1
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Pracht P, Grimme S, Bannwarth C, Bohle F, Ehlert S, Feldmann G, Gorges J, Müller M, Neudecker T, Plett C, Spicher S, Steinbach P, Wesołowski PA, Zeller F. CREST-A program for the exploration of low-energy molecular chemical space. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:114110. [PMID: 38511658 DOI: 10.1063/5.0197592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Conformer-rotamer sampling tool (CREST) is an open-source program for the efficient and automated exploration of molecular chemical space. Originally developed in Pracht et al. [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 22, 7169 (2020)] as an automated driver for calculations at the extended tight-binding level (xTB), it offers a variety of molecular- and metadynamics simulations, geometry optimization, and molecular structure analysis capabilities. Implemented algorithms include automated procedures for conformational sampling, explicit solvation studies, the calculation of absolute molecular entropy, and the identification of molecular protonation and deprotonation sites. Calculations are set up to run concurrently, providing efficient single-node parallelization. CREST is designed to require minimal user input and comes with an implementation of the GFNn-xTB Hamiltonians and the GFN-FF force-field. Furthermore, interfaces to any quantum chemistry and force-field software can easily be created. In this article, we present recent developments in the CREST code and show a selection of applications for the most important features of the program. An important novelty is the refactored calculation backend, which provides significant speed-up for sampling of small or medium-sized drug molecules and allows for more sophisticated setups, for example, quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics and minimum energy crossing point calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Pracht
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Melatener Str. 20, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Fabian Bohle
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ehlert
- AI4Science, Microsoft Research, Evert van de Beekstraat 354, 1118 CZ Schiphol, The Netherlands
| | - Gereon Feldmann
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Melatener Str. 20, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Johannes Gorges
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcel Müller
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Tim Neudecker
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Christoph Plett
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Pit Steinbach
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Melatener Str. 20, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Patryk A Wesołowski
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Felix Zeller
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
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2
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Kolarski D, Steinbach P, Bannwarth C, Klaue K, Hecht S. Diaryltriazolium Photoswitch: Reaching a Millisecond Cycloreversion with High Stability and NIR Absorption. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318015. [PMID: 38116882 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The exceptional thermal stability of diarylethene closed isomers enabled many applications but also prevented utilization in photochromic systems that require rapid thermal reversibility. Herein, we report the diaryltriazolium (DAT+ ) photoswitch undergoing thermal cycloreversion within a few milliseconds and absorption of the closed form in the near-infrared region above 900 nm. Click chemistry followed by alkylation offers modular and fast access to the electron-deficient DAT+ scaffold. In addition to excellent fatigue resistance, the introduced charge increases water solubility, rendering this photoswitch an ideal candidate for exploring biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Kolarski
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, NanoBioPhotonics, Am Faßberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Pit Steinbach
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Melatener Str. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Melatener Str. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristin Klaue
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Center for the Science of Materials Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hecht
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Center for the Science of Materials Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Zum Großen Windkanal 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstr. 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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3
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Tang B, Pauls M, Bannwarth C, Hecht S. Photoswitchable Quadruple Hydrogen-Bonding Motif. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:45-50. [PMID: 38033296 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Multiple hydrogen-bonding motifs serve as important building blocks for molecular recognition and self-assembly. Herein, a photoswitchable quadruple hydrogen-bonding motif featuring near-complete, reversible, and thermostable conversion between DADA and AADD arrays associated with an alteration of their dimerization constants by over 3 orders of magnitude is reported. The system is based on a diarylethene featuring a ureidopyrimidin-4-ol moiety, which upon photoinduced ring closure and associated loss of aromaticity undergoes enol-keto tautomerization to a ureidopyrimidinone moiety. The latter causes a transformation of the hydrogen-bonding arrays and significantly weakens the free energy of dimerization in the case of the closed isomer. This photoswitchable quadruple hydrogen-bonding motif should allow us to spatially and temporarily direct self-assembly and supramolecular polymerization processes by light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohan Tang
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Mike Pauls
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Hecht
- DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Center for the Science of Materials Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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4
