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Stompor-Gorący M, Włoch A, Sengupta P, Nasulewicz-Goldeman A, Wietrzyk J. Synergistic Proliferation Effects of Xanthohumol and Niflumic Acid on Merkel and Glioblastoma Cancer Cells: Role of Cell Membrane Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:11015. [PMID: 39456799 PMCID: PMC11508127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252011015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2024] [Revised: 10/10/2024] [Accepted: 10/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of our research was to determine the effects of xanthohumol (XN), a flavonoid isolated from hops (Humulus lupulus), and the anti-inflammatory drug niflumic acid (NA), separately and in combination with each other, on the proliferation of human cancer cells. Additionally, so as to understand the mechanism underlying the anticancer properties of the tested compounds, their effects on the biophysical parameters of a model membrane were assessed. The cells were incubated with XN and NA at various concentrations, either individually or in combination with each other. Cell proliferation was quantified using the sulforodamine B (SRB) assay. In addition, the IC50 values for niflumic acid and xanthohumol applied separately were determined by cell proliferation tests for the following human cancer cell lines: 5637 (urinary bladder carcinoma), A-431 (epidermoid carcinoma), UM-SCC-17A (head and neck squamous carcinoma), SK-MEL-3 (melanoma), MCC13 (Merkel cell cancer), and A172 (glioblastoma), in comparison with the mouse normal fibroblasts (BALB/3T3 clone A31). The results show that the two-compound combinations of XN and NA significantly decreased the proliferation of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the effects were stronger than the additive responses to XN and NA individually. The membrane studies revealed a synergistic effect on the membrane rigidity when using the mixture of XN and NA, which may explain the observed increase in anticancer activity for the combined XN and NA. Our results suggest that NSAIDs, such as niflumic acid, may be a promising strategy for co-application with xanthohumol as anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stompor-Gorący
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Włoch
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (P.S.)
| | - Priti Sengupta
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.W.); (P.S.)
| | - Anna Nasulewicz-Goldeman
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.N.-G.); (J.W.)
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland; (A.N.-G.); (J.W.)
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Hu Y, Zhang Y, Guo J, Chen S, Jin J, Li P, Pan Y, Lei S, Li J, Wu S, Bu B, Fu L. Synthesis and anti-proliferative effect of novel 4-Aryl-1, 3-Thiazole-TPP conjugates via mitochondrial uncoupling process. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107588. [PMID: 38936051 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
With the advent of mitochondrial targeting moiety such as triphenlyphosphonium cation (TPP+), targeting mitochondria in cancer cells has become a promising strategy for combating tumors. Herein, a series of novel 4-aryl-1,3-thiazole derivatives linked to TPP+ moiety were designed and synthesized. The cytotoxicity against a panel of four cancer cell lines was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Most of these compounds exhibited moderate to good inhibitory activity over HeLa, PC-3 and HCT-15 cells while MCF-7 cells were less sensitive to most compounds. Among them, compound 12a exhibited a significant anti-proliferative activity against HeLa cells, and prompted for further investigation. Specifically, 12a decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and enhanced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The flow cytometry analysis revealed that compound 12a could induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase in HeLa cells. In addition, mitochondrial bioenergetics assay revealed that 12a displayed mild mitochondrial uncoupling effect. Taken together, these findings suggest the therapeutic potential of compound 12a as an antitumor agent targeting mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shihao Chen
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Pengyu Li
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuchen Pan
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Lei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Suheng Wu
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Buzhou Bu
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lei Fu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Academy of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China.
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Li Q, Gao X, Jia R, Deng J, Wan C. Establishment of a novel obesity mouse model: the induction of intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13381. [PMID: 38862570 PMCID: PMC11166941 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63964-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
To establish and evaluate an intestinal microbiota dysbiosis-induced obesity mouse model. 50 C57BL/6 J male healthy mice were randomly divided into an obesity model group and the control group. The body weight, body length, and Lee's index of the two groups of mice at week 1 and week 10 were compared. Serum glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) were measured by enzyme-labeled colorimetric methods. Illumina HiSeq 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to characterize intestinal microbiota in feces. The success rate of model establishment in obese mice was 52%. The body weight, body length, Lee's index, and abdominal fat (wet weight) in the obese model group were all higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01). Serum GLU and TC levels in the obesity model group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and there was no difference in TG levels between the two groups (P > 0.05). The control group contained more abundant intestinal microbiota phyla and genera than did the obesity model group; the differences between the two groups were significant (FDR ≤ 0.05, P ≤ 0.05). Intestinal microbiota dysbiosis can be used to generate an obesity model in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Li
- Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Number 20, 3rd Section, People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolin Gao
- Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Number 20, 3rd Section, People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ruizhen Jia
- Open Laboratory, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Number 20, 3rd Section, People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaomin Wan
- Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Number 20, 3rd Section, People's South Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
