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Park J, Theerthagiri J, Min A, Moon CJ, Choi MY. Laser-Synthesized Ru-Anchored Few-Layer Black Phosphorus for Superior Hydrogen Evolution: Role of Acoustic Levitation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:11561-11574. [PMID: 38387469 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical water splitting, driven by processed catalysts, is the most reasonable method for hydrogen production. This study demonstrates an activation phenomenon with ruthenium (Ru) nanoclusters on few-layered black phosphorus (BP), greatly enhancing the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Efficient BP exfoliation was achieved using acoustic levitators and pulsed laser irradiation in liquids (PLIL), yielding charge-transfer Ru-nanoclusters on modulated surfaces. Various PLIL parameters were examined for the optimal BP sheet size. After ruthenization, Ru's d-band center facilitated hydrogen adsorption via Ru-H bonding. Synergy between BP's charge-carrier properties and Ru's active sites boosted HER kinetics with an ultralow overpotential of 84 mV at 10 mA/cm2 in KOH. Additionally, the RuO2 || RuBP-2 electrolyzer demonstrated remarkable overall water splitting performance at ∼1.60 V at 10 mA/cm2. These results highlight the pivotal role of metal nanoclusters on exfoliated BP surfaces and offer a refined strategy for high-density electrocatalysts in energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyeon Park
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayaraman Theerthagiri
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahreum Min
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Joo Moon
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Yong Choi
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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Guo F, Zhang Z, Chen R, Tan Y, Wu W, Wang Z, Zeng T, Zhu W, Lin C, Cheng N. Dual roles of sub-nanometer NiO in alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction: breaking the Volmer limitation and optimizing d-orbital electronic configuration. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:2913-2920. [PMID: 37158051 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00416c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Pt-based nanoclusters toward the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) remain the most promising electrocatalysts. However, the sluggish alkaline Volmer-step kinetics and the high-cost have hampered progress in developing high-performance HER catalysts. Herein, we propose to construct sub-nanometer NiO to tune the d-orbital electronic structure of nanocluster-level Pt for breaking the Volmer-step limitation and reducing the Pt-loading. Theoretical simulations firstly suggest that electron transfer from NiO to Pt nanoclusters could downshift the Ed-band of Pt and result in the well-optimized adsorption/desorption strength of the hydrogen intermediate (H*), therefore accelerating the hydrogen generation rate. NiO and Pt nanoclusters confined into the inherent pores of N-doped carbon derived from ZIF-8 (Pt/NiO/NPC) were designed to realize the structure of computational prediction and boost the alkaline hydrogen evolution. The optimal 1.5%Pt/NiO/NPC exhibited an excellent HER performance and stability with a low Tafel slope (only 22.5 mv dec-1) and an overpotential of 25.2 mV at 10 mA cm-2. Importantly, the 1.5%Pt/NiO/NPC possesses a mass activity of 17.37 A mg-1 at the overpotential of 20 mV, over 54 times higher than the benchmark 20 wt% Pt/C. Furthermore, DFT calculations illustrate that the Volmer-step could be accelerated owing to the high OH- attraction of NiO nanoclusters, leading to the Pt nanoclusters exhibiting a balance of H* adsorption and desorption (ΔGH* = -0.082 eV). Our findings provide new insights into breaking the water dissociation limit of Pt-based catalysts by coupling with a metal oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Zeyi Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Runzhe Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Yangyang Tan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Wei Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Zichen Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Tang Zeng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Wangbin Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Caoxin Lin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Niancai Cheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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Ye Y, Shi Y, Cai J, Xiao Z, Li Z, Lin S. Mo 2C promoted electrocatalysis of the Pt/Mo 2C (C) heterostructure for a superior hydrogen evolution reaction. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:3682-3689. [PMID: 36848037 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03822f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Constructing a unique electrochemical interface to enhance the catalytic capacity of Pt-based catalysts is indispensable for wider application of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, platinum-analogous molybdenum carbide (Mo2C) was combined with a lower content of Pt to construct the Pt/Mo2C (C) heterostructure via a solid-phase method, using ammonium molybdate as the precursor. Vulcan-C served as a support to promote the distribution of the Pt and Mo2C heterostructure, and cooperative effects between Pt and the Mo2C heterostructure contributed to the significantly improved catalytic capacity of Pt. The obtained Pt/Mo2C (C) exhibits superior HER activity and enhanced long-term durability in the acidic medium, with a low overpotential of 38 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and a low Tafel slope of 24 mV dec-1. In particular, a drastically enhanced amount of H2 production can be achieved (6837.28 mmol h-1 g-1). This facile approach not only provides a new pathway for constructing novel heterostructures but also gives an insight into the design of cost-effective Pt-based materials for an efficient HER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiang Ye
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Yuande Shi
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Coastal Basin Environment (Fujian Polytechnic Normal University), Fuqing 350300, China
| | - Jiannan Cai
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Coastal Basin Environment (Fujian Polytechnic Normal University), Fuqing 350300, China
| | - Zhisheng Xiao
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Zhongshui Li
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Lab of Coastal Basin Environment (Fujian Polytechnic Normal University), Fuqing 350300, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou 350007, China
