1
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Zaier R, Bancerek M, Kluczyk-Korch K, Antosiewicz TJ. Influence of molecular structure on the coupling strength to a plasmonic nanoparticle and hot carrier generation. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 38835327 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01198h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Strong coupling between metal nanoparticles and molecules mixes their excitations, creating new eigenstates with modified properties such as altered chemical reactivity, different relaxation pathways or modified phase transitions. Here, we explore excited state plasmon-molecule coupling and discuss how strong coupling together with a changed orientation and number of an asymmetric molecule affects the generation of hot carriers in the system. We used a promising plasmonic material, magnesium, for the nanoparticle and coupled it with CPDT molecules, which are used in organic optoelectronic materials for organic electronic applications due to their facile modification, electron-rich structure, low band gap, high electrical conductivity and good charge transport properties. By employing computational quantum electronic tools we demonstrate the existence of a strong coupling mediated charge transfer plasmon whose direction, magnitude, and spectral position can be tuned. We find that the orientation of CPDT changes the nanoparticle-molecule gap for which maximum charge separation occurs, while larger gaps result in trapping hot carriers within the moieties due to weaker interactions. This research highlights the potential for tuning hot carrier generation in strongly coupled plasmon-molecule systems for enhanced energy generation or excited state chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Zaier
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Maria Bancerek
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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2
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Fusco Z, Koenig D, Smith SC, Beck FJ. Ab initio investigation of hot electron transfer in CO 2 plasmonic photocatalysis in the presence of hydroxyl adsorbate. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2024; 9:1030-1041. [PMID: 38623705 DOI: 10.1039/d4nh00046c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Photoreduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) on plasmonic structures is of great interest in photocatalysis to aid selectivity. While species commonly found in reaction environments and associated intermediates can steer the reaction down different pathways by altering the potential energy landscape of the system, they are often not addressed when designing efficient plasmonic catalysts. Here, we perform an atomistic study of the effect of the hydroxyl group (OH) on CO2 activation and hot electron generation and transfer using first-principles calculations. We show that the presence of OH is essential in breaking the linear symmetry of CO2, which leads to a charge redistribution and a decrease in the OCO angle to 134°, thereby activating CO2. Analysis of the partial density of states (pDOS) demonstrates that the OH group mediates the orbital hybridization between Au and CO2 resulting in more accessible states, thus facilitating charge transfer. By employing time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), we quantify the fraction of hot electrons directly generated into hybridized molecular states at resonance, demonstrating a broader energy distribution and an 11% increase in charge-transfer in the presence of OH groups. We further show that the spectral overlap between excitation energy and plasmon resonance plays a critical role in efficiently modulating electron transfer processes. These findings contribute to the mechanistic understanding of plasmon-mediated reactions and demonstrate the importance of co-adsorbed species in tailoring the electron transfer processes, opening new avenues for enhancing selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelio Fusco
- Renewable Fuel Group, School of Engineering, College of Engineering, Computing and Cybernetics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
| | - Dirk Koenig
- Integrated Materials Design Lab, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Sean C Smith
- Integrated Materials Design Lab, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Fiona Jean Beck
- Renewable Fuel Group, School of Engineering, College of Engineering, Computing and Cybernetics, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
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3
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Mokkath JH. Hot carrier creation in a nanoparticle dimer-molecule composite. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14796-14807. [PMID: 38717785 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00950a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Light-matter interactions have garnered considerable interest owing to their burgeoning applications in quantum optics and plasmonics. Utilizing first principles calculations, this work explores the hot carrier (HC) generation and distribution within a composite system made up of a plasmonic nanoparticle dimer and linear polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules. We examine the spatial and energetic distributions of HCs by initiating photoexcitation and allowing localized surface plasmon dephasing. By positioning PAH molecules within the plasmonic nanodimer's gap region, our investigation uncovers HC tuning. Notably, depending on the size of the PAH molecules, there are significant alterations in the HC distribution. Hot electrons (HEs) are distributed across both the nanodimer and the PAH molecule, while hot holes (HHs) become entirely localized on the PAH as the PAH grows larger. These findings improve our understanding of plasmon-molecule coupled states and provide guidance on how to customize HC distributions through the creation of hybrid plasmonic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junais Habeeb Mokkath
- College of Integrative Studies, Abdullah Al Salem University (AASU), Block 3, Khaldiya, Kuwait.
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4
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Mokkath JH. The impact of a dopant atom on the distribution of hot electrons and holes in Au-doped Ag nano-clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:12168-12178. [PMID: 38591187 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The generation of hot carriers (HCs) through the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in metal nanostructures is a fascinating phenomenon that fuels both fundamental and applied research. In this study, we employ first principles real-time time-dependent density-functional theory (rt-TDDFT) calculations to elucidate the creation and distribution of HCs within Au-doped Ag nanoclusters: Ag11Cl3P7H21, Ag10AucoreCl3P7H21, and Ag10AusurfCl3P7H21 nanoclusters. Our findings indicate that adjustments in HC distribution are achievable through the Au dopant atom, and precise control of HC distribution is possible by manipulating the location of the Au dopant atom. When employing a Gaussian laser pulse tailored to match the LSPR frequency, a substantial accumulation of HCs in the Ag-P bond is observed. This finding suggests a weakening of the Ag-P bonds and, consequently, the initiation of bond stretching. We propose that these findings open up possibilities for tuning HCs in Au-doped chemically functionalized Ag nanoclusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junais Habeeb Mokkath
- College of Integrative Studies, Abdullah Al Salem University (AASU), Block 3, Khaldiya, Kuwait
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5
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Mortensen JJ, Larsen AH, Kuisma M, Ivanov AV, Taghizadeh A, Peterson A, Haldar A, Dohn AO, Schäfer C, Jónsson EÖ, Hermes ED, Nilsson FA, Kastlunger G, Levi G, Jónsson H, Häkkinen H, Fojt J, Kangsabanik J, Sødequist J, Lehtomäki J, Heske J, Enkovaara J, Winther KT, Dulak M, Melander MM, Ovesen M, Louhivuori M, Walter M, Gjerding M, Lopez-Acevedo O, Erhart P, Warmbier R, Würdemann R, Kaappa S, Latini S, Boland TM, Bligaard T, Skovhus T, Susi T, Maxson T, Rossi T, Chen X, Schmerwitz YLA, Schiøtz J, Olsen T, Jacobsen KW, Thygesen KS. GPAW: An open Python package for electronic structure calculations. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:092503. [PMID: 38450733 DOI: 10.1063/5.0182685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
We review the GPAW open-source Python package for electronic structure calculations. GPAW is based on the projector-augmented wave method and can solve the self-consistent density functional theory (DFT) equations using three different wave-function representations, namely real-space grids, plane waves, and numerical atomic orbitals. The three representations are complementary and mutually independent and can be connected by transformations via the real-space grid. This multi-basis feature renders GPAW highly versatile and unique among similar codes. By virtue of its modular structure, the GPAW code constitutes an ideal platform for the implementation of new features and methodologies. Moreover, it is well integrated with the Atomic Simulation Environment (ASE), providing a flexible and dynamic user interface. In addition to ground-state DFT calculations, GPAW supports many-body GW band structures, optical excitations from the Bethe-Salpeter Equation, variational calculations of excited states in molecules and solids via direct optimization, and real-time propagation of the Kohn-Sham equations within time-dependent DFT. A range of more advanced methods to describe magnetic excitations and non-collinear magnetism in solids are also now available. In addition, GPAW can calculate non-linear optical tensors of solids, charged crystal point defects, and much more. Recently, support for graphics processing unit (GPU) acceleration has been achieved with minor modifications to the GPAW code thanks to the CuPy library. We end the review with an outlook, describing some future plans for GPAW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Jørgen Mortensen
