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Wang Y, Qiao Z, Li H, Zhang R, Xiang Z, Cao D, Wang S. Molecular Engineering for Modulating Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution of Fully Conjugated 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404726. [PMID: 38622997 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have recently shown great potential for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Currently almost all reports are focused on two-dimensional (2D) COFs, while the 3D counterparts are rarely explored due to their non-conjugated frameworks derived from the sp3 carbon based tetrahedral building blocks. Here, we rationally designed and synthesized a series of fully conjugated 3D COFs by using the saddle-shaped cyclooctatetrathiophene derivative as the building block. Through molecular engineering strategies, we thoroughly discussed the influences of key factors including the donor-acceptor structure, hydrophilicity, specific surface areas, as well as the conjugated/non-conjugated structures on their photocatalytic hydrogen evolution properties. The as-synthesized fully conjugated 3D COFs could generate the hydrogen up to 40.36 mmol h-1 g-1. This is the first report on intrinsic metal-free 3D COFs in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution application. Our work provides insight on the structure design of 3D COFs for highly-efficient photocatalysis, and also reveals that the semiconducting fully conjugated 3D COFs could be a useful platform in clear energy-related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zelong Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Han Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Dapeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
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2
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Zhao J, Tan X, He Y, Yuan R, Wang S, Chen S. Host-Guest Recognition-Mediated Supramolecular Aggregation-Induced Electrochemiluminescence of Iridium(III) Complexes for Nucleic Acid Bioassay. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6218-6227. [PMID: 38598863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Currently reported aggregation-induced electroluminescence (AIECL) is usually based on the electrostatic integration of luminous monomers, and its application is still limited by the low ECL efficiency and poor structural stability of electrostatic integration-based AIECL emitters. Herein, host-guest recognition-mediated supramolecular AIECL was creatively developed to overcome the defects of electrostatic-integration-based AIECL. Cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) as the host recognized tris (2-phenylpyridine) iridium(III) [Ir(ppy)3] as the guest to form a novel supramolecular complex Ir-CB[8]. CB[8] can not only provide a large hydrophobic cavity to efficiently load Ir(ppy)3 and enrich coreactant tripropylamine but also utilize its carbonyl-laced portals to form intramolecular hydrogen bonds to stabilize the supramolecular structure, so Ir-CB[8] revealed excellent AIECL performance. The AIECL emitter Ir-CB[8] coupled the efficient DNA walker to construct a sensing system for miRNA-16 detection. Au nanoparticles@norepinephrine (AuNPs@NE) trapped by single-strand S1 was developed to significantly quench the ECL emission of Ir-CB[8]. When the target microRNA-16 (miRNA-16) existed, H1 was opened and the sequential assembly from H2 to H7 was triggered, forming "windmill"-like DNA walker with six Pb2+-dependent leg DNA. The assembled DNA walker, which was centered on DNA structure, had high efficiency and biocompatibility and can cut S1 to keep the DNA fragment-carrying quencher AuNPs@NE away from the electrode surface, thus restoring the ECL emission of Ir-CB[8] and realizing ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-16. Supramolecular AIECL mediated by host-guest recognition provides a new way for constructing AIECL emitters with excellent structural stability and AIECL efficiency, and an Ir-CB[8] coupling "windmill"-like DNA walker builds a promising ECL-sensing system for bioassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xingrong Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, 9 th People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400700, PR China
| | - Ying He
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Shentang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Shihong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
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Aladwan AA, Qaroush AK, Eftaiha AF, Hammad SB, Al-Qaisi FM, Assaf KI, Repo T. POPs to COFs by post-modification: CO 2 chemisorption and dissolution. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2456-2464. [PMID: 38426340 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob02054a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Porous organic polymers (POPs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are hierarchical nano materials with variable applications. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a post-modified, non-renewable, DMSO-soluble M-POP/1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) upon atmospheric H2O/CO2 trapping after 48 h, forming a DBUH+·HCO3- adduct, as verified by solution carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) spectroscopy. The success of the post-modification resulting from aldehyde enriched POPs was proven spectroscopically. The accessible functional group was reacted with excess monoethanolamine (MEA) resulting in the formation of M-POP. Away from CO2 physisorption, only few examples have been reported on the chemisorption process. One such example is the ethylene diamine-functionalized E-COF, capable of capturing CO2via carbamation. This was evidenced by several qualitative measurements including colorimetry and conductivity, which showed an unprecedented water solubility for a 2D COF material. The crystallinity of COFs as a result of post-modification was proven by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayham A Aladwan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
