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Bai H, Borjihan Q, Li Z, Qin P, Cheng J, Xiao D, Dong A. Phage-Based antibacterial hydrogels for bacterial targeting and Ablation: Progress and perspective. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 198:114258. [PMID: 38479561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria makes antibiotics inadequate to treat bacterial infections, which is now a global problem. Phage as a virus with specific recognition ability can effectively kill the bacteria, which is an efficacious antibacterial material to replace antibiotics. Phage-based hydrogels have good biocompatibility and antibacterial effect at the site of infection. Phage hydrogels have remarkable antibacterial effects on targeted bacteria because of their specific targeted bactericidal ability, but there are few reports and reviews on phage hydrogels. This paper discusses the construction method of phage-based antibacterial hydrogels (PAGs), summarizes the advantages related to PAGs and their applications in the direction of wound healing, treating bone bacterial infections, gastrointestinal infection treatment and other application, and finally gives an outlook on the development and research of PAGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Bai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China
| | - Qinggele Borjihan
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, Inner Mongolia, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China
| | - Peiran Qin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China
| | - Jingli Cheng
- Institute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Douxin Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China.
| | - Alideertu Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, PR China.
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Agashe C, Saroha A, Agasti SS, Patra D. Supramolecular Modulation of Fluid Flow in a Self-Powered Enzyme Micropump. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:6933-6939. [PMID: 38497757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Regulating macroscopic fluid flow by catalytic harnessing of chemical energy could potentially provide a solution for powerless microfluidic devices. Earlier reports have shown that surface-anchored enzymes can actuate the surrounding fluid in the presence of the respective substrate in a concentration-dependent manner. It is also crucial to have control over the flow speed of a self-powered enzyme micropump in various applications where controlled dosing and mixing are required. However, modulating the flow speed independent of the fuel concentration remains a significant challenge. In a quest to regulate the fluid flow in such a system, a supramolecular approach has been adopted, where reversible regulation of enzyme activity was achieved by a two-faced synthetic receptor bearing sulfonamide and adamantane groups. The bovine carbonic anhydrase (BCA) enzyme containing a single binding site favorable to the sulfonamide group was used as a model enzyme, and the enzyme activity was inhibited in the presence of the two-faced inhibitor. The same effect was reflected when the immobilized enzyme was used as an engine to actuate the fluid flow. The flow velocity was reduced up to 53% in the presence of 100 μM inhibitor. Later, upon addition of a supramolecular "host" CB[7], the inhibitor was sequestered from the enzyme due to the higher binding affinity of CB[7] with the adamantane functionality of the inhibitor. As a result, the flow velocity was restored to ∼72%, thus providing successful supramolecular control over a self-powered enzyme micropump.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmayee Agashe
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Akshay Saroha
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Rachenahalli Lake Rd, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Sarit S Agasti
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Rachenahalli Lake Rd, Jakkur, Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Debabrata Patra
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
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3
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Song J, Shklyaev OE, Sapre A, Balazs AC, Sen A. Self-Propelling Macroscale Sheets Powered by Enzyme Pumps. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202311556. [PMID: 38079027 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/31/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale enzymes anchored to surfaces act as chemical pumps by converting chemical energy released from enzymatic reactions into spontaneous fluid flow that propels entrained nano- and microparticles. Enzymatic pumps are biocompatible, highly selective, and display unique substrate specificity. Utilizing these pumps to trigger self-propelled motion on the macroscale has, however, constituted a significant challenge and thus prevented their adaptation in macroscopic fluidic devices and soft robotics. Using experiments and simulations, we herein show that enzymatic pumps can drive centimeter-scale polymer sheets along directed linear paths and rotational trajectories. In these studies, the sheets are confined to the air/water interface. With the addition of appropriate substrate, the asymmetric enzymatic coating on the sheets induces chemically driven, buoyancy flows that controllably propel the sheet's motion on the air/water interface. The directionality and speed of the motion can be tailored by changing the pattern of the enzymatic coating, type of enzyme, and nature and concentration of the substrate. This work highlights the utility of biocompatible enzymes for generating motion in macroscale fluidic devices and robotics and indicates their potential utility for in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Song
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA-16802, USA
| | - Oleg E Shklyaev
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA-15260, USA
| | - Aditya Sapre
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA-16802, USA
| | - Anna C Balazs
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA-15260, USA
| | - Ayusman Sen
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA-16802, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA-16802, USA
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4
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Qi W, Song M, Wang M, Yu H. Designing M13 Bacteriophage and Fe-Nanonest Self-Assembly System for Universal and Facile Preparation of Metal Single Atoms as Stable Mimicking Enzymes. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25483-25495. [PMID: 38079359 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Metal single-atom catalysts (MSACs) possess multiple advantages in chemical synthesis; their efficient fabrication routes, however, remain a challenge to date. Here, an interdisciplinary design using M13 bacteriophage virus as a biotemplate to carry Fe nanoclusters, which we figuratively call "Fe-nanonests", is proposed to enable facile and versatile synthesis of MSACs. The feasibility and generality of this self-assembly method was demonstrated by the observation of six different metal single atoms (MSAs) including Ag, Pt, Pd, Zn, Cu, and Ni. With Pd as a representative, key factors dominating the fabrication were determined. The Pd single atoms exhibited excellent horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-like activity, which was further improved by 50% via genetic editing of the M13 pVIII protein terminals. Excellent stability was also observed in the quantification of acid phosphatase, a cancer predictor. X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy has been applied to the analysis of Pd single atoms as well, and the Pd-N4 coordination explained the mechanism of high HRP-like catalytic activity. The MSAs synthesized by the M13 phage and Fe-nanonest self-assembly method show promising prospects in non-cold-chain medical detection applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Qi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingye Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Beijing Evolyzer Co., Ltd., Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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5