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ask Hjorth Larsen
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mikael Kuisma
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Aleksei V Ivanov
- Riverlane Ltd., St Andrews House, 59 St Andrews Street, Cambridge CB2 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Alireza Taghizadeh
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andrew Peterson
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA
| | - Anubhab Haldar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Asmus Ougaard Dohn
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark and Science Institute and Faculty of Physical Sciences, VR-III, University of Iceland, Reykjavík 107, Iceland
| | - Christian Schäfer
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elvar Örn Jónsson
- Science Institute and Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Iceland, VR-III, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Eric D Hermes
- Quantum-Si, 29 Business Park Drive, Branford, Connecticut 06405, USA
| | | | - Georg Kastlunger
- CatTheory, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Gianluca Levi
- Science Institute and Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Iceland, VR-III, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Hannes Jónsson
- Science Institute and Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Iceland, VR-III, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Hannu Häkkinen
- Departments of Physics and Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jakub Fojt
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jiban Kangsabanik
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Joachim Sødequist
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jouko Lehtomäki
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, P.O. Box 11100, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Julian Heske
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jussi Enkovaara
- CSC-IT Center for Science Ltd., P.O. Box 405, FI-02101 Espoo, Finland
| | - Kirsten Trøstrup Winther
- SUNCAT Center for Interface Science and Catalysis, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Marcin Dulak
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marko M Melander
- Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Martin Ovesen
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Martti Louhivuori
- CSC-IT Center for Science Ltd., P.O. Box 405, FI-02101 Espoo, Finland
| | - Michael Walter
- FIT Freiburg Centre for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Morten Gjerding
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Olga Lopez-Acevedo
- Biophysics of Tropical Diseases, Max Planck Tandem Group, University of Antioquia UdeA, 050010 Medellin, Colombia
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert Warmbier
- School of Physics and Mandelstam Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, 2001 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Rolf Würdemann
- Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum, Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sami Kaappa
- Computational Physics Laboratory, Tampere University, P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Simone Latini
- Nanomade, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tara Maria Boland
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Bligaard
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thorbjørn Skovhus
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Toma Susi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tristan Maxson
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - Tuomas Rossi
- CSC-IT Center for Science Ltd., P.O. Box 405, FI-02101 Espoo, Finland
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | | | - Jakob Schiøtz
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Thomas Olsen
- CAMD, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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6
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Tang J, Li Y, Ye S, Jiang P, Xue Z, Li X, Lyu X, Liu Q, Chu S, Yang H, Wu C, Hu X, Gao Y, Wang S, Sun Q, Lu G, Gong Q. Direct Hot-Electron Transfer at the Au Nanoparticle/Monolayer Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Interface Observed with Ultrahigh Spatiotemporal Resolution. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2931-2938. [PMID: 38377049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Plasmon-induced hot-electron transfer at the metallic nanoparticle/semiconductor interface is the basis of plasmon-enhanced photocatalysis and energy harvesting. However, limited by the nanoscale size of hot spots and femtosecond time scale of hot-electron transfer, direct observation is still challenging. Herein, by using spatiotemporal-resolved photoemission electron microscopy with a two-color pump-probe beamline, we directly observed such a process with a concise system, the Au nanoparticle/monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) interface. The ultrafast hot-electron transfer from Au nanoparticles to monolayer TMDs and the plasmon-enhanced transfer process were directly measured and verified through an in situ comparison with the Au film/TMD interface and free TMDs. The lifetime at the Au nanoparticle/MoSe2 interface decreased from 410 to 42 fs, while the photoemission intensities exhibited a 27-fold increase compared to free MoSe2. We also measured the evolution of hot electrons in the energy distributions, indicating the hot-electron injection and decay happened in an ultrafast time scale of ∼50 fs without observable electron cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglin Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yaolong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Sheng Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Pengzuo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhaohang Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaying Lyu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qinyun Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Saisai Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hong Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Chengyin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Xiaoyong Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yunan Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Shufeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
| | - Guowei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics & Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-optoelectronics, Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Peking University Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Nantong, Jiangsu 226010, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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7
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Mokkath JH. Plasmon induced hot carrier distribution in Ag 20 -CO composite. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300602. [PMID: 38185742 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The interaction between plasmons and the molecules leads to the transfer of plasmon-induced hot carriers, presenting innovative opportunities for controlling chemical reactions on sub-femtosecond timescales. Through real-time time-dependent density functional theory simulations, we have investigated the enhancement of the electric field due to plasmon excitation and the subsequent generation and transfer of plasmon-induced hot carriers in a linear atomic chain of Ag20 and an Ag20 -CO composite system. By applying a Gaussian laser pulse tuned to align with the plasmon frequency, we observe a plasmon-induced transfer of hot electrons from the occupied states of Ag to the unoccupied molecular orbitals of CO. Remarkably, there is a pronounced accumulation of hot electrons and hot holes on the C and O atoms. This phenomenon arises from the electron migration from the inter-nuclear regions of the C-O bond towards the individual C and O atoms. The insights garnered from our study hold the potential to drive advancements in the development of more efficient systems for catalytic processes empowered by plasmonic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junais Habeeb Mokkath
- Quantum Nanophotonics Simulations Lab, Department of Physics, Kuwait College of Science And Technology, Doha Area, 7th Ring Road, P.O. Box, 27235, Kuwait
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8
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Xu J, Carney TE, Zhou R, Shepard C, Kanai Y. Real-Time Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory for Simulating Nonequilibrium Electron Dynamics. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5011-5029. [PMID: 38362887 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The explicit real-time propagation approach for time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) has increasingly become a popular first-principles computational method for modeling various time-dependent electronic properties of complex chemical systems. In this Perspective, we provide a nontechnical discussion of how this first-principles simulation approach has been used to gain novel physical insights into nonequilibrium electron dynamics phenomena in recent years. Following a concise overview of the RT-TDDFT methodology from a practical standpoint, we discuss our recent studies on the electronic stopping of DNA in water and the Floquet topological phase as examples. Our discussion focuses on how RT-TDDFT simulations played a unique role in deriving new scientific understandings. We then discuss existing challenges and some new advances at the frontier of RT-TDDFT method development for studying increasingly complex dynamic phenomena and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Thomas E Carney
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Ruiyi Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Christopher Shepard
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Yosuke Kanai
