1
|
Wu J, Liu Y, Kozlowski MC. Visible-light TiO 2-catalyzed synthesis of dihydrobenzofurans by oxidative [3 + 2] annulation of phenols with alkenyl phenols. Chem Sci 2024; 15:7150-7159. [PMID: 38756810 PMCID: PMC11095367 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00723a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
An oxidative strategy for the preparation of dihydrobenzofurans via heterogeneous photocatalysis is reported. This method leverages the surface interaction between the alkenyl phenol and the TiO2 solid surface, which enables direct activation by visible light without the need for pre-functionalization or surface modification. The resulting alkenyl phenoxyl radical is proposed to be selectively captured by a neutral phenol nucleophile, rendering β-5' coupling with excellent chemo- and regio-selectivity. The reaction proceeds under benign conditions, using an inexpensive, nontoxic, and recyclable photocatalyst under visible light irradiation with air as the terminal oxidant at room temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingze Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Yaning Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Marisa C Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Edelmann S, Lumb JP. A para- to meta-isomerization of phenols. Nat Chem 2024:10.1038/s41557-024-01512-1. [PMID: 38632366 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-024-01512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Phenols and their derivatives are ubiquitous in nature and critically important industrial chemicals. Their properties are intimately linked to the relative substitution pattern of the aromatic ring, reflecting well-known electronic effects of the OH group. Because of these ortho-, para-directing effects, meta-substituted phenols have historically been more difficult to synthesize. Here we describe a procedure to transpose phenols that hinges on a regioselective diazotization of the corresponding ortho-quinone. The procedure affords the meta-substituted phenol directly from its more common and accessible para-substituted isomer, and demonstrates good chemoselectivity that enables its application in late-stage settings. By changing the electronic effect of the OH group and its trajectory of hydrogen bonding, our transposition can be used to diversify natural products and existing chemical libraries, and potentially shorten the length and cost of producing underrepresented arene isomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Edelmann
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Philip Lumb
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bone KI, Puleo TR, Bandar JS. Direct C-H Hydroxylation of N-Heteroarenes and Benzenes via Base-Catalyzed Halogen Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9755-9767. [PMID: 38530788 PMCID: PMC11006572 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Hydroxylated (hetero)arenes are valued in many industries as both key constituents of end products and diversifiable synthetic building blocks. Accordingly, the development of reactions that complement and address the limitations of existing methods for the introduction of aromatic hydroxyl groups is an important goal. To this end, we apply base-catalyzed halogen transfer (X-transfer) to enable the direct C-H hydroxylation of mildly acidic N-heteroarenes and benzenes. This protocol employs an alkoxide base to catalyze X-transfer from sacrificial 2-halothiophene oxidants to aryl substrates, forming SNAr-active intermediates that undergo nucleophilic hydroxylation. Key to this process is the use of 2-phenylethanol as an inexpensive hydroxide surrogate that, after aromatic substitution and rapid elimination, provides the hydroxylated arene and styrene byproduct. Use of simple 2-halothiophenes allows for C-H hydroxylation of 6-membered N-heteroarenes and 1,3-azole derivatives, while a rationally designed 2-halobenzothiophene oxidant extends the scope to electron-deficient benzene substrates. Mechanistic studies indicate that aromatic X-transfer is reversible, suggesting that the deprotonation, halogenation, and substitution steps operate in synergy, manifesting in unique selectivity trends that are not necessarily dependent on the most acidic aryl position. The utility of this method is further demonstrated through streamlined target molecule syntheses, examples of regioselectivity that contrast alternative C-H hydroxylation methods, and the scalable recycling of the thiophene oxidants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kendelyn I. Bone
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Thomas R. Puleo
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Bandar
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhao BY, Jia Q, Wang YQ. Synthesis of meta-carbonyl phenols and anilines. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2415. [PMID: 38499520 PMCID: PMC10948751 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenols and anilines are of extreme importance for medicinal chemistry and material science. The development of efficient approaches to prepare both compounds has thus long been a vital research topic. The utility of phenols and anilines directly reflects the identity and pattern of substituents on the benzenoid ring. Electrophilic substitutions remain among the most powerful synthetic methods to substituted phenols and anilines, yet in principle achieving ortho- and para-substituted products. Therefore, the selective preparation of meta-substituted phenols and anilines is the most significant challenge. We herein report an efficient copper-catalyzed dehydrogenation strategy to exclusively synthesize meta-carbonyl phenols and anilines from carbonyl substituted cyclohexanes. Mechanistic studies indicate that this transformation undergoes a copper-catalyzed dehydrogenation/allylic hydroxylation or amination/oxidative dehydrogenation/aromatization cascade process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Yin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, School of Foreign Languages, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Qiong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, School of Foreign Languages, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Yong-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, School of Foreign Languages, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Du X, Liu Y, Shen X. Protocol for the preparation and application of CeO 2-CuO catalysts in the decarboxylative oxidation reaction of benzoic acids to phenols. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:102871. [PMID: 38310511 PMCID: PMC10847777 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenolic chemicals are important building blocks in chemical and material industries. In this protocol, we describe the preparation of CeO2-CuO catalysts and the application in the decarboxylative oxidation reaction of benzoic acids to phenols. Furthermore, we describe how to modify the basic sites of CeO2-CuO catalysts by CO2 treatment to increase the selectivity of phenol and the regeneration process of used catalyst. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Du et al. (2023).1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinze Du
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yumei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Xiaojun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Brufani G, Di Erasmo B, Li CJ, Vaccaro L. Csp 2-H functionalization of phenols: an effective access route to valuable materials via Csp 2-C bond formation. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3831-3871. [PMID: 38487228 PMCID: PMC10935747 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00687a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In the vast majority of top-selling pharmaceutical and industrial products, phenolic structural motifs are highly prevalent. Non-functionalized simple phenols serve as building blocks in the synthesis of value-added chemicals. It is worth mentioning that lignin, being the largest renewable biomass source of aromatic building blocks in nature, mainly consists of phenolic units, which enable the production of structurally diverse phenols. Given their remarkable applicability in the chemical value chain, many efforts have been devoted to increasing the molecular complexity of the phenolic scaffold. Among the key techniques, direct functionalization of Csp2-H is a powerful tool, enabling the construction of new Csp2-C bonds in an economical and atomic manner. Herein we present and summarize the large plethora of direct Csp2-H functionalization methods that enables scaffold diversification of simple, unprotected phenols, leading to the formation of new Csp2-C bonds. In this review article, we intend to summarize the contributions that appeared in the literature mainly in the last 5 years dealing with the functionalization of unprotected phenols, both catalytic and non-catalytic. Our goal is to highlight the key findings and the ongoing challenges in the stimulating and growing research dedicated to the development of new protocols for the valorization of phenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Brufani
