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Krasian T, Wangkawong K, Punyodom W, Manokruang K, Somsunan R, Jantrawut P, Rachtanapun P, Jantanasakulwong K, Punyamoonwongsa P, Srithep Y, Worajittiphon P. A MAX phase (Ti 3AlC 2) as a performance enhancer for poly(lactic acid) electrospun membranes in steam generation and solar desalination. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132380. [PMID: 38754656 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Clean water and sanitation issues motivate researchers to develop water evaporators for freshwater generation. The composite membrane evaporator was electrospun herein based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and Ti3AlC2 MAX phase as a property enhancer. As a precursor for the MXenes synthesis, the MAX phase has never been explored with PLA for water evaporator potential. Alternative use of the MAX phase can reduce the production cost arising from chemical synthesis. This work explored the potential of the MAX phase as an additive to enhance PLA membrane performance for steam generation and desalination applications. Under the infrared irradiation (∼1.0 kW/m2), the mechanically-improved PLA/MAX phase membrane showed an enhanced water evaporation rate of 1.70 kg/m2 h (93.93 % efficiency), with an approximately 52 % rate increment relative to the PLA membrane. Based on the artificial seawater (3.5 % w/w), the membrane exhibited an evaporation rate of 1.60 kg/m2 h (87.57 % efficiency). The membrane showed self-floating ability at the air-water interface, excellent thermal stability over the entire operating temperatures, and reusability after repeated cycles. Moreover, the generated freshwater contained exceptionally low cations concentrations, as low as those in potable water. The developed composite membrane also had proved its potential for solar desalination in the water generation field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharnthip Krasian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kanlayawat Wangkawong
- Department of Basic Science and Physical Education, Faculty of Science at Sriracha, Kasetsart University Sriracha Campus, Chonburi 20230, Thailand
| | - Winita Punyodom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Kiattikhun Manokruang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Runglawan Somsunan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Division of Packaging Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Division of Packaging Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | | | - Yottha Srithep
- Manufacturing and Materials Research Unit, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, Thailand
| | - Patnarin Worajittiphon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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Krasian T, Punyodom W, Molloy R, Topham PD, Tighe BJ, Mahomed A, Chaiwarit T, Panraksa P, Rachtanapun P, Jantanasakulwong K, Worajittiphon P. Low cytotoxicity, antibacterial property, and curcumin delivery performance of toughness-enhanced electrospun composite membranes based on poly(lactic acid) and MAX phase (Ti 3AlC 2). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:129967. [PMID: 38316324 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
MXenes, synthesized from their precursor MAX phases, have been extensively researched as additives to enhance the drug delivery performance of polymer matrices, whereas there is a limited number of previous reports on the use of MAX phases themselves for such applications. The use of MAX phases can exclude the complicated synthesis procedure and lessen resultant production and environmental costs required to convert MAX phases to MXenes. Herein, electrospun membranes of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and a MAX phase (Ti3AlC2) have been fabricated for curcumin delivery. The composite membrane exhibits significantly higher toughness (8.82 MJ m-3) than the plasticized PLA membrane (0.63 MJ m-3) with low cytotoxicity, supporting proliferation of mouse fibroblast L929 cells. The curcumin-loaded composite membrane exhibits high water vapor transmission (∼7350 g m-2 day-1), porosity (∼85 %), water wettability, and antibacterial properties against E. coli and S. aureus. Seven-day curcumin release is enhanced from 45 % (PLA) to 67 % (composite) due to curcumin diffusion from the polymer fibers and MAX phase surface that contributes to overall increased curcumin adsorption and release sites. This work demonstrates the potential of the MAX phase to enhance both properties and curcumin delivery, promising for other eco-friendly systems for sustainable drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharnthip Krasian
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Winita Punyodom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Robert Molloy
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Paul D Topham
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Brian J Tighe
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Anisa Mahomed
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Aston Triangle, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK
| | - Tanpong Chaiwarit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pattaraporn Panraksa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Pornchai Rachtanapun
