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Greaves GE, Allison L, Machado P, Morfill C, Fleck RA, Porter AE, Phillips CC. Infrared nanoimaging of neuronal ultrastructure and nanoparticle interaction with cells. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:6190-6198. [PMID: 38445876 PMCID: PMC10956966 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04948e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Here we introduce scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) as a novel tool for nanoscale chemical-imaging of sub-cellular organelles, nanomaterials and of the interactions between them. Our setup uses a tuneable mid-infrared laser and a sharp scanning probe to image at a resolution substantially surpassing the diffraction limit. The laser can be tuned to excite vibrational modes of functional groups in biomolecules, (e.g. amide moieties), in a way that enables direct chemical mapping without the need for labelling. We, for the first time, chemically image neuronal ultrastructure, identify neuronal organelles and sub-organelle structures as small as 10 nm and validate our findings using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We produce chemical and morphological maps of neurons treated with gold nanospheres and characterize nanoparticle size and intracellular location, and their interaction with the plasma membrane. Our results show that the label-free nature of s-SNOM means it has a 'true' chemical resolution of up to 20 nm which can be further improved. We argue that it offers significant potential in nanomedicine for nanoscale chemical imaging of cell ultrastructure and the subcellular distribution of nanomaterials within tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E Greaves
- Experimental Solid State Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2BW, UK.
| | - Leanne Allison
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Pedro Machado
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Corinne Morfill
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Roland A Fleck
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Kings College London, SE1 1YR, UK
| | - Alexandra E Porter
- Department of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Chris C Phillips
- Experimental Solid State Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, SW7 2BW, UK.
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2
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Arya S, Bahuguna D, Bajad G, Loharkar S, Devangan P, Khatri DK, Singh SB, Madan J. Colloidal therapeutics in the management of traumatic brain injury: Portray of biomarkers and drug-targets, preclinical and clinical pieces of evidence and future prospects. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 230:113509. [PMID: 37595379 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Complexity associated with the aberrant physiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI) makes its therapeutic targeting vulnerable. The underlying mechanisms of pathophysiology of TBI are yet to be completely illustrated. Primary injury in TBI is associated with contusions and axonal shearing whereas excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, free radicals generation, and neuroinflammation are considered under secondary injury. MicroRNAs, proinflammatory cytokines, and Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) recently emerged as biomarkers in TBI. In addition, several approved therapeutic entities have been explored to target existing and newly identified drug-targets in TBI. However, drug delivery in TBI is hampered due to disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in secondary TBI, as well as inadequate drug-targeting and retention effect. Colloidal therapeutics appeared helpful in providing enhanced drug availability to the brain owing to definite targeting strategies. Moreover, immense efforts have been put together to achieve increased bioavailability of therapeutics to TBI by devising effective targeting strategies. The potential of colloidal therapeutics to efficiently deliver drugs at the site of injury and down-regulate the mediators of TBI are serving as novel policies in the management of TBI. Therefore, in present manuscript, we have illuminated a myriad of molecular-targets currently identified and recognized in TBI. Moreover, particular emphasis is given to frame armamentarium of repurpose drugs which could be utilized to block molecular targets in TBI in addition to drug delivery barriers. The critical role of colloidal therapeutics such as liposomes, nanoparticles, dendrimers, and exosomes in drug delivery to TBI through invasive and non-invasive routes has also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shristi Arya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Deepankar Bahuguna
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Gopal Bajad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Soham Loharkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Pawan Devangan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Jitender Madan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.