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Fang H, Zhou Y, Ma Y, Chen Q, Tong W, Zhan S, Guo Q, Xiong Y, Tang BZ, Huang X. M13 Bacteriophage-Assisted Recognition and Signal Spatiotemporal Separation Enabling Ultrasensitive Light Scattering Immunoassay. ACS NANO 2023; 17:18596-18607. [PMID: 37698300 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The demand for the ultrasensitive and rapid quantitative analysis of trace target analytes has become increasingly urgent. However, the sensitivity of traditional immunoassay-based detection methods is limited due to the contradiction between molecular recognition and signal amplification caused by the size effect of nanoprobes. To address this dilemma, we describe versatile M13 phage-assisted immunorecognition and signal transduction spatiotemporal separation that enable ultrasensitive light-scattering immunoassay systems for the quantitative detection of low-abundance target analytes. The newly developed immunoassay strategy combines the M13 phage-assisted light scattering signal fluctuations of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with gold in situ growth (GISG) technology. Given the synergy of M13 phage-mediated leverage effect and GISG-amplified light scattering signal modulation, the practical detection capability of this strategy can achieve the ultrasensitive and rapid quantification of ochratoxin A and alpha-fetoprotein in real samples at the subfemtomolar level within 50 min, displaying about 4 orders of magnitude enhancement in sensitivity compared with traditional phage-based ELISA. To further improve the sensitivity of our immunoassay, the biotin-streptavidin amplification scheme is implemented to detect severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike protein down to the attomolar range. Overall, this study offers a direction for ultrasensitive quantitative detection of target analytes by the synergistic combination of M13 phage-mediated leverage effect and GISG-amplified light scattering signal modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Yaofeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Weipeng Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
| | - Qian Guo
- Jiangxi Province Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang 330029, P. R. China
| | - Yonghua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Medicine Academy of Nutrition and Health Management, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, P. R. China
- Jiangxi Medicine Academy of Nutrition and Health Management, Nanchang 330006, P. R. China
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6
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Wang R, Li HD, Cao Y, Wang ZY, Yang T, Wang JH. M13 phage: a versatile building block for a highly specific analysis platform. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04606-w. [PMID: 36867197 PMCID: PMC9982796 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04606-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are changing the biosensing and biomedicine landscape due to their multivalency, orthogonal reactivities, and responsiveness to genetic modifications. As the most extensively studied phage model for constructing a phage display library, M13 phage has received much research attention as building blocks or viral scaffolds for various applications including isolation/separation, sensing/probing, and in vivo imaging. Through genetic engineering and chemical modification, M13 phages can be functionalized into a multifunctional analysis platform with various functional regions conducting their functionality without mutual disturbance. Its unique filamentous morphology and flexibility also promoted the analytical performance in terms of target affinity and signal amplification. In this review, we mainly focused on the application of M13 phage in the analytical field and the benefit it brings. We also introduced several genetic engineering and chemical modification approaches for endowing M13 with various functionalities, and summarized some representative applications using M13 phages to construct isolation sorbents, biosensors, cell imaging probes, and immunoassays. Finally, current issues and challenges remaining in this field were discussed and future perspectives were also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
| | - Hui-Da Li
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
| | - Ying Cao
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
| | - Zi-Yi Wang
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
| | - Ting Yang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
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7
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Phage Therapy in Germany-Update 2023. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020588. [PMID: 36851802 PMCID: PMC9960545 DOI: 10.3390/v15020588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophage therapy holds promise in addressing the antibiotic-resistance crisis, globally and in Germany. Here, we provide an overview of the current situation (2023) of applied phage therapy and supporting research in Germany. The authors, an interdisciplinary group working on patient-focused bacteriophage research, addressed phage production, phage banks, susceptibility testing, clinical application, ongoing translational research, the regulatory situation, and the network structure in Germany. They identified critical shortcomings including the lack of clinical trials, a paucity of appropriate regulation and a shortage of phages for clinical use. Phage therapy is currently being applied to a limited number of patients as individual treatment trials. There is presently only one site in Germany for large-scale good-manufacturing-practice (GMP) phage production, and one clinic carrying out permission-free production of medicinal products. Several phage banks exist, but due to varying institutional policies, exchange among them is limited. The number of phage research projects has remarkably increased in recent years, some of which are part of structured networks. There is a demand for the expansion of production capacities with defined quality standards, a structured registry of all treated patients and clear therapeutic guidelines. Furthermore, the medical field is still poorly informed about phage therapy. The current status of non-approval, however, may also be regarded as advantageous, as insufficiently restricted use of phage therapy without adequate scientific evidence for effectiveness and safety must be prevented. In close coordination with the regulatory authorities, it seems sensible to first allow some centers to treat patients following the Belgian model. There is an urgent need for targeted networking and funding, particularly of translational research, to help advance the clinical application of phages.