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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9
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Fojt J, Rossi TP, Kumar PV, Erhart P. Tailoring Hot-Carrier Distributions of Plasmonic Nanostructures through Surface Alloying. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6398-6405. [PMID: 38363179 PMCID: PMC10906084 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Alloyed metal nanoparticles are a promising platform for plasmonically enabled hot-carrier generation, which can be used to drive photochemical reactions. Although the non-plasmonic component in these systems has been investigated for its potential to enhance catalytic activity, its capacity to affect the photochemical process favorably has been underexplored by comparison. Here, we study the impact of surface alloy species and concentration on hot-carrier generation in Ag nanoparticles. By first-principles simulations, we photoexcite the localized surface plasmon, allow it to dephase, and calculate spatially and energetically resolved hot-carrier distributions. We show that the presence of non-noble species in the topmost surface layer drastically enhances hot-hole generation at the surface at the expense of hot-hole generation in the bulk, due to the additional d-type states that are introduced to the surface. The energy of the generated holes can be tuned by choice of the alloyant, with systematic trends across the d-band block. Already low surface alloy concentrations have a large impact, with a saturation of the enhancement effect typically close to 75% of a monolayer. Hot-electron generation at the surface is hindered slightly by alloying, but here a judicious choice of the alloy composition allows one to strike a balance between hot electrons and holes. Our work underscores the promise of utilizing multicomponent nanoparticles to achieve enhanced control over plasmonic catalysis and provides guidelines for how hot-carrier distributions can be tailored by designing the electronic structure of the surface through alloying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Fojt
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tuomas P. Rossi
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Priyank V. Kumar
- School
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of New South Wales, 2052 Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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10
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Dall’Osto G, Marsili M, Vanzan M, Toffoli D, Stener M, Corni S, Coccia E. Peeking into the Femtosecond Hot-Carrier Dynamics Reveals Unexpected Mechanisms in Plasmonic Photocatalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2208-2218. [PMID: 38199967 PMCID: PMC10811681 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Plasmonic-driven photocatalysis may lead to reaction selectivity that cannot be otherwise achieved. A fundamental role is played by hot carriers, i.e., electrons and holes generated upon plasmonic decay within the metal nanostructure interacting with molecular species. Understanding the elusive microscopic mechanism behind such selectivity is a key step in the rational design of hot-carrier reactions. To accomplish that, we present state-of-the-art multiscale simulations, going beyond density functional theory, of hot-carrier injections for the rate-determining step of a photocatalytic reaction. We focus on carbon dioxide reduction, for which it was experimentally shown that the presence of a rhodium nanocube under illumination leads to the selective production of methane against carbon monoxide. We show that selectivity is due to a (predominantly) direct hole injection from rhodium to the reaction intermediate CHO. Unexpectedly, such an injection does not promote the selective reaction path by favoring proper bond breaking but rather by promoting bonding of the proper molecular fragment to the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Dall’Osto
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Margherita Marsili
- Dipartimento
di Fisica e Astronomia “Augusto Righi”, University of Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mirko Vanzan
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, University of Milan, Via Giovanni Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Daniele Toffoli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University
of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mauro Stener
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University
of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Corni
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Istituto
Nanoscienze-CNR, via
Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Emanuele Coccia
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, University
of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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11
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Mokkath JH. Interface plasmon damping in the Cd 33Se 33/Ti 2C MXene heterostructure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:28761-28769. [PMID: 37850362 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02644b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
MXenes, a class of two-dimensional materials, have shown immense potential in various applications such as energy storage, electromagnetic shielding, solar cells, smart fabrics, optoelectronics, and plasmonics. In this study, we employ first-principles density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations to investigate a semiconductor-metal heterostructure composed of a Cd33Se33 cluster and Ti2C MXene monolayer flakes. Our research focuses on the formation and damping of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) within this heterostructure. We discover that the Cd33Se33/Ti2C interface gives rise to a Schottky barrier. Importantly, this interface formation results in the damping of the Ti2C LSPR, thereby facilitating the transfer of electrons into the Cd33Se33 cluster. By directly visualizing the LSPR damping phenomenon, our study enhances our understanding of the semiconductor-MXene interface and provides novel insights for the design of MXene-based photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junais Habeeb Mokkath
- Quantum Nanophotonics Simulations Lab, Department of Physics, Kuwait College of Science and Technology, Doha Area, 7th Ring Road, P.O. Box 27235, Kuwait.
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12
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Wu F, Li F, Tian Y, Lv X, Luan X, Xu G, Niu W. Surface Topographical Engineering of Chiral Au Nanocrystals with Chiral Hot Spots for Plasmon-Enhanced Chiral Discrimination. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8233-8240. [PMID: 37589668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Surface roughness in chiral plasmonic nanostructures generates asymmetrical localized electromagnetic fields, which hold great promise for applications in chiral recognition, chiroptical spectroscopic sensing, and enantioselective photocatalysis. In this study, we develop a surface topographical engineering approach to precisely manipulate the surface structures of chiral Au nanocrystals. Through carefully controlling the amounts of l- or d-cystine (Cys) and the seed solution in the growth process, we successfully synthesize chiral Au nanocrystals with highly disordered, ordered, and less ordered wrinkled surfaces. An underlying principle governing the relationship between surface roughness, orderliness, and chiroptical response is also proposed. More importantly, the chiral ordered wrinkles on the surfaces of the nanocrystals generate asymmetrical localized electronic fields with enhanced intensity, which achieve excellent plasmon-enhanced chiral discrimination ability for penicillamine (Pen) enantiomers. This work offers exciting prospects for manipulating the surface structures of chiral nanocrystals and designing highly sensitive plasmon-enhanced enantioselective sensors with chiral hot spots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Fenghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiali Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaoxi Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Wenxin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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13
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Giri A, Walton SG, Tomko J, Bhatt N, Johnson MJ, Boris DR, Lu G, Caldwell JD, Prezhdo OV, Hopkins PE. Ultrafast and Nanoscale Energy Transduction Mechanisms and Coupled Thermal Transport across Interfaces. ACS NANO 2023; 17:14253-14282. [PMID: 37459320 PMCID: PMC10416573 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The coupled interactions among the fundamental carriers of charge, heat, and electromagnetic fields at interfaces and boundaries give rise to energetic processes that enable a wide array of technologies. The energy transduction among these coupled carriers results in thermal dissipation at these surfaces, often quantified by the thermal boundary resistance, thus driving the functionalities of the modern nanotechnologies that are continuing to provide transformational benefits in computing, communication, health care, clean energy, power recycling, sensing, and manufacturing, to name a few. It is the purpose of this Review to summarize recent works that have been reported on ultrafast and nanoscale energy transduction and heat transfer mechanisms across interfaces when different thermal carriers couple near or across interfaces. We review coupled heat transfer mechanisms at interfaces of solids, liquids, gasses, and plasmas that drive the resulting interfacial heat transfer and temperature gradients due to energy and momentum coupling among various combinations of electrons, vibrons, photons, polaritons (plasmon polaritons and phonon polaritons), and molecules. These interfacial thermal transport processes with coupled energy carriers involve relatively recent research, and thus, several opportunities exist to further develop these nascent fields, which we comment on throughout the course of this Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Giri
