1
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Feng J, Mak CH, Yu L, Han B, Shen HH, Santoso SP, Yuan M, Li FF, Song H, Colmenares JC, Hsu HY. Structural Modification Strategies, Interfacial Charge-Carrier Dynamics, and Solar Energy Conversion Applications of Organic-Inorganic Halide Perovskite Photocatalysts. Small Methods 2024; 8:e2300429. [PMID: 37381684 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, organic-inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) as novel photocatalyst materials have attracted intensive attention for an impressive variety of photocatalytic applications due to their excellent photophysical (chemical) properties. Regarding practical application and future commercialization, the air-water stability and photocatalytic performance of OIHPs need to be further improved. Accordingly, studying modification strategies and interfacial interaction mechanisms is crucial. In this review, the current progress in the development and photocatalytic fundamentals of OIHPs is summarized. Furthermore, the structural modification strategies of OIHPs, including dimensionality control, heterojunction design, encapsulation techniques, and so on for the enhancement of charge-carrier transfer and the enlargement of long-term stability, are elucidated. Subsequently, the interfacial mechanisms and charge-carrier dynamics of OIHPs during the photocatalytic process are systematically specified and classified via diverse photophysical and electrochemical characterization methods, such as time-resolved photoluminescence measurements, ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements, transient photocurrent densities, and so forth. Eventually, various photocatalytic applications of OIHPs, including hydrogen evolution, CO2 reduction, pollutant degradation, and photocatalytic conversion of organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianpei Feng
- School of Energy and Environment & Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Chun Hong Mak
- School of Energy and Environment & Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
| | - Li Yu
- School of Energy and Environment & Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Bin Han
- Materials Institute of Atomic and Molecular Science, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Hsin-Hui Shen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Shella Permatasari Santoso
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Surabaya, East Java, 60114, Indonesia
| | - Mingjian Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Haisheng Song
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, P. R. China
| | | | - Hsien-Yi Hsu
- School of Energy and Environment & Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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2
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Martínez-Periñán E, Martínez-Sobrino Á, Bravo I, García-Mendiola T, Mateo-Martí E, Pariente F, Lorenzo E. Neutral Red-carbon nanodots for selective fluorescent DNA sensing. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:5537-5548. [PMID: 35288763 PMCID: PMC9242914 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03980-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanodots modified with Neutral Red covalently inserted in the nanostructure (NR-CDs) have been prepared by a simple synthesis method based on microwave irradiation under controlled temperature and pressure. The synthetized NR-CDs have been characterized by different techniques, demonstrating the covalent bonding of Neutral Red molecules to the carbon dots nanostructure. Fluorescence activity of the prepare NR-CDs has been explored showing different interaction pathways with singled and doubled stranded DNA. These studies have been successfully applied to develop a new fluorescence DNA hybridization assay to the detection of a specific DNA sequence of Escherichia coli bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Martínez-Periñán
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Álvaro Martínez-Sobrino
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iria Bravo
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania García-Mendiola
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Mateo-Martí
- Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Ctra. Ajalvir, Km. 4, Torrejón de Ardoz, 28850, Madrid, Spain
| | - Félix Pariente
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Encarnación Lorenzo
- Departamento de Química Analítica y Análisis Instrumental, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain. .,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain. .,IMDEA-Nanociencia, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Lee SH, Matula AJ, Hu G, Troiano JL, Karpovich CJ, Crabtree RH, Batista VS, Brudvig GW. Strongly Coupled Phenazine-Porphyrin Dyads: Light-Harvesting Molecular Assemblies with Broad Absorption Coverage. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:8000-8008. [PMID: 30698407 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b20996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of light-harvesting architectures with broad absorption coverage in the visible region continues to be an important research area in the field of artificial photosynthesis. Here, we introduce a new class of ethynyl-linked panchromatic dyads composed of dibenzophenazines coupled ortho and meta to tetrapyrroles with an anchoring group that can be grafted onto metal oxide surfaces. Quantum chemical calculations and photophysical measurements of the synthesized materials reveal that both of the dibenzophenazine dyads absorb broadly from 300 to 636 nm and exhibit absorption bands different from those of the constituent chromophore units. Moreover, the different points of attachment of dibenzophenazines to tetrapyrroles give different absorption profiles which computations suggest result from differences in the planarity of the two dyads. Applicability of the dyads in artificial photosynthesis systems was assessed by their incorporation and characterization of their performance in dye-sensitized solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Adam J Matula
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Gongfang Hu
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Jennifer L Troiano
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Christopher J Karpovich
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Robert H Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Victor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, and Yale Energy Sciences Institute , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8107 , United States
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4