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Division of Packaging Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Division of Packaging Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Patnarin Worajittiphon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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Ali AA, Safi IN. Impact of nano-cellulose fiber addition on physico-mechanical properties of room temperature vulcanized maxillofacial silicone material. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2023; 18:1616-1626. [PMID: 37711757 PMCID: PMC10497998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Maxillofacial silicone is used to restore abnormalities due to congenital or acquired causes. However, the quality of silicone is far from ideal. This study was aimed at assessing the influence of the addition of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs; several nanometers in diameter and 2-5 μm long) on the physical and mechanical characteristics of maxillofacial silicone elastomers. Methods Two CNF weight percentages (0.5% and 1%) were tested, and 180 specimens were divided into one control and two experimental groups. Each group was subdivided into six subgroups. In each subgroup, ten specimens subjected to each of the following tests: tearing strength, Shore-A hardness, tensile strength, elongation percentage, surface roughness, and color stability. The samples were additionally analyzed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electronic microscopy (FESEM). Results The 0.5% CNF group, compared with the control group, exhibited highly significantly greater tearing strength, elongation percentage, hardness Shore-A, and surface roughness, and substantially greater tensile strength. However, color stability did not significantly differ between groups.The 1% CNF group showed significantly greater Shore-A hardness, tear strength, color stability, and surface roughness, and insignificantly lower tensile strength and percentage elongating values, than the control group. FESEM imaging revealed good CNF dispersion. The FTIR spectra indicated that CNFs interacted with silicone through surface functional hydroxyl groups. Conclusion Addition of 0.5 wt. % CNF to silicone elastomers increased the material's mechanical tensile strength, tear strength, elongation percentage, and hardness as long as it stayed within the acceptable range for clinical use. Surface roughness increased in direct proportion to the amount of nanofibers added. Moreover, addition of 0.5 wt. % CNF to silicone polymers had insignificant effects on color stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Abdulrazzaq Ali
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ihab Nabeel Safi
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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Han WH, Wang QY, Kang YY, Shi LR, Long Y, Zhou X, Hao CC. Cross-linking electrospinning. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15513-15551. [PMID: 37740390 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03956k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Although electrospinning (e-spinning) has witnessed rapid development in recent years, it has also been criticized by environmentalists due to the use of organic solvents. Therefore, aqueous e-spinning (green e-spinning) is considered a more attractive technique. However, considering the poor water resistance and mechanical properties of electrospun (e-spun) nanofibers, cross-linking is a perfect solution. In this review, we systematically discuss the cross-linking e-spinning system for the first time, including cross-linking strategies (in situ, liquid immersion, vapor, and spray cross-linking), cross-linking mechanism (physical and chemical cross-linking) of e-spun nanofibers, and the various applications (e.g., tissue engineering, drug delivery, water treatment, food packaging, and sensors) of cross-linked e-spun nanofibers. Among them, we highlight several cross-linking methods, including UV light cross-linking, electron beam cross-linking, glutaraldehyde (and other commonly used cross-linking agents) chemical cross-linking, thermal cross-linking, and enzymatic cross-linking. Finally, we confirm the significance of cross-linking e-spinning and reveal the problems in the construction of this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Han
- Institute of Advanced Electrical Materials, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
- Shandong Engineering Research Center of Green and High-Value Marine Fine Chemical, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang 262700, China
| | - Qing-Yu Wang
- Institute of Advanced Electrical Materials, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
| | - Yuan-Yi Kang
- Institute of Advanced Electrical Materials, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
| | - Li-Rui Shi
- Institute of Advanced Electrical Materials, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
| | - Yu Long
- Institute of Advanced Electrical Materials, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
| | - Xin Zhou
- Institute of Advanced Electrical Materials, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
| | - Chun-Cheng Hao
- Institute of Advanced Electrical Materials, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China.