| | - Abdussalam K Qaroush
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
| | - Ala'a F Eftaiha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Suhad B Hammad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
| | - Feda M Al-Qaisi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Khaleel I Assaf
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Timo Repo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I.Virtasen aukio 1, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Zhao X, Sun J, Cheng X, Qiu Q, Ma G, Jiang C, Pan J. Colloidal 2D Covalent Organic Framework-Tailored Nanofiltration Membranes for Precise Molecular Sieving. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:53924-53934. [PMID: 37938868 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with tunable pore sizes and ordered structures are ideal materials for engineering nanofiltration (NF) membranes. However, most of the COFs prepared by solvothermal synthesis are unprocessable powders and fail to form well-structured membranes, which seriously hinders the development of COF NF membranes. Herein, colloidal 2D-COFs with processable membrane formation ability were synthesized by oil-in-water emulsion interfacial polymerization technology. COF NF membranes with tailored thickness and surface charge were fabricated via a layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly strategy. The prepared COF NF membrane achieved precise sieving of dye molecules with high permeance (85 L·m-2·h-1·bar-1). In this work, the strategy of prepared COF NF membranes based on colloid 2D-COF LBL assembly is proposed for the first time, which provides a new idea for the on-demand design and preparation of COF membranes for precise molecular sieving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Jinshan Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xinhao Cheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Qiu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Guangming Ma
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Chunyu Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Jiefeng Pan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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5
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Yin C, Yan ZA, Ma X. A supramolecular assembly strategy towards organic luminescent materials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13421-13433. [PMID: 37877212 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04051h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular organic luminescent materials with different dimensionalities usually exhibit different optical properties as well as their potential applications in various fields. Recent reports showed that non-covalent interactions are useful tools to obtain diverse luminescent materials due to their dynamicity and reversibility, including π-π stacking, host-guest interactions, hydrophobic effects, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic effects and so on. In this review, we summarized recent progress in zero-, one-, two-, three-dimensional and disordered organic luminescent materials using the aforementioned strategies, in order to provide a solution for designing luminescent materials with specific structures and morphologies. The relationship between assembly behavior and luminescent properties is discussed in detail, along with the existing difficulties hindering the development of supramolecular assembly systems and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjia Yin
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
| | - Zi-Ang Yan
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
| | - Xiang Ma
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Meilong Road 130, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China.
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6
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Porous organic polymers: a progress report in China. Sci China Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1475-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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7
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Gao ZZ, Shen L, Hu YL, Sun JF, Wei G, Zhao H. Supramolecular Crystal Networks Constructed from Cucurbit[8]uril with Two Naphthyl Groups. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010063. [PMID: 36615258 PMCID: PMC9822147 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Naphthyl groups are widely used as building blocks for the self-assembly of supramolecular crystal networks. Host-guest complexation of cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) with two guests NapA and Nap1 in both aqueous solution and solid state has been fully investigated. Experimental data indicated that double guests resided within the cavity of Q[8], generating highly stable homoternary complexes NapA2@Q[8] and Nap12@Q[8]. Meanwhile, the strong hydrogen-bonding and π···π interaction play critical roles in the formation of 1D supramolecular chain, as well as 2D and 3D networks in solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Zheng Gao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwangang Road, Qingdao 266590, China
- Correspondence: (Z.-Z.G.); (J.-F.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Lei Shen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwangang Road, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Yu-Lu Hu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwangang Road, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Ji-Fu Sun
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwangang Road, Qingdao 266590, China
- Correspondence: (Z.-Z.G.); (J.-F.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Gang Wei
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Mineral Resources, P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, NSW 2070, Australia
| | - Hui Zhao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, 579 Qianwangang Road, Qingdao 266590, China
- Correspondence: (Z.-Z.G.); (J.-F.S.); (H.Z.)