| | - Shen Lin
- College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou 350007, China
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Qian X, Chen W, Yang J, Chen S, Guan G. MOFs-derived bifunctional Ni-Fe-Mo sulfide electrode catalysts with hollow bipyramidal structures for efficient photovoltaics and hydrogen generation. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Yeon S, Lee SJ, Kim J, Begildayeva T, Min A, Theerthagiri J, Kumari MLA, Pinto LMC, Kong H, Choi MY. Sustainable removal of nitrite waste to value-added ammonia on Cu@Cu 2O core-shell nanostructures by pulsed laser technique. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114154. [PMID: 36037916 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The biochemical reduction of nitrite (NO2-) ions to ammonia (NH3) requires six electrons and is catalyzed by the cytochrome c NO2- reductase enzyme. This biological reaction inspired scientists to explore the reduction of nitrogen oxyanions, such as nitrate (NO3-) and NO2- in wastewater, to produce the more valuable NH3 product. It is widely known that copper (Cu)-based nanoparticles (NPs) are selective for the NO3- reduction reaction (NO3-RR), but the NO2-RR has not been well explored. Therefore, we attempted to address the electrocatalytic conversion of NO2- to NH3 using Cu@Cu2O core-shell NPs to simultaneously treat wastewater by removing NO2- and producing valuable NH3. The Cu@Cu2O core-shell NPs were constructed using the pulsed laser ablation of Cu sheet metal in water. The core-shell nanostructure of these particles was confirmed by various characterization techniques. Subsequently, the removal of NO2- and the ammonium (NH4+)-N yield rate were estimated using the Griess and indophenol blue methods, respectively. Impressively, the Cu@Cu2O core-shell NPs exhibited outstanding NO2-RR activity, demonstrating a maximum NO2- removal efficiency of approximately 94% and a high NH4+-N yield rate of approximately 0.03 mmol h-1.cm-2 at -1.6 V vs. a silver/silver chloride reference electrode under optimal conditions. The proposed NO2-RR mechanism revealed that the (111) facet of Cu favors the selective conversion of NO2- to NH3 via a six-electron transfer. This investigation may offer a new insight for the rational design and detailed mechanistic understanding of electrocatalyst architecture for the effective conversion of NO2- to NH4+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanghun Yeon
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jun Lee
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Talshyn Begildayeva
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahreum Min
- Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayaraman Theerthagiri
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - M L Aruna Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, The Oxford College of Science, Bengaluru, 560102, Karnataka, India
| | - Leandro M C Pinto
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, UFMS, 79074-460, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Hoyoul Kong
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Myong Yong Choi
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR), Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea; Core-Facility Center for Photochemistry & Nanomaterials, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea.
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6
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M. Khalaf M, M. Abd El-Lateef H, Dao VD, Mohamed IMA. Electrocatalysis of Methanol Oxidation in Alkaline Electrolytes over Novel Amorphous Fe/Ni Biphosphate Material Prepared by Different Techniques. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3429. [PMID: 36234558 PMCID: PMC9565568 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, novel phosphate materials based on bimetallic character (Fe and Ni) were introduced by different chemical fabrication methods, the reflux method (FeNiP-R) and the sol-gel technique (FeNiP-S), and evaluated as non-precious electrodes for methanol electrooxidation in KOH electrolytes. The designed FeNiP-R and FeNiP-S samples were investigated using different characterization techniques, namely TEM, SEM, XPS, BET, DLS, and FT-IR, to describe the impact of the fabrication technique on the chemistry, morphology, and surface area. The characterization techniques indicate the successful fabrication of nanoscale-sized particles with higher agglomeration by the sol-gel technique compared with the reflux strategy. After that, the electrochemical efficiency of the fabricated FeNiP-R and FeNiP-S as electrodes for electrocatalytic methanol oxidation was studied through cyclic voltammetry (CV) at different methanol concentrations and scan rates in addition to impedance analysis and chronoamperometric techniques. From electrochemical analyses, a sharp improvement in the obtained current values was observed in both electrodes, FeNiP-R and FeNiP-S. During the MeOH electrooxidation over FeNiP-S, the current value was improved from 0.14 mA/cm2 at 0.402 V to 2.67 mA/cm2 at 0.619 V, which is around 109 times the current density value (0.0243 mA/cm2 at 0.62 V) found in the absence of MeOH. The designed FeNiP-R electrode showed an improved electrocatalytic character compared with FeNiP-S at different methanol concentrations up to 80 mmol/L. The enhancement of the anodic current density and charge transfer resistance indicates the methanol electrooxidation over the designed bimetallic Fe/Ni-phosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M. Khalaf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Hany M. Abd El-Lateef
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
| | - Van-Duong Dao
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam
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Stable Water Oxidation Catalysts Based on in-situ Electrochemical Transition of Nickel Phosphate. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03816-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Chaurasia SK, Sharma AK, Singh PK, Lu L, Ni J, Savilov SV, Kuznetsov A, Polu AR, Singh A, Singh MK. Structural, thermal, and electrochemical studies of biodegradable gel polymer electrolyte for electric double layer capacitor. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083221101757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A quasi-solid-state supercapacitor is fabricated using a biodegradable gel polymer electrolyte (GPE), and graphene nano-platelets (GNPs) capacitive electrodes. The GPE film comprises biodegradable polymer cellulose acetate (CA), ionic liquid, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate (EMImSCN) and dopant salt potassium thiocyanate (KSCN). The polymeric gel films are prepared using the standard “solution cast technique” and characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravemetric analysis (TGA), Impedance spectroscopy, and Linear sweep voltammetry techniques. The synthesized GPE exhibits maximum room temperature ionic conductivity ∼1.2 x 10−3 S cm−1 and an electrochemical stability window of ∼2.4 V. The electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC) is configured by sandwiching the GPE film between two graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) electrodes. The performance of the EDLC cell is evaluated in terms of specific capacitance, rate, and pulse power by using cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance measurement techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeet K Chaurasia
- Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Prof. Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) Institute of Physical Sciences for Study and Research, Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Atul K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Pramod K. Singh
- COE on Solar Cells and Renewable Energy, School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jiangfeng Ni
- Ctr Energy Convers Mat & Phys CECMP, Sch Phys Sci & Technol, Jiangsu Key Lab Thin Films, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Serguei V Savilov
- Department of Physical Chemistry Engineering, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Kuznetsov
- Department of Physical Chemistry Engineering, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anji R. Polu
- Department of Physics, BVRIT Hyderabad College of Engineering for Women, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Abhijeet Singh
- Energy Storage & Conversion Lab, Department of Applied Science & Humanities, Rajkiya Engineering College Banda, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj K. Singh
- Energy Storage & Conversion Lab, Department of Applied Science & Humanities, Rajkiya Engineering College Banda, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Silambarasan P, Ramu AG, Govarthanan M, Kim W, Moon IS. Cerium-polysulfide redox flow battery with possible high energy density enabled by MFI-Zeolite membrane working with acid-base electrolytes. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132680. [PMID: 34715103 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A pH change can enable high-energy-density RFB (redox flow battery) in an aqueous medium. Nevertheless, a membrane to prevent the ion crossover is needed. This study adopted cerium and polysulfide in an acid-base combined electrolyte with an MFI-Zeolite membrane as a separator. The increased potential with pH change is described by the OCP (open circuit potential) difference, which varies by 0.8 V for the combination of acid-acid and acid-base electrolyte. A decrease of 350 mV at the redox peak potential of Ce3+/Ce4+ and a 10 mV negative potential shift for S42-/2S22- highlights the pH effect between the combination of acid-acid and acid-base electrolyte indicates the influence of pH leading in half-cell of anodic than the opposite cathodic side. The UV-visible spectral analysis for Ce3+ and S42- ions displacement shows that cerium and sulfur ions do not migrate to each other half-cell through an MFI-Zeolite membrane. As a result, the current efficiency of 94%, voltage, and energy efficiency of 40%-43% were attained at a current density of 10 mA cm-2. Moreover, the acid-base composition of the Ce/S system showed an energy density of 378.3 Wh l -1.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Silambarasan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sunchon National University, 255-Jungang Ro, Suncheon-si, Jeollanam-do, 57922, South Korea
| | - A G Ramu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sunchon National University, 255-Jungang Ro, Suncheon-si, Jeollanam-do, 57922, South Korea
| | - M Govarthanan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - W Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - I S Moon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sunchon National University, 255-Jungang Ro, Suncheon-si, Jeollanam-do, 57922, South Korea.
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Efficient OER nanocomposite electrocatalysts based on Ni and/or Co supported on MoSe2 nanoribbons and MoS2 nanosheets. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2021.100206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Lahkar S, Ahmed S, Mohan K, Saikia P, Das JP, Puzari P, Dolui SK. Iron doped titania/multiwalled carbon nanotube nanocomposite: A robust electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction in aqueous acidic medium. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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12
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Foroughi F, Immanuel Bernäcker C, Röntzsch L, Pollet BG. Understanding the Effects of Ultrasound (408 kHz) on the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) and the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) on Raney-Ni in Alkaline Media. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 84:105979. [PMID: 35299037 PMCID: PMC8924425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) occurring at the Raney-Ni mesh electrode in 30 wt.-% aqueous KOH solution were studied in the absence (silent) and presence of ultrasound (408 kHz, ∼54 W, 100% acoustic amplitude) at different electrolyte temperatures (T = 25, 40 and 60 °C). Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) experiments were performed to analyse the electrochemical behaviour of the Raney-Ni electrode under these conditions. Under silent conditions, it was found that the electrocatalytic activity of Raney-Ni towards the HER and the OER depends upon the electrolyte temperature, and higher current densities at lower overpotentials were achieved at elevated temperatures. It was also observed that the HER activity of Raney-Ni under ultrasonic conditions increased at low temperatures (e.g., 25 °C) while the ultrasonic effect on the OER was found to be insignificant. In addition, it was observed that the ultrasonic effect on both the HER and OER decreases by elevating the temperature. In our conditions, it is suggested that ultrasound enhances the electrocatalytic performance of Raney-Ni towards the HER due to principally the efficient gas bubble removal from the electrode surface and the dispersion of gas bubbles into the electrolyte, and this effect depends upon the behaviour of the hydrogen and oxygen gas bubbles in alkaline media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faranak Foroughi
- Hydrogen Energy and Sonochemistry Research Group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim NO-7491, Norway.