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Zhan S, Fang H, Chen Q, Xiong S, Guo Y, Huang T, Li X, Leng Y, Huang X, Xiong Y. M13 bacteriophage as biometric component for orderly assembly of dynamic light scattering immunosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 217:114693. [PMID: 36108584 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The ordered assembly of nanostructure is an effective strategy used to manipulate the hydrodynamic diameter (DH) of nanoparticles. Herein, a versatile dynamic light scattering (DLS) immunosensing platform is presented to sensitively detect small molecules and biomacromolecules by using the M13 phage as the building module to order the assembly of gold nanoflowers and gold-coated magnetic nanoparticles, respectively. After the directional assembly of M13 phage, the DH of the probes was significantly increased due to its larger filamentous structure, thus improving the detection sensitivity of the DLS immunosensor. The designed M13 assembled DLS immunosensor with competitive and sandwich formats showed high sensitivities for ochratoxin A and alpha-fetoprotein in real corn and undiluted serum samples, with the detection limits of 1.37 and 57 pg/mL, respectively. These values are approximately 15.8 and 164.9 times lower than those of traditional phage-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Collectively, this work provides a promising strategy to manipulate the DH of nanoparticles by highly evolved biomaterials such as engineered M13 phages and opens upon a new direction for developing DLS immunosensors to detect various targets by the fusion expression of special peptide or nanobody on the pIII or pVIII protein of M13 phage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China; College of Food and Pharmaceutical Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315800, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Hao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Sicheng Xiong
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
| | - Yuqian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Tao Huang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315800, PR China
| | - Xiangmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Yuankui Leng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China.
| | - Yonghua Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China; Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330047, PR China.
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9
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Anboo S, Lau SY, Kansedo J, Yap P, Hadibarata T, Jeevanandam J, Kamaruddin AH. Recent Advancements in Enzyme‐Incorporated Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Mechanistic Formation and Applications. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:2609-2638. [PMID: 35851660 PMCID: PMC9543334 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Over the past decade, nanotechnology has been developed and employed across various entities. Among the numerous nanostructured material types, enzyme‐incorporated nanomaterials have shown great potential in various fields, as an alternative to biologically derived as well as synthetically developed hybrid structures. The mechanism of incorporating enzyme onto a nanostructure depends on several factors including the method of immobilization, type of nanomaterial, as well as operational and environmental conditions. The prospects of enzyme‐incorporated nanomaterials have shown promising results across various applications, such as biocatalysts, biosensors, drug therapy, and wastewater treatment. This is due to their excellent ability to exhibit chemical and physical properties such as high surface‐to‐volume ratio, recovery and/or reusability rates, sensitivity, response scale, and stable catalytic activity across wide operating conditions. In this review, the evolution of enzyme‐incorporated nanomaterials along with their impact on our society due to its state‐of‐the‐art properties, and its significance across different industrial applications are discussed. In addition, the weakness and future prospects of enzyme‐incorporated nanomaterials were also discussed to guide scientists for futuristic research and development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamini Anboo
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University MalaysiaCDT 25098009MiriSarawakMalaysia
| | - Sie Yon Lau
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University MalaysiaCDT 25098009MiriSarawakMalaysia
| | - Jibrail Kansedo
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University MalaysiaCDT 25098009MiriSarawakMalaysia
| | - Pow‐Seng Yap
- Department of Civil EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong‐Liverpool UniversitySuzhou215123China
| | - Tony Hadibarata
- Department of Chemical EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University MalaysiaCDT 25098009MiriSarawakMalaysia
| | - Jaison Jeevanandam
- CQM‐Centro de Química da Madeira, MMRG, Universidade da Madeira, Campus da Penteada9020‐105FunchalPortugal
| | - Azlina Harun Kamaruddin
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversiti Sains Malaysia14300 Nibong TebalSeberang Perai SelatanPenangMalaysia
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10
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Caparco AA, Dautel DR, Champion JA. Protein Mediated Enzyme Immobilization. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2106425. [PMID: 35182030 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202106425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme immobilization is an essential technology for commercializing biocatalysis. It imparts stability, recoverability, and other valuable features that improve the effectiveness of biocatalysts. While many avenues to join an enzyme to solid phases exist, protein-mediated immobilization is rapidly developing and has many advantages. Protein-mediated immobilization allows for the binding interaction to be genetically coded, can be used to create artificial multienzyme cascades, and enables modular designs that expand the variety of enzymes immobilized. By designing around binding interactions between protein domains, they can be integrated into functional materials for protein immobilization. These materials are framed within the context of biocatalytic performance, immobilization efficiency, and stability of the materials. In this review, supports composed entirely of protein are discussed first, with systems such as cellulosomes and protein cages being discussed alongside newer technologies like spore-based biocatalysts and forizymes. Protein-composite materials such as polymersomes and protein-inorganic supraparticles are then discussed to demonstrate how protein-mediated strategies are applied to many classes of solid materials. Critical analysis and future directions of protein-based immobilization are then discussed, with a particular focus on both computational and design strategies to advance this area of research and make it more broadly applicable to many classes of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam A Caparco