- Department
of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Scott G. Walton
- Plasma
Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 22032, United States
| | - John Tomko
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Niraj Bhatt
- Department
of Mechanical, Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Michael J. Johnson
- Plasma
Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 22032, United States
| | - David R. Boris
- Plasma
Physics Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 22032, United States
| | - Guanyu Lu
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Joshua D. Caldwell
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Interdisciplinary
Materials Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Patrick E. Hopkins
- Department
of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
- Department
of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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14
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Wang Y, Aikens CM. Effects of Field Strength and Silver Nanowire Size on Plasmon-Enhanced N 2 Dissociation. J Phys Chem A 2023. [PMID: 37379020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Dissociation of the nitrogen molecule via plasmon-enhanced catalysis using noble metal nanoparticles has been investigated both experimentally and computationally in recent years. However, the mechanism of plasmon-enhanced nitrogen dissociation is still not very clear. In this work, we apply theoretical approaches to examine the dissociation of a nitrogen molecule on atomically thin Agn nanowires (n = 6, 8, 10, 12) and a Ag19+ nanorod. Ehrenfest dynamics provides information about the motion of nuclei during the dynamics process and real-time TDDFT calculations show the electronic transitions and population of electrons over the first 10 s of fs time scale. The activation and dissociation of nitrogen are typically enhanced when the electric field strength increases. However, the enhancement is not always monotonic with field strength. As the length of the Ag wire increases, nitrogen is typically easier to dissociate and thus requires lower field strengths, even though the plasmon frequency is lower. The Ag19+ nanorod leads to faster dissociation of N2 than the atomically thin nanowires. Overall, our detailed study yields insights into the mechanisms involved in plasmon-enhanced N2 dissociation, as well as provides information about factors that can be used to improve adsorbate activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Christine M Aikens
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
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15
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Li W, Xue T, Mora-Perez C, Prezhdo OV. Ab initio quantum dynamics of plasmonic charge carriers. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2023.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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16
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Wang X, Gao S, Ma J. Schottky barrier effect on plasmon-induced charge transfer. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:1754-1762. [PMID: 36598756 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05937a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon-induced charge transfer causes electron-hole spatial separation at the metal-semiconductor interface, which plays a key role in photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications. The Schottky barrier formed at the metal-semiconductor interface can modify the hot carrier dynamics. Taking the Ag-TiO2 system as an example, we have investigated plasmon-induced charge transfer at the Schottky junction using quantum mechanical simulations. We find that the Schottky barrier induced by n-type doping enhances the electron transfer and that induced by p-type doping enhances the hole transfer, which is attributed to the shift of the Fermi energy and the band bending of the Schottky junction at the interface. The Schottky barrier also modifies the layer distribution of hot carriers. In particular, for the system with a large band bending, there exists electron-hole spatial separation inside the TiO2 substrate. Our results reveal the mechanism and dynamics of charge transfer at the Schottky junction, and pave the way for manipulating plasmon-assisted photocatalytic and photovoltaic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wang
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Shiwu Gao
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jie Ma
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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17
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Fojt J, Rossi TP, Kuisma M, Erhart P. Hot-Carrier Transfer across a Nanoparticle-Molecule Junction: The Importance of Orbital Hybridization and Level Alignment. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:8786-8792. [PMID: 36200744 PMCID: PMC9650767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
While direct hot-carrier transfer can increase photocatalytic activity, it is difficult to discern experimentally and competes with several other mechanisms. To shed light on these aspects, here, we model from first-principles hot-carrier generation across the interface between plasmonic nanoparticles and a CO molecule. The hot-electron transfer probability depends nonmonotonically on the nanoparticle-molecule distance and can be effective at long distances, even before a strong chemical bond can form; hot-hole transfer on the other hand is limited to shorter distances. These observations can be explained by the energetic alignment between molecular and nanoparticle states as well as the excitation frequency. The hybridization of the molecular orbitals is the key predictor for hot-carrier transfer in these systems, emphasizing the necessity of ground state hybridization for accurate predictions. Finally, we show a nontrivial dependence of the hot-carrier distribution on the excitation energy, which could be exploited when optimizing photocatalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Fojt
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tuomas P. Rossi
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Mikael Kuisma
- Department
of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens
Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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18
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Ma J, Wang J, Gao S. Effect of light polarization on plasmon-induced charge transfer. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:244704. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0094444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoclusters can strongly absorb light energy and generate hot carriers, which have great potentials in photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications. A vital step for those plasmonic applications is the charge transfer at the metal–semiconductor interface. The effect of the light polarization on the charge transfer has not been theoretically investigated so far. Here, we take the Ag–TiO2 system as a model system to study the polarization effect using time-dependent density functional theory simulations. We find that the charge transfer is sensitive to the light polarization, which has its origin in the polarization-dependent hot carrier distributions. For the linearly polarized light, it shows a sine-square dependence on the polar angle, indicating that the charge transfer response to the linear polarization can be decomposed into components perpendicular and parallel to the interface. We also find that there exists directional charge transfer with a circular light polarization. Our results demonstrate that the light polarization can significantly affect the charge transfer behavior and, thus, offer a new degree of freedom to manipulate the plasmonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiayuan Wang
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shiwu Gao
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
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19
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Fang S, Hu YH. Thermo-photo catalysis: a whole greater than the sum of its parts. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3609-3647. [PMID: 35419581 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00782c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Thermo-photo catalysis, which is the catalysis with the participation of both thermal and photo energies, not only reduces the large energy consumption of thermal catalysis but also addresses the low efficiency of photocatalysis. As a whole greater than the sum of its parts, thermo-photo catalysis has been proven as an effective and promising technology to drive chemical reactions. In this review, we first clarify the definition (beyond photo-thermal catalysis and plasmonic catalysis), classification, and principles of thermo-photo catalysis and then reveal its superiority over individual thermal catalysis and photocatalysis. After elucidating the design principles and strategies toward highly efficient thermo-photo catalytic systems, an ample discussion on the synergetic effects of thermal and photo energies is provided from two perspectives, namely, the promotion of photocatalysis by thermal energy and the promotion of thermal catalysis by photo energy. Subsequently, state-of-the-art techniques applied to explore thermo-photo catalytic mechanisms are reviewed, followed by a summary on the broad applications of thermo-photo catalysis and its energy management toward industrialization. In the end, current challenges and potential research directions related to thermo-photo catalysis are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Fang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931-1295, USA.
| | - Yun Hang Hu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931-1295, USA.