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Pracht P, Bannwarth C. Finding Excited-State Minimum Energy Crossing Points on a Budget: Non-Self-Consistent Tight-Binding Methods. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:4440-4448. [PMID: 37144783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The automated exploration and identification of minimum energy conical intersections (MECIs) is a valuable computational strategy for the study of photochemical processes. Due to the immense computational effort involved in calculating non-adiabatic derivative coupling vectors, simplifications have been introduced focusing instead on minimum energy crossing points (MECPs), where promising attempts were made with semiempirical quantum mechanical methods. A simplified treatment for describing crossing points between almost arbitrary diabatic states based on a non-self-consistent extended tight-binding method, GFN0-xTB, is presented. Involving only a single diagonalization of the Hamiltonian, the method can provide energies and gradients for multiple electronic states, which can be used in a derivative coupling-vector-free scheme to calculate MECPs. By comparison with high-lying MECIs of benchmark systems, it is demonstrated that the identified geometries are good starting points for further MECI refinement with ab initio methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Pracht
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Melatener Str. 20, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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5
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Bannwarth C, Martínez TJ. SQMBox: Interfacing a semiempirical integral library to modular ab initio electronic structure enables new semiempirical methods. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:074109. [PMID: 36813714 DOI: 10.1063/5.0132776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Ab initio and semiempirical electronic structure methods are usually implemented in separate software packages or use entirely different code paths. As a result, it can be time-consuming to transfer an established ab initio electronic structure scheme to a semiempirical Hamiltonian. We present an approach to unify ab initio and semiempirical electronic structure code paths based on a separation of the wavefunction ansatz and the needed matrix representations of operators. With this separation, the Hamiltonian can refer to either an ab initio or semiempirical treatment of the resulting integrals. We built a semiempirical integral library and interfaced it to the GPU-accelerated electronic structure code TeraChem. Equivalency between ab initio and semiempirical tight-binding Hamiltonian terms is assigned according to their dependence on the one-electron density matrix. The new library provides semiempirical equivalents of the Hamiltonian matrix and gradient intermediates, corresponding to those provided by the ab initio integral library. This enables the straightforward combination of semiempirical Hamiltonians with the full pre-existing ground and excited state functionality of the ab initio electronic structure code. We demonstrate the capability of this approach by combining the extended tight-binding method GFN1-xTB with both spin-restricted ensemble-referenced Kohn-Sham and complete active space methods. We also present a highly efficient GPU implementation of the semiempirical Mulliken-approximated Fock exchange. The additional computational cost for this term becomes negligible even on consumer-grade GPUs, enabling Mulliken-approximated exchange in tight-binding methods for essentially no additional cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bannwarth
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Todd J Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA and SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
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6
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Kutta RJ, Großkopf J, van Staalduinen N, Seitz A, Pracht P, Breitenlechner S, Bannwarth C, Nuernberger P, Bach T. Multifaceted View on the Mechanism of a Photochemical Deracemization Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2354-2363. [PMID: 36660908 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Upon irradiation in the presence of a chiral benzophenone catalyst (5 mol %), a racemic mixture of a given chiral imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) can be converted almost quantitatively into the same compound with high enantiomeric excess (80-99% ee). The mechanism of this photochemical deracemization reaction was elucidated by a suite of mechanistic experiments. It was corroborated by nuclear magnetic resonance titration that the catalyst binds the two enantiomers by two-point hydrogen bonding. In one of the diastereomeric complexes, the hydrogen atom at the stereogenic carbon atom is ideally positioned for hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) to the photoexcited benzophenone. Detection of the protonated ketyl radical by transient absorption revealed hydrogen abstraction to occur from only one but not from the other hydantoin enantiomer. Quantum chemical calculations allowed us to visualize the HAT within this complex and, more importantly, showed that the back HAT does not occur to the carbon atom of the hydantoin radical but to its oxygen atom. The achiral enol formed in this process could be directly monitored by its characteristic transient absorption signal at λ ≅ 330 nm. Subsequent tautomerization leads to both hydantoin enantiomers, but only one of them returns to the catalytic cycle, thus leading to an enrichment of the other enantiomer. The data are fully consistent with deuterium labeling experiments and deliver a detailed picture of a synthetically useful photochemical deracemization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Jan Kutta
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, RegensburgD-93053, Germany
| | - Johannes Großkopf
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, D-85747Garching, Germany
| | - Nils van Staalduinen
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074Aachen, Germany
| | - Antonia Seitz