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Wu Y, Liu Z, Wu H, Zhang K, Liu Q. Electrospinning Evolution Derived from TRIZ Theory for Directly Writing Patterned Nanofibers. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3091. [PMID: 37514480 PMCID: PMC10385866 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanofibers (NFs) have the advantages of tremendous flexibility, small size and a high surface-to-weight ratio and are widely used in sensors, drug carriers and filters. Patterned NFs have expanded their application fields in tissue engineering and electronics. Electrospinning (ES) is widely used to prepare nonwoven NFs by stretching polymer solution jets with electric forces. However, patterned NFs cannot be easily fabricated using ordinary ES methods: the process gradually deteriorates them as repulsion effects between the deposited NFs and the incoming ones increase while residual charges in the fibers accumulate. Repulsion effects are unavoidable because charges in the polymer solution jets are the fundamental forces that are meant to stretch the jets into NFs. TRIZ theory is an effective innovation method for resolving conflicts and eliminating contradictions. Based on the material-field model and the contradiction matrix of TRIZ theory, we propose a strategy to improve ES devices, neutralizing the charges retained in NFs by alternating the current power of the correct frequency, thus successfully fabricating patterned NFs with clear boundaries and good continuity. This study demonstrates a strategy for resolving conflicts in innovation processes based on TRIZ theory and fabricating patterned NFs for potential applications in flexible electronics and wearable sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Wu
- Aircraft Manufacturing School of Sichuan Aerospace Vocational College, Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Zhanghong Liu
- Aircraft Manufacturing School of Sichuan Aerospace Vocational College, Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Hongtao Wu
- Aircraft Manufacturing School of Sichuan Aerospace Vocational College, Chengdu 610100, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Yibin Industrial Technology Research Institute of Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Qingjie Liu
- Aircraft Manufacturing School of Sichuan Aerospace Vocational College, Chengdu 610100, China
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Lee JW, Song KH. Fibrous hydrogels by electrospinning: Novel platforms for biomedical applications. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231191881. [PMID: 37581121 PMCID: PMC10423451 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231191881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels, hydrophilic and biocompatible polymeric networks, have been used for numerous biomedical applications because they have exhibited abilities to mimic features of extracellular matrix (ECM). In particular, the hydrogels engineered with electrospinning techniques have shown great performances in biomedical applications. Electrospinning techniques are to generate polymeric micro/nanofibers that can mimic geometries of natural ECM by drawing micro/nanofibers from polymer precursors with electrical forces, followed by structural stabilization of them. By exploiting the electrospinning techniques, the fibrous hydrogels have been fabricated and utilized as 2D/3D cell culture platforms, implantable scaffolds, and wound dressings. In addition, some hydrogels that respond to external stimuli have been used to develop biosensors. For comprehensive understanding, this review covers electrospinning processes, hydrogel precursors used for electrospinning, characteristics of fibrous hydrogels and specific biomedical applications of electrospun fibrous hydrogels and highlight their potential to promote use in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Woo Lee
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hoon Song
- Department of Nano-Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Research Center of Brain-Machine Interface, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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Massaglia G, Quaglio M. 3D Composite PDMS/MWCNTs Aerogel as High-Performing Anodes in Microbial Fuel Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4335. [PMID: 36500961 PMCID: PMC9736451 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Porous 3D composite materials are interesting anode electrodes for single chamber microbial fuel cells (SCMFCs) since they exploit a surface layer that is able to achieve the correct biocompatibility for the proliferation of electroactive bacteria and have an inner charge transfer element that favors electron transfer and improves the electrochemical activity of microorganisms. The crucial step is to fine-tune the continuous porosity inside the anode electrode, thus enhancing the bacterial growth, adhesion, and proliferation, and the substrate's transport and waste products removal, avoiding pore clogging. To this purpose, a novel approach to synthetize a 3D composite aerogel is proposed in the present work. A 3D composite aerogel, based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as a conductive filler, was obtained by pouring this mixture over the commercial sugar, used as removable template to induce and tune the hierarchical continuous porosity into final nanostructures. In this scenario, the granularity of the sugar directly affects the porosities distribution inside the 3D composite aerogel, as confirmed by the morphological characterizations implemented. We demonstrated the capability to realize a high-performance bioelectrode, which showed a 3D porous structure characterized by a high surface area typical of aerogel materials, the required biocompatibility for bacterial proliferations, and an improved electron pathway inside it. Indeed, SCMFCs with 3D composite aerogel achieved current densities of (691.7 ± 9.5) mA m-2, three orders of magnitude higher than commercial carbon paper, (287.8 ± 16.1) mA m-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Massaglia
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies@ POLITO, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 10100 Torino, Italy
| | - Marzia Quaglio
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Center for Sustainable Future Technologies@ POLITO, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 10100 Torino, Italy