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20
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Ezendam S, Herran M, Nan L, Gruber C, Kang Y, Gröbmeyer F, Lin R, Gargiulo J, Sousa-Castillo A, Cortés E. Hybrid Plasmonic Nanomaterials for Hydrogen Generation and Carbon Dioxide Reduction. ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2022; 7:778-815. [PMID: 35178471 PMCID: PMC8845048 DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.1c02241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The successful development of artificial photosynthesis requires finding new materials able to efficiently harvest sunlight and catalyze hydrogen generation and carbon dioxide reduction reactions. Plasmonic nanoparticles are promising candidates for these tasks, due to their ability to confine solar energy into molecular regions. Here, we review recent developments in hybrid plasmonic photocatalysis, including the combination of plasmonic nanomaterials with catalytic metals, semiconductors, perovskites, 2D materials, metal-organic frameworks, and electrochemical cells. We perform a quantitative comparison of the demonstrated activity and selectivity of these materials for solar fuel generation in the liquid phase. In this way, we critically assess the state-of-the-art of hybrid plasmonic photocatalysts for solar fuel production, allowing its benchmarking against other existing heterogeneous catalysts. Our analysis allows the identification of the best performing plasmonic systems, useful to design a new generation of plasmonic catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Ezendam
- Faculty
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Matias Herran
- Faculty
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Lin Nan
- Faculty
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Christoph Gruber
- Faculty
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Yicui Kang
- Faculty
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Franz Gröbmeyer
- Faculty
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Rui Lin
- Faculty
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Julian Gargiulo
- Faculty
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Ana Sousa-Castillo
- Faculty
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80539 München, Germany
| | - Emiliano Cortés
- Faculty
of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80539 München, Germany
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21
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22
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Zhang Y, Yan L, Guan M, Chen D, Xu Z, Guo H, Hu S, Zhang S, Liu X, Guo Z, Li S, Meng S. Indirect to Direct Charge Transfer Transition in Plasmon-Enabled CO 2 Photoreduction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2102978. [PMID: 34766740 PMCID: PMC8805563 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding hot carrier dynamics between plasmonic nanomaterials and its adsorbate is of great importance for plasmon-enhanced photoelectronic processes such as photocatalysis, optical sensing and spectroscopic analysis. However, it is often challenging to identify specific dominant mechanisms for a given process because of the complex pathways and ultrafast interactive dynamics of the photoelectrons. Here, using CO2 reduction as an example, the underlying mechanisms of plasmon-driven catalysis at the single-molecule level using time-dependent density functional theory calculations is clearly probed. The CO2 molecule adsorbed on two typical nanoclusters, Ag20 and Ag147 , is photoreduced by optically excited plasmon, accompanied by the excitation of asymmetric stretching and bending modes of CO2 . A nonlinear relationship has been identified between laser intensity and reaction rate, demonstrating a synergic interplay and transition from indirect hot-electron transfer to direct charge transfer, enacted by strong localized surface plasmons. These findings offer new insights for CO2 photoreduction and for the design of effective pathways toward highly efficient plasmon-mediated photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Lei Yan
- School of Physics and Information TechnologyShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an710119P. R. China
| | - Mengxue Guan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Daqiang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Zhe Xu
- Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Haizhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Shengjie Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Xinbao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
| | - Zhengxiao Guo
- Departments of Chemistry and Mechanical EngineeringThe University of Hong KongHong Kong999077P. R. China
- HKU Zhejiang Institute of Research and InnovationThe University of Hong KongHangzhou311305P. R. China
| | - Shunfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Material PhysicsMinistry of EducationSchool of Physics and MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001P. R. China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
- School of Physical SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190P. R. China
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23
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Besteiro LV, Movsesyan A, Ávalos-Ovando O, Lee S, Cortés E, Correa-Duarte MA, Wang ZM, Govorov AO. Local Growth Mediated by Plasmonic Hot Carriers: Chirality from Achiral Nanocrystals Using Circularly Polarized Light. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:10315-10324. [PMID: 34860527 PMCID: PMC8704195 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanocrystals and their assemblies are excellent tools to create functional systems, including systems with strong chiral optical responses. Here we study the possibility of growing chiral plasmonic nanocrystals from strictly nonchiral seeds of different types by using circularly polarized light as the chirality-inducing mechanism. We present a novel theoretical methodology that simulates realistic nonlinear and inhomogeneous photogrowth processes in plasmonic nanocrystals, mediated by the excitation of hot carriers that can drive surface chemistry. We show the strongly anisotropic and chiral growth of oriented nanocrystals with lowered symmetry, with the striking feature that such chiral growth can appear even for nanocrystals with subwavelength sizes. Furthermore, we show that the chiral growth of nanocrystals in solution is fundamentally challenging. This work explores new ways of growing monolithic chiral plasmonic nanostructures and can be useful for the development of plasmonic photocatalysis and fabrication technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas V. Besteiro
- Institute
of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
- Centre
Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Varennes, Québec J3X 1S2, Canada
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Artur Movsesyan
- Institute
of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy and the Nanoscale & Quantum Phenomena
Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Oscar Ávalos-Ovando
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy and the Nanoscale & Quantum Phenomena
Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Seunghoon Lee
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Emiliano Cortés
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Zhiming M. Wang
- Institute
of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
- Institute
for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Alexander O. Govorov
- Institute
of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University
of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, People’s Republic of China
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy and the Nanoscale & Quantum Phenomena
Institute, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
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24
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Geng X, Abdellah M, Bericat Vadell R, Folkenant M, Edvinsson T, Sá J. Direct Plasmonic Solar Cell Efficiency Dependence on Spiro-OMeTAD Li-TFSI Content. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123329. [PMID: 34947678 PMCID: PMC8708565 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The proliferation of the internet of things (IoT) and other low-power devices demands the development of energy harvesting solutions to alleviate IoT hardware dependence on single-use batteries, making their deployment more sustainable. The propagation of energy harvesting solutions is strongly associated with technical performance, cost and aesthetics, with the latter often being the driver of adoption. The general abundance of light in the vicinity of IoT devices under their main operation window enables the use of indoor and outdoor photovoltaics as energy harvesters. From those, highly transparent solar cells allow an increased possibility to place a sustainable power source close to the sensors without significant visual appearance. Herein, we report the effect of hole transport layer Li-TFSI dopant content on semi-transparent, direct plasmonic solar cells (DPSC) with a transparency of more than 80% in the 450-800 nm region. The findings revealed that the amount of oxidized spiro-OMeTAD (spiro+TFSI-) significantly modulates the transparency, effective conductance and conditions of device performance, with an optimal performance reached at around 33% relative concentration of Li-TFSI concerning spiro-OMeTAD. The Li-TFSI content did not affect the immediate charge extraction, as revealed by an analysis of electron-phonon lifetime. Hot electrons and holes were injected into the respective layers within 150 fs, suggesting simultaneous injection, as supported by the absence of hysteresis in the I-V curves. The spiro-OMeTAD layer reduces the Au nanoparticles' reflection/backscattering, which improves the overall cell transparency. The results show that the system can be made highly transparent by precise tuning of the doping level of the spiro-OMeTAD layer with retained plasmonics, large optical cross-sections and the ultrathin nature of the devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Geng
- Department of Chemistry—Angstrom, Uppsala University, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden; (X.G.); (R.B.V.)
| | - Mohamed Abdellah
- R&D Division, Peafowl Solar Power AB, 756 43 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.A.); (M.F.)
- Department of Chemistry, Qena Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Robert Bericat Vadell
- Department of Chemistry—Angstrom, Uppsala University, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden; (X.G.); (R.B.V.)
| | - Matilda Folkenant
- R&D Division, Peafowl Solar Power AB, 756 43 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.A.); (M.F.)
| | - Tomas Edvinsson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering—Solid State Physics, Uppsala University, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Jacinto Sá
- Department of Chemistry—Angstrom, Uppsala University, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden; (X.G.); (R.B.V.)
- R&D Division, Peafowl Solar Power AB, 756 43 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.A.); (M.F.)