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8
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Xia N, Han J, Xie F, Gong G, Wang L, Wang J, Chen S. Construction of Halogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks (XOFs) as Novel Efficient Iodinating Agents. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:43621-43627. [PMID: 36099250 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The structural diversity and the various applications of organic frameworks have attracted much attention in recent years. Recently, halogen-bonded organic frameworks (XOFs) became a novel member of these materials, thereby facilitating the exploration of the interesting structures as well as functions. Here we present two types of [N···I+···N] connected XOFs (XOF-TPy and XOF-TPEB) with two tridentate ligands as building blocks. XOF-TPy and XOF-TPEB were characterized by 1H NMR, UV-vis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), IR, SEM, and HR-TEM. Two-dimensional (2D) structural models were established based on powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data and theoretical simulations. Further experiment showed that these XOFs were excellent iodinating agents for the substituted arylboronic acids with either the electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups upon heating without any catalyst. This research not only brings further understanding to the XOFs but also extends the applications of XOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xia
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Jixin Han
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Fei Xie
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230029, China
| | - Guanfei Gong
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Lu Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Jike Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Shigui Chen
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, 299 Bayi Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
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9
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Li ZT, Yu SB, Liu Y, Tian J, Zhang DW. Supramolecular Organic Frameworks: Exploring Water-Soluble, Regular Nanopores for Biomedical Applications. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:2316-2325. [PMID: 35916446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In past decades, regular porous architectures have received a great amount of attention because of their versatile functions and applications derived from their efficient adsorption of various guests. However, most reported porous architectures exist only in the solid state. Therefore, their applications as biomaterials may face several challenges, such as phase separation, slow degradation, and long-term accumulation in the body. This Account summarizes our efforts with respect to the development and biomedical applications of water-soluble 3D diamondoid supramolecular organic frameworks (dSOFs), a family of supramolecular polymers that possess intrinsic regular nanoscale porosity.dSOFs have been constructed from tetratopic components and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) through hydrophobically driven encapsulation by CB[8] for intermolecular dimers formed by peripheral aromatic subunits of the tetratopic components in water. All dSOFs exhibit porosity regularity or periodicity in aqueous solution, which is confirmed by solution-phase synchrotron SAXS and XRD experiments. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) reveals that their sizes range from 50 to 150 nm, depending on the concentrations of the components. As nonequilibrium supramolecular architectures, dSOFs can maintain their nanoscale sizes at micromolar concentrations for dozens of hours. Their diamondoid pores have aperture sizes ranging from 2.1 to 3.6 nm, whereas their water solubility and porosity regularity allow them to rapidly include discrete guests driven by ion-pair electrostatic attraction, hydrophobicity, or a combination of the two interactions. The guests may be small molecule or large macromolecular drugs, photodynamic agents (PDAs), or DNA.The rapid inclusion of bioactive guests into dSOFs has led to two important biofunctions. The first is to function as antidotes through including residual drugs. For heparins, the inclusion results in full neutralization of their anticoagulant activity. For clinically used porphyrin PDAs, the inclusion can alleviate their long-term posttreatment phototoxicity but does not reduce their photodynamic efficacy. The second is to function as in situ loading carriers for the intracellular delivery of antitumor drugs or DNA. Their nanoscale sizes bring out their ability to overcome the multidrug resistance of tumor cells, which leads to a remarkable enhancement of the bioactivity of the included drugs. By conjugating aldoxorubicin to tetrahedral components, albumin-mimicking prodrugs have also been constructed, which conspicuously improves the efficacy of aldoxorubicin toward multi-drug-resistant tumors through the delivery of the frameworks. As new supramolecular drugs and carriers, dSOFs are generally biocompatible. Thus, further efforts might lead to medical benefits in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.,Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shang-Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yamin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jia Tian
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
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Zhao H, Chen WJ, Chen H, Sun JF, Gao ZZ. Stimuli-responsive supramolecular dye inclusion complex constructed by self-assembly of inverted cucurbit[7]uril and thioflavin T. Supramol Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2022.2109471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Jie Chen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ji-Fu Sun
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong-Zheng Gao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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11