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Kianfar P, Nguyen Trieu H, Dalle Vacche S, Tsantilis L, Bongiovanni R, Vitale A. Solvent-free electrospinning of liquid polybutadienes and their in-situ photocuring. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhang M, Jiang S, Li M, Wang N, Liu L, Liu L, Ge A. Superior stable, hydrophobic and multifunctional nanocellulose hybrid aerogel via rapid UV induced in-situ polymerization. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 288:119370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Maccaferri E, Mazzocchetti L, Benelli T, Brugo TM, Zucchelli A, Giorgini L. Self-Assembled NBR/Nomex Nanofibers as Lightweight Rubbery Nonwovens for Hindering Delamination in Epoxy CFRPs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:1885-1899. [PMID: 34939406 PMCID: PMC8763375 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Still today, concerns regarding delamination limit the widespread use of high-performance composite laminates, such as carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs), to replace metals. Nanofibrous mat interleaving is a well-established approach to reduce delamination. However, nanomodifications may strongly affect other laminate thermomechanical properties, especially if achieved by integrating soft materials. Here, this limitation is entirely avoided by using rubbery nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR)/Nomex mixed nanofibers: neither laminate stiffness nor glass-transition temperature (Tg) lowering occurs upon CFRP nanomodification. Stable noncrosslinked nanofibers with up to 60% wt of NBR were produced via single-needle electrospinning, which were then morphologically, thermally, spectroscopically, and mechanically characterized. NBR and Nomex disposition in the nanofiber was investigated via selective removal of the sole rubber fraction, revealing the formation of particular self-assembled structures resembling quasi-core-shell nanofibers or fibril-like hierarchical structures, depending on the applied electrospinning conditions (1.10 and 0.20 mL/h, respectively). Mode I and Mode II loading tests show a significant improvement of the interlaminar fracture toughness of rubbery nanofiber-modified CFRPs, especially GI (up to +180%), while GII enhancement is less pronounced but still significant (+40% in the best case). The two nanofibrous morphologies (quasi-core-shell and fibril-like ones) improve the delamination resistance differently, also suggesting that the way the rubber is located in the nanofibers plays a role in the toughening action. The quasi-core-shell nanofiber morphology provides the best reinforcing action, besides the highest productivity. By contrast, pure Nomex nanofibers dramatically worsen the interlaminar fracture toughness (up to -70% in GI), acting as a release film. The achieved delamination resistance improvements, combined with the retention of both the original laminate stiffness and Tg, pave the way to the extensive and reliable application of NBR/Nomex rubbery nanofibrous mats in composite laminates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Maccaferri
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Mazzocchetti
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical
Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Tiziana Benelli
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical
Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Tommaso Maria Brugo
- Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical
Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Department
of Industrial Engineering, University of
Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Zucchelli
- Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical
Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Department
of Industrial Engineering, University of
Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Loris Giorgini
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Interdepartmental
Center for Industrial Research on Advanced Applications in Mechanical
Engineering and Materials Technology, CIRI-MAM, University of Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 2, 40136 Bologna, Italy
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Fredi G, Kianfar P, Dalle Vacche S, Pegoretti A, Vitale A. Electrospun Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Materials Based on Photo-Crosslinked Polyethylene Oxide. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2979. [PMID: 34503019 PMCID: PMC8434372 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phase change materials (PCMs) in the form of fibers or fibrous mats with exceptional thermal energy storage ability and tunable working temperature are of high interest to produce smart thermoregulating textiles, useful for increasing human thermal comfort while avoiding energy waste. Common organic PCMs suffer from instability in their molten state, which limits their applicability as highly performing fibrous systems. In this work, electrospun fibrous mats made of polyethylene oxide (PEO), a PCM with excellent thermal properties and biocompatibility, were fabricated and their shape instability in the molten state was improved through UV photo-crosslinking. The characterization aimed to assess the performance of these shape-stable electrospun mats as nanofibrous PCMs for thermal management applications. In addition to an enhanced resistance to water-based solvents, UV-cured electrospun PEO mats demonstrated a remarkable latent heat (≈112 J/g), maintained over 80 heating/cooling cycles across the phase change temperature. Moreover, their morphological stability above their melting point was demonstrated both macroscopically and microscopically, with the retention of the initial nanofibrous morphology. Tensile mechanical tests demonstrated that the UV crosslinking considerably enhanced the ultimate properties of the fibrous mat, with a five-fold increase in both the tensile strength (from 0.15 MPa to 0.74 MPa) and the strain at break (from 2.5% to 12.2%) compared to the uncrosslinked mat. In conclusion, the photo-crosslinked electrospun PEO material exhibited high thermal properties and good shape stability without displaying leakage; accordingly, in the proposed PCM system, the necessity for encapsulation or use of a supporting layer has been eliminated. Photo-crosslinking thus proved itself as an effective, fast, and environmentally friendly method to dramatically improve the shape-stability of nanofibrous PEO electrospun mats for smart thermoregulating textiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fredi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy;
- INSTM—University of Trento Research Unit, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Parnian Kianfar
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (P.K.); (S.D.V.)