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, D-85747Garching, Germany
| | - Philipp Pracht
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074Aachen, Germany.,Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CambridgeCB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Breitenlechner
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, D-85747Garching, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, D-52074Aachen, Germany
| | - Patrick Nuernberger
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 31, RegensburgD-93053, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, D-85747Garching, Germany
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7
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Pracht P, Bannwarth C. Fast Screening of Minimum Energy Crossing Points with Semiempirical Tight-Binding Methods. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:6370-6385. [PMID: 36121838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The investigation of photochemical processes is a highly active field in computational chemistry. One research direction is the automated exploration and identification of minimum energy conical intersection (MECI) geometries. However, due to the immense technical effort required to calculate nonadiabatic potential energy landscapes, the routine application of such computational protocols is severely limited. In this study, we will discuss the prospect of combining adiabatic potential energy surfaces from semiempirical quantum mechanical calculations with specialized confinement potential and metadynamics simulations to identify S0/T1 minimum energy crossing point (MECP) geometries. It is shown that MECPs calculated at the GFN2-xTB level can provide suitable approximations to high-level S0/S1ab initio conical intersection geometries at a fraction of the computational cost. Reference MECIs of benzene are studied to illustrate the basic concept. An example application of the presented protocol is demonstrated for a set of photoswitch molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Pracht
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Melatener Str. 20, 52056Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Melatener Str. 20, 52056Aachen, Germany
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8
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Kratz T, Steinbach P, Breitenlechner S, Storch G, Bannwarth C, Bach T. Photochemical Deracemization of Chiral Alkenes via Triplet Energy Transfer. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10133-10138. [PMID: 35658423 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-mediated, enantioselective approach to axially chiral alkenes is described. Starting from a racemic mixture, a major alkene enantiomer is formed due to selective triplet energy transfer from a catalytically active chiral sensitizer. A catalyst loading of 2 mol % was sufficient to guarantee consistently high enantioselectivities and yields (16 examples, 51%-quant., 81-96% ee). NMR studies and DFT computations revealed that triplet energy transfer is more rapid within the substrate-catalyst complex of the minor alkene enantiomer. Since this enantiomer is continuously racemized, the major enantiomer is enriched in the photostationary state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilo Kratz
- School of Natural Sciences, Department Chemie, and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Pit Steinbach
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Breitenlechner
- School of Natural Sciences, Department Chemie, and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Golo Storch
- School of Natural Sciences, Department Chemie, and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- School of Natural Sciences, Department Chemie, and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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9
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Abstract
Chirality is a molecular property governed by the topography of the potential energy surface (PES). Thermally achiral molecules interconvert rapidly when the interconversion barrier between the two enantiomers is comparable to or lower than the thermal energy, in contrast to thermally stable chiral configurations. In principle, a change in the PES topography on the excited electronic state may diminish interconversion, leading to electronically prochiral molecules that can be converted from achiral to chiral by electronic excitation. Here we report that this is the case for two prototypical examples – cis-stilbene and cis-stiff stilbene. Both systems exhibit unidirectional photoisomerization for each enantiomer as a result of their electronic prochirality. We simulate an experiment to demonstrate this effect in cis-stilbene based on its interaction with circularly polarized light. Our results highlight the drastic change in chiral behavior upon electronic excitation, opening up the possibility for asymmetric photochemistry from an effectively nonchiral starting point. The authors report non-adiabatic first principles molecular dynamics to show how an achiral molecule can be converted to a chiral one upon photoexcitation. These results demonstrate the possibility of asymmetric photochemistry starting from achiral reactants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Raucci
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.,Italian Institute of Technology, Genova, GE, Italy
| | - Hayley Weir
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - David M Sanchez
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.,Design Physics Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, USA
| | - Todd J Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
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10
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Oliver GA, Loch MN, Augustin AU, Steinbach P, Sharique M, Tambar UK, Jones PG, Bannwarth C, Werz DB. Cycloadditions of Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes and ‐butanes using S=N‐Containing Reagents: Access to Cyclic Sulfinamides, Sulfonamides, and Sulfinamidines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202106596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwyndaf A. Oliver
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Maximilian N. Loch