| | - Christian Immanuel Bernäcker
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Branch Lab Dresden, Winterbergstraße 28, Dresden 01277, Germany
| | - Lars Röntzsch
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Branch Lab Dresden, Winterbergstraße 28, Dresden 01277, Germany
| | - Bruno G Pollet
- Hydrogen Energy and Sonochemistry Research Group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim NO-7491, Norway; Green Hydrogen Lab (GH2Lab), Pollet Research Group, Hydrogen Research Institute, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada
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Gopi S, Vadivel S, Pinto LMC, Syed A, Kathiresan M, Yun K. Non-noble metal (Ni, Cu)-carbon composite derived from porous organic polymers for high-performance seawater electrolysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 289:117861. [PMID: 34343751 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The hydrothermal preparation of o-dianisidine and triazine interlinked porous organic polymer and its successive derivatisation via metal infusion (Ni, Cu) under hydrothermal and calcination conditions (700 °C) to yield pristine (ANIPOP-700) and Ni/Cu decorated porous carbon are described here (Ni-ANIPOP-700 and Cu-ANIPOP-700). To confirm their chemical and morphological properties, the as-prepared materials were methodically analyzed using solid state 13C and 15N NMR, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning and high resolution transmission electron microscopic techniques, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Furthermore, the electrocatalytic activities of these electrocatalysts were thoroughly investigated under standard oxygen evolution (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) conditions. The results show that all of the materials demonstrated significant activity in water splitting as well as displayed excellent stability (22 h) in both acidic (HER) and basic conditions (OER). Among the electrocatalysts reported in this study, Ni-ANIPOP-700 exhibited a lower overpotential η10 of 300 mV in basic medium (OER) and 150 mV in acidic medium (HER), as well as a lower Tafel slope of 69 mV/dec (OER) and 181 mV/dec (HER), indicating 30% lower energy requirement for overall water splitting. Gas chromatography was used to examine the electrolyzed products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivalingam Gopi
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, GyeongGi -Do, 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Selvamani Vadivel
- Centre of Excellence for Energy Storage Technology (CEST), Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong, 21210, Thailand
| | - Leandro M C Pinto
- Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, UFMS, 79074-460, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Murugavel Kathiresan
- CSIR - Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi, 630003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kyusik Yun
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, GyeongGi -Do, 13120, Republic of Korea.
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Feng X, Xiao Y, Huang HH, Wang Q, Wu J, Ke Z, Tong Y, Zhang J. Phytic Acid-Based FeCo Bimetallic Metal-Organic Gels for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:3213-3220. [PMID: 34411452 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Electrocatalysts have been developed to improve the efficiency of gas release for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and finding a simple and efficient method for efficient electrocatalysts has inspired research enthusiasm. Herein, we report bimetallic metal-organic gels derived from phytic acid (PA) and mixed transition metal ions to explore their performance in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction. PA is a natural phosphorus-rich organic compound, which can be obtained from plant seeds and grains. PA reacts with bimetallic ions (Fe3+ and Co2+ ) in a facile one-pot synthesis under mild conditions to form PA-FeCo bimetallic gels, and the corresponding aerogels are further partially reduced with NaBH4 to improve the electrocatalytic activity. Mixed valence states of Fe(II)/Fe(III) and Co(III)/Co(II) are present in the materials. Excellent OER performance in terms of overpotential (257 mV at 20 mA cm-2 ) and Tafel slope (36 mV dec-1 ) is achieved in an alkaline electrolyte. This reduction method is superior to the pyrolysis method by well maintaining the gel morphology structure. This strategy is conducive to the further improvement of the performance of metal-organic electrocatalysts, and provides guidance for the subsequent application of metal-organic gel electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Feng
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yali Xiao
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Hua Huang
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Qiushi Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jinyi Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yexiang Tong
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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15
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Karuppasamy K, Vikraman D, Hussain T, Hussain S, Bose R, Sivakumar P, Murthy AP, Alfantazi A, Kim HS. Ternary Zn 1-xNi xSe nanostructures as efficient photocatalysts for detoxification of hazardous Congo red, methyl orange, and chrome yellow dyes in wastewater sources. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111587. [PMID: 34181921 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water contamination by hazardous organic pollutants poses an extreme threat to the environment and globally endangers aquatic life and human health. Hence, the removal of toxic organic effluents from water sources is necessary to ensure a healthy green environment. To this end, a new class of emerging, visible-light-driven Zn- and Ni-based ternary metal-selenide (Zn1-xNixSe) nanophotocatalysts, with tunable nanostructures via regulation of the stoichiometric ratios of Zn and Ni, were synthesized for efficient water purification by a facile one-pot hydrothermal process. These catalysts exhibit outstanding porous properties, with large surface areas and average particle sizes of around 80 ± 10 nm. The as-prepared ternary Zn1-xNixSe catalysts enable improved optical properties, intrinsic conductivity, bandgap reductions, and large numbers of active sites compared with pristine materials, thereby exhibiting outstanding degradation properties against various dye molecules, including Congo red, methyl orange, and chrome-IV upon visible light irradiation. The improved photodegradation capabilities of the Zn1-xNixSe catalysts may be attributed to the synergistic combinations of Zn and Ni selenides, which in turn minimize the recombination rates of the photogenerated carriers compared to their individual constituents. These findings clearly demonstrate that the proposed ternary Zn1-xNixSe catalysts could be potentially used to remove toxic organic contaminants from industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Karuppasamy
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Dhanasekaran Vikraman
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Tassawar Hussain