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3
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Morfill C, Pankratova S, Machado P, Fernando NK, Regoutz A, Talamona F, Pinna A, Klosowski M, Wilkinson RJ, Fleck RA, Xie F, Porter AE, Kiryushko D. Nanostars Carrying Multifunctional Neurotrophic Dendrimers Protect Neurons in Preclinical In Vitro Models of Neurodegenerative Disorders. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:47445-47460. [PMID: 36218307 PMCID: PMC9614720 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A challenge in neurology is the lack of efficient brain-penetrable neuroprotectants targeting multiple disease mechanisms. Plasmonic gold nanostars are promising candidates to deliver standard-of-care drugs inside the brain but have not been trialed as carriers for neuroprotectants. Here, we conjugated custom-made peptide dendrimers (termed H3/H6), encompassing motifs of the neurotrophic S100A4-protein, onto star-shaped and spherical gold nanostructures (H3/H6-AuNS/AuNP) and evaluated their potential as neuroprotectants and interaction with neurons. The H3/H6 nanostructures crossed a model blood-brain barrier, bound to plasma membranes, and induced neuritogenesis with the AuNS, showing higher potency/efficacy than the AuNP. The H3-AuNS/NP protected neurons against oxidative stress, the H3-AuNS being more potent, and against Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease (PD/AD)-related cytotoxicity. Unconjugated S100A4 motifs also decreased amyloid beta-induced neurodegeneration, introducing S100A4 as a player in AD. Using custom-made dendrimers coupled to star-shaped nanoparticles is a promising route to activate multiple neuroprotective pathways and increase drug potency to treat neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Morfill
- Department
of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Stanislava Pankratova
- Department
of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen2200N, Denmark
- Comparative
Paediatrics and Nutrition, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen2200N, Denmark
| | - Pedro Machado
- Centre
for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College
London, LondonSE1 1UL, UK
| | - Nathalie K. Fernando
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Anna Regoutz
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Federica Talamona
- Department
of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alessandra Pinna
- Department
of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, UK
- The Francis
Crick Institute, LondonNW11 AT, UK
| | - Michal Klosowski
- Department
of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Robert J. Wilkinson
- The Francis
Crick Institute, LondonNW11 AT, UK
- Imperial
College, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Roland A. Fleck
- Centre
for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College
London, LondonSE1 1UL, UK
| | - Fang Xie
- Department
of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Alexandra E. Porter
- Department
of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Darya Kiryushko
- Department
of Materials and London Centre for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, LondonSW7 2AZ, UK
- Centre
for Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Burlington Danes Building, 160 Du
Cane Road, LondonW12 0NN, UK
- Experimental
Solid State Physics Group, Department of Physics, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, LondonSW72AZ, UK
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4
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Improvement of synaptic plasticity by nanoparticles and the related mechanisms: Applications and prospects. J Control Release 2022; 347:143-163. [PMID: 35513209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is an important basis of learning and memory and participates in brain network remodelling after different types of brain injury (such as that caused by neurodegenerative diseases, cerebral ischaemic injury, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and psychiatric disorders). Therefore, improving synaptic plasticity is particularly important for the treatment of nervous system-related diseases. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, increasing evidence has shown that nanoparticles (NPs) can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in different ways, directly or indirectly act on nerve cells, regulate synaptic plasticity, and ultimately improve nerve function. Therefore, to better elucidate the effect of NPs on synaptic plasticity, we review evidence showing that NPs can improve synaptic plasticity by regulating different influencing factors, such as neurotransmitters, receptors, presynaptic membrane proteins and postsynaptic membrane proteins, and further discuss the possible mechanism by which NPs improve synaptic plasticity. We conclude that NPs can improve synaptic plasticity and restore the function of damaged nerves by inhibiting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, inducing autophagy, and regulating ion channels on the cell membrane. By reviewing the mechanism by which NPs regulate synaptic plasticity and the applications of NPs for the treatment of neurological diseases, we also propose directions for future research in this field and provide an important reference for follow-up research.