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Zhao H, Shen FF, Sun JF, Gao ZZ. Cucurbit[8]uril-controlled [2 + 2] photodimerization of styrylpyridinium molecule. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Liu Y, Wang ZK, Gao ZZ, Zong Y, Sun JD, Zhou W, Wang H, Ma D, Li ZT, Zhang DW. Porous organic polymer overcomes the post-treatment phototoxicity of photodynamic agents and maintains their antitumor efficiency. Acta Biomater 2022; 150:254-264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Photoresponsive Metal-Organic Frameworks as Adjustable Scaffolds in Reticular Chemistry. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137121. [PMID: 35806126 PMCID: PMC9266399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The easy and remote switching of light makes this stimulus an ideal candidate for a large number of applications, among which the preparation of photoresponsive materials stands out. The interest of several scientists in this area in order to achieve improved functionalities has increase parallel to the growth of the structural complexity of these materials. Thus, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) turned out to be ideal scaffolds for light-responsive ligands. This review is focused on the integration of photoresponsive organic ligands inside MOF crystalline arrays to prepare enhanced functional materials. Besides the summary of the preparation, properties and applications of these materials, an overview of the future outlook of this research area is provided.
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Lin F, Yu SB, Liu YY, Liu CZ, Lu S, Cao J, Qi QY, Zhou W, Li X, Liu Y, Tian J, Li ZT. Porous Polymers as Universal Reversal Agents for Heparin Anticoagulants through an Inclusion-Sequestration Mechanism. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2200549. [PMID: 35499202 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heparins are widely used anticoagulants for surgical procedures and extracorporeal therapies. However, all of them have bleeding risks. Protamine sulfate, the only clinically approved antidote for unfractionated heparin (UFH), has adverse effects. Moreover, protamine can only partially neutralize low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) and is not effective for fondaparinux. Here, an inclusion-sequestration strategy for efficient neutralization of heparin anticoagulants by cationic porous supramolecular organic frameworks (SOFs) and porous organic polymers (POPs) is reported. Isothermal titration calorimetric and fluorescence experiments show strong binding affinities of these porous polymers toward heparins, whereas dynamic light scattering and zeta potential analysis confirm that the heparin sequences are adsorbed into the interior of the porous hosts. Activated partial thromboplastin time, anti-FXa, and thromboelastography assays indicate that their neutralization efficacies are higher than or as high as that of protamine for UFH and generally superior to protamine for LMWHs and fondaparinux, which is further confirmed by tail-transection model in mice and ex vivo aPTT or anti-FXa analysis in rats. Acute toxicity evaluations reveal that one of the SOFs displays outstanding biocompatibility. This work suggests that porous polymers can supply safe and rapid reversal of clinically used heparins, as protamine surrogates, providing an improved approach for their neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Shang-Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Zhi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Lu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Jin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Qiao-Yan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Jia Tian
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
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15
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Li Y, Yan C, Li Q, Cao L. Successive construction of cucurbit[8]uril-based covalent organic frameworks from a supramolecular organic framework through photochemical reactions in water. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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17
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Liu S, Su Q, Qi W, Luo K, Sun X, Ren H, Wu Q. Highly hydrophilic covalent organic frameworks as efficient and reusable photocatalysts for oxidative coupling of amines in aqueous solution. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00167e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Highly hydrophilic 2D-COFs, TFB-XX-DMTH, have been successfully constructed by a three-component in situ assembly strategy and exhibited superior photocatalytic performance in oxidative coupling reactions of benzylamines in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufang Liu
- College of chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qing Su
- College of chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wei Qi
- College of chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Kexin Luo
- College of chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoman Sun
- College of chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Hao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Qiaolin Wu
- College of chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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18
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Lei Z, Li Q, Sun JD, Wang ZK, Wang H, Li ZT, Zhang DW. A cucurbit[8]uril-stabilized 3D charge transfer supramolecular polymer with a remarkable confinement effect for enhanced photocatalytic proton reduction and thioether oxidation. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01939b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A water-soluble porous supramolecular polymer is assembled through a CB[8]-based 2 + 2 host–guest binding motif, which can greatly increase the efficiency of photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Lei
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jian-Da Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ze-Kun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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19