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C., Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia Via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy https://greensoc.chm.unipg.it
| | - Benedetta Di Erasmo
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C., Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia Via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy https://greensoc.chm.unipg.it
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A0B8 Canada
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry, FRQNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University 801 Sherbrooke Street West Montreal QC H3A0B8 Canada
| | - Luigi Vaccaro
- Laboratory of Green S.O.C., Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Perugia Via Elce di Sotto 8 06123 Perugia Italy https://greensoc.chm.unipg.it
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cai X, Ding D, Zhao S, Wen S, Zhang G, Bai P, Zhang W, Song H, Xu C. Zwitterionic Aqua Palladacycles with Noncovalent Interactions for meta-Selective Suzuki Coupling of 3,4-Dichlorophenol and 3,4-Dichlorobenzyl Alcohol in Water. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:2313-2321. [PMID: 38112695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The site-selective reaction of substrates with multiple reactive sites has been a focus of the current synthetic chemistry. The use of attractive noncovalent interactions between the catalyst and substrate is emerging as a versatile approach to address site-selectivity challenges. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of palladacycles, to control meta-selective Suzuki coupling of 3,4-dichlorophenol and 3,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol. Noncovalent interactions directed zwitterionic aqua palladacycles catalyzed meta-selective Suzuki couplings of 3,4-dichloroarenes bearing hydroxyl in water have been developed. Experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that the electrostatic interactions play a critical role in meta-selective coupling of 3,4-dichlorophenol, while meta-selective coupling of 3,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol arises due to the hydrogen-bonding interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingwei Cai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Danli Ding
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Shangxun Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuo Wen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Guihong Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengtao Bai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001 Henan, China
| | - Heng Song
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology. Zhenjiang 212003 Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dong K, Zhao YL, Jin XL, Liu Q. Indole-Fused Benzoxepine Synthesis via Visible-Light-Driven Aerobic Dehydrogenative [5 + 2] Annulation. Org Lett 2023; 25:8258-8262. [PMID: 37955358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
A photocatalyzed oxidative dehydrogenative annulation between 2-(1H-indol-2-yl)phenols and alkenylphenols is presented. Various indole-fused benzoxepines can be obtained at room temperature using atom-efficient strategies. This method not only avoids the use of stoichiometric amounts of oxidants but also exhibits excellent atom economy by generating H2O as the only theoretical byproduct.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yi-Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kuribara T, Kaneki A, Mihara Y, Yuba H, Nemoto T. Scandium-Catalyzed Phenol-Directed Construction of 5-Carbonyl-4-hydroxybenzofurans via Intramolecular Friedel-Crafts Reaction. Org Lett 2023; 25:7890-7894. [PMID: 37882510 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Herein we report a scandium-catalyzed regioselective synthesis of 5-carbonyl-4-hydroxybenzofurans via a phenol-directed intramolecular Friedel-Crafts reaction. This synthetic method was applied for the total synthesis of furanoflavones. Experimental studies and density functional theory calculations suggest that hydrogen bond interactions between the phenolic hydroxy group and the scandium complex realize regioselective intramolecular cyclization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Kuribara
- Institute for Advanced Academic Research, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Ayahito Kaneki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Yuma Mihara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Honoka Yuba
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Guria S, Hassan MMM, Ma J, Dey S, Liang Y, Chattopadhyay B. A tautomerized ligand enabled meta selective C-H borylation of phenol. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6906. [PMID: 37903772 PMCID: PMC10616221 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42310-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Remote meta selective C-H functionalization of aromatic compounds remains a challenging problem in chemical synthesis. Here, we report an iridium catalyst bearing a bidentate pyridine-pyridone (PY-PYRI) ligand framework that efficiently catalyzes this meta selective borylation reaction. We demonstrate that the developed concept can be employed to introduce a boron functionality at the remote meta position of phenols, phenol containing bioactive and drug molecules, which was an extraordinary challenge. Moreover, we have demonstrated that the method can also be applied for the remote C6 borylation of indole derivatives including tryptophan that was the key synthetic precursor for the total synthesis of Verruculogen and Fumitremorgin A alkaloids. The inspiration of this catalytic concept was started from the O-Si secondary interaction, which by means of several more detailed control experiments and detailed computational investigations revealed that an unprecedented Bpin shift occurs during the transformation of iridium bis(boryl) complex to iridium tris(boryl) complex, which eventually control the remote meta selectivity by means of the dispersion between the designed ligand and steering silane group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Guria
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mirja Md Mahamudul Hassan
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jiawei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Sayan Dey
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Yong Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
| | - Buddhadeb Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biological & Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, SGPGIMS Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Das B, Sahoo SR, Das A, Pathak B, Sarkar D. Sustainable Organic Photocatalysis for Site-Selective Hydrazocoupling of Electron-Rich Arenes. Org Lett 2023; 25:7733-7738. [PMID: 37853522 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
An efficient photocatalytic para- and ortho-selective amination and aminative dearomatization of phenols, naphthols, and anilines with azodicarboxylates was developed using riboflavin tetraacetate (RFTA) as an organic photocatalyst. The site selectivity was controlled using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB), which also acts as a phase transfer catalyst. The reaction conditions are simple and mild, giving high regioselectivity with good to excellent yields. A broad substrate scope and nice functional group tolerance with scalability and post-functionalization make this protocol both useful and regioselective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Das
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Sushree Ranjan Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Amitabha Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh m453552, India
| | - Biswarup Pathak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh m453552, India
| | - Debayan Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, Madhya Pradesh m453552, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Vijaya Sankar R, Mathew A, Pradhan S, Kuniyil R, Gunanathan C. Ruthenium-Catalyzed Selective α-Alkylation of β-Naphthols using Primary Alcohols: Elucidating the Influence of Base and Water. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302102. [PMID: 37486957 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized arenes and arenols have diverse applications in chemical synthesis and material chemistry. Selective functionalization of arenols is a topic of prime interest. In particular, direct alkylation of arenols using alcohols is a challenging task. In this report, a ruthenium pincer catalyzed direct α-alkylation of β-naphthol using primary alcohols as alkylating reagents is reported. Notably, aryl and heteroaryl methanols and linear and branched aliphatic alcohols underwent selective alkylation reactions, in which water is the only byproduct. Notably, catalytically derived α-alkyl-β-naphthol products displayed high absorbance, emissive properties, and quantum yields (up to 93.2 %). Dearomative bromination on α-alkyl-β-naphthol is demonstrated as a synthetic application. Mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction involves an aldehyde intermediate. DFT studies support this finding and further reveal that a stoichiometric amount of base is required to make the aldol condensation as well as elementary steps required for regeneration of catalytically active species. In situ-generated water molecule from the aldol condensation reaction plays an important role in the regeneration of an active catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raman Vijaya Sankar