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Chochos CL, Chávez P, Bulut I, Lévêque P, Spanos M, Tatsi E, Katsouras A, Avgeropoulos A, Gregoriou VG, Leclerc N. Experimental and theoretical investigations on the optical and electrochemical properties of π-conjugated donor-acceptor-donor (DAD) compounds toward a universal model. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:124902. [PMID: 30278667 DOI: 10.1063/1.5049670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of nine (9) donor-acceptor-donor (DAD) π-conjugated small molecules were synthesized via palladium catalyzed Stille aromatic cross-coupling reactions by the combination of six (6) heterocycle building blocks (thiophene, furan, thiazole, 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, 2,1,3-pyridinothiadiazole, thienothiadiazole) acting as electron donating (thiazole, furan, thiophene) and electron deficient (benzothiadiazole, pyridinethiadiazole, thienothiadiazole) units. These model compounds enable determining the correspondence between the theoretical and experimental optical and electrochemical properties for the first time, via Density Functional Theory (DFT), time-dependent DFT, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry, accordingly. The obtained theoretical models can be utilized for the design and synthesis of new DAD structures with precise optical bandgaps, absorption maxima, and energy levels suitable for different optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos L Chochos
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Patricia Chávez
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé, Université de Strasbourg, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Ibrahim Bulut
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé, Université de Strasbourg, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick Lévêque
- Laboratoire ICube, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, UMR7357, 23 Rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michael Spanos
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Elisavet Tatsi
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Athanasios Katsouras
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Apostolos Avgeropoulos
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Vasilis G Gregoriou
- National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF), 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Nicolas Leclerc
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Energie, l'Environnement et la Santé, Université de Strasbourg, Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
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5
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Chhatre S, Ichake A, Harpale K, Patil S, Deshpande A, More M, Wadgaonkar PP. Phenazine-containing poly(phenylenevinylene): a new polymer with impressive field emission properties. J Polym Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-017-1428-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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6
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Cesaretti A, Carlotti B, Elisei F, Fortuna CG, Spalletti A. Photoinduced ICT vs. excited rotamer intercoversion in two quadrupolar polyaromatic N-methylpyridinium cations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:2851-2864. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06395d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The excited state deactivation of two quadrupolar polyaromatic N-methylpyridinium cations is ruled by either Rotamer Interconversion (RI) in the molecule bearing two naphthyl side groups or Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT) by extending the aromaticity in the pyrenyl derivative.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Cesaretti
- Department of Chemistry
- Biology and Biotechnology and Centro di Eccellenza sui Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN)
- University of Perugia
- 06123 Perugia
- Italy
| | - B. Carlotti
- Department of Chemistry
- Biology and Biotechnology and Centro di Eccellenza sui Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN)
- University of Perugia
- 06123 Perugia
- Italy
| | - F. Elisei
- Department of Chemistry
- Biology and Biotechnology and Centro di Eccellenza sui Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN)
- University of Perugia
- 06123 Perugia
- Italy
| | - C. G. Fortuna
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Catania
- I-95125 Catania
- Italy
| | - A. Spalletti
- Department of Chemistry
- Biology and Biotechnology and Centro di Eccellenza sui Materiali Innovativi Nanostrutturati (CEMIN)
- University of Perugia
- 06123 Perugia
- Italy
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7
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Ai Q, Getmanenko YA, Jarolimek K, Castañeda R, Timofeeva TV, Risko C. Unusual Electronic Structure of the Donor-Acceptor Cocrystal Formed by Dithieno[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine and 7,7,8,8-Tetracyanoquinodimethane. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:4510-4515. [PMID: 28862454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mixed cocrystals derived from electron-rich donor (D) and electron-deficient acceptor (A) molecules showcase electronic, optical, and magnetic properties of interest for a wide range of applications. We explore the structural and electronic properties of a cocrystal synthesized from dithieno[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (DTPhz) and 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ), which has a mixed-stack packing arrangement of the (π-electronic) face-to-face stacks in a 2:1 D:A stoichiometry. Density functional theory investigations reveal that the primary electronic characteristics of the cocrystal are not determined by electronic interactions along the face-to-face stacks, but rather they are characterized by stronger electronic interactions orthogonal to these stacks that follow the edge-to-edge donor-donor or acceptor-acceptor contacts. These distinctive electronic characteristics portend semiconducting properties that are unusual for semiconducting mixed cocrystals and suggest further potential to design organic semiconductors with orthogonal transport characteristics for different charge carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxiang Ai
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Yulia A Getmanenko
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Highlands University , Las Vegas, New Mexico 87701, United States
| | - Karol Jarolimek
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
| | - Raúl Castañeda
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Highlands University , Las Vegas, New Mexico 87701, United States
| | - Tatiana V Timofeeva
- Department of Chemistry, New Mexico Highlands University , Las Vegas, New Mexico 87701, United States
| | - Chad Risko
- Department of Chemistry & Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, United States