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Yu SB, Lin F, Tian J, Yu J, Zhang DW, Li ZT. Water-soluble and dispersible porous organic polymers: preparation, functions and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 51:434-449. [PMID: 34931205 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00862e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Porous organic polymers (POPs) have attracted increasing attention and emerged as a new research area in polymer chemistry. During the past decade, the intense desirability for application in aqueous scenarios has spawned the development of a specific class of POPs, i.e., water-soluble or dispersible porous organic polymers (WS-POPs) that can allow the implementation of porosity-based functions in aqueous media. In this Tutorial Review, aiming at providing a practical guide to this area, we will discuss recent advances in the preparation of WS-POPs through covalent/dynamic covalent, coordination and supramolecular approaches. As a result of their intrinsic and well-defined porosity, diverse topological architectures as well as unique water-processable features, many water-soluble/dispersible POPs have been demonstrated to exhibit potential for various applications, which include drug, DNA and protein delivery, bioimaging, photocatalysis, explosive detection and membrane separation. We will also highlight the related function of the representative structures. Finally, we provide our perspective for the future research, with a focus on the development of new structures and biofunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Bo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (SIOC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Furong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (SIOC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jia Tian
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (SIOC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Junlai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (SIOC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China. .,Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
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20
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Zhang J, Sun J, Yang B, Gao Z. Constructing Synergistic Covalent and Supramolecular Polymers by Combining Photodimerization with Host‐guest Interactions. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology 579 Qianwangang Road Qingdao 266590 PR China
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg UMR 7177 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg 1 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Ji‐Fu Sun
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology 579 Qianwangang Road Qingdao 266590 PR China
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Zhong‐Zheng Gao
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology 579 Qianwangang Road Qingdao 266590 PR China
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21
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Ahmed I, Jhung SH. Covalent organic framework-based materials: Synthesis, modification, and application in environmental remediation. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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22
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Verma P, Le Brocq JJ, Raja R. Rational Design and Application of Covalent Organic Frameworks for Solar Fuel Production. Molecules 2021; 26:4181. [PMID: 34299457 PMCID: PMC8304392 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Harnessing solar energy and converting it into renewable fuels by chemical processes, such as water splitting and carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction, is a highly promising yet challenging strategy to mitigate the effects arising from the global energy crisis and serious environmental concerns. In recent years, covalent organic framework (COF)-based materials have gained substantial research interest because of their diversified architecture, tunable composition, large surface area, and high thermal and chemical stability. Their tunable band structure and significant light absorption with higher charge separation efficiency of photoinduced carriers make them suitable candidates for photocatalytic applications in hydrogen (H2) generation, CO2 conversion, and various organic transformation reactions. In this article, we describe the recent progress in the topology design and synthesis method of COF-based nanomaterials by elucidating the structure-property correlations for photocatalytic hydrogen generation and CO2 reduction applications. The effect of using various kinds of 2D and 3D COFs and strategies to control the morphology and enhance the photocatalytic activity is also summarized. Finally, the key challenges and perspectives in the field are highlighted for the future development of highly efficient COF-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Verma
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;
| | | | - Robert Raja
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK;
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23
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Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline porous organic polymers built from covalent organic blocks that can be photochemically active when incorporating organic semiconducting units, such as triazine rings or diacetylene bridges. The bandgap, charge separation capacity, porosity, wettability, and chemical stability of COFs can be tuned by properly choosing their constitutive building blocks, by extension of conjugation, by adjustment of the size and crystallinity of the pores, and by synthetic post-functionalization. This review focuses on the recent uses of COFs as photoactive platforms for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), in which usually metal nanoparticles (NPs) or metallic compounds (generally Pt-based) act as co-catalysts. The most promising COF-based photocatalytic HER systems will be discussed, and special emphasis will be placed on rationalizing their structure and light-harvesting properties in relation to their catalytic activity and stability under turnover conditions. Finally, the aspects that need to be improved in the coming years will be discussed, such as the degree of dispersibility in water, the global photocatalytic efficiency, and the robustness and stability of the hybrid systems, putting emphasis on both the COF and the metal co-catalyst.