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, MC 0448, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Dylan R Dautel
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Julie A Champion
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 950 Atlantic Drive NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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11
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Su D, Li H, Zhou R, Zhao L, Li A, Liu X, Wang C, Jia X, Liu F, Sun P, Yan X, Zhu C, Lu G. Embedding Proteins within Spatially Controlled Hierarchical Nanoarchitectures for Ultrasensitive Immunoassay. Anal Chem 2022; 94:6271-6280. [PMID: 35417142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Modulating the precise self-assembly of functional biomacromolecules is a critical challenge in biotechnology. Herein, functional biomacromolecule-assembled hierarchical hybrid nanoarchitectures in a spatially controlled fashion are synthesized, achieving the biorecognition behavior and signal amplification in the immunoassay simultaneously. Biomacromolecules with sequential assembly on the scaffold through the biomineralization process show significantly enhanced stability, bioactivity, and utilization efficiency, allowing tuning of their functions by modifying their size and composition. The hierarchically hybrid nanoarchitectures show great potential in construction of ultrasensitive immunoassay platforms, achieving a three order-of-magnitude increase in sensitivity. Notably, the well-designed HRP@Ab2 nanoarchitectures allow for optical immunoassays with a detection range from picogram mL-1 to microgram mL-1 on demand, providing great promise for quantitative analysis of both low-abundance and high-residue targets for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ri Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianjing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Aixin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoteng Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangmeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhou Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Geyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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12
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Zarei A, Alihosseini F, Parida D, Nazir R, Gaan S. Fabrication of Cellulase Catalysts Immobilized on a Nanoscale Hybrid Polyaniline/Cationic Hydrogel Support for the Highly Efficient Catalytic Conversion of Cellulose. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49816-49827. [PMID: 34653337 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel conductive nanohydrogel hybrid support was prepared by in situ polymerization of polyaniline nanorods on an electrospun cationic hydrogel of poly(ε-caprolactone) and a cationic phosphine oxide macromolecule. Subsequently, the cellulase enzyme was immobilized on the hybrid support. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analyses confirmed a mesoporous, rod-like structure with a slit-like pore geometry for the immobilized support and exhibiting a high immobilization capacity and reduced diffusion resistance of the substrate. For comparison, the catalytic activity, storage stability, and reusability of the immobilized and free enzymes were evaluated. The results showed that the immobilized enzymes have higher thermal stability without changes in the optimal pH (5.5) and temperature (55 °C) for enzyme activity. A high immobilization efficiency (96%) was observed for the immobilized cellulose catalysts after optimization of parameters such as the pH, temperature, incubation time, and protein concentration. The immobilized enzyme retained almost 90% of its original activity after 4 weeks of storage and 73% of its original activity after the ninth reuse cycle. These results strongly suggest that the prepared hybrid support has the potential to be used as a support for protein immobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Zarei
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Alihosseini
- Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Dambarudhar Parida
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen CH-9014, Switzerland
| | - Rashid Nazir
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen CH-9014, Switzerland
| | - Sabyasachi Gaan
- Laboratory of Advanced Fibers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, St. Gallen CH-9014, Switzerland
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13
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Gill AK, Varshney R, Alam M, Agashe C, Patra D. Maneuvering Fluid Motion and Flow-Induced Detection of Toxins by Enzyme Multilayer Films. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6203-6208. [PMID: 35006913 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In view to develop an autonomous lab-on-a-chip device for detection of toxins without using any spectroscopic or electrochemical equipment, self-powered enzyme micropumps were fabricated via layer-by-layer assembly of enzymes and polyelectrolytes. The thin film-based enzyme micropumps turned on fluid flow in the presence of respective substrates in a concentration-dependent manner, and the rate of the enzymatic reaction was the key for maneuvering the fluid flow. Furthermore, the newly engineered enzyme-based micropumps were able to detect toxic metals and organophosphorus pesticides by modulating the fluid flow speed as the rate of the enzymatic reaction was altered by the presence of inhibitors. Thus, by regulating fluid flow in a micropump, low concentrations of analytes (e.g., target biomarkers and inhibitors) in biological fluids can be quantitatively identified for testing in a resource-constrained environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshdeep K Gill
