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Peng H, Yang F, Wang X, Feng E, Sun K, Hao L, Zhang X, Ma G. Rapid Radiation Synthesis of a Flexible, Self-Healing, and Adhesive Ionogel with Environmental Tolerance for Multifunctional Strain Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37874752 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Ionogels are increasingly used in flexible strain sensors, but it is still challenging to incorporate multifunctional properties such as flexibility, self-healing, adhesion, temperature resistance, and electrical conductivity. Herein, a facile and rapid one-step photoinitiated polymerization strategy is employed to prepare multifunctional ionogels by filling a hydrophobic and conductive ionic liquid into a flexible, hydrophobic fluoropolymer matrix. Thanks to the presence of abundant noncovalent interactions (hydrogen-bonding and ion-dipole interactions), the ionogels exhibit high transparency, excellent mechanical properties, self-healing ability, and adhesion. Moreover, rich C-F bonds in the fluoropolymer matrix can eliminate the interference of water molecules, resulting in excellent environmental tolerance such as high and low temperature resistance, waterproofness, and anticorrosion. Furthermore, the ionogel-based wearable strain sensor can sensitively detect and differentiate human movements and subtle muscle movements and serve as a Morse code signal transmitter for information transmission. The presented work provides an effective method to develop versatile flexible conductive ionogels for wearable devices and ionotronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Enke Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia Normal University, Guyuan 756000, China
| | - Kanjun Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou City University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Lili Hao
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xusheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Guofu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Lim HR, Lee SM, Park S, Choi C, Kim H, Kim J, Mahmood M, Lee Y, Kim JH, Yeo WH. Smart bioelectronic pacifier for real-time continuous monitoring of salivary electrolytes. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 210:114329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Lim HR, Kim YS, Kwon S, Mahmood M, Kwon YT, Lee Y, Lee SM, Yeo WH. Wireless, Flexible, Ion-Selective Electrode System for Selective and Repeatable Detection of Sodium. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20113297. [PMID: 32531954 PMCID: PMC7309126 DOI: 10.3390/s20113297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Wireless, flexible, ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are of great interest in the development of wearable health monitors and clinical systems. Existing film-based electrochemical sensors, however, still have practical limitations due to poor electrical contact and material–interfacial leakage. Here, we introduce a wireless, flexible film-based system with a highly selective, stable, and reliable sodium sensor. A flexible and hydrophobic composite with carbon black and soft elastomer serves as an ion-to-electron transducer offering cost efficiency, design simplicity, and long-term stability. The sensor package demonstrates repeatable analysis of selective sodium detection in saliva with good sensitivity (56.1 mV/decade), stability (0.53 mV/h), and selectivity coefficient of sodium against potassium (−3.0). The film ISEs have an additional membrane coating that provides reinforced stability for the sensor upon mechanical bending. Collectively, the comprehensive study of materials, surface chemistry, and sensor design in this work shows the potential of the wireless flexible sensor system for low-profile wearable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Ryoung Lim
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (H.-R.L.); (Y.-S.K.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.-T.K.)
| | - Yun-Soung Kim
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (H.-R.L.); (Y.-S.K.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.-T.K.)
| | - Shinjae Kwon
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (H.-R.L.); (Y.-S.K.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.-T.K.)
| | - Musa Mahmood
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (H.-R.L.); (Y.-S.K.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.-T.K.)
| | - Young-Tae Kwon
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (H.-R.L.); (Y.-S.K.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.-T.K.)
| | - Yongkuk Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA;
| | - Soon Min Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, Korea;
| | - Woon-Hong Yeo
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA; (H.-R.L.); (Y.-S.K.); (S.K.); (M.M.); (Y.-T.K.)
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Institute for Materials, Neural Engineering Center, Institute for Robotics and Intelligent Machines, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-404-385-5710; Fax: +1-404-894-1658
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Li L, Zhang Y, Lu H, Wang Y, Xu J, Zhu J, Zhang C, Liu T. Cryopolymerization enables anisotropic polyaniline hybrid hydrogels with superelasticity and highly deformation-tolerant electrochemical energy storage. Nat Commun 2020; 11:62. [PMID: 31911636 PMCID: PMC6946679 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13959-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of energy storage devices that can endure large and complex deformations is central to emerging wearable electronics. Hydrogels made from conducting polymers give rise to a promising integration of high conductivity and versatility in processing. However, the emergence of conducting polymer hydrogels with a desirable network structure cannot be readily achieved using conventional polymerization methods. Here we present a cryopolymerization strategy for preparing an intrinsically stretchable, compressible and bendable anisotropic polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline hydrogel with a complete recovery of 100% stretching strain, 50% compressing strain and fully bending. Due to its high mechanical strength, superelastic properties and bi-continuous phase structure, the as-obtained anisotropic polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline hydrogel can work as a stretching/compressing/bending electrode, maintaining its stable output under complex deformations for an all-solid-state supercapacitor. In particular, it achieves an extremely high energy density of 27.5 W h kg−1, which is among that of state-of-the-art stretchable supercapacitors. Energy storage devices that can endure large and complex deformations are central to the development of wearable electronics. Here the authors present a cryopolymerization strategy for preparing an anisotropic polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline hydrogel for flexible supercapacitor electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Hengyi Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jingsan Xu
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - Jixin Zhu
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, 710072, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China.
| | - Tianxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, 201620, Shanghai, P. R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 214122, Wuxi, P. R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China.
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Gu M, Song WJ, Hong J, Kim SY, Shin TJ, Kotov NA, Park S, Kim BS. Stretchable batteries with gradient multilayer conductors. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaaw1879. [PMID: 31360766 PMCID: PMC6660205 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw1879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Stretchable conductors are essential components in next-generation deformable and wearable electronic devices. The ability of stretchable conductors to achieve sufficient electrical conductivity, however, remains limited under high strain, which is particularly detrimental for charge storage devices. In this study, we present stretchable conductors made from multiple layers of gradient assembled polyurethane (GAP) comprising gold nanoparticles capable of self-assembly under strain. Stratified layering affords control over the composite internal architecture at multiple scales, leading to metallic conductivity in both the lateral and transversal directions under strains of as high as 300%. The unique combination of the electrical and mechanical properties of GAP electrodes enables the development of a stretchable lithium-ion battery with a charge-discharge rate capability of 100 mAh g-1 at a current density of 0.5 A g-1 and remarkable cycle retention of 96% after 1000 cycles. The hierarchical GAP nanocomposites afford rapid fabrication of advanced charge storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsu Gu
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Woo-Jin Song
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyung Hong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Youb Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Joo Shin
- UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF), UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Nicholas A. Kotov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Michigan Institute of Translational Nanotechnology, 3233 Andora Drive, Ypsilanti, MI 48198, USA
- Corresponding author. (N.A.K.); (S.P.); (B.-S.K.)
| | - Soojin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (N.A.K.); (S.P.); (B.-S.K.)
| | - Byeong-Su Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author. (N.A.K.); (S.P.); (B.-S.K.)
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