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - André U. Augustin
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Pit Steinbach
- Institute of Physical Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Melatener Str. 20 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Mohammed Sharique
- Department of Biochemistry The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard Dallas TX 75390-9038 USA
| | - Uttam K. Tambar
- Department of Biochemistry The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard Dallas TX 75390-9038 USA
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Institute of Physical Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Melatener Str. 20 52056 Aachen Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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11
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Hohenstein EG, Yu JK, Bannwarth C, List NH, Paul AC, Folkestad SD, Koch H, Martínez TJ. Predictions of Pre-edge Features in Time-Resolved Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscopy from Hole-Hole Tamm-Dancoff-Approximated Density Functional Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:7120-7133. [PMID: 34623139 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Time-resolved near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (TR-NEXAFS) spectroscopy is a powerful technique for studying photochemical reaction dynamics with femtosecond time resolution. In order to avoid ambiguity in TR-NEXAFS spectra from nonadiabatic dynamics simulations, core- and valence-excited states must be evaluated on equal footing and those valence states must also define the potential energy surfaces used in the nonadiabatic dynamics simulation. In this work, we demonstrate that hole-hole Tamm-Dancoff-approximated density functional theory (hh-TDA) is capable of directly simulating TR-NEXAFS spectroscopies. We apply hh-TDA to the excited-state dynamics of acrolein. We identify two pre-edge features in the oxygen K-edge TR-NEXAFS spectrum associated with the S2 (ππ*) and S1 (nπ*) excited states. We show that these features can be used to follow the internal conversion dynamics between the lowest three electronic states of acrolein. Due to the low, O(N2) apparent computational complexity of hh-TDA and our GPU-accelerated implementation, this method is promising for the simulation of pre-edge features in TR-NEXAFS spectra of large molecules and molecules in the condensed phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward G Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Jimmy K Yu
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States.,Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Nanna Holmgaard List
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Alexander C Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Sarai D Folkestad
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Henrik Koch
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.,Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavaleri 7, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Todd J Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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12
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Schleper AL, Goushi K, Bannwarth C, Haehnle B, Welscher PJ, Adachi C, Kuehne AJC. Hot exciplexes in U-shaped TADF molecules with emission from locally excited states. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6179. [PMID: 34702836 PMCID: PMC8548444 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26439-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast emission and high color purity are essential characteristics of modern opto-electronic devices, such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs). These properties are currently not met by the latest generation of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. Here, we present an approach, called "hot exciplexes" that enables access to both attributes at the same time. Hot exciplexes are produced by coupling facing donor and acceptor moieties to an anthracene bridge, yielding an exciplex with large T1 to T2 spacing. The hot exciplex model is investigated using optical spectroscopy and quantum chemical simulations. Reverse intersystem crossing is found to occur preferentially from the T3 to the S1 state within only a few nanoseconds. Application and practicality of the model are shown by fabrication of organic light-emitting diodes with up to 32 % hot exciplex contribution and low efficiency roll-off.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lennart Schleper
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kenichi Goushi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Bastian Haehnle
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Philipp J Welscher
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Chihaya Adachi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Research (OPERA), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishiku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Alexander J C Kuehne
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
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13
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Oliver GA, Loch MN, Augustin AU, Steinbach P, Sharique M, Tambar UK, Jones PG, Bannwarth C, Werz DB. Cycloadditions of Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes and -butanes using S=N-Containing Reagents: Access to Cyclic Sulfinamides, Sulfonamides, and Sulfinamidines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:25825-25831. [PMID: 34499800 PMCID: PMC9298015 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202106596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We present (3+2)‐ and (4+2)‐cycloadditions of donor–acceptor (D–A) cyclopropanes and cyclobutanes with N‐sulfinylamines and a sulfur diimide, along with a one‐pot, two‐step strategy for the formal insertion of HNSO2 into D–A cyclopropanes. These are rare examples of cycloadditions with D–A cyclopropanes and cyclobutanes whereby the 2π component consists of two different heteroatoms, thus leading to five‐ and six‐membered rings containing adjacent heteroatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwyndaf A Oliver
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Maximilian N Loch
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - André U Augustin