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24
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Yang B, Zhang JW, Yu SB, Wang ZK, Zhang PQ, Yang XD, Qi QY, Yang GY, Ma D, Li ZT. A self-assembled framework that interpenetrates in crystal but does not interpenetrate in solution. Sci China Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-021-1012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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25
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Mavridi-Printezi A, Menichetti A, Guernelli M, Montalti M. Extending photocatalysis to the visible and NIR: the molecular strategy. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:9147-9159. [PMID: 33978040 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01401c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysis exploits light to perform important processes as solar fuel production by water splitting, and CO2 reduction or water and air decontamination. Therefore, photocatalysis contributes to the satisfaction of the increasing needs for clean energy, environmental remediation and, most recently, sanification. Most of the efficient semiconductor nanoparticles (NP), developed as photocatalysts, work in the ultraviolet (UV) spectral region and they are not able to exploit either visible (Vis) or near infrared (NIR) radiation. This limitation makes them unable to fully exploit the broad band solar radiaton or to be applied in indoor conditions. Recently, different approaches have been developed to extend the spectral activity of semiconductor NP, like for example band-gap engineering, integration with upconversion NP and plasmonic enhancement involving also hot-electron injection. Nevertheless, the use of organic molecules and metal complexes, for enhancing the photoactivity in the Vis and NIR, was one of the first strategies proposed for sensitization and it is still one of the most efficient. In this minireview we highlight and critically discuss the most recent and relevant achievements in the field of photocatalysis obtained by exploiting dye sensitization either via dynamic or static quenching.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arianna Menichetti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Moreno Guernelli
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Marco Montalti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
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26
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Wei W, Li R, Huber N, Kizilsavas G, Ferguson CTJ, Landfester K, Zhang KAI. Visible Light‐Promoted Aryl Azoline Formation over Mesoporous Organosilica as Heterogeneous Photocatalyst. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202002038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Wei
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Run Li
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Niklas Huber
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research 55128 Mainz Germany
| | | | | | | | - Kai A. I. Zhang
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research 55128 Mainz Germany
- Department of Materials Science Fudan University Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
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27
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Xu YY, Liu HK, Wang ZK, Song B, Zhang DW, Wang H, Li Z, Li X, Li ZT. Olive-Shaped Organic Cages: Synthesis and Remarkable Promotion of Hydrazone Condensation through Encapsulation in Water. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3943-3951. [PMID: 33599126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Two organic cages have been prepared in situ in water through the 2 + 3 hydrazone coupling of two pyridinium-derived trialdehydes and oxalohydrazide. The highly water-soluble cages encapsulate and solubilize linear neutral molecules. Such encapsulation has been applied for the promotion of both two- or three-component hydrazone condensation in water. For two-component reactions, the yields of the resulting monohydrazones are increased from 5-10 to 90-96%. For three-component reactions of hydrazinecarbohydrazide with 11 aromatic aldehydes, in the presence of the organic cages, the bihydrazone products can be produced in 88-96% yields. In contrast, without the promotion of the organic cages, 9 of the reactions do not afford the corresponding dihydrazone product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hong-Kun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ze-Kun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhiming Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
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28