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5
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Advanced drug delivery system against ischemic stroke. J Control Release 2022; 344:173-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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6
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Tse YC, Nath M, Larosa A, Wong TP. Opposing Changes in Synaptic and Extrasynaptic N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Function in Response to Acute and Chronic Restraint Stress. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:716675. [PMID: 34690693 PMCID: PMC8531402 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.716675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A pertinent mechanism by which stress impacts learning and memory is through stress-induced plastic changes in glutamatergic transmission in the hippocampus. For instance, acute stress has been shown to alter the expression, binding, and function of the ionotropic glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). However, the consequences of chronic stress, which could lead to various stress-related brain disorders, on NMDAR function remain unclear. While most studies on NMDARs focused on these receptors in synapses (synaptic NMDARs or sNMDARs), emerging findings have revealed functional roles of NMDARs outside synapses (extrasynaptic NMDARs or exNMDARs) that are distinct from those of sNMDARs. Using a restraint stress paradigm in adult rats, the objective of the current study is to examine whether sNMDARs and exNMDARs in the hippocampus are differentially regulated by acute and chronic stress. We examined sNMDAR and exNMDAR function in dorsal CA1 hippocampal neurons from brain slices of adult rats that were acutely (1 episode) or chronically (21 daily episodes) stressed by restraint (30 min). We found that acute stress increases sNMDAR but suppresses exNMDAR function. Surprisingly, we only observed a reduction in exNMDAR function after chronic stress. Taken together, our findings suggest that sNMDARs and exNMDARs may be differentially regulated by acute and chronic stress. Most importantly, the observed suppression in exNMDAR function by both acute and chronic stress implies crucial but overlooked roles of hippocampal exNMDARs in stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiu Chung Tse
- Neuroscience Division, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Moushumi Nath
- Neuroscience Division, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amanda Larosa
- Neuroscience Division, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tak Pan Wong
- Neuroscience Division, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Valente P, Kiryushko D, Sacchetti S, Machado P, Cobley CM, Mangini V, Porter AE, Spatz JP, Fleck RA, Benfenati F, Fiammengo R. Reply to Comment on Conopeptide-Functionalized Nanoparticles Selectively Antagonize Extrasynaptic N-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptors and Protect Hippocampal Neurons from Excitotoxicity In Vitro. ACS NANO 2021; 15:15409-15417. [PMID: 37738397 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c05607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Valente
- Department of Experimental Medicine, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa 16132, Italy
- IRCSS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa 16132, Italy
| | - Darya Kiryushko
- Department of Materials and London Center for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, London SW72AZ, United Kingdom
- Center for Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom
| | - Silvio Sacchetti
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa 16132, Italy
| | - Pedro Machado
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Claire M Cobley
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Vincenzo Mangini
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies@UniLe, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Arnesano, Lecce 73010, Italy
| | - Alexandra E Porter
- Department of Materials and London Center for Nanotechnology, Imperial College, London SW72AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Joachim P Spatz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Roland A Fleck
- Centre for Ultrastructural Imaging, Kings College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- IRCSS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa 16132, Italy
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa 16132, Italy
| | - Roberto Fiammengo
- Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies@UniLe, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Arnesano, Lecce 73010, Italy
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona 37134, Italy
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8
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Villani M, Bertoglio F, Restivo E, Bruni G, Iervese S, Arciola CR, Carulli F, Iannace S, Bertini F, Visai L. Polyurethane-Based Coatings with Promising Antibacterial Properties. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13194296. [PMID: 32993029 PMCID: PMC7579457 DOI: 10.3390/ma13194296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In coatings technology, the possibility of introducing specific characteristics at the surface level allows for the manufacture of medical devices with efficient and prolonged antibacterial properties. This efficiency is often achieved by the use of a small amount of antibacterial molecules, which can fulfil their duty while limiting eventual releasing problems. The object of this work was the preparation and characterization of silver, titanium dioxide and chitosan polyurethane-based coatings. Coatings with the three antibacterials were prepared using different deposition techniques, using a brush or a bar coater automatic film applicator, and compared to solvent casted films prepared with the same components. For silver containing materials, an innovative strategy contemplating the use and preparation of silver nanoparticles in a single step-method was employed. This preparation was obtained starting from a silver precursor and using a single compound as the reducing agent and stabilizer. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, contact angle measurements and adhesion test experiments were used to characterize the prepared coatings. Promising antibacterial properties, measured via direct and indirect methods, were registered for all the silver-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Villani
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”—CNR, Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.C.); (S.I.); (F.B.)
- Correspondence: or (M.V.); (L.V.)
| | - Federico Bertoglio
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/B, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.B.); (E.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Elisa Restivo
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/B, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.B.); (E.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Giovanna Bruni
- Center for Colloid and Surfaces Science (C.S.G.I.), Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, viale Taramelli 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Stefano Iervese
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/B, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.B.); (E.R.); (S.I.)
| | - Carla Renata Arciola
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Via S. Giacomo, 14, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
- Laboratorio di Patologia delle Infezioni Associate all’Impianto, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Carulli
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”—CNR, Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.C.); (S.I.); (F.B.)
| | - Salvatore Iannace
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”—CNR, Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.C.); (S.I.); (F.B.)
| | - Fabio Bertini
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”—CNR, Via A. Corti 12, 20133 Milano, Italy; (F.C.); (S.I.); (F.B.)
| | - Livia Visai
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 3/B, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.B.); (E.R.); (S.I.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri S.p.A Società Benefit, IRCCS, Via S. Boezio, 28, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: or (M.V.); (L.V.)
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