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Abra Mathew
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad (IIT Palakkad), Kerala, 678623, India
| | - Subham Pradhan
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| | - Rositha Kuniyil
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad (IIT Palakkad), Kerala, 678623, India
| | - Chidambaram Gunanathan
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), An OCC of Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, 752050, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang J, Lin Z, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Liang D, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen P, Liu H, Lv W, Liu G. Simplified synthesis of direct Z-scheme Bi 2WO 6/PhC 2Cu heterojunction that shows enhanced photocatalytic degradation of 2,4,6-TCP: Kinetic study and mechanistic insights. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132065. [PMID: 37467607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
For this work, we employed n-type Bi2WO6 and p-type PhC2Cu to formulate a direct Z-scheme Bi2WO6/PhC2Cu (PCBW) photocatalyst via simplified ultrasonic stirring technique. An optimal 0.6PCBW composite exhibited the capacity to rapidly photodegrade 2,4,6-TCP (98.6% in 120 min) under low-power blue LED light, which was 8.53 times and 12.53 times faster than for pristine PhC2Cu and Bi2WO6, respectively. Moreover, electron spin resonance (ESR), time-resolved PL spectra, and quantitative ROS tests indicated that the PCBW enhanced the separation capacity of photocarriers. It also more readily associated with dissolved oxygen in water to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). Among them, the ability of PCBW to produce ·O2- in one hour was 12.07 times faster than for pure PhC2Cu. In addition, the H2O2 formation rate and apparent quantum efficiency of PCBW are 10.73 times that of PhC2Cu, which indicates that PCBW not only has excellent photocatalytic performance, but also has outstanding ROS production ability. Furthermore, Ag photodeposition, in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were utilized to determine the photogenerated electron migration paths in the PCBW, which systematically confirmed that Z-scheme heterojunction were successfully formed. Finally, based on the intermediate products, three potential 2,4,6-TCP degradation pathways were proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zili Lin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zongshun Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yudan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Danluo Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingyi Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ping Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Haijin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huaihe River Water Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Wenying Lv
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Guoguang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wei W, Cheung KK, Lin R, Kong LC, Chan KL, Sung HHY, Williams ID, Tong R, Lin Z, Jia G. [2+2+1+1] Cycloaddition for de novo Synthesis of Densely Functionalized Phenols. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202307251. [PMID: 37428447 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
A unique benzannulation strategy for regioselective de novo synthesis of densely functionalized phenols is described. Through metal-mediated formal [2+2+1+1] cycloaddition of two different alkynes and two molecules of CO, a series of densely functionalized phenols were obtained. The benzannulation strategy allows efficient regioselective installation up to five different substituents on a phenol ring. The resulting phenols have a substitution pattern different from those obtained from Dötz and Danheiser benzannulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Key Cheung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ran Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
- Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Lam Cheung Kong
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Lok Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Herman H Y Sung
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ian D Williams
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rongbiao Tong
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guochen Jia
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Du X, Liu Y, Li H, Liu S, Shen X. Selective synthesis of meta-phenols from bio-benzoic acids via regulating the adsorption state. iScience 2023; 26:107460. [PMID: 37593461 PMCID: PMC10428116 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenols are important building blocks widely applied in many fields. The pronounced orientational effect of the phenolic hydroxyl group makes achieving selective synthesis of meta-phenols challenging. Accessing meta-phenols needs lengthy synthetic sequences. Herein, we first developed a heterogeneous CO2-mediated CeO2-5CuO catalyst for decarboxylative oxidation of benzoic acids with a more than 80% selectivity to meta-phenols. This technology is based on a traceless directing group relay method. The CeO2-CuO catalysts with different Ce/Cu ratios exhibited controllable reaction selectivity between decarboxylation and decarboxylative oxidation. Spectroscopy experiments and computational studies showed the adsorption state of benzoic acid was found to be crucial for subsequent reaction pathways. The moderate adsorption on CO2-mediated CeO2-5CuO catalyst contributes to the distinct selectivity of phenol. Furthermore, the paddlewheel intermediate facilitates the synthesis of meta-phenols from benzoic acids. This traceless directing group method would promote the development of useful one-pot meta-substituted phenols from bio-based benzoic acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinze Du
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yumei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Huixiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shenglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaojun Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Du X, Fan H, Liu S, Zhang ZC. Selective nucleophilic α-C alkylation of phenols with alcohols via Ti=C α intermediate on anatase TiO 2 surface. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4479. [PMID: 37532708 PMCID: PMC10397351 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
C-C bond forming reaction by alkylation of aryl rings is a main pillar of chemistry in the production of broad portfolios of chemical products. The dominant mechanism proceeds via electrophilic substitution of secondary and tertiary carbocations over acid catalysts, forming multiple aryl alkylation products non-selectively through all secondary and tertiary carbons in the alkyl chains but producing little α-C alkylation products because primary carbocations are poorly stable. Herein, we report that anatase TiO2 (TiO2-A) catalyzes nucleophilic α-C alkylation of phenols with alcohols in high selectivity to simply linear alkylphenols. Experimental and computational studies reveal the formation of Ti=C- bond with the α-carbon of the alkyl group at oxygen vacancies of the TiO2-A surface. The subsequent α-C alkylation by selective substitution of phenol ortho-C-H bond is verified by deuterium exchanged substrate and DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinze Du
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongjun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
| | - Shenglin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Z Conrad Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
- Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kumar MN, Suresh V, Nagireddy A, Nanubolu JB, Reddy MS. Pd-catalyzed regioselective rollover dual C-H annulation cascade: facile approach to phenanthrene derivatives. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023. [PMID: 37475606 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02523c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Annulations of unsaturated systems through C-H activation represent a powerful tool for producing multicyclic scaffolds. Having coordinating centers in both annulation partners (a dual coordination strategy) would afford remarkable selectivities in the outcomes. Along this concept, we report herein a Pd-catalyzed regioselective rollover cascade dual C-H annulation of o-arylphenols with alkynols for constructing phenanthrene scaffolds. Control, KIE and deuteration studies were conducted to determine the reaction mechanism, and downstream transformations and scaled-up reactions were carried out to assess the robustness of the transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muniganti Naveen Kumar