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Ranjith Bose
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Periyasamy Sivakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Arun Prasad Murthy
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Akram Alfantazi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Su J, Zhuang L, Zhang S, Liu Q, Zhang L, Hu G. Single atom catalyst for electrocatalysis. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.03.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Martini BK, Maia G. Using a combination of Co, Mo, and Pt oxides along with graphene nanoribbon and MoSe2 as efficient catalysts for OER and HER. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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18
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Xiao Y, Wang W, Li T, Mao Y, Liu C. Onion-like Core-shell Ni@C supported on carbon nanotubes decorated with low Pt as a superior electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Pang L, Miao Y, Bhange SN, Barras A, Addad A, Roussel P, Amin MA, Kurungot S, Szunerits S, Boukherroub R. Enhanced electrocatalytic activity of PtRu/nitrogen and sulphur co-doped crumbled graphene in acid and alkaline media. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 590:154-163. [PMID: 33524716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The low mass activity and high price of pure platinum (Pt)-based catalysts predominantly limit their large-scale utilization in electrocatalysis. Therefore, the reduction of Pt amount while preserving the electrocatalytic efficiency represents a viable alternative. In this work, we prepared new PtRu2 nanoparticles supported on sulphur and nitrogen co-doped crumbled graphene with trace amounts of iron (PtRu2/PF) electrocatalysts. The PtRu2/PF catalysts exhibited enhanced electrocatalytic performance and stability for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at pH = 0. Moreover, the prepared PtRu2/PF electrocatalyst displayed higher HER activity than commercial 20% Pt/C. The PtRu2/PF catalyst achieved a current density of 10 mA cm-2 at an overpotential value of only 22 mV for HER, performing better activity than many other Pt-based electrocatalysts. Besides, the PtRu2/PF revealed a good performance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. The PtRu2/PF catalyst recorded a current density of 10 mA cm-2 at an overpotential of only 270 mV for OER in KOH (1.0 M) solution and an onset potential of 0.96 V vs. RHE (at 1 mA cm-2) for ORR in KOH (0.1 M) solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuqing Pang
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Yuanyuan Miao
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Siddheshwar N Bhange
- Physical & Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Alexandre Barras
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Ahmed Addad
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8207 - UMET, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Pascal Roussel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, ENSCL, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR8181, UCCS-Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Mohammed A Amin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, 11566 Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sreekumar Kurungot
- Physical & Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sabine Szunerits
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Rabah Boukherroub
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520, IEMN, F-59000 Lille, France.
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20
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Yan X, Huang S, Yang F, Sun S, Zhang G, Jiang B, Zhang B, Che S, Yang W, Li Y. Enhanced catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction performance of highly dispersed Ni2P nanoparticles supported by P-doped porous carbon. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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21
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Bharath G, Hai A, Rambabu K, Pazhanivel T, Hasan SW, Banat F. Designed assembly of Ni/MAX (Ti 3AlC 2) and porous graphene-based asymmetric electrodes for capacitive deionization of multivalent ions. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:129048. [PMID: 33248725 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of aquatic ecosystems by fluoride and heavy metal ions constitute an environmental hazard and has been proven to be harmful to human health. This study explores the feasibility of using asymmetric capacitive deionization (CDI) electrodes to remove such toxic ions from wastewater. An asymmetric CDI cell was fabricated using 2D Ni/MAX as an anode and 3D porous reduced graphene oxide (pRGO) as a cathode for the electrosorption of F-, Pb2+, and As(III) ions. A simple microwave process was used for the synthesis of Ni/MAX composite using fish sperm DNA (f-DNA) as a cross-linker between MAX nanosheets (NSs) and the metallic Ni nanoparticles (NPs). Further, pRGO anode was prepared through effective reduction of RGO using lemon juice as green reducing agent with the assist of f-DNA as a structure-directing agent for the formation of 3D network. With this tailored nanoarchitecture, pRGO and Ni/MAX electrodes exhibited a high specific capacitance of 760 and 385 F g-1, respectively. The fabricated Ni/MAX and pRGO based CDI system demonstrated a high electrosorption capacity of 68, 76, and 51 mg g-1 for the monovalent F-, divalent Pb2+, and trivalent As(III) ions at 1.4 V in neutral pH. Furthermore, Ni/MAX//pRGO system was successfully applied for the removal of total F(T), Pb(T), and As(T) ions from real industrial wastewater and contaminated groundwater. The present findings indicate that the fabricated Ni/MAX//pRGO electrode has excellent electrochemical properties that can be exploited for the removal of anionic and cationic metal ions from aqueous solutions in a CDI based system.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bharath
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Abdul Hai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - K Rambabu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - T Pazhanivel
- Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shadi W Hasan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fawzi Banat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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22
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Momeni BZ, Anari SK, Torrei M, Janczak J. Crystal exploring, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and properties of 4′‐(furan‐2‐yl)‐2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine complexes of nickel (II): New precursors for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maryam Torrei
- Faculty of Chemistry K.N. Toosi University of Technology Tehran Iran
| | - Jan Janczak
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research Polish Academy of Sciences Wrocław Poland
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23