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Pit Steinbach
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Melatener Str. 20, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mohammed Sharique
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390-9038, USA
| | - Uttam K Tambar
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390-9038, USA
| | - Peter G Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Melatener Str. 20, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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14
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Plaza M, Großkopf J, Breitenlechner S, Bannwarth C, Bach T. Photochemical Deracemization of Primary Allene Amides by Triplet Energy Transfer: A Combined Synthetic and Theoretical Study. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:11209-11217. [PMID: 34279085 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The photochemical deracemization of 2,4-disubstituted 2,3-butadienamides (allene amides) was investigated both experimentally and theoretically. The reaction was catalyzed by a thioxanthone which is covalently linked to a chiral 1,5,7-trimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-2-one skeleton providing a U-shaped arrangement of the sensitizing unit relative to a potential hydrogen-bonding site. Upon irradiation at λ = 420 nm in the presence of the sensitizer (2.5 mol %), the amides reached at -10 °C a photostationary state in which one enantiomer prevailed. The enantioenriched allene amides (70-93% ee) were isolated in 74% to quantitative yield (19 examples). Based on luminescence data and DFT calculations, energy transfer from the thioxanthone to the allene amides is thermodynamically feasible, and the achiral triplet allene intermediate was structurally characterized. Hydrogen bonding of the amide enantiomers to the sensitizer was monitored by NMR titration. The experimental association constants (Ka) were similar (59.8 vs 25.7 L·mol-1). DFT calculations, however, revealed a significant difference in the binding properties of the two enantiomers. The major product enantiomer exhibits a noncovalent dispersion interaction of its arylmethyl group to the external benzene ring of the thioxanthone, thus moving away the allene from the carbonyl chromophore. The minor enantiomer displays a CH-π interaction of the hydrogen atom at the terminal allene carbon atom to the same benzene ring, thus forcing the allene into close proximity to the chromophore. The binding behavior explains the observed enantioselectivity which, as corroborated by additional calculations, is due to a rapid triplet energy transfer within the substrate-catalyst complex of the minor enantiomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Plaza
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes Großkopf
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Stefan Breitenlechner
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), Technische Universität München, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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15
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Yu JK, Bannwarth C, Liang R, Hohenstein EG, Martínez TJ. Nonadiabatic Dynamics Simulation of the Wavelength-Dependent Photochemistry of Azobenzene Excited to the nπ* and ππ* Excited States. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20680-20690. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy K. Yu
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Ruibin Liang
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Todd J. Martínez
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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16
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Bannwarth C, Caldeweyher E, Ehlert S, Hansen A, Pracht P, Seibert J, Spicher S, Grimme S. Extended
tight‐binding
quantum chemistry methods. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bannwarth
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute Stanford University Stanford California USA
| | - Eike Caldeweyher
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Sebastian Ehlert
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Philipp Pracht
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Jakob Seibert
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Sebastian Spicher
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Bonn Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität Bonn Bonn Germany
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17
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Yu JK, Bannwarth C, Hohenstein EG, Martínez TJ. Ab Initio Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics with Hole–Hole Tamm–Dancoff Approximated Density Functional Theory. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:5499-5511. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy K. Yu
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Todd J. Martínez
- Biophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
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18
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Seritan S, Bannwarth C, Fales BS, Hohenstein EG, Isborn CM, Kokkila‐Schumacher SIL, Li X, Liu F, Luehr N, Snyder JW, Song C, Titov AV, Ufimtsev IS, Wang L, Martínez TJ. TeraChem
: A graphical processing unit
‐accelerated
electronic structure package for
large‐scale
ab initio molecular dynamics. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Seritan
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute Stanford University Stanford California USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California USA
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute Stanford University Stanford California USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California USA
| | - Bryan S. Fales
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute Stanford University Stanford California USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California USA
| | - Edward G. Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute Stanford University Stanford California USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California USA
| | - Christine M. Isborn
- Department of Chemistry University of California Merced Merced California USA
| | | | - Xin Li