| | - Sara Dalle Vacche
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (P.K.); (S.D.V.)
- INSTM—Politecnico di Torino Research Unit, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pegoretti
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy;
- INSTM—University of Trento Research Unit, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vitale
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy; (P.K.); (S.D.V.)
- INSTM—Politecnico di Torino Research Unit, 50121 Firenze, Italy
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Photoinduced Processes as a Way to Sustainable Polymers and Innovation in Polymeric Materials. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13142293. [PMID: 34301050 PMCID: PMC8309236 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoinduced processes have gained considerable attention in polymer science and have greatly implemented the technological developments of new products. Therefore, a large amount of research work is currently developed in this area: in this paper we illustrate the advantages of a chemistry driven by light, the present perspectives of the technology, and summarize some of our recent research works, honoring the memory of Prof. Aldo Priola who passed away in March 2021 and was one of the first scientists in Italy to contribute to the field.
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Chen H, Huang M, Liu Y, Meng L, Ma M. Functionalized electrospun nanofiber membranes for water treatment: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 739:139944. [PMID: 32535464 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) have high porosity, high specific surface area and unique interconnected structure. It has huge advantages and potential in the treatment and recycling of wastewater. In addition, ENMs can be easily functionalized by combining multifunctional materials to achieve different water treatment effects. Based on this, this review summarizes the preparation of functionalized ENMs and its detailed application in the field of water treatment. First, the process and influence factors of electrospinning process are introduced. ENMs with high porosity, thin and small fiber diameter have better performance. Secondly, the modification methods of ENMs are analyzed. Pre-electrospinning and post-electrospinning modification technology can prepare specific functionalized ENMs. Subsequently, functionalized ENMs show water treatment capabilities such as separation, adsorption, photocatalysis, and antimicrobial. Subsequently, the application of functionalized ENMs in water treatment capabilities such as separation, adsorption, photocatalysis, and antimicrobial capabilities were listed. Finally, we also made some predictions about the future development direction of ENMs in water treatment, and hope this article can provide some clues and guidance for the research of ENMs in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haisheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Aerospace Kaitian Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Changsha 410100, China
| | - Manhong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Yanbiao Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lijun Meng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Mengdie Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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Xu X, Ren S, Li L, Zhou Y, Peng W, Xu Y. Biodegradable engineered fiber scaffolds fabricated by electrospinning for periodontal tissue regeneration. J Biomater Appl 2020; 36:55-75. [PMID: 32842852 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220952250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Considering the specificity of periodontium and the unique advantages of electrospinning, this technology has been used to fabricate biodegradable tissue engineering materials for functional periodontal regeneration. For better biomedical quality, a continuous technological progress of electrospinning has been performed. Based on property of materials (natural, synthetic or composites) and additive novel methods (drug loading, surface modification, structure adjustment or 3 D technique), various novel membranes and scaffolds that could not only relief inflammation but also influence the biological behaviors of cells have been fabricated to achieve more effective periodontal regeneration. This review provides an overview of the usage of electrospinning materials in treatments of periodontitis, in order to get to know the existing research situation and find treatment breakthroughs of the periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanwen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China *These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Shuangshuang Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China *These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Lu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China *These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Yi Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China *These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Wenzao Peng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China *These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Yan Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China *These authors contributed equally to this article
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