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Atteia HH, AlFaris NA, Alshammari GM, Alamri E, Ahmed SF, Albalwi R, Abdel-Sattar SAL. The Hepatic Antisteatosis Effect of Xanthohumol in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats Entails Activation of AMPK as a Possible Protective Mechanism. Foods 2023; 12:4214. [PMID: 38231665 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is the leading cause of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by provoking hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Low activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is linked to obesity, liver injury, and NAFLD. This study involves examining if the anti-steatosis effect of Xanthohumol (XH) in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats involves the regulation of AMPK. Adult male rats were divided into five groups (n = 8 each) as control (3.85 kcal/g); XH (control diet + 20 mg/kg), HFD (4.73 kcl/g), HFD + XH (20 mg/kg), and HFD + XH (30 mg/kg) + compound c (cc) (0.2 mg/kg). All treatments were conducted for 12 weeks. Treatment with XH attenuated the gain in body weight, fat pads, fasting glucose, and insulin in HFD rats. It also lowered serum leptin and free fatty acids (FFAs) and improved glucose and insulin tolerances in these rats. It also attenuated the increase in serum livers of liver marker enzymes and reduced serum and hepatic levels of triglycerides (TGs), cholesterol (CHOL), FFAs, as well as serum levels of low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-c) oxidized LDL-c. XH also reduced hepatic levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nuclear accumulation of NF-κB, and the levels of tumor necrosis-factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) while stimulating the nuclear levels of Nrf2 and total levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) in these HFD-fed rats. At the molecular levels, XH increased hepatic mRNA expression and phosphorylation of AMPK (Thr72) and reduced the expression of lipogenic genes SREBP1c and ACC-1. In concomitance, XH reduced hepatic liver droplet accumulation, reduced the number of apoptotic nuclei, and improved the structures of nuclei, mitochondria, and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Co-treatment with CC, an AMPK inhibitor, completely abolished all these effects of XH. In conclusion, XH attenuates obesity and HFD-mediated hepatic steatosis by activating hepatic AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatallah Husseini Atteia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk P.O. Box 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A AlFaris
- Department of Physical Sports Sciences, College of Sports Sciences & Physical Activity, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh P.O. Box 84428, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghedeir M Alshammari
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Alamri
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Tabuk, Tabuk P.O. Box 47512, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salwa Fares Ahmed
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk P.O. Box 47512, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Renad Albalwi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Tabuk, Tabuk P.O. Box 47512, Saudi Arabia
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Newman NK, Zhang Y, Padiadpu J, Miranda CL, Magana AA, Wong CP, Hioki KA, Pederson JW, Li Z, Gurung M, Bruce AM, Brown K, Bobe G, Sharpton TJ, Shulzhenko N, Maier CS, Stevens JF, Gombart AF, Morgun A. Reducing gut microbiome-driven adipose tissue inflammation alleviates metabolic syndrome. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:208. [PMID: 37735685 PMCID: PMC10512512 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota contributes to macrophage-mediated inflammation in adipose tissue with consumption of an obesogenic diet, thus driving the development of metabolic syndrome. There is a need to identify and develop interventions that abrogate this condition. The hops-derived prenylated flavonoid xanthohumol (XN) and its semi-synthetic derivative tetrahydroxanthohumol (TXN) attenuate high-fat diet-induced obesity, hepatosteatosis, and metabolic syndrome in C57Bl/6J mice. This coincides with a decrease in pro-inflammatory gene expression in the gut and adipose tissue, together with alterations in the gut microbiota and bile acid composition. RESULTS In this study, we integrated and interrogated multi-omics data from different organs with fecal 16S rRNA sequences and systemic metabolic phenotypic data using a Transkingdom Network Analysis. By incorporating cell type information from single-cell RNA-seq data, we discovered TXN attenuates macrophage inflammatory processes in adipose tissue. TXN treatment also reduced levels of inflammation-inducing microbes, such as Oscillibacter valericigenes, that lead to adverse metabolic phenotypes. Furthermore, in vitro validation in macrophage cell lines and in vivo mouse supplementation showed addition of O. valericigenes supernatant induced the expression of metabolic macrophage signature genes that are downregulated by TXN in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our findings establish an important mechanism by which TXN mitigates adverse phenotypic outcomes of diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome. TXN primarily reduces the abundance of pro-inflammatory gut microbes that can otherwise promote macrophage-associated inflammation in white adipose tissue. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Newman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Nutrition Program, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Present address: Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - J Padiadpu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - C L Miranda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - A A Magana
- Department of Chemistry, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - C P Wong
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Nutrition Program, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - K A Hioki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Present address: UMASS, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - J W Pederson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Z Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - M Gurung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Present address: Children Nutrition Center, USDA, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - A M Bruce
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - K Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - G Bobe
- Department of Animal Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - T J Sharpton
- Department of Microbiology, Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - N Shulzhenko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - C S Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - J F Stevens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - A F Gombart
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Linus Pauling Institute, Corvallis, OR, USA.
| | - A Morgun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
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Lv HW, Wang QL, Luo M, Zhu MD, Liang HM, Li WJ, Cai H, Zhou ZB, Wang H, Tong SQ, Li XN. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of natural prenylated flavonoids. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:207-272. [PMID: 37055613 PMCID: PMC10101826 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Prenylated flavonoids are a special kind of flavonoid derivative possessing one or more prenyl groups in the parent nucleus of the flavonoid. The presence of the prenyl side chain enriched the structural diversity of flavonoids and increased their bioactivity and bioavailability. Prenylated flavonoids show a wide range of biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, cardioprotective effects, and anti-osteoclastogenic activities. In recent years, many compounds with significant activity have been discovered with the continuous excavation of the medicinal value of prenylated flavonoids, and have attracted the extensive attention of pharmacologists. This review summarizes recent progress on research into natural active prenylated flavonoids to promote new discoveries of their medicinal value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Wei Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiao-Liang Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Meng Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Di Zhu
- Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Zhejiang University of Technology University, 310014, Hang Zhou, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Min Liang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Hai Cai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Bo Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Qiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China.
| | - Xing-Nuo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China.
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