- Division of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA
| | | | | | - Chenchen Song
- Department of Physics University of California Berkeley Berkeley California USA
- Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
| | | | - Ivan S. Ufimtsev
- Department of Structural Biology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California USA
| | - Lee‐Ping Wang
- Department of Chemistry University of California Davis Davis California USA
| | - Todd J. Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and the PULSE Institute Stanford University Stanford California USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California USA
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19
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Bannwarth C, Yu JK, Hohenstein EG, Martínez TJ. Hole-hole Tamm-Dancoff-approximated density functional theory: A highly efficient electronic structure method incorporating dynamic and static correlation. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:024110. [PMID: 32668944 DOI: 10.1063/5.0003985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of photochemical reaction dynamics requires accurate as well as computationally efficient electronic structure methods for the ground and excited states. While time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is not able to capture static correlation, complete active space self-consistent field methods neglect much of the dynamic correlation. Hence, inexpensive methods that encompass both static and dynamic electron correlation effects are of high interest. Here, we revisit hole-hole Tamm-Dancoff approximated (hh-TDA) density functional theory for this purpose. The hh-TDA method is the hole-hole counterpart to the more established particle-particle TDA (pp-TDA) method, both of which are derived from the particle-particle random phase approximation (pp-RPA). In hh-TDA, the N-electron electronic states are obtained through double annihilations starting from a doubly anionic (N+2 electron) reference state. In this way, hh-TDA treats ground and excited states on equal footing, thus allowing for conical intersections to be correctly described. The treatment of dynamic correlation is introduced through the use of commonly employed density functional approximations to the exchange-correlation potential. We show that hh-TDA is a promising candidate to efficiently treat the photochemistry of organic and biochemical systems that involve several low-lying excited states-particularly those with both low-lying ππ* and nπ* states where inclusion of dynamic correlation is essential to describe the relative energetics. In contrast to the existing literature on pp-TDA and pp-RPA, we employ a functional-dependent choice for the response kernel in pp- and hh-TDA, which closely resembles the response kernels occurring in linear response and collinear spin-flip TDDFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bannwarth
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Jimmy K Yu
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Edward G Hohenstein
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Todd J Martínez
- Department of Chemistry and The PULSE Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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20
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Seritan S, Bannwarth C, Fales BS, Hohenstein EG, Kokkila-Schumacher SIL, Luehr N, Snyder JW, Song C, Titov AV, Ufimtsev IS, Martínez TJ. TeraChem: Accelerating electronic structure and ab initio molecular dynamics with graphical processing units. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:224110. [PMID: 32534542 PMCID: PMC7928072 DOI: 10.1063/5.0007615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Developed over the past decade, TeraChem is an electronic structure and ab initio molecular dynamics software package designed from the ground up to leverage graphics processing units (GPUs) to perform large-scale ground and excited state quantum chemistry calculations in the gas and the condensed phase. TeraChem's speed stems from the reformulation of conventional electronic structure theories in terms of a set of individually optimized high-performance electronic structure operations (e.g., Coulomb and exchange matrix builds, one- and two-particle density matrix builds) and rank-reduction techniques (e.g., tensor hypercontraction). Recent efforts have encapsulated these core operations and provided language-agnostic interfaces. This greatly increases the accessibility and flexibility of TeraChem as a platform to develop new electronic structure methods on GPUs and provides clear optimization targets for emerging parallel computing architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ivan S. Ufimtsev
- Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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21
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de Wergifosse M, Bannwarth C, Grimme S. A Simplified Spin-Flip Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Approach for the Electronic Excitation Spectra of Very Large Diradicals. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:5815-5825. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b03176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc de Wergifosse
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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22