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Hema K, Ravi A, Raju C, Sureshan KM. Polymers with advanced structural and supramolecular features synthesized through topochemical polymerization. Chem Sci 2021; 12:5361-5380. [PMID: 34168781 PMCID: PMC8179609 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc07066a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymers are an integral part of our daily life. Hence, there are constant efforts towards synthesizing novel polymers with unique properties. As the composition and packing of polymer chains influence polymer's properties, sophisticated control over the molecular and supramolecular structure of the polymer helps tailor its properties as desired. However, such precise control via conventional solution-state synthesis is challenging. Topochemical polymerization (TP), a solvent- and catalyst-free reaction that occurs under the confinement of a crystal lattice, offers profound control over the molecular structure and supramolecular architecture of a polymer and usually results in ordered polymers. In particular, single-crystal-to-single-crystal (SCSC) TP is advantageous as we can correlate the structure and packing of polymer chains with their properties. By designing molecules appended with suitable reactive moieties and utilizing the principles of supramolecular chemistry to align them in a reactive orientation, the synthesis of higher-dimensional polymers and divergent topologies has been achieved via TP. Though there are a few reviews on TP in the literature, an exclusive review showcasing the topochemical synthesis of polymers with advanced structural features is not available. In this perspective, we present selected examples of the topochemical synthesis of organic polymers with sophisticated structures like ladders, tubular polymers, alternating copolymers, polymer blends, and other interesting topologies. We also detail some strategies adopted for obtaining distinct polymers from the same monomer. Finally, we highlight the main challenges and prospects for developing advanced polymers via TP and inspire future directions in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuntrapakam Hema
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala, Vithura Thiruvananthapuram-695551 India
| | - Arthi Ravi
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala, Vithura Thiruvananthapuram-695551 India
| | - Cijil Raju
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala, Vithura Thiruvananthapuram-695551 India
| | - Kana M Sureshan
- School of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Maruthamala, Vithura Thiruvananthapuram-695551 India
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29
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Dai X, Dong X, Liu Z, Liu G, Liu Y. Controllable Singlet Oxygen Generation in Water Based on Cyclodextrin Secondary Assembly for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:5369-5379. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xianyin Dai
- Department College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoyun Dong
- Department College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhixue Liu
- Department College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Guoxing Liu
- Department College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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30
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Guan Q, Wang GB, Zhou LL, Li WY, Dong YB. Nanoscale covalent organic frameworks as theranostic platforms for oncotherapy: synthesis, functionalization, and applications. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:3656-3733. [PMID: 36132748 PMCID: PMC9419729 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00537a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer nanomedicine is one of the most promising domains that has emerged in the continuing search for cancer diagnosis and treatment. The rapid development of nanomaterials and nanotechnology provide a vast array of materials for use in cancer nanomedicine. Among the various nanomaterials, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are becoming an attractive class of upstarts owing to their high crystallinity, structural regularity, inherent porosity, extensive functionality, design flexibility, and good biocompatibility. In this comprehensive review, recent developments and key achievements of COFs are provided, including their structural design, synthesis methods, nanocrystallization, and functionalization strategies. Subsequently, a systematic overview of the potential oncotherapy applications achieved till date in the fast-growing field of COFs is provided with the aim to inspire further contributions and developments to this nascent but promising field. Finally, development opportunities, critical challenges, and some personal perspectives for COF-based cancer therapeutics are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Guan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Guang-Bo Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Le-Le Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Wen-Yan Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 P. R. China
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31
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Zhang YC, Xu ZY, Wang ZK, Wang H, Zhang DW, Liu Y, Li ZT. A Woven Supramolecular Metal-Organic Framework Comprising a Ruthenium Bis(terpyridine) Complex and Cucurbit[8]uril: Enhanced Catalytic Activity toward Alcohol Oxidation. Chempluschem 2020; 85:1498-1503. [PMID: 32644267 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of a diamondoid woven supramolecular metal-organic framework wSMOF-1 has been achieved from intertwined [Ru(tpy)2 ]2+ (tpy=2,2',6',2''-terpyridine) complex M1 and cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) in water, where the intermolecular dimers formed by the appended aromatic arms of M1 are encapsulated in CB[8]. wSMOF-1 exhibits ordered pore periodicity in both water and the solid state, as confirmed by a combination of 1 H NMR spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption, isothermal titration calorimetry, dynamic light scattering, small angle X-ray scattering and selected area electron diffraction experiments. The woven framework has a pore aperture of 2.1 nm, which allows for the free access of both secondary and primary alcohols and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Compared with the control molecule [Ru(tpy)2 ]Cl2 , the [Ru(tpy)2 ]2+ unit of wSMOF-1 exhibits a remarkably higher heterogeneous catalysis activity for the oxidation of alcohols by TBHP in n-hexane. For the oxidation of 1-phenylethan-1-ol, the yield of acetophenone was increased from 10 % to 95 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Yue Xu