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector 81, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Rohit Varshney
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector 81, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Mujeeb Alam
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector 81, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Chinmayee Agashe
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector 81, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
| | - Debabrata Patra
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector 81, Manauli, SAS Nagar, Mohali, Punjab 140306, India
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14
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Yao Y, Wang D, Hu J, Yang X. Tumor-targeting inorganic nanomaterials synthesized by living cells. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:2975-2994. [PMID: 36133644 PMCID: PMC9419506 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00155h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic nanomaterials (NMs) have shown potential application in tumor-targeting theranostics, owing to their unique physicochemical properties. Some living cells in nature can absorb surrounding ions in the environment and then convert them into nanomaterials after a series of intracellular/extracellular biochemical reactions. Inspired by that, a variety of living cells have been used as biofactories to produce metallic/metallic alloy NMs, metalloid NMs, oxide NMs and chalcogenide NMs, which are usually automatically capped with biomolecules originating from the living cells, benefitting their tumor-targeting applications. In this review, we summarize the biosynthesis of inorganic nanomaterials in different types of living cells including bacteria, fungi, plant cells and animal cells, accompanied by their application in tumor-targeting theranostics. The mechanisms involving inorganic-ion bioreduction and detoxification as well as biomineralization are emphasized. Based on the mechanisms, we describe the size and morphology control of the products via the modulation of precursor ion concentration, pH, temperature, and incubation time, as well as cell metabolism by a genetic engineering strategy. The strengths and weaknesses of these biosynthetic processes are compared in terms of the controllability, scalability and cooperativity during applications. Future research in this area will add to the diversity of available inorganic nanomaterials as well as their quality and biosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Yao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Jun Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
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15
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Hortelao AC, Simó C, Guix M, Guallar-Garrido S, Julián E, Vilela D, Rejc L, Ramos-Cabrer P, Cossío U, Gómez-Vallejo V, Patiño T, Llop J, Sánchez S. Swarming behavior and in vivo monitoring of enzymatic nanomotors within the bladder. Sci Robot 2021; 6:6/52/eabd2823. [PMID: 34043548 DOI: 10.1126/scirobotics.abd2823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme-powered nanomotors are an exciting technology for biomedical applications due to their ability to navigate within biological environments using endogenous fuels. However, limited studies into their collective behavior and demonstrations of tracking enzyme nanomotors in vivo have hindered progress toward their clinical translation. Here, we report the swarming behavior of urease-powered nanomotors and its tracking using positron emission tomography (PET), both in vitro and in vivo. For that, mesoporous silica nanoparticles containing urease enzymes and gold nanoparticles were used as nanomotors. To image them, nanomotors were radiolabeled with either 124I on gold nanoparticles or 18F-labeled prosthetic group to urease. In vitro experiments showed enhanced fluid mixing and collective migration of nanomotors, demonstrating higher capability to swim across complex paths inside microfabricated phantoms, compared with inactive nanomotors. In vivo intravenous administration in mice confirmed their biocompatibility at the administered dose and the suitability of PET to quantitatively track nanomotors in vivo. Furthermore, nanomotors were administered directly into the bladder of mice by intravesical injection. When injected with the fuel, urea, a homogeneous distribution was observed even after the entrance of fresh urine. By contrast, control experiments using nonmotile nanomotors (i.e., without fuel or without urease) resulted in sustained phase separation, indicating that the nanomotors' self-propulsion promotes convection and mixing in living reservoirs. Active collective dynamics, together with the medical imaging tracking, constitute a key milestone and a step forward in the field of biomedical nanorobotics, paving the way toward their use in theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Hortelao
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Cristina Simó
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 San Sebastian, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - Maria Guix
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Sandra Guallar-Garrido
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Julián
- Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Vilela
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Luka Rejc
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 San Sebastian, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - Pedro Ramos-Cabrer
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 San Sebastian, Guipúzcoa, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48009, Spain
| | - Unai Cossío
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 San Sebastian, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - Vanessa Gómez-Vallejo
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 San Sebastian, Guipúzcoa, Spain
| | - Tania Patiño
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona Spain. .,Chemistry Department, University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Jordi Llop
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 San Sebastian, Guipúzcoa, Spain.