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences (IChF-PAN), 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-18-471-6806
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25
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Oksenberg E, Shlesinger I, Xomalis A, Baldi A, Baumberg JJ, Koenderink AF, Garnett EC. Energy-resolved plasmonic chemistry in individual nanoreactors. NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 16:1378-1385. [PMID: 34608268 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-021-00973-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic resonances can concentrate light into exceptionally small volumes, which approach the molecular scale. The extreme light confinement provides an advantageous pathway to probe molecules at the surface of plasmonic nanostructures with highly sensitive spectroscopies, such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering. Unavoidable energy losses associated with metals, which are usually seen as a nuisance, carry invaluable information on energy transfer to the adsorbed molecules through the resonance linewidth. We measured a thousand single nanocavities with sharp gap plasmon resonances spanning the red to near-infrared spectral range and used changes in their linewidth, peak energy and surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectra to monitor energy transfer and plasmon-driven chemical reactions at their surface. Using methylene blue as a model system, we measured shifts in the absorption spectrum of molecules following surface adsorption and revealed a rich plasmon-driven reactivity landscape that consists of distinct reaction pathways that occur in separate resonance energy windows.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Angelos Xomalis
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrea Baldi
- DIFFER-Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- NanoPhotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Erik C Garnett
- Center for Nanophotonics, AMOLF, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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26
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Zhang Y, Chen D, Meng W, Li S, Meng S. Plasmon-Induced Water Splitting on Ag-Alloyed Pt Single-Atom Catalysts. Front Chem 2021; 9:742794. [PMID: 34760868 PMCID: PMC8573343 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.742794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A promising route to realize solar-to-chemical energy conversion resorts to water splitting using plasmon photocatalysis. However, the ultrafast carrier dynamics and underlying mechanism in such processes has seldom been investigated, especially when the single-atom catalyst is introduced. Here, from the perspective of quantum dynamics at the atomic length scale and femtosecond time scale, we probe the carrier and structural dynamics of plasmon-assisted water splitting on an Ag-alloyed Pt single-atom catalyst, represented by the Ag19Pt nanocluster. The substitution of an Ag atom by the Pt atom at the tip of the tetrahedron Ag20 enhances the interaction between water and the nanoparticle. The excitation of localized surface plasmons in the Ag19Pt cluster strengthens the charge separation and electron transfer upon illumination. These facts cooperatively turn on more than one charge transfer channels and give rise to enhanced charge transfer from the metal nanoparticle to the water molecule, resulting in rapid plasmon-induced water splitting. These results provide atomistic insights and guidelines for the design of efficient single-atom photocatalysts for plasmon-assisted water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Daqiang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weite Meng
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,School of Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, China
| | - Shunfang Li
- Key Laboratory of Material Physics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sheng Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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27
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Grobas Illobre P, Marsili M, Corni S, Stener M, Toffoli D, Coccia E. Time-Resolved Excited-State Analysis of Molecular Electron Dynamics by TDDFT and Bethe-Salpeter Equation Formalisms. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:6314-6329. [PMID: 34486881 PMCID: PMC8515806 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a theoretical and computational set of tools to study and analyze time-resolved electron dynamics in molecules, under the influence of one or more external pulses, is presented. By coupling electronic-structure methods with the resolution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, we developed and implemented the time-resolved induced density of the electronic wavepacket, the time-resolved formulation of the differential projection density of states (ΔPDOS), and of transition contribution map (TCM) to look at the single-electron orbital occupation and localization change in time. Moreover, to further quantify the possible charge transfer, we also defined the energy-integrated ΔPDOS and the fragment-projected TCM. We have used time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT), as implemented in ADF software, and the Bethe-Salpeter equation, as provided by MolGW package, for the description of the electronic excited states. This suite of postprocessing tools also provides the time evolution of the electronic states of the system of interest. To illustrate the usefulness of these postprocessing tools, excited-state populations have been computed for HBDI (the chromophore of GFP) and DNQDI molecules interacting with a sequence of two pulses. Time-resolved descriptors have been applied to study the time-resolved electron dynamics of HBDI, DNQDI, LiCN (being a model system for dipole switching upon highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) electronic excitation), and Ag22. The computational analysis tools presented in this article can be employed to help the interpretation of fast and ultrafast spectroscopies on molecular, supramolecular, and composite systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Grobas Illobre
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Universitá
di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - M. Marsili
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Universitá di
Padova, via Marzolo 1, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - S. Corni
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Universitá di
Padova, via Marzolo 1, Padova 35131, Italy
- CNR
Istituto di Nanoscienze, via Campi 213/A, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - M. Stener
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Universitá
di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - D. Toffoli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Universitá
di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
| | - E. Coccia
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Universitá
di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste 34127, Italy
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28
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Ma J, Zhang X, Gao S. Tunable electron and hole injection channels at plasmonic Al-TiO 2 interfaces. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14073-14080. [PMID: 34477688 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03697a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metallic nanostructures can strongly absorb light through their plasmon excitations, whose nonradiative decay generates hot electron-hole pairs. When the metallic nanostructure is interfaced with a semiconductor, the spatial separation of hot carriers plays the central and decisive roles in photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications. In recent years, free-electron metals like Al have attracted tremendous attentions due to the much higher plasmon frequencies that could extend to the ultraviolet regime. Here, the plasmon excitations and charge separations at the Al-TiO2 interfaces have been investigated using quantum-mechanical calculations, where the atomic structures and electronic dynamics are all treated from first-principles. It is found that the high-frequency plasmon of Al produces abundant and broad-band hot-carrier distributions, where the electron-hole symmetry is broken by the presence of the semiconductor band gap. Such an asymmetric hot-carrier distribution provides two competing channels, which can be controlled either by tuning the laser frequency, or by harnessing the plasmon frequency through the geometry and shape of the metallic nanostructure. Our study suggests that the Al plasmon offers a versatile and tunable pathway for the charge transfer and separation, and has general implications in plasmon-assisted photovoltaics and photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics and Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
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29
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Cortés E, Besteiro LV, Alabastri A, Baldi A, Tagliabue G, Demetriadou A, Narang P. Challenges in Plasmonic Catalysis. ACS NANO 2020; 14:16202-16219. [PMID: 33314905 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanoplasmonics to control light and heat close to the thermodynamic limit enables exciting opportunities in the field of plasmonic catalysis. The decay of plasmonic excitations creates highly nonequilibrium distributions of hot carriers that can initiate or catalyze reactions through both thermal and nonthermal pathways. In this Perspective, we present the current understanding in the field of plasmonic catalysis, capturing vibrant debates in the literature, and discuss future avenues of exploration to overcome critical bottlenecks. Our Perspective spans first-principles theory and computation of correlated and far-from-equilibrium light-matter interactions, synthesis of new nanoplasmonic hybrids, and new steady-state and ultrafast spectroscopic probes of interactions in plasmonic catalysis, recognizing the key contributions of each discipline in realizing the promise of plasmonic catalysis. We conclude with our vision for fundamental and technological advances in the field of plasmon-driven chemical reactions in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Cortés
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539 München, Germany
| | | | - Alessandro Alabastri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street MS-378, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Andrea Baldi
- DIFFER - Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, De Zaale 20, 5612 AJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giulia Tagliabue
- Laboratory of Nanoscience for Energy Technologies (LNET), EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Angela Demetriadou
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Prineha Narang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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30