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Divyasri YV, Lakshmana Reddy N, Lee K, Sakar M, Navakoteswara Rao V, Venkatramu V, Shankar MV, Gangi Reddy NC. Optimization of N doping in TiO 2 nanotubes for the enhanced solar light mediated photocatalytic H 2 production and dye degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 269:116170. [PMID: 33321309 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report the optimization of nitrogen (N) doping in TiO2 nanotubes to achieve the enhanced photocatalytic efficiencies in degradation of dye and H2 gas evolution under solar light exposure. TiO2 nanotubes have been produced via hydrothermal process and N doping has been tuned by varying the concentration of urea, being the source for N, by solid-state dispersion process. The structural analysis using XRD showed the characteristic occupancy of N into the structure of TiO2 and the XPS studies showed the existence of Ti-N-Ti network in the N-doped TiO2 nanotubes. The obtained TEM images showed the formation of 1D tube-like structure of TiO2. Diffuse reflectance UV-Vis absorption spectra demonstrated that the N-doped TiO2 nanotubes can efficiently absorb the photons of UV-Vis light of the solar light. The optimized N-doped TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2 nanotubes vs urea @ 1:1 ratio) showed the highest degradation efficiency over methyl orange dye (∼91% in 90 min) and showed the highest rate of H2 evolution (∼19,848 μmol h-1.g-1) under solar light irradiation. Further, the recyclability studies indicated the excellent stability of the photocatalyst for the durable use in both the photocatalytic processes. The observed efficiency was ascribed to the optimized doping of N-atoms into the lattices of TiO2, which enhanced the optical properties by forming new energy levels of N atoms near the valence band maximum of TiO2, thereby increased the overall charge separation and recombination resistance in the system. The improved reusability of photocatalyst is attributed to the doping-induced structural stability in N-doped TiO2. From the observed results, it has been recognized that the established strategy could be promising for synthesizing N-doped TiO2 nanotubes with favorable structural, optical and photocatalytic properties towards dye degradation and hydrogen production applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nagappagari Lakshmana Reddy
- Department of Energy Chemical Engineering, School of Nano & Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 2559 Gyeongsang-daero, 37224, Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyoung Lee
- Department of Energy Chemical Engineering, School of Nano & Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 2559 Gyeongsang-daero, 37224, Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - M Sakar
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Bangalore, 562 112, Karnataka, India
| | - Vempuluru Navakoteswara Rao
- Nanocatalysis and Solar Fuels Research Laboratory, Department of Materials Science & Nanotechnology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516 005, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Vemula Venkatramu
- Department of Physics, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516 005, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Physics, Krishna University Dr. MRAR PG Centre, Nuzvid, 521 201, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Muthukonda Venkatakrishnan Shankar
- Nanocatalysis and Solar Fuels Research Laboratory, Department of Materials Science & Nanotechnology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, 516 005, Andhra Pradesh, India
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24
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Su Y, Liu J, Zhong J, Zhang C, Li Q, Li A, Zhang Y, Jiang H, Qiao S. Cobalt disulfide supported on porous carbon foam as a high performance hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03487a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An excellent cobalt disulfide–carbon foam composite catalyst was synthesized by a hydrothermal method for the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Su
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Jinxin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Jinling Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Power Electronics for Energy Conservation and Motor Drive of Hebei Province, Department of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Cuicui Zhang
- Shijiazhuang People's Medical College, Shijiazhuang 050000, China
| | - Qing Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Aijun Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Yantao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Haichao Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Shanlin Qiao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
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25
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Lee SJ, Yu Y, Jung HJ, Naik SS, Yeon S, Choi MY. Efficient recovery of palladium nanoparticles from industrial wastewater and their catalytic activity toward reduction of 4-nitrophenol. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:128358. [PMID: 33182147 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Discharge of heavy metals from various sources of industrial wastewater poses significant environmental and health concerns. Thus, efficient recovery of precious metals from wastewater employing sustainable, rapid, and cost-effective treatment methods is highly desirable. In this work, palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) were successfully recovered from industrial wastewater using a pulsed laser process in the absence of additives or reducing agents. Notably, the developed approach is faster and more environmentally friendly than other conventional recovery methods. The recovered Pd NPs were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Various pulsed laser parameters (i.e., laser wavelength, power, and irradiation time) were optimized to obtain ideal conditions for the pulsed laser ablation process. Effective recovery of the Pd metal from industrial wastewater was achieved at a laser wavelength of 355 nm, power of 40 mJ/pulse, and irradiation time of 30 min. The Pd NPs exhibited excellent catalytic activity toward the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Thus, the recovered materials showed remarkable potential for application in degradation of toxic aromatic nitro compounds in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jun Lee
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR) and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Yiseul Yu
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR) and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Jin Jung
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Center (Electronic Convergence Division), Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & Technology, 101 Soho-ro, Jinju, 52851, South Korea
| | - Shreyanka Shankar Naik
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR) and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Sanghun Yeon
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR) and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea
| | - Myong Yong Choi
- Department of Chemistry (BK21 FOUR) and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828, South Korea.
