu-Ying Yan
- Analysis and Testing Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hai-Long Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shu-Ting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Institute of Analytical Food Safety, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li T, Li H, Chen J, Yu Y, Chen S, Wang J, Qiu H. Preparation and evaluation of two chiral stationary phases based on imidazolyl-functionalized bromoethoxy pillar[5]arene-bonded silica. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1720:464799. [PMID: 38458140 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Chiral pillar[5]arene-based mesoporous silica, an emerging class of chiral structure, possesses excellent characteristics such as abundant chiral active sites, encapsulated cavity and excellent chiral modification, which make them a promising candidate as new chiral stationary phases (CSPs) in enantioseparation. In this study, two imidazole-containing (S)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine and (S)-Histidinol were respectively modified to bromoethoxy pillar[5]arene-bonded silica to construct new chiral stationary phases (sPIE-BP5-Sil and sHol-BP5-Sil) for the separation and analysis of enantiomers. The separation conditions such as mobile phase composition, flow rate and temperature were optimized. Under optimal conditions, both sPIE-BP5-Sil and sHol-BP5-Sil showed good separation performance for different types of enantiomers. Interestingly, sPIE-BP5-Sil and sHol-BP5-Sil showed better enantioselectivity for chiral aromatic compounds and chiral aliphatic compounds, respectively. This enantioseparation result was closely related to the presence of additional aromatic rings and abundant hydroxyl groups in the side chains of the two chiral groups. In addition, the enantioseparation process was further studied by molecular docking simulation. Therefore, this work provided a new strategy for the preparation and application of imidazolyl-derived pillar[5]arene-based chiral stationary phases, which can be efficiently used for screening and separating enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongliang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|