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Coccia E, Fregoni J, Guido CA, Marsili M, Pipolo S, Corni S. Hybrid theoretical models for molecular nanoplasmonics. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:200901. [PMID: 33261492 DOI: 10.1063/5.0027935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The multidisciplinary nature of the research in molecular nanoplasmonics, i.e., the use of plasmonic nanostructures to enhance, control, or suppress properties of molecules interacting with light, led to contributions from different theory communities over the years, with the aim of understanding, interpreting, and predicting the physical and chemical phenomena occurring at molecular- and nano-scale in the presence of light. Multiscale hybrid techniques, using a different level of description for the molecule and the plasmonic nanosystems, permit a reliable representation of the atomistic details and of collective features, such as plasmons, in such complex systems. Here, we focus on a selected set of topics of current interest in molecular plasmonics (control of electronic excitations in light-harvesting systems, polaritonic chemistry, hot-carrier generation, and plasmon-enhanced catalysis). We discuss how their description may benefit from a hybrid modeling approach and what are the main challenges for the application of such models. In doing so, we also provide an introduction to such models and to the selected topics, as well as general discussions on their theoretical descriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Coccia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche, Universit di Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - J Fregoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Informatiche e Matematiche, Universit di Modena e Reggio Emilia, via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - C A Guido
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universit di Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - M Marsili
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Universit di Padova, via F. Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Pipolo
- Université de Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Université d'Artois UMR 8181-UCCS Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - S Corni
- Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
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31
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Sun Q, Zu S, Misawa H. Ultrafast photoemission electron microscopy: Capability and potential in probing plasmonic nanostructures from multiple domains. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:120902. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0013659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Sun
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Shuai Zu
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Misawa
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
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32
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Rossi TP, Erhart P, Kuisma M. Hot-Carrier Generation in Plasmonic Nanoparticles: The Importance of Atomic Structure. ACS NANO 2020; 14:9963-9971. [PMID: 32687311 PMCID: PMC7458472 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles are attractive for plasmon-enhanced generation of hot carriers, which may be harnessed in photochemical reactions. In this work, we analyze the coherent femtosecond dynamics of photon absorption, plasmon formation, and subsequent hot-carrier generation through plasmon dephasing using first-principles simulations. We predict the energetic and spatial hot-carrier distributions in small metal nanoparticles and show that the distribution of hot electrons is very sensitive to the local structure. Our results show that surface sites exhibit enhanced hot-electron generation in comparison to the bulk of the nanoparticle. Although the details of the distribution depend on particle size and shape, as a general trend, lower-coordinated surface sites such as corners, edges, and {100} facets exhibit a higher proportion of hot electrons than higher-coordinated surface sites such as {111} facets or the core sites. The present results thereby demonstrate how hot carriers could be tailored by careful design of atomic-scale structures in nanoscale systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas P. Rossi
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mikael Kuisma
- Department
of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University
of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
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33
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Da Browski M, Dai Y, Petek H. Ultrafast Photoemission Electron Microscopy: Imaging Plasmons in Space and Time. Chem Rev 2020; 120:6247-6287. [PMID: 32530607 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonics is a rapidly growing field spanning research and applications across chemistry, physics, optics, energy harvesting, and medicine. Ultrafast photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) has demonstrated unprecedented power in the characterization of surface plasmons and other electronic excitations, as it uniquely combines the requisite spatial and temporal resolution, making it ideally suited for 3D space and time coherent imaging of the dynamical plasmonic phenomena on the nanofemto scale. The ability to visualize plasmonic fields evolving at the local speed of light on subwavelength scale with optical phase resolution illuminates old phenomena and opens new directions for growth of plasmonics research. In this review, we guide the reader thorough experimental description of PEEM as a characterization tool for both surface plasmon polaritons and localized plasmons and summarize the exciting progress it has opened by the ultrafast imaging of plasmonic phenomena on the nanofemto scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Da Browski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon EX4 4QL, U.K
| | - Yanan Dai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Hrvoje Petek
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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34
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Foerster B, Hartelt M, Collins SSE, Aeschlimann M, Link S, Sönnichsen C. Interfacial States Cause Equal Decay of Plasmons and Hot Electrons at Gold-Metal Oxide Interfaces. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:3338-3343. [PMID: 32216365 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We compare the decay of plasmons and "conventional" hot electrons within the same series of gold/metal oxide interfaces. We found an accelerated decay of hot electrons at gold-metal oxide interfaces with decreasing band gap of the oxide material. The decay is accelerated by the increased phase space for electron scattering caused by additional interfacial states. Since plasmons decay faster within the same series of gold-metal oxide interfaces, we propose plasmons are able to decay into the same interfacial states as hot electrons. The similarity of plasmon damping to conventional hot electron decay implies that many classical surface analysis techniques and theoretical concepts are transferable to plasmonic systems. Our results support the mechanism of direct decay of plasmons into interfacial hot electron pairs but the utility of these interfacial states for charge transfer reactions remains to be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Foerster
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School for Excellence Materials Science in Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael Hartelt
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Sean S E Collins
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Martin Aeschlimann
- Department of Physics and Research Center OPTIMAS, University of Kaiserslautern, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Stephan Link
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Texas 77005, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Carsten Sönnichsen
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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35
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DuChene JS, Tagliabue G, Welch AJ, Li X, Cheng WH, Atwater HA. Optical Excitation of a Nanoparticle Cu/p-NiO Photocathode Improves Reaction Selectivity for CO 2 Reduction in Aqueous Electrolytes. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2348-2358. [PMID: 32134672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
We report the light-induced modification of catalytic selectivity for photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction in aqueous media using copper (Cu) nanoparticles dispersed onto p-type nickel oxide (p-NiO) photocathodes. Optical excitation of Cu nanoparticles generates hot electrons available for driving CO2 reduction on the Cu surface, while charge separation is accomplished by hot-hole injection from the Cu nanoparticles into the underlying p-NiO support. Photoelectrochemical studies demonstrate that optical excitation of plasmonic Cu/p-NiO photocathodes imparts increased selectivity for CO2 reduction over hydrogen evolution in aqueous electrolytes. Specifically, we observed that plasmon-driven CO2 reduction increased the production of carbon monoxide and formate, while simultaneously reducing the evolution of hydrogen. Our results demonstrate an optical route toward steering the selectivity of artificial photosynthetic systems with plasmon-driven photocathodes for photoelectrochemical CO2 reduction in aqueous media.
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36
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Tatsuma T, Nishi H. Plasmonic hole ejection involved in plasmon-induced charge separation. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2020; 5:597-606. [PMID: 32226974 DOI: 10.1039/c9nh00649d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Since the finding of plasmon-induced charge separation (PICS) at the interface between a plasmonic metal nanoparticle and a semiconductor, which has been applied to photovoltaics including photodetectors, photocatalysis including water splitting, sensors and data storage in the visible/near-infrared ranges, injection of hot electrons (energetic electrons) into semiconductors has attracted attention almost exclusively. However, it has recently been found that behaviours of holes are also important. In this review, studies on the hot hole ejection from plasmonic nanoparticles are described comprehensively. Hole ejection from plasmonic nanoparticles on electron transport materials including n-type semiconductors allows oxidation reactions to take place at more positive potentials than those involved in a charge accumulation mechanism. Site-selective oxidation is also one of the characteristics of the hole ejection and is applied to photoinduced nanofabrication beyond the diffraction limit. Hole injection into hole transport materials including p-type semiconductors (HTMs) in solid-state cells, hole ejection through a HTM for stabilization of holes, hole ejection to a HTM for efficient hot electron ejection, voltage up-conversion by the use of hot carriers and electrochemically assisted hole ejection are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsu Tatsuma
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
| | - Hiroyasu Nishi
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan.