| | - Samuel Sánchez
- Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Baldiri i Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona Spain. .,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Yuan H, Liu X, Wang L, Ma X. Fundamentals and applications of enzyme powered micro/nano-motors. Bioact Mater 2020; 6:1727-1749. [PMID: 33313451 PMCID: PMC7711193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro/nanomotors (MNMs) are miniaturized machines that can convert many kinds of energy into mechanical motion. Over the past decades, a variety of driving mechanisms have been developed, which have greatly extended the application scenarios of MNMs. Enzymes exist in natural organisms which can convert chemical energy into mechanical force. It is an innovative attempt to utilize enzymes as biocatalyst providing driving force for MNMs. The fuels for enzymatic reactions are biofriendly as compared to traditional counterparts, which makes enzyme-powered micro/nanomotors (EMNMs) of great value in biomedical field for their nature of biocompatibility. Until now, EMNMs with various shapes can be propelled by catalase, urease and many others. Also, they can be endowed with multiple functionalities to accomplish on-demand tasks. Herein, combined with the development process of EMNMs, we are committed to present a comprehensive understanding of EMNMs, including their types, propelling principles, and potential applications. In this review, we will introduce single enzyme that can be used as motor, enzyme powered molecule motors and other micro/nano-architectures. The fundamental mechanism of energy conversion process of EMNMs and crucial factors that affect their movement behavior will be discussed. The current progress of proof-of-concept applications of EMNMs will also be elaborated in detail. At last, we will summarize and prospect the opportunities and challenges that EMNMs will face in their future development. Clear classification and description of different enzyme-powered micro/nanomotors (EMNMs). Discussion of the fundamental mechanism of energy conversion process of EMNMs and their movement influence factors. Introduction of the current progress of proof-of-concept applications of EMNMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yuan
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology Center and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology Center and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liying Wang
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology Center and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xing Ma
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology Center and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, No. 9 Duxue Road, Shenzhen, 518055, China.,Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructures Manufacturing, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
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17
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Yu T, Athanassiadis AG, Popescu MN, Chikkadi V, Güth A, Singh DP, Qiu T, Fischer P. Microchannels with Self-Pumping Walls. ACS NANO 2020; 14:13673-13680. [PMID: 32946220 PMCID: PMC7596775 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
When asymmetric Janus micromotors are immobilized on a surface, they act as chemically powered micropumps, turning chemical energy from the fluid into a bulk flow. However, such pumps have previously produced only localized recirculating flows, which cannot be used to pump fluid in one direction. Here, we demonstrate that an array of three-dimensional, photochemically active Au/TiO2 Janus pillars can pump water. Upon UV illumination, a water-splitting reaction rapidly creates a directional bulk flow above the active surface. By lining a 2D microchannel with such active surfaces, various flow profiles are created within the channels. Analytical and numerical models of a channel with active surfaces predict flow profiles that agree very well with the experimental results. The light-driven active surfaces provide a way to wirelessly pump fluids at small scales and could be used for real-time, localized flow control in complex microfluidic networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yu
- Max
Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | | | - Mihail N. Popescu
- Max
Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Vijayakumar Chikkadi
- Max
Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Achim Güth
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstrasse 1, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Dhruv P. Singh
- Max
Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Tian Qiu
- Max
Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Peer Fischer
- Max
Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstrasse 3, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
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18
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Munteanu RE, Popescu MN, Gáspár S. The impact of geometrical confinement in a slab on the behavior of tracer particles near active glucose oxidase micropump. Colloid Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-020-04744-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPatches of surface-immobilized and catalytically active enzyme, immersed into a solution with the corresponding substrate, induce flow in the solution. Such systems are currently investigated as a promising direction in the development of self-powered micropumps that could operate autonomously within microfluidic devices. Here, we investigate the influence of confinement, within a slab of height H, on the response exhibited by silica tracer particles sedimented near a chemically active glucose oxidase patch which is immersed into a glucose solution of very low ionic strength. Irrespective of the value H, within the range explored in this study, a region depleted of tracers forms around the patch. When H is not much larger than the radius of the patch, the rate of growth of the depletion zone depends on H; somewhat surprisingly, this dependence is influenced by the glucose concentration. The results are discussed within the context of a simple model for a chemically active patch.