- Department of OSPC, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Habsiguda, Hyderabad 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Vavilapalli Suresh
- Department of OSPC, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Habsiguda, Hyderabad 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Attunuri Nagireddy
- Department of OSPC, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Habsiguda, Hyderabad 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | | | - Maddi Sridhar Reddy
- Department of OSPC, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Habsiguda, Hyderabad 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Li Y, Huang Y, Li Z, Sun J. Recent Advances in Regioselective C-H Bond Functionalization of Free Phenols. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083397. [PMID: 37110630 PMCID: PMC10143084 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenols are important readily available synthetic building blocks and starting materials for organic synthetic transformations, which are widely found in agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and functional materials. The C-H functionalization of free phenols has proven to be an extremely useful tool in organic synthesis, which provides efficient increases in phenol molecular complexity. Therefore, approaches to functionalizing existing C-H bonds of free phenols have continuously attracted the attention of organic chemists. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge and recent advances in ortho-, meta-, and para-selective C-H functionalization of free phenols in the last five years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Yekai Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Zhi Li
- School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Jianan Sun
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Corti V, Dosso J, Prato M, Filippini G. Photoinduced Cascade Reactions of 2-Allylphenol Derivatives toward the Production of 2,3-Dihydrobenzofurans. J Org Chem 2023; 88:6008-6016. [PMID: 37001017 PMCID: PMC10167682 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
A light-driven protocol for the synthesis of 2,3-dihydrobenzofurans under mild conditions is reported. Specifically, the cascade process is initiated by the photochemical activity of allyl-functionalized phenolate anions, generated in situ upon deprotonation of the corresponding phenols. The reaction proceeds rapidly with reaction times as low as 35 min, delivering a wide range of densely functionalized products (20 examples, yields up to 69%). Mechanistic studies have also been performed providing convincing evidence for the photochemical formation of carbon-centered radical species. A cascade reaction pathway involving a tandem atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) and an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN) process is proposed to occur.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasco Corti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials (CENMAT), INSTM − UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Jacopo Dosso
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials (CENMAT), INSTM − UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials (CENMAT), INSTM − UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science, Ikerbasque, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Giacomo Filippini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials (CENMAT), INSTM − UdR Trieste, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mao Y, Chen W, Li C, Miao L, Lin Y, Ling F, Chen Z, Yao J. Synthesis of 3,4,5-trisubstituted phenols via Rh(III)-catalyzed alkenyl C-H activation assisted by phosphonium cations. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3775-3778. [PMID: 36912283 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc00017f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
An efficient method for the construction of various 3,4,5-trisubstituted phenol derivatives has been achieved via the Rh(III)-catalyzed coupling of phosphonium cations with internal alkynes. This protocol shows good substrate compatibility, as an array of structurally and electronically diverse phosphonium compounds react efficiently with up to 87% yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Mao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wenxi Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Changchang Li
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lin Miao
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yanfei Lin
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Fei Ling
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Zhangpei Chen
- Center for Molecular Science and Engineering, College of Science, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Jinzhong Yao
- College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chang MY, Guo CR, Ho CH. Knoevenagel Condensation of Acetonedicarboxylates with Aldehydes. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
|
22
|
Senior A, Ruffell K, Ball LT. meta-Selective C-H arylation of phenols via regiodiversion of electrophilic aromatic substitution. Nat Chem 2023; 15:386-394. [PMID: 36509853 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01101-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Electrophilic aromatic substitution is among the most widely used mechanistic manifolds in organic chemistry. Access to certain substitution patterns is, however, precluded by intrinsic and immutable substituent effects that ultimately restrict the diversity of the benzenoid chemical space. Here we demonstrate that the established regioselectivity of electrophilic aromatic substitution can be overcome simply by diverting the key σ-complex intermediate towards otherwise inaccessible substitution products. This 'regiodiversion' strategy is realized through the development of a general and concise method for the meta-selective C-H arylation of sterically congested phenols. Consisting of a Bi(V)-mediated electrophilic arylation and a subsequent aryl migration/rearomatization, our process is orthogonal to conventional C-H activation and cross-coupling approaches, and does not require prefunctionalization of the substrate. Mechanistically informed applications in synthesis showcase its utility as a versatile and enabling route to highly functionalized, contiguously substituted aromatic building blocks that defy synthesis via existing methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Senior
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Katie Ruffell
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Liam T Ball
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wu KQ, Li H, Zhou A, Yang WR, Yin Q. Palladium-Catalyzed Chemo- and Regioselective C-H Bond Functionalization of Phenols with 1,3-Dienes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:2599-2604. [PMID: 36701645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Chemo- and site-selective functionalization of phenols offers a rapid strategy for the synthesis of phenol derivatives with diverse structures. Herein, we report a Pd-catalyzed regioselective C-H bond allylic alkylation of phenols with 1,3-dienes, which has precision reactivity at the ortho C-H bond of 2-naphthols, 1-naphthols, and electron-rich phenols. The reaction is accelerated by a diphosphine ligand, does not need any other additive, and features broad substrate scope and good chemo- and regioselectivity. In addition, we have also investigated the asymmetric variant, and the product could be achieved in up to 55% ee.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Qin Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.,Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ao Zhou
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wei-Ran Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Qin Yin
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhu X, Liu X, Xia F, Liu L. Theoretical Study on the Copper-Catalyzed ortho-Selective C-H Functionalization of Naphthols with α-Phenyl- α-Diazoesters. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041767. [PMID: 36838753 PMCID: PMC9960375 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The aromatic C(sp2)-H functionalization of unprotected naphthols with α-phenyl-α-diazoesters under mild conditions catalyzed by CuCl and CuCl2 exhibits high efficiency and unique ortho-selectivity. In this study, the combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experiments is employed to investigate the mechanism of C-H functionalization, which reveals the fundamental origin of the site-selectivity. It explains that CuCl-catalyzed ortho-selective C-H functionlization is due to the bimetallic carbene, which differs from the reaction catalyzed by CuCl2 via monometallic carbene. The results demonstrate the function of favourable H-bond interactions on the site- and chemo-selectivity of reaction through stabilizing the rate-determining transition states in proton (1,3)-migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xunshen Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Fei Xia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at New York University, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
- Correspondence: (F.X.); (L.L.)