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37
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Gao W, Liang S, Wang R, Jiang Q, Zhang Y, Zheng Q, Xie B, Toe CY, Zhu X, Wang J, Huang L, Gao Y, Wang Z, Jo C, Wang Q, Wang L, Liu Y, Louis B, Scott J, Roger AC, Amal R, He H, Park SE. Industrial carbon dioxide capture and utilization: state of the art and future challenges. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:8584-8686. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00025f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the sustainable development of advanced improvements in CO2 capture and utilization.
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38
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Ma J, Gao S. Plasmon-Induced Electron-Hole Separation at the Ag/TiO 2(110) Interface. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13658-13667. [PMID: 31393703 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon-induced electron-hole separation at metal-semiconductor interfaces is an essential step in photovoltaics, photochemistry, and optoelectronics. Despite its importance in fundamental understandings and technological applications, the mechanism and dynamics of the charge separation under plasmon excitations have not been well understood. Here, the plasmon-induced charge separation between a Ag20 nanocluster and a TiO2(110) surface is investigated using time-dependent density functional theory simulations. It is found that the charge separation dynamics consists of two processes: during the first 10 fs an initial charge separation resulting from the plasmon-electron coupling at the interface and a subsequent charge redistribution governed by the sloshing motion of the charge-transfer plasmon. The interplay between the two processes determines the charge separation and leads to the inhomogeneous layer-dependent distribution of hot carriers. The hot electrons are more efficient than the hot holes in the charge injection, resulting in the charge separation. Over 40% of the hot electron-hole pairs are separated spatially from the interface. Finally, the second TiO2 layer receives the most net charges from the Ag nanocluster rather than the interfacial layer. These results reveal the mechanism and dynamics of the charge separation driven by the surface plasmon excitation and have broad implications in plasmonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ma
- Key Lab of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement (MOE), School of Physics and Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Shiwu Gao
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center , Beijing 100193 , China
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39
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Ratchford DC. Plasmon-Induced Charge Transfer: Challenges and Outlook. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13610-13614. [PMID: 31809010 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The decay of a surface plasmon, a collective electron oscillation at the surface of a metal, can generate hot charge carriers that may be transferred to an adjacent semiconductor. This plasmon-induced charge transfer process can be used to enhance photocatalysis, to create photodetectors, or to drive selective photochemistry. However, the charge transfer efficiency in many fabricated devices remains too low for practical applications, typically <1%. In this Perspective, I discuss critical aspects of designing plasmonic systems for improved performance and highlight important findings for maximizing the transfer efficiency. In particular, I draw attention to the article by Ma and Gao in this issue of ACS Nano that describes using real-time time-dependent density functional theory to give a detailed and informative look at the charge transfer dynamics at a TiO2-Ag nanocluster interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Ratchford
- United States Naval Research Laboratory , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
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40
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Ha M, Kim JH, You M, Li Q, Fan C, Nam JM. Multicomponent Plasmonic Nanoparticles: From Heterostructured Nanoparticles to Colloidal Composite Nanostructures. Chem Rev 2019; 119:12208-12278. [PMID: 31794202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures possessing unique and versatile optoelectronic properties have been vastly investigated over the past decade. However, the full potential of plasmonic nanostructure has not yet been fully exploited, particularly with single-component homogeneous structures with monotonic properties, and the addition of new components for making multicomponent nanoparticles may lead to new-yet-unexpected or improved properties. Here we define the term "multi-component nanoparticles" as hybrid structures composed of two or more condensed nanoscale domains with distinctive material compositions, shapes, or sizes. We reviewed and discussed the designing principles and synthetic strategies to efficiently combine multiple components to form hybrid nanoparticles with a new or improved plasmonic functionality. In particular, it has been quite challenging to precisely synthesize widely diverse multicomponent plasmonic structures, limiting realization of the full potential of plasmonic heterostructures. To address this challenge, several synthetic approaches have been reported to form a variety of different multicomponent plasmonic nanoparticles, mainly based on heterogeneous nucleation, atomic replacements, adsorption on supports, and biomolecule-mediated assemblies. In addition, the unique and synergistic features of multicomponent plasmonic nanoparticles, such as combination of pristine material properties, finely tuned plasmon resonance and coupling, enhanced light-matter interactions, geometry-induced polarization, and plasmon-induced energy and charge transfer across the heterointerface, were reported. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the latest advances on state-of-art synthetic strategies, unique properties, and promising applications of multicomponent plasmonic nanoparticles. These plasmonic nanoparticles including heterostructured nanoparticles and composite nanostructures are prepared by direct synthesis and physical force- or biomolecule-mediated assembly, which hold tremendous potential for plasmon-mediated energy transfer, magnetic plasmonics, metamolecules, and nanobiotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Ha
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , South Korea
| | - Myunghwa You
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , South Korea
| | - Qian Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Chunhai Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240 , China
| | - Jwa-Min Nam
- Department of Chemistry , Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 , South Korea
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41
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Zhang B, Zhao Y, Liang W. Collaborative effect of plasmon-induced resonance energy and electron transfer on the interfacial electron injection dynamics of dye-sensitized solar cell. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:044702. [PMID: 31370537 DOI: 10.1063/1.5111601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been widely recognized that plasmonic metal nanoparticles (MNPs) can enhance the power convention efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). This enhancement is ascribed to the combined effects of plasmon decay, scattering, near-field enhancement, and exciting charge carriers in semiconductors through plasmon-induced resonance energy transfer (PIRET) and hot electron injection (HEI). PIRET and HEI processes appeared between MNPs, and semiconductors have been intensively investigated; however, it is not clear how the collaborative effect of PIRET and photon-induced direct and indirect electron transfer (PICT) occurred between plasmonic metals and dyes, and the interference of different charge separation channels (CSCs) starting from PIRET and PICT affects the PCE of DSSCs. This work aims to address these issues. We apply a model Hamiltonian method, which obviously includes both PIRET and PICT processes from Au MNP to dye molecules and incorporates the dye's electron-phonon interaction, to investigate the carrier dynamics. It is found that PIRET deforms the wavepacket dynamics of the molecular excited state and results in ten-fold enhancement of dye absorption. MNPs augment light absorption and increase the electron density in empty molecular orbitals of the dye molecule. Consequently, this enhances the interfacial charge separation. Furthermore, we observed the interference behavior of two CSCs and gave a full-scale insight into the correlation between the constructive/destructive interference and the electronic-state properties as well as carrier-phonon interactions. This work provides a theoretical guidance to optimize DSSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - WanZhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, People's Republic of China
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Kumar PV, Rossi TP, Kuisma M, Erhart P, Norris DJ. Direct hot-carrier transfer in plasmonic catalysis. Faraday Discuss 2019; 214:189-197. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fd00154e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
An ab initio computational study of direct hot-carrier transfer at metal–molecule interfaces with relevance to plasmonic catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyank V. Kumar
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory
- ETH Zurich
- 8092 Zurich
- Switzerland
| | - Tuomas P. Rossi
- Department of Physics
- Chalmers University of Technology
- 41296 Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | - Mikael Kuisma
- Department of Chemistry
- Nanoscience Center
- University of Jyväskylä
- 40014 Jyväskylä
- Finland
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department of Physics
- Chalmers University of Technology
- 41296 Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | - David J. Norris
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory
- ETH Zurich
- 8092 Zurich
- Switzerland
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