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19
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Gentile K, Maiti S, Brink A, Rallabandi B, Stone HA, Sen A. Silver-Based Self-Powered pH-Sensitive Pump and Sensor. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:7948-7955. [PMID: 32536169 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nonmechanical nano/microscale pumps that provide precise control over flow rate without the aid of an external power source and that are capable of turning on in response to specific analytes in solution are needed for the next generation of smart micro- and nanoscale devices. Herein, a self-powered chemically driven silver micropump is reported that is based on the two-step catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide, H2O2. The pumping direction and speed can be controlled by modulating the solution pH, and modeling and theory allow for the kinetics of the reaction steps to be connected to the fluid velocity. In addition, by changing the pH dynamically using glucose oxidase (GOx)-catalyzed oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid, the direction of fluid pumping can be altered in situ, allowing for the design of a glucose sensor. This work underscores the versatility of catalytic pumps and their ability to function as sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla Gentile
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Subhabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Allison Brink
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Bhargav Rallabandi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Howard A Stone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Ayusman Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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20
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Wan M, Wang Q, Li X, Xu B, Fang D, Li T, Yu Y, Fang L, Wang Y, Wang M, Wang F, Mao C, Shen J, Wei J. Systematic Research and Evaluation Models of Nanomotors for Cancer Combined Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Qi Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Bo Xu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University Nanjing 210008 China
| | - Dan Fang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Ting Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yueqi Yu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Leyi Fang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yue Wang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University Nanjing 210008 China
| | - Meng Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Chun Mao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jian Shen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jia Wei
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University Nanjing 210008 China
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21
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Wan M, Wang Q, Li X, Xu B, Fang D, Li T, Yu Y, Fang L, Wang Y, Wang M, Wang F, Mao C, Shen J, Wei J. Systematic Research and Evaluation Models of Nanomotors for Cancer Combined Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14458-14465. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mimi Wan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Qi Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Xiaoyun Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Bo Xu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University Nanjing 210008 China
| | - Dan Fang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Ting Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yueqi Yu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Leyi Fang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yue Wang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University Nanjing 210008 China
| | - Meng Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Fenghe Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Chun Mao
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jian Shen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Functional Materials School of Chemistry and Materials Science Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Jia Wei
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Drum Tower Hospital Medical School of Nanjing University & Clinical Cancer Institute of Nanjing University Nanjing 210008 China
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22
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Roy B, Pal S, Govindaraju T. Intrinsic Role of Molecular Architectonics in Enhancing the Catalytic Activity of Lead in Glucose Hydrolysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:14057-14063. [PMID: 32134618 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Lewis acidity plays a key role in the catalytic activity of lead ion (PbII) in the hydrolysis of glucose in solution under harsh synthetic conditions. We report a number of structurally similar d-gluconamide amphiphiles as functional organic ligands with active an -NH center capable of coordinating PbII (viz., PbII-N-C) in basic condition to enhance the catalytic efficiency through the scheme of molecular architectonics. Amphiphiles with different hydrophobic unit form assembly-architectures with a varying second coordination sphere around the active metal ion center. As a result, the active PbII center in each architecture exhibits substantially different efficiency toward catalyzing the glucose hydrolysis under ambient temperature. The catalytic performance of the dynamic and reversible gluconamide-PbII assembly-architectures are highly dependent on their chemical environments in solution. Further, the active PbII center of gluconamide-PbII complex in the assembly architecture and dispersed states exhibits distinct outcomes with the former being a superior catalyst than the latter as well as PbII alone. The current study demonstrates the potential of molecular architectonics that relies on the hydrophobic units of designer functional amphiphiles to enrich surface electron density with enhanced σ-donation ability through space which substantially improves the catalytic efficiency of PbII toward glucose hydrolysis at ambient temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bappaditya Roy
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Satyajit Pal
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
| | - Thimmaiah Govindaraju
- Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, New Chemistry Unit and School of Advanced Materials (SAMat), Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur P.O., Bengaluru 560064, Karnataka, India
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Abstract
Owing to their unique physicochemical properties and comparable size to biomacromolecules, functional nanostructures have served as powerful supports to construct enzyme-nanostructure biocatalysts (nanobiocatalysts). Of particular importance, recent years have witnessed the development of novel nanobiocatalysts with remarkably increased enzyme activities. This review provides a comprehensive description of recent advances in the field of nanobiocatalysts, with systematic elaboration of the underlying mechanisms of activity enhancement, including metal ion activation, electron transfer, morphology effects, mass transfer limitations, and conformation changes. The nanobiocatalysts highlighted here are expected to provide an insight into enzyme–nanostructure interaction, and provide a guideline for future design of high-efficiency nanobiocatalysts in both fundamental research and practical applications.