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8
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Ratzke W, Schmitt L, Matsuoka H, Bannwarth C, Retegan M, Bange S, Klemm P, Neese F, Grimme S, Schiemann O, Lupton JM, Höger S. Effect of Conjugation Pathway in Metal-Free Room-Temperature Dual Singlet-Triplet Emitters for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:4802-4808. [PMID: 27788014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free dual singlet-triplet organic light-emitting diode (OLED) emitters can provide direct insight into spin statistics, spin correlations and spin relaxation phenomena, through a comparison of fluorescence to phosphorescence intensity. Remarkably, such materials can also function at room temperature, exhibiting phosphorescence lifetimes of several milliseconds. Using electroluminescence, quantum chemistry, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we investigate the effect of the conjugation pathway on radiative and nonradiative relaxation of the triplet state in phenazine-based compounds and demonstrate that the contribution of the phenazine nπ* excited state is crucial to enabling phosphorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Ratzke
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Schmitt
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, University of Bonn , Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hideto Matsuoka
- Institute für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, University of Bonn , Wegelerstr. 12, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn , Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marius Retegan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion , Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bange
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Philippe Klemm
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion , Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn , Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Olav Schiemann
- Institute für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, University of Bonn , Wegelerstr. 12, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - John M Lupton
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sigurd Höger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, University of Bonn , Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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9
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Zhang Y, Liu X, Wang M, Liu X, Zhao J. Low Band Gap Donor⁻Acceptor Type Polymers Containing 2,3-Bis(4-(decyloxy)phenyl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine as Acceptor and Different Thiophene Derivatives as Donors. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:polym8100377. [PMID: 30974655 PMCID: PMC6432059 DOI: 10.3390/polym8100377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Four donor–acceptor type conducting polymers, namely poly(2,3-bis(4-decyloxy)phenyl)-5,8-bis(4-thiophen-2-yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine) (P1), poly(2,3-bis(4-decyloxy)phenyl)-5,8-bis(4-butylthiophen-2-yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine) (P2), poly(2,3-bis(4-(decyloxy)phenyl)-5,8-bis(4-hexyloxythiophen-2-yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine) (P3) and poly(2,3-bis(4-(decyloxy)phenyl)-5,8-bis(2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxin-7-yl)pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine) (P4), containing thiophene or its derivative as the donor and pyrido[4,3-b]pyrazine as the acceptor were prepared and characterized by cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, and UV-Vis spectroscopy to detect the influence of the donor units’ strength on the electrochromic performances. The results demonstrated that all of the polymers could be reversibly reduced and oxidized by p-type doping and n-type doping, and showed near-infrared activities and different color changes in p-type doping process. Especially, P3 and P4 showed lower optical band gap than P1 and P2 due to the strong electron-donating hexyloxythiophen group of P3 and ethylenedioxythiophene group of P4. Besides, P3 and P4 displayed the saturated green color at the neutral state and the desirable transparency at the oxidized state. All the polymers displayed desirable optical contrasts, satisfactory coloration efficiency, excellent stability and short switching time, which made the polymers fascinating candidates in the electrochromic device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng 252000, China.
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
| | - Jinsheng Zhao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China.
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10
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Chen Y, Lu X, Xiang C, Ling Y, Zhou G. Charge Transfer Through Dithieno[2,3-a:3',2'-c]phenazine: Effect of Substitution Pattern on the Optoelectronic Properties of Regioisomeric Luminophores. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:874-81. [PMID: 26790136 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201501389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Two series of regioisomeric luminophores that contained a dithieno[2,3-a:3',2'-c]phenazine (DTP) unit as an electron acceptor have been designed and synthesized. To investigate the effect of substitution pattern on the optoelectronic properties of these luminophores, electron donors (N,N-dihexylaniline or N,N-dihexyl-4-vinylaniline) were incorporated at the 2,5-, 8,11-, and 9,10-positions of the DTP unit. We found that the optoelectronic properties of the regioisomeric luminophores were greatly affected by the substitution pattern: functionalization at the 8,11-positions of the DTP unit was superior to the other two substitution patterns in extending the effective π-conjugation and strengthening the intramolecular charge-transfer interactions. Moreover, the insertion of vinyl groups between the DTP and N,N-dihexylaniline units narrowed the energy band-gap for isomers 4 and 5. However, hypsochromically shifted absorption and photoluminescence maxima were observed for isomeric luminophore 6, in which electron donors were substituted at the 2,5-positions of the DTP unit. These results should facilitate greater understanding of the structure-property relationships in regioisomeric semiconductors and present a new way to design optoelectronic materials with effective substitution patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Chen
- Lab of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Lu
- Lab of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Chunlan Xiang
- Lab of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Ling
- Lab of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Gang Zhou
- Lab of Advanced Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China.