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Caldeweyher E, Ehlert S, Hansen A, Neugebauer H, Spicher S, Bannwarth C, Grimme S. A generally applicable atomic-charge dependent London dispersion correction. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:154122. [PMID: 31005066 DOI: 10.1063/1.5090222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 505] [Impact Index Per Article: 101.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The so-called D4 model is presented for the accurate computation of London dispersion interactions in density functional theory approximations (DFT-D4) and generally for atomistic modeling methods. In this successor to the DFT-D3 model, the atomic coordination-dependent dipole polarizabilities are scaled based on atomic partial charges which can be taken from various sources. For this purpose, a new charge-dependent parameter-economic scaling function is designed. Classical charges are obtained from an atomic electronegativity equilibration procedure for which efficient analytical derivatives with respect to nuclear positions are developed. A numerical Casimir-Polder integration of the atom-in-molecule dynamic polarizabilities then yields charge- and geometry-dependent dipole-dipole dispersion coefficients. Similar to the D3 model, the dynamic polarizabilities are precomputed by time-dependent DFT and all elements up to radon (Z = 86) are covered. The two-body dispersion energy expression has the usual sum-over-atom-pairs form and includes dipole-dipole as well as dipole-quadrupole interactions. For a benchmark set of 1225 molecular dipole-dipole dispersion coefficients, the D4 model achieves an unprecedented accuracy with a mean relative deviation of 3.8% compared to 4.7% for D3. In addition to the two-body part, three-body effects are described by an Axilrod-Teller-Muto term. A common many-body dispersion expansion was extensively tested, and an energy correction based on D4 polarizabilities is found to be advantageous for larger systems. Becke-Johnson-type damping parameters for DFT-D4 are determined for more than 60 common density functionals. For various standard energy benchmark sets, DFT-D4 slightly but consistently outperforms DFT-D3. Especially for metal containing systems, the introduced charge dependence of the dispersion coefficients improves thermochemical properties. We suggest (DFT-)D4 as a physically improved and more sophisticated dispersion model in place of DFT-D3 for DFT calculations as well as other low-cost approaches like semi-empirical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike Caldeweyher
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Ehlert
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hagen Neugebauer
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Spicher
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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23
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Bannwarth C, Ehlert S, Grimme S. GFN2-xTB-An Accurate and Broadly Parametrized Self-Consistent Tight-Binding Quantum Chemical Method with Multipole Electrostatics and Density-Dependent Dispersion Contributions. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:1652-1671. [PMID: 30741547 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.8b01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1248] [Impact Index Per Article: 249.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An extended semiempirical tight-binding model is presented, which is primarily designed for the fast calculation of structures and noncovalent interaction energies for molecular systems with roughly 1000 atoms. The essential novelty in this so-called GFN2-xTB method is the inclusion of anisotropic second order density fluctuation effects via short-range damped interactions of cumulative atomic multipole moments. Without noticeable increase in the computational demands, this results in a less empirical and overall more physically sound method, which does not require any classical halogen or hydrogen bonding corrections and which relies solely on global and element-specific parameters (available up to radon, Z = 86). Moreover, the atomic partial charge dependent D4 London dispersion model is incorporated self-consistently, which can be naturally obtained in a tight-binding picture from second order density fluctuations. Fully analytical and numerically precise gradients (nuclear forces) are implemented. The accuracy of the method is benchmarked for a wide variety of systems and compared with other semiempirical methods. Along with excellent performance for the "target" properties, we also find lower errors for "off-target" properties such as barrier heights and molecular dipole moments. High computational efficiency along with the improved physics compared to its precursor GFN-xTB makes this method well-suited to explore the conformational space of molecular systems. Significant improvements are furthermore observed for various benchmark sets, which are prototypical for biomolecular systems in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry , Universität Bonn , Beringstr. 4 , 53115 Bonn , Germany.,Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Sebastian Ehlert
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry , Universität Bonn , Beringstr. 4 , 53115 Bonn , Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry , Universität Bonn , Beringstr. 4 , 53115 Bonn , Germany
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24
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Seibert J, Pisarek J, Schmitz S, Bannwarth C, Grimme S. Extension of the element parameter set for ultra-fast excitation spectra calculation (sTDA-xTB). Mol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1510141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Seibert
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jana Pisarek
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sarah Schmitz
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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25
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Abstract
A new model, termed D4, for the efficient computation of molecular dipole-dipole dispersion coefficients is presented. As in the related, well established D3 scheme, these are obtained as a sum of atom-in-molecule dispersion coefficients over atom pairs. Both models make use of dynamic polarizabilities obtained from first-principles time-dependent density functional theory calculations for atoms in different chemical environments employing fractional atomic coordination numbers for interpolation. Different from the D3 model, the coefficients are obtained on-the-fly by numerical Casimir-Polder integration of the dynamic, atomic polarizabilities α(iω). Most importantly, electronic density information is now incorporated via atomic partial charges computed at a semi-empirical quantum mechanical tight-binding level, which is used to scale the polarizabilities. Extended statistical measures show that errors for dispersion coefficients with the proposed D4 method are significantly lower than with D3 and other, computationally more involved schemes. Alongside, accurate isotropic charge and hybridization dependent, atom-in-molecule static polarizabilities are obtained with an unprecedented efficiency. Damping function parameters are provided for three standard density functionals, i.e., TPSS, PBE0, and B3LYP, allowing evaluation of the new DFT-D4 model for common non-covalent interaction energy benchmark sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike Caldeweyher