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Luo M, Li S, Wan J, Yang C, Chen B, Guan J. Enhanced Propulsion of Urease-Powered Micromotors by Multilayered Assembly of Ureases on Janus Magnetic Microparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36. [PMID: 32023066 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme-powered micro/nanomotors propelled by biocompatible fuels generally show a weak propulsive force, which greatly limits their applications in complex biological environments. Herein, we have developed a novel and versatile approach to significantly enhance the propulsion of enzyme-powered micromotors by multilayered assembly of enzymes. As an example, multilayers of biotinylated ureases (BU) were asymmetrically immobilized on biotinylated Janus Au/magnetic microparticles (MMPs) with the assistance of streptavidin (SA). When the mass ratio of BU into SA and the amount of BU used in the assembly process are increased, the amount of urease immobilized on the biotinylated Janus Au/MMPs increased monotonously while the migration speed of the micromotor was augmented gradually until a saturated value. The as-optimized micromotors can be self-propelled with an average speed up to about 21.5 ± 0.8 μm/s at physiological urea concentrations (10 mM), which is five times faster than that of the monolayered counterparts and two times faster than that of the previously reported values. Owing to the enhanced thrust, the micromotors can move in liquids with viscosities similar to that of blood. In addition, with the inherent magnetic property of MMPs, the micromotors can exhibit fast magnetic separation and controllable motion direction by external magnetic fields. Our results provide a new pathway for designing high-efficient enzyme-powered micro/nanomotors and thereby promote their biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070 , P. R. China
| | - Shouli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070 , P. R. China
| | - Jieshuo Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070 , P. R. China
| | - Chenglin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070 , P. R. China
| | - Beidi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070 , P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, International School of Materials Science and Engineering , Wuhan University of Technology , Wuhan 430070 , P. R. China
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Shy AN, Kim BJ, Xu B. Enzymatic Noncovalent Synthesis of Supramolecular Soft Matter for Biomedical Applications. MATTER 2019; 1:1127-1147. [PMID: 32104791 PMCID: PMC7043404 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic noncovalent synthesis (ENS), a process that integrates enzymatic reactions and supramolecular (i.e., noncovalent) interactions for spatial organization of higher-order molecular assemblies, represents an emerging research area at the interface of physical and biological sciences. This review provides a few representative examples of ENS in the context of supramolecular soft matter. After a brief comparison of enzymatic covalent and noncovalent synthesis, we discuss ENS of man-made molecules for generating supramolecular nanostructures (e.g., supramolecular hydrogels) in cell-free conditions. Then, we introduce ENS in a cellular environment. To illustrate the unique merits for applications, we discuss intercellular, peri- or intracellular, and subcellular ENS for cell morphogenesis, molecular imaging, cancer therapy, and targeted delivery. Finally, we provide an outlook on the potential of ENS. We hope that this review offers a new perspective for scientists who develop supramolecular soft matter to address societal needs at various frontiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna N. Shy
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Beom Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
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Abstract
Enzyme-based biocatalysis exhibits multiple advantages over inorganic catalysts, including the biocompatibility and the unchallenged specificity of enzymes towards their substrate. The recovery and repeated use of enzymes is essential for any realistic application in biotechnology, but is not easily achieved with current strategies. For this purpose, enzymes are often immobilized on inorganic scaffolds, which could entail a reduction of the enzymes’ activity. Here, we show that immobilization to a nano-scaled biological scaffold, a nanonetwork of end-to-end cross-linked M13 bacteriophages, ensures high enzymatic activity and at the same time allows for the simple recovery of the enzymes. The bacteriophages have been genetically engineered to express AviTags at their ends, which permit biotinylation and their specific end-to-end self-assembly while allowing space on the major coat protein for enzyme coupling. We demonstrate that the phages form nanonetwork structures and that these so-called nanonets remain highly active even after re-using the nanonets multiple times in a flow-through reactor.
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Glucose Oxidase Micropumps: Multi-Faceted Effects of Chemical Activity on Tracer Particles Near the Solid–Liquid Interface. CONDENSED MATTER 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/condmat4030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We report the development of glucose oxidase pumps characterized by small lateral dimensions (≈200 μ m). We studied the effects of the activity of the enzyme pump on silica particles (“tracers”) sedimented around the enzyme pump/patch. Once the activity of the pump was turned on (i.e., the glucose substrate was added to the solution), in-plane motion of the tracers away from the enzyme patch, as well as the emergence of an in-plane region around the patch which was depleted by tracers, was observed. The lateral extent of this depletion zone increased in time at a rate dependent both on the glucose concentration and on the areal density of the enzyme in the patch. We argue that, when the tracers were very near the wall, their motion and the emergence of the depletion zone were most likely the result of diffusiophoresis and drag by osmotic flows induced at the wall, rather than that of drag by a solutal buoyancy driven convective flow. We infer that, for the glucose oxidase enzymatic pumps, bulk (solutal buoyancy), as previously reported, as well as surface (osmotic) driven flows coexist and have to be explicitly accounted for. It seems plausible to assume that this is the case in general for enzyme pumps, and these complementary effects should be considered in the design of applications, e.g., stirring or sensing inside microfluidic systems, based on such pumps.
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