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11
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Meinhardt U, Lodermeyer F, Schaub TA, Kunzmann A, Dral PO, Sale AC, Hampel F, Guldi DM, Costa RD, Kivala M. N-Heterotriangulene chromophores with 4-pyridyl anchors for dye-sensitized solar cells. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra14799b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of N-heterotriangulenes decorated with 4-pyridyl anchors were synthesized and their performance in n-type TiO2- and ZnO-based dye-sensitized solar cells investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Meinhardt
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91054 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Fabian Lodermeyer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Tobias A. Schaub
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91054 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Andreas Kunzmann
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Pavlo O. Dral
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung
- 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr
- Germany
| | - Anna Chiara Sale
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91054 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Frank Hampel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91054 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Ruben D. Costa
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91058 Erlangen
- Germany
| | - Milan Kivala
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
- 91054 Erlangen
- Germany
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Mazumdar S, Tamilselvan M, Bhattacharyya AJ. Optimizing Photovoltaic Response by Tuning Light-Harvesting Nanocrystal Shape Synthesized Using a Quick Liquid-Gas Phase Reaction. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:28188-28196. [PMID: 26484562 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The electron recombination lifetime in a sensitized semiconductor assembly is greatly influenced by the crystal structure and geometric form of the light-harvesting semiconductor nanocrystal. When such light harvesters with varying structural characteristics are configured in a photoanode, its interface with the electrolyte becomes equally important and directly influences the photovoltaic efficiency. We have systematically probed here the influence of nanocrystal crystallographic structure and shape on the electron recombination lifetime and its eventual influence on the light to electricity conversion efficiency of a liquid junction semiconductor sensitized solar cell. The light-harvesting cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanocrystals of distinctly different and controlled shapes are obtained using a novel and simple liquid-gas phase synthesis method performed at different temperatures involving very short reaction times. High-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic studies respectively exhibit different crystallographic phase content and optical properties. When assembled on a mesoscopic TiO2 film by a linker molecule, they exhibit remarkable variation in electron recombination lifetime by 1 order of magnitude, as determined by ac-impedance spectroscopy. This also drastically affects the photovoltaic efficiency of the differently shaped nanocrystal sensitized solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayantan Mazumdar
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Muthusamy Tamilselvan
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Aninda J Bhattacharyya
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
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Koepf M, Lee SH, Brennan BJ, Méndez-Hernández DD, Batista VS, Brudvig GW, Crabtree RH. Preparation of Halogenated Fluorescent Diaminophenazine Building Blocks. J Org Chem 2015; 80:9881-8. [PMID: 26390117 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A short, convenient, and scalable protocol for the one-pot synthesis of a series of fluorescent 7,8-dihalo-2,3-diaminophenazines is introduced. The synthetic route is based on the oxidative condensation of 4,5-dihalo-1,2-diaminobenzenes in aqueous conditions. The resulting diaminophenazines could be attractive intermediates for the preparation of polyfunctional phenazines and extended polyheteroacenes. We find that the undesired hydroxylation byproducts, typically obtained in aqueous conditions, are completely suppressed by addition of a stoichiometric amount of acetone during the oxidation step allowing for selective formation of 7,8-dihalo-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]phenazine derivatives with good to excellent yields. Under reductive conditions, the imidazolidine ring can be hydrolyzed into the desired 7,8-dihalo-2,3-diaminophenazines. Furthermore, we report a selective route under highly reducing conditions to monohydrodeaminate the 2,3-di(methylamino) phenazine derivatives, which allows for further structural variations of these phenazine building blocks. All of these derivatives are luminescent, with measured fluorescence quantum-yields of up to 80% in ethanol for the more rigid structures, highlighting the potential of such materials to provide new fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Koepf
- Energy Sciences Institute, and Department of Chemistry, Yale University , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Shin Hee Lee
- Energy Sciences Institute, and Department of Chemistry, Yale University , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Bradley J Brennan
- Energy Sciences Institute, and Department of Chemistry, Yale University , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Dalvin D Méndez-Hernández
- Energy Sciences Institute, and Department of Chemistry, Yale University , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Victor S Batista
- Energy Sciences Institute, and Department of Chemistry, Yale University , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Energy Sciences Institute, and Department of Chemistry, Yale University , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Robert H Crabtree
- Energy Sciences Institute, and Department of Chemistry, Yale University , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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