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Correspondence: (F.X.); (L.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu X, Liu G, Liu S, Qin L, Lin B, Wang M, Yang L, Zheng M. Free radical mechanism of toxic organic compound formations from o-chlorophenol. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 443:130367. [PMID: 36444078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic free radical intermediates are pivotal to our understanding of toxic chemicals formation from chlorophenols that widely exist in thermal processes. However, in most cases, multiple free radical intermediates exist and produce complex spectra that are hard to deconvolute. Identification of free radical intermediates is the current difficulty for detailed formation mechanisms of toxic products from chlorophenols. In this study, a universal bottom-up method was developed to identify the organic free radical intermediates. Candidate organic free radicals were firstly speculated according to the critical parameters obtained from experimental electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra and the calculated bond dissociation energies of precursors. Their theoretical spectra were then used retrospectively to justify the accordance with the experimental EPR spectra. Identification of the organic free radicals provides straightforward evidence for the formation pathways of pollutants from chlorophenol. Internal factors influencing formation of radical intermediates and the toxic products were also studied, including the ortho effect of the precursor, spin densities of the organic free radical intermediates, and steric hindrance effects of the molecular intermediates. In combination of the experimental results and theoretical calculations, detailed formation mechanisms of toxic pollutants intermediating by organic free radicals from thermal oxidation of chlorophenol were strongly evidenced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guorui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of the Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Shuting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linjun Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bingcheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of the Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Mingxuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lili Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Minghui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of the Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Meng J, Zhou Y, Gu J, Deng J, Zheng Q, Ye X, Yao Q. Atmosphere- and Solvent-Controlled Coupling and Acetylation of Phenols Induced by Visible Light. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1855-1859. [PMID: 36695778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A tunable coupling or acetylation of phenol derivatives with diacetyl was enabled through the switch of the atmosphere and solvent induced by visible light under metal-free conditions. Symmetric and asymmetric diphenols or binaphthols were obtained under oxygen in water or 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol, whereas phenol acetates were formed under argon in the presence of diacetyl and acetic acid. The possibility to control the chemo- and regioselectivities enriches the synthetic versatility of photoreactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Department of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 6 Xuefu Road West, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yutong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Department of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 6 Xuefu Road West, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jianyu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Department of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 6 Xuefu Road West, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jinfei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Department of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 6 Xuefu Road West, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Qianqiu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Department of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 6 Xuefu Road West, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xiushen Ye
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
| | - Qiuli Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Department of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 6 Xuefu Road West, Zunyi 563000, China.,Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Deguchi H, Hanaya K, Sugai T, Higashibayashi S. Intramolecular cyclization of m-homoprenylphenols through oxidative nucleophilic aromatic substitution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:748-751. [PMID: 36541374 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06026d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We developed an intramolecular cyclization of m-homoprenylphenols and related m-prenylphenols to bicyclic skeletons by hypervalent iodine reagents through an oxidative nucleophilic aromatic substitution using the prenyl group as a carbon nucleophile. The reaction was applicable for the syntheses of 5/6-, 6/6-, and 7/6-fused ring systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Deguchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Kengo Hanaya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Sugai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Shuhei Higashibayashi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lu MZ, Goh J, Maraswami M, Jia Z, Tian JS, Loh TP. Recent Advances in Alkenyl sp 2 C-H and C-F Bond Functionalizations: Scope, Mechanism, and Applications. Chem Rev 2022; 122:17479-17646. [PMID: 36240299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Alkenes and their derivatives are featured widely in a variety of natural products, pharmaceuticals, and advanced materials. Significant efforts have been made toward the development of new and practical methods to access this important class of compounds by selectively activating the alkenyl C(sp2)-H bonds in recent years. In this comprehensive review, we describe the state-of-the-art strategies for the direct functionalization of alkenyl sp2 C-H and C-F bonds until June 2022. Moreover, metal-free, photoredox, and electrochemical strategies are also covered. For clarity, this review has been divided into two parts; the first part focuses on currently available alkenyl sp2 C-H functionalization methods using different alkene derivatives as the starting materials, and the second part describes the alkenyl sp2 C-F bond functionalization using easily accessible gem-difluoroalkenes as the starting material. This review includes the scope, limitations, mechanistic studies, stereoselective control (using directing groups as well as metal-migration strategies), and their applications to complex molecule synthesis where appropriate. Overall, this comprehensive review aims to document the considerable advancements, current status, and emerging work by critically summarizing the contributions of researchers working in this fascinating area and is expected to stimulate novel, innovative, and broadly applicable strategies for alkenyl sp2 C-H and C-F bond functionalizations in the coming years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Lu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey Goh
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Manikantha Maraswami
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.,Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zhou ZH, Wang B, Ding Y, Loh TP, Tian JS. Aqueous C-H aminomethylation of phenols by iodine catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 59:223-226. [PMID: 36484257 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05746h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
A transition-metal-free strategy regarding an iodine-sodium percarbonate catalysis to achieve the ortho-aminomethylation of phenols in aqueous media has been developed. This method can effectively broaden a wide range of phenols, tolerate sensitive functional groups, and achieve the late-stage functionalization of ten functional molecules that contain phenolic structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Ben Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China.
| | - Yao Ding
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), Nanjing 211816, China.,College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Henan University of Technology, Zhenzhou, 450001, China.,School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology (CCEB), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore.