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Kun Wang
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
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32
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Yang B, Wang H, Zhang D, Li Z. Water‐Soluble Three‐Dimensional
Polymers:
Non‐Covalent
and Covalent Synthesis and Functions
†. CHINESE J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202000085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University 100 Kexue Street Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University 2205 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University 2205 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Dan‐Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University 2205 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 China
| | - Zhan‐Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University 2205 Songhu Road Shanghai 200438 China
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33
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Jadhav T, Fang Y, Liu CH, Dadvand A, Hamzehpoor E, Patterson W, Jonderian A, Stein RS, Perepichka DF. Transformation between 2D and 3D Covalent Organic Frameworks via Reversible [2 + 2] Cycloaddition. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8862-8870. [PMID: 32311256 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the first transformation between crystalline vinylene-linked two-dimensional (2D) polymers and crystalline cyclobutane-linked three-dimensional (3D) polymers. Specifically, absorption-edge irradiation of the 2D poly(arylenevinylene) covalent organic frameworks (COFs) results in topological [2 + 2] cycloaddition cross-linking of the π-stacked layers in 3D COFs. The reaction is reversible, and heating to 200 °C leads to a cycloreversion while retaining the COF crystallinity. The resulting difference in connectivity is manifested in the change of mechanical and electronic properties, including exfoliation, blue-shifted UV-vis absorption, altered luminescence, modified band structure, and different acid-doping behavior. The Li-impregnated 2D and 3D COFs show a significant room-temperature ion conductivity of 1.8 × 10-4 S/cm and 3.5 × 10-5 S/cm, respectively. Even higher room-temperature proton conductivity of 1.7 × 10-2 S/cm and 2.2 × 10-3 S/cm was found for H2SO4-treated 2D and 3D COFs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaksen Jadhav
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Cheng-Hao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Afshin Dadvand
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Ehsan Hamzehpoor
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - William Patterson
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Antranik Jonderian
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Robin S Stein
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Dmitrii F Perepichka
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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Recent advances and applications of magnetic nanomaterials in environmental sample analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Lin JL, Wang ZK, Xu ZY, Wei L, Zhang YC, Wang H, Zhang DW, Zhou W, Zhang YB, Liu Y, Li ZT. Water-Soluble Flexible Organic Frameworks That Include and Deliver Proteins. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3577-3582. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Le Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ze-Kun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zi-Yue Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lei Wei
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yun-Chang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Dan-Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yue-Biao Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Zhan-Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China
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Haase F, Lotsch BV. Solving the COF trilemma: towards crystalline, stable and functional covalent organic frameworks. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8469-8500. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01027h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Strategies in covalent organic frameworks and adjacent fields are highlighted for designing stable, ordered and functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Haase
- Institute of Functional Interfaces
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
- 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
- Germany
| | - Bettina V. Lotsch
- Nanochemistry Department
- Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
- Department of Chemistry
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