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26
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Lu S, Wu J, Hu H, Pan X, Hu Z, Li H, Zhu H, Duan F, Du M. Boosting oxygen evolution through phase and electronic modulation of highly dispersed tungsten carbide with nickel doping. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 585:258-266. [PMID: 33296729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Exploring efficient, stable, and earth-abundant electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great significance for clean and renewable energy conversion technologies. In this work, in situ uniform Ni-doped tungsten carbide (Ni/WCX) nanoparticles (~3 nm) on carbon nanofibers (Ni/WCX-CNFs) that were to function as efficient OER catalysts were developed. Both the composition and electronic state of tungsten carbide (WCX: W-WC-W2C) could be regulated through varied Ni coupling. Owing to the synergistic effect between Ni and WCX, the reaction kinetics were facilitated, resulting in improved OER activity with low overpotentials of η10 = 350 mV (modified glassy carbon electrode) and η10 = 335 mV (self-supporting electrode). This work opens a facile territory for the development of cost-effective and highly promising OER electrocatalysts for use in real life applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Junjie Wu
- Nantong Cellulose Fibers Co., LTD, Nantong 226300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingxing Pan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenbin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huining Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Han Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Duan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingliang Du
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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27
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Pollet BG, Foroughi F, Faid AY, Emberson DR, Islam MH. Does power ultrasound (26 kHz) affect the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on Pt polycrystalline electrode in a mild acidic electrolyte? ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 69:105238. [PMID: 32623347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the effects of power ultrasound (26 kHz, up to ∼75 W/cm2, up to 100% acoustic amplitude, ultrasonic horn) on the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on a platinum (Pt) polycrystalline disc electrode in 0.5 M H2SO4 by cyclic and linear sweep voltammetry at 298 K. We also studied the formation of molecular hydrogen (H2) bubbles on a Pt wire in the absence and presence of power ultrasound using ultra-fast camera imaging. It was found that ultrasound significantly increases currents towards the HER i.e. a ∼250% increase in current density was achieved at maximum ultrasonic power. The potential at a current density of -10 mA/cm2 under silent conditions was found to be -46 mV and decreased to -27 mV at 100% acoustic amplitude i.e. a ΔE shift of ∼+20 mV, indicating the influence of ultrasound on improving the HER activity. A nearly 100% increase in the exchange current density (jo) and a 30% decrease in the Tafel slope (b) at maximum ultrasonic power, was observed in the low overpotential region, although in the high overpotential region, the Tafel slopes (b) were not significantly affected when compared to silent conditions. In our conditions, ultrasound did not greatly affect the "real" surface area (Ar) and roughness factor (R) i.e. the microscopic surface area available for electron transfer. Overall, it was found that ultrasound did not dramatically change the mechanism of HER but instead, increased currents at the Pt surface area through effective hydrogen bubble removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno G Pollet
- Hydrogen Energy and Sonochemistry Research Group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Faranak Foroughi
- Hydrogen Energy and Sonochemistry Research Group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alaa Y Faid
- Electrochemistry Research Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Sciences. Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - David R Emberson
- Combustion Kinetics Group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Md H Islam
- Hydrogen Energy and Sonochemistry Research Group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Chen Q, Nie Y, Ming M, Fan G, Zhang Y, Hu JS. Sustainable synthesis of supported metal nanocatalysts for electrochemical hydrogen evolution. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(20)63652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Fang Y, Sun D, Niu S, Cai J, Zang Y, Wu Y, Zhu L, Xie Y, Liu Y, Zhu Z, Mosallanezhad A, Niu D, Lu Z, Shi J, Liu X, Rao D, Wang G, Qian Y. Orbital-regulated interfacial electronic coupling endows Ni3N with superior catalytic surface for hydrogen evolution reaction. Sci China Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-020-9839-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Ma Y, Zhou G, Liu Z, Xu L, Sun D, Tang Y. Electronic structural regulation of CoP nanorods by the tunable incorporation of oxygen for enhanced electrocatalytic activity during the hydrogen evolution reaction. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14733-14738. [PMID: 32618988 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03685d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of cost-effective and highly efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is of great significance for realizing sustainable H2 production. As previously proposed, anion incorporation in promising earth-abundant transition metal-based electrocatalysts could be a reasonable and competitive approach to regulate the electronic structure with optimized atomic hydrogen adsorption and desorption for enhanced intrinsic electrocatalytic performance during the HER. Herein, we present the rational design and fabrication of O-incorporated CoP (expressed as O-CoP) nanorods with a controllable component and electronic structure. As demonstrated, when the lattice-incorporated O is at an appropriate concentration, the engineered O-CoP nanocatalysts have more active sites exposed with an increased number of electrochemically active areas and better electron/ion conductivity, leading to boosted HER activity and running stability. Typically, the obtained O-CoP nanorods with an optimal oxygen content exhibit excellent HER activity with an overpotential of 116 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 and a small Tafel slope of 59 mV dec-1 in alkaline media. This anion doping strategy may make a widespread contribution to the efficient engineering of electrocatalysts for energy conversion devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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31