| | - Jie-Sheng Tian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi'an 710072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lanzi M, Rogge T, Truong TS, Houk KN, Wencel-Delord J. Cyclic Diaryl λ 3-Chloranes: Reagents and Their C-C and C-O Couplings with Phenols via Aryne Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 145:345-358. [PMID: 36535642 PMCID: PMC9837845 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypervalent chloranes are a class of rare and poorly explored reagents. Their unique electronic properties confer reactivity that is complementary to that of the common iodanes and emerging bromanes. Highly chemo- and regioselective, metal-free, and mild C-C and C-O couplings are reported here. Experimental and computational mechanistic studies elucidate the unprecedented reactivities and selectivities of these systems and the intermediacy of aryne intermediates. The synthetic potential of these transformations is further demonstrated via the post-functionalization of C-C and C-O coupling products obtained from reactions of chloranes with phenols under different conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Lanzi
- Laboratoire
d’Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042),
Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute Alsace,
ECPM, 67087Strasbourg, France
| | - Torben Rogge
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, California90095, United States
| | - Tan Sang Truong
- Laboratoire
d’Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042),
Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute Alsace,
ECPM, 67087Strasbourg, France
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, California90095, United States,
| | - Joanna Wencel-Delord
- Laboratoire
d’Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (UMR CNRS 7042),
Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute Alsace,
ECPM, 67087Strasbourg, France,
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Shaikh MA, Samal PP, Ubale AS, Krishnamurty S, Gnanaprakasam B. Lewis Acid-Catalyzed Chemodivergent and Regiospecific Reaction of Phenols with Quaternary Peroxyoxindoles. J Org Chem 2022; 87:14155-14167. [PMID: 36269888 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The indium-catalyzed regiospecific coupling of substituted phenol derivatives and quaternary peroxyoxindoles for the synthesis of C2 or C4 benzoxazin-3-one-substituted phenols via skeletal rearrangement is described. This reaction is demonstrated with 17 examples with good yields and diverse aryl substituents. In contrast to the indium-catalyzed reaction, the Cu(OTf)2-catalyzed reaction of the phenol with quaternary peroxyoxindoles afforded C2 or C4 2-oxindole-substituted phenol derivatives. This diverse catalytic reaction generated various biologically important phenol-substituted 2-oxindole derivatives directly without any skeleton rearrangement and was demonstrated with 19 examples in high yield. The regiospecificity and the reaction pathways were explained with the support of density functional theory (DFT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moseen A Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Pragnya Paramita Samal
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Akash S Ubale
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Sailaja Krishnamurty
- CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Boopathy Gnanaprakasam
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sugawara M, Sawamura M, Akakabe M, Ramadoss B, Sohtome Y, Sodeoka M. Pd-catalyzed Aerobic Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Catechols with 2-Oxindoles and Benzofuranones: Reactivity Difference Between Monomer and Dimer. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200807. [PMID: 36062560 PMCID: PMC9825984 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Persistent radicals, which are generated from 2-oxindole or benzofuranone dimers, are useful tools for designing the radical-based cross-coupling reaction to provide molecules containing a quaternary carbon. The persistent radical is accessible from both the dimer and monomer; however, the reactivity difference between these substrates for the oxidative cross-coupling reaction is not fully understood, most likely because of the mechanistic complexity. Here, we present details of an aerobic cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction using various monomers and catechols. UV-Vis analysis and mechanistic control experiments showed that the monomer is less reactive than the dimer under aerobic conditions. Our Pd(II)-BINAP-μ-hydroxo complex significantly improved the reactivity of the monomers for the aerobic CDC reaction with catechols, yielding results comparable to those of the corresponding dimer. The procedure, which enables the generation of the persistent radical in situ, is particularly useful when employing the monomer that is not readily converted to the corresponding dimer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Sugawara
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan
| | - Miki Sawamura
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan,Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyo113-8510Japan
| | - Mai Akakabe
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan,Catalysis and Integrated Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
| | - Boobalan Ramadoss
- Catalysis and Integrated Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
| | - Yoshihiro Sohtome
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan,Catalysis and Integrated Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry LaboratoryRIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitamaJapan,Catalysis and Integrated Research Group RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science,Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyo113-8510Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liu X, Wang Y, Wu S, Jiang W, Zeng R, Cao H. Four-Component Cyclization of Naphthol/Thionaphthol/Naphthylamine, Formaldehyde, and DBU in Water. J Org Chem 2022; 87:13819-13827. [PMID: 36223276 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A practical and environmentally benign cascade multicomponent condensation of naphthol/thionaphthol/naphthylamine, formaldehyde, and DBU in water without any catalysts has been achieved. A wide variety of dihydrooxazine, dihydrothiazine, and tetrahydrobenzoquinazoline derivatives N-substituted with a tether bearing a caprolactam unit were afforded in moderate to good yields. The advantages of being cost-effective, metal-free, and easily handled and the use of water as medium made this protocol conform with the principle of green synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, P. R. China
| | - Songxin Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, P. R. China
| | - Wenxuan Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, P. R. China
| | - Ruyi Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, P. R. China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan 528458, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ertürk E, Yeşil TA. Catalyst-Tuned Electrophilic Chlorination of Diverse Aromatic Compounds with Sulfuryl Chloride and Regioselective Chlorination of Phenols with Organocatalysts. J Org Chem 2022; 87:12558-12573. [PMID: 36137270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate that diverse aromatic compounds can be selectively chlorinated through the fine-tuning of the reactivity of sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2) by organocatalysts. Acetonitrile has been identified to activate SO2Cl2 most strongly, thus enabling even chlorination of p-xylene with high yields. 1,4-Dioxane effects chlorination of oxidation-labile aromatic compounds such as p-cresol and 2-naphthol with high yields, 95% and 85%, respectively. An array of potential catalysts has been screened for ortho- and para-selective chlorination of phenols. Thus, we found that acetonitrile, (S)-BINAPO (5 mol %), and diisopropyl ether (4.00 equiv) can catalyze the chlorination of phenols in a para-selective manner (with ≤4:96 o:p ratio), whereas Nagasawa's bis-thiourea (1 mol %), phenyl boronic acid (5 mol %), and (S)-diphenylprolinol (1 mol %) exhibit high ortho selectivity [with ≤99:1 o:p ratio by (S)-diphenylprolinol].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erkan Ertürk
- TÜBITAK Marmara Research Center, 41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Tolga A Yeşil
- TÜBITAK Marmara Research Center, 41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Chai LL, Zhao YH, Young DJ, Lu X, Li HX. Ni(II)-Mediated Photochemical Oxidative Esterification of Aldehydes with Phenols. Org Lett 2022; 24:6908-6913. [PMID: 36121710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The photopromoted, Ni-catalyzed acceptorless dehydrogenation esterification of phenols and aromatic aldehydes has been achieved in an oxidant- and external photosensitizer-free manner. This reliable and atom-economical transformation was tolerant to a wide range of functional groups and proceeded efficiently to give various aryl benzoates in moderate to high yields. Additionally, this photocatalytic system displayed high activity for the hydrogen-evolution cross coupling of aliphatic aldehydes and phenols employing dual nickel and aromatic aldehyde catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Chai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - You-Hui Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - David James Young
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia
| | - Xinhua Lu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Hong-Xi Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Xiong W, Shi Q, Liu WH. Simple and Practical Conversion of Benzoic Acids to Phenols at Room Temperature. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:15894-15902. [PMID: 35997485 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phenols are important organic molecules because they have found widespread applications in many fields. Herein, an efficient and practical approach to prepare phenols from benzoic acids via simple organic reagents at room temperature is reported. This approach is compatible with various functional groups and heterocycles and can be easily scaled up. To demonstrate its synthetic utility, bioactive molecules and unsymmetrical hexaarylbenzenes have been prepared by leveraging this transformation as strategic steps. Mechanistic investigations suggest that the key migration step involves a free carbocation instead of a radical intermediate. Considering the abundance of benzoic acids and the utility of phenols, it is anticipated that this method will find broad applications in organic synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhang Xiong
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiu Shi
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenbo H Liu
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wu S, Geng F, Dong J, Liu L, Zhou Y. Metal-Free Oxidative Annulation of Phenols and Amines: A General Synthesis of Benzoxazoles. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9112-9127. [PMID: 35786919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquity of benzoxazoles in natural products, drugs, and functional materials has stimulated numerous efforts toward their synthesis; however, the developed methods rely on prefunctionalized substrates and lack generality. Under metal-free conditions, a highly general synthesis of benzoxazoles direct from abundant and easily available phenols and amines is developed via a modular phenol functionalization controlled by TEMPO. In the reaction, various phenols and primary amines with a broad range of functional groups are compatible, producing structurally and functionally diverse benzoxazoles (64 examples) without or with trace observation of the byproducts of phenol transformation with amines. The practical synthesis, especially for drug tafamidis, demonstrates decisive advantages in generality, selectivity, efficiency, and atom- and step-economies over traditional methods, even in the cases of low yields. Mechanistically, the radical adducts of TEMPO with ortho-cyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one radicals rather than the well-recognized cyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-diones may serve as intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Wu
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Furong Geng
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jianyu Dong
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Long Liu
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yongbo Zhou
- Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kang S, Li J, Yang Q, Song Z, Peng Y. Rh(III)‐Catalyzed C‐H Activation of 2‐Aryl Quinazolinones and Coupling with 2‐Carboxyl Allylic Alcohols for the Synthesis of β‐Aryl Ketone Substituted Quinazolinones. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaodong Kang
- Jiangxi Normal University Yaohu Campus: Jiangxi Normal University chemistry CHINA
| | - Jiaxing Li
- Jiangxi Normal University Yaohu Campus: Jiangxi Normal University chemistry CHINA
| | - Qin Yang
- Jiangxi Normal University Yaohu Campus: Jiangxi Normal University Life college CHINA
| | - Zhibin Song
- Jiangxi Normal University Yaohu Campus: Jiangxi Normal University chemistry CHINA
| | - Yiyuan Peng
- jiangxi normal university chemistry 99 ziyang road 330022 NanChang CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hong K, Yang X, Zhang Z, Xie X, Lv X, Xu X, Hu W. Diastereoselective aldol-type interception of phenolic oxonium ylides for the direct assembly of 2,2-disubstituted dihydrobenzofurans. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4635-4639. [PMID: 35611674 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00723a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A Rh2(OAc)4 catalyzed intermolecular aldol-type interception of phenolic oxonium ylides with isatins has been developed, which provides an effective access to 2,2-disubstituted dihydrobenzofuran derivatives containing 3-hydroxyoxindole in high yields and with high diastereoselectivities under mild reaction conditions. The antiproliferation activity of these synthesized dihydrobenzofuran and 3-hydroxyoxindole hybrid products has been tested via the CCK8 assay in different cancer cell lines; compounds 3s and 3t exhibit good anticancer potency against human colon cancer cells (HCT116 cells, 3s: IC50 = 15.99 μM; 3t: IC50 = 14.48 μM) compared to other tested compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kemiao Hong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiangji Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhijing Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiongda Xie
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xin Lv
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liu M, Don X, Guo Z, Yuan A, Gao S, Yang F. Enabling tandem oxidation of benzene to benzenediol over integrated neighboring V-Cu oxides in mesoporous silica. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
41
|
Escudero J, Mampuys P, Mensch C, Bheeter CB, Vroemans R, Orru RV, Harvey J, Maes BU. Synthesis of Heterocycles via Aerobic Ni-Catalyzed Imidoylation of Aromatic 1,2-Bis-nucleophiles with Isocyanides. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julien Escudero
- Division of Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp B-2020, Belgium
| | - Pieter Mampuys
- Division of Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp B-2020, Belgium
| | - Carl Mensch
- Division of Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp B-2020, Belgium
| | - Charles B. Bheeter
- Division of Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp B-2020, Belgium
| | - Robby Vroemans
- Division of Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp B-2020, Belgium
| | - Romano V.A. Orru
- Organic Chemistry, Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Maastricht University, Center Court, Urmonderbaan 22, Geleen 6167 RD, The Netherlands
| | - Jeremy Harvey
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven B3001, Belgium
| | - Bert U.W. Maes
- Division of Organic Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp B-2020, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yang Y, Lu B, Xu G, Wang X. Overcoming O-H Insertion to Para-Selective C-H Functionalization of Free Phenols: Rh(II)/Xantphos Catalyzed Geminal Difunctionalization of Diazo Compounds. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:581-589. [PMID: 35647279 PMCID: PMC9136979 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.2c00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Para-selective C-H functionalization of free phenols by metal carbenoids is rather challenging due to the generally more favorable competing O-H insertion. Herein, with the use of the combination of Rh(II) and a Xantphos ligand as the catalyst, a novel multicomponent reaction of free phenols, diazoesters, and allylic carbonates was successfully developed, affording a wide variety of phenol derivatives, bearing an all-carbon quaternary center and a synthetically useful allylic unit. This reaction is likely to occur through a tandem process of carbene-induced para-selective C-H functionalization, followed by Rh(II)/Xantphos-catalyzed allylation. The distinctive reactivity of para-selective C-H rather than O-H insertion for the carbenoid intermediate, combined with features of excellent functional group compatibility, high atom and step economy, and ease in further diversification of the products, might render this protocol highly attractive in facile functionalization of unprotected phenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Henan
Engineering Research Center of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine
Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry
of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence
in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bin Lu
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence
in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guiqing Xu
- Henan
Engineering Research Center of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine
Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry
of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- (G.X.)
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence
in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute
of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
- School
of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced
Study, University of Chinese Academy of
Sciences, 1 Sub-lane
Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China
- (X.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wu J, Kozlowski MC. Catalytic Oxidative Coupling of Phenols and Related Compounds. ACS Catal 2022; 12:6532-6549. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingze Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Marisa C. Kozlowski
- Department of Chemistry, Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cuadros S, Rosso C, Barison G, Costa P, Kurbasic M, Bonchio M, Prato M, Filippini G, Dell'Amico L. The Photochemical Activity of a Halogen-Bonded Complex Enables the Microfluidic Light-Driven Alkylation of Phenols. Org Lett 2022; 24:2961-2966. [PMID: 35437017 PMCID: PMC9062880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A mild light-driven
protocol for the direct alkylation of phenols
is reported. The process is driven by the photochemical activity of
a halogen-bonded complex formed upon complexation of the in
situ generated electron-rich phenolate anion with the α-iodosulfone.