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Satra J, Ghorui UK, Mondal P, Bhadu GR, Adhikary B. One pot solvent assisted syntheses of Ag 3SbS 3 nanocrystals and exploring their phase dependent electrochemical behavior toward oxygen reduction reaction and visible light induced methanol oxidation reaction. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9464-9479. [PMID: 32602491 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01012j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A huge variety of silver based ternary sulfide semiconductors (SCs) have been considered for the sustainable advancement of renewable energy sources. Herein, we have synthesized two important classes of newly emerging semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) Ag3SbS3 (SAS), i.e. hexagonal and monoclinic by simply tuning the solvent polarity, of which the second one has been synthesized in a phase pure NC for the first time by the thermal decomposition of silver and antimony based dithiocarbamate (∼N-CS2-M) complexes. Interestingly, these two systems exhibit two different semiconducting (SC) properties and band gaps; hexagonal SAS has a p type (Eg ∼ 1.65 eV) whereas monoclinic SAS has an n type (Eg ∼ 2.1 eV) character. For the first time ever we have designed a reducing working electrode (i.e. cathode) by modifying the rotating disc electrode (RDE) with hexagonal SAS that exhibits excellent electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity (Eonset = 1.09 V vs. RHE and average number of electron transfer: 3.89) comparable to that of the highly expensive Pt/C (Eonset = 0.88 V vs. RHE and average number of electron transfer: 3.92). Density functional theory (DFT) investigation confirms the corroborations of experimental data with theoretical implications. In addition, the electrode fabricated from monoclinic SAS acts as an efficient photoanode which exhibits higher photoelectrochemical (PEC) methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) activity under illumination in alkaline medium compared to that of standard TiO2 grown on an indium tin oxide (ITO) coated glass slide. On illumination, the relative photocurrent density at the onset potential has been obtained to be 845 which is a very significant experimental output with respect to any other TiO2 or Pt@TiO2 based photocatalysts for this application. The physicochemical stability and reusability of both materials were supported by 50 hours of extended electrochemical chronoamperometric measurements and powder XRD and the TEM analyses after electrocatalysis. This study explores a possible pathway for designing simple and less expensive but catalytically efficient silver based ternary sulfide NC systems for developing an SC material to reduce the energy crisis in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jit Satra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, West Bengal, India.
| | - Uday Kumar Ghorui
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, West Bengal, India.
| | - Papri Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, West Bengal, India.
| | - Gopala Ram Bhadu
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Science Division and Centralized Instrument Facility, Gijubhai Badheka Marg, Bhavnagar 364021, Gujarat, India
| | - Bibhutosh Adhikary
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, West Bengal, India.
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Theerthagiri J, Madhavan J, Lee SJ, Choi MY, Ashokkumar M, Pollet BG. Sonoelectrochemistry for energy and environmental applications. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 63:104960. [PMID: 31986327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.104960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Sonoelectrochemistry is the study of the effects and applications of ultrasonic waves on electrochemical processes. The integration of ultrasound and electrochemistry offers many advantages: fast reaction rates, enhanced surface activation, and increased mass transport at an electrode. Significant progress has been made in advancing basic and applied aspects of sonoelectrochemical techniques, which are herein reviewed by addressing the development and applications of sonoelectrochemical processes in energy and environmental areas. This review examines the experimental procedures that are used in various sonoelectrochemical techniques generally used for the synthesis of energy related materials (e.g., fuel cell electrocatalysts and materials for hydrogen production) and for the degradation of various organic compounds/pollutants. The challenges that remain for the sonoelectrochemical production of energy materials, the degradation of organic pollutants, and their associated reaction pathway mechanism(s) are also discussed. This review also highlights the significant improvements made to date. The provided information in this review may be helpful to scientists working in the research areas of environmental remediation, energy exploitation and exploration, as well as synthetic process-oriented research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaraman Theerthagiri
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Jagannathan Madhavan
- Solar Energy Lab, Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore 632 115, India
| | - Seung Jun Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Myong Yong Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea.
| | - Muthupandian Ashokkumar
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville Campus, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Bruno G Pollet
- Hydrogen Energy and Sonochemistry Research Group, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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Facile synthesis of Nafion-supported Pt nanoparticles with ultra-low loading as a high-performance electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 566:505-512. [PMID: 32044097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.10.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
x%Pt-Naf-CV (Pt-Nafion-Cyclic Voltammetry) catalysts with homogeneously distributed platinum nanoparticles and ultra-low Pt loading are successfully synthesized by using a facile potential cycling approach. The as-synthesized 0.8%Pt-Naf-CV catalyst exhibits an enhanced electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, which obtains a low overpotential of 34 mV at 10 mA cm-2. The linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) curve of 0.8%Pt-Naf-CV catalyst is almost consistent with that of commercial Pt/C. However, the 0.8%Pt-Naf-CV catalyst displays a more excellent stability and durability in comparison with commercial Pt/C. Besides, the Pt loading of Pt/C (Pt-10 wt%) is about 10 times that of 0.8%Pt-Naf-CV catalyst. The improved electrocatalytic performances are derived from the synergistic effects of Pt and Nafion. The Nafion plays a significant role as a dispersant, carrier and structure directing agent on the morphology and size of the Pt catalyst. This result contributes a promising method to enhance the catalytic activity and reduce the amount of Pt.
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Zhang H, Su J, Zhao K, Chen L. Recent Advances in Metal‐Organic Frameworks and Their Derived Materials for Electrocatalytic Water Splitting. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKunming University of Science and Technology Kunming, Yunnan 650093 P.R. China
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201 P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Su
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P.R. China
| | - Kunyu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringKunming University of Science and Technology Kunming, Yunnan 650093 P.R. China
| | - Liang Chen
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & EngineeringChinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P.R. China
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Generating highly active Ni11(HPO3)8(OH)6/Mn3O4 catalyst for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction by electrochemical activation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 560:714-721. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.10.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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