The reaction proceeds rapidly (10 min) under microfluidic conditions,
delivering a wide variety of ortho-alkylated products (27 examples,
up to 97% yield, >20:1 regioselectivity, on a gram scale), including
densely functionalized bioactive phenol derivatives
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cuadros
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Cristian Rosso
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CENMAT, Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials, INSTM UdR, Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgia Barison
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Costa
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Marina Kurbasic
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CENMAT, Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials, INSTM UdR, Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Marcella Bonchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy.,INSTM UdR, Instituto per la Tecnologia delle Membrane, ITM-CNR, UoS di Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CENMAT, Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials, INSTM UdR, Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.,Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 194, 20014 Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain.,Basque Fdn Sci, Ikerbasque, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Giacomo Filippini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CENMAT, Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials, INSTM UdR, Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Luca Dell'Amico
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Tu G, Ju G, Ji SJ, Zhao Y. Ligand-Promoted Nickel-Catalyzed para-Selective Carboxylation of Anisoles. Org Lett 2022; 24:2155-2159. [PMID: 35285647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It has always been a challenge in free radical chemistry to control site selectivity during the reaction of free radicals with aromatic rings. Herein, we report the site-selective carboxylation of anisoles through the direct reaction of the bromoform radical with a benzene ring at the para position under the assistance of 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline with nickel(II) as the catalyst. A wide variety of anisoles were compatible, leading to para-carboxylated products in moderate to good yields. A preliminary mechanistic study suggested that the Ni(II) complex coordinates with the methoxyl group of the aromatic ring, which may have increased the steric hindrance at the ortho and meta positions, while this weak interaction reduces the aromaticity of the aromatic ring, affording an activated phenyl ring, thereby leading to highly para-selective carboxylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangliang Tu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Ju
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Shun-Jun Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China
| | - Yingsheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Gribanov PS, Vorobyeva DV, Tokarev SD, Petropavlovskikh DA, Loginov DA, Nefedov SE, Dolgushin FM, Osipov SN. Rhodium‐Catalyzed C‐H Activation/Annulation of Aryl Hydroxamates with Benzothiadiazol‐Containing Acetylenes. Access to Isoquinoline‐Bridged Donor‐Acceptor Luminophores. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel S. Gribanov
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Organic Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Daria V. Vorobyeva
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Organic Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Sergey D. Tokarev
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Organic Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Dmitry A. Petropavlovskikh
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Organic Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Dmitry A. Loginov
- A N Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds RAS: Institut elementoorganiceskih soedinenij imeni A N Nesmeanova RAN Organometallic Chemistry RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Sergey E. Nefedov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS: Institut obsej i neorganiceskoj himii imeni N S Kurnakova RAN X-ray RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Fedor M. Dolgushin
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS: Institut obsej i neorganiceskoj himii imeni N S Kurnakova RAN X-ray RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| | - Sergey N. Osipov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of organoelement compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences Ecological Chemistry Vavilov28 119991 Moscow RUSSIAN FEDERATION
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhu DL, Jiang S, Young DJ, Wu Q, Li HY, Li HX. Visible-light-driven C(sp 2)-H arylation of phenols with arylbromides enabled by electron donor-acceptor excitation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3637-3640. [PMID: 35212323 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc07127k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a catalyst-free visible-light-driven C(sp2)-H arylation of unprotected phenols with arylbromides to give 2-arylated phenols. This reaction proceeds through the excitation of an electron donor-acceptor complex between a phenolate and an arylbromide, electron transfer, and debrominative C(sp2)-C(sp2) coupling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Liang Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China. .,School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Analysis and Testing Centre, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - David James Young
- College of Engineering, IT and Environment, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia
| | - Qi Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Hong-Xi Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Tay NES, Lehnherr D, Rovis T. Photons or Electrons? A Critical Comparison of Electrochemistry and Photoredox Catalysis for Organic Synthesis. Chem Rev 2022; 122:2487-2649. [PMID: 34751568 PMCID: PMC10021920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Redox processes are at the heart of synthetic methods that rely on either electrochemistry or photoredox catalysis, but how do electrochemistry and photoredox catalysis compare? Both approaches provide access to high energy intermediates (e.g., radicals) that enable bond formations not constrained by the rules of ionic or 2 electron (e) mechanisms. Instead, they enable 1e mechanisms capable of bypassing electronic or steric limitations and protecting group requirements, thus enabling synthetic chemists to disconnect molecules in new and different ways. However, while providing access to similar intermediates, electrochemistry and photoredox catalysis differ in several physical chemistry principles. Understanding those differences can be key to designing new transformations and forging new bond disconnections. This review aims to highlight these differences and similarities between electrochemistry and photoredox catalysis by comparing their underlying physical chemistry principles and describing their impact on electrochemical and photochemical methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas E S Tay
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Dan Lehnherr
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Tomislav Rovis
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu Z, Fang Y, Liu Y, Fu W, Gan X, Gao W, Tang B. One-Pot Difunctionalization of Aryldiazonium Salts for Synthesis of para-Azophenols. Front Chem 2022; 10:818627. [PMID: 35155368 PMCID: PMC8826725 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.818627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel difunctionalization of aryldiazonium salts was realized for the one-step generation of symmetric and asymmetric p-azophenols. This approach is proceeded by the sequentially regioselective aromatic C-O and C-N bond construction under mild reaction conditions, unlocking a new reaction strategy to facilitate the synthesis of p-azophenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Xingxing Gan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Wen Gao, ; Bo Tang,
| | - Bo Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Production of Fine Chemicals, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Wen Gao, ; Bo Tang,
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ma Y, Hussein AA. Unveiling the origin of the chemoselectivity of bismacycle-mediated C–H arylation of phenols: from mechanism concept to new coupling design. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00981a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DFT calculations for the bismacycle-catalyzed C–H arylation of phenols explain the origin of high chemoselectivity. The reducive elimination is polar, which allows the design of new coupling modes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yumiao Ma
- BSJ Institute, Haidian, Beijing, 100084, People's Republic of China
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Aqeel A. Hussein
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Science, Komar University of Science and Technology, 46001 Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|