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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26
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Brandenburg JG, Bannwarth C, Hansen A, Grimme S. B97-3c: A revised low-cost variant of the B97-D density functional method. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:064104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5012601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Gerit Brandenburg
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
- Thomas Young Centre, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Grimme S, Bannwarth C, Caldeweyher E, Pisarek J, Hansen A. A general intermolecular force field based on tight-binding quantum chemical calculations. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:161708. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4991798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn,
Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn,
Germany
| | - Eike Caldeweyher
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn,
Germany
| | - Jana Pisarek
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn,
Germany
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn,
Germany
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28
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Grimme S, Bannwarth C, Dohm S, Hansen A, Pisarek J, Pracht P, Seibert J, Neese F. Vollautomatisierte quantenchemische Berechnung von Spin-Spin- gekoppelten magnetischen Kernspinresonanzspektren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201708266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Sebastian Dohm
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Jana Pisarek
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Philipp Pracht
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Jakob Seibert
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion; Stiftstraße 32-34 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr Deutschland
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29
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Grimme S, Bannwarth C, Dohm S, Hansen A, Pisarek J, Pracht P, Seibert J, Neese F. Fully Automated Quantum-Chemistry-Based Computation of Spin-Spin-Coupled Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectra. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14763-14769. [PMID: 28906074 PMCID: PMC5698732 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We present a composite procedure for the quantum‐chemical computation of spin–spin‐coupled 1H NMR spectra for general, flexible molecules in solution that is based on four main steps, namely conformer/rotamer ensemble (CRE) generation by the fast tight‐binding method GFN‐xTB and a newly developed search algorithm, computation of the relative free energies and NMR parameters, and solving the spin Hamiltonian. In this way the NMR‐specific nuclear permutation problem is solved, and the correct spin symmetries are obtained. Energies, shielding constants, and spin–spin couplings are computed at state‐of‐the‐art DFT levels with continuum solvation. A few (in)organic and transition‐metal complexes are presented, and very good, unprecedented agreement between the theoretical and experimental spectra was achieved. The approach is routinely applicable to systems with up to 100–150 atoms and may open new avenues for the detailed (conformational) structure elucidation of, for example, natural products or drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sebastian Dohm
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jana Pisarek
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philipp Pracht
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jakob Seibert
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstrasse 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 32-34, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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30
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Jarzebski A, Tenten C, Bannwarth C, Schnakenburg G, Grimme S, Lützen A. Diastereoselective Self-Assembly of a Neutral Dinuclear Double-Stranded Zinc(II) Helicate via Narcissistic Self-Sorting. Chemistry 2017. [PMID: 28650081 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A new bis(salicylimine) ligand based on the Tröger's base scaffold was synthesized in racemic and enantiomerically pure form. Upon coordination to zinc(II) ions this ligand undergoes highly diastereoselective self-assembly into neutral dinuclear double-stranded helicates as proven by XRD analysis and via comparison of experimental ECD spectra with those simulated with quantum-chemical methods. When the racemic ligand was used, self-assembly occurs under narcissistic self-sorting resulting in the formation of a racemic pair of helicates as revealed by NMR spectroscopy and XRD analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Jarzebski
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Tenten
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121, Bonn, Germany
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31
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Seibert J, Bannwarth C, Grimme S. Biomolecular Structure Information from High-Speed Quantum Mechanical Electronic Spectra Calculation. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:11682-11685. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Seibert
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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32
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Strelnik ID, Musina EI, Ignatieva SN, Balueva AS, Gerasimova TP, Katsyuba SA, Krivolapov DB, Dobrynin AB, Bannwarth C, Grimme S, Kolesnikov IE, Karasik AA, Sinyashin OG. Pyridyl Containing 1,5-Diaza-3,7-diphosphacyclooctanes as Bridging Ligands for Dinuclear Copper(I) Complexes. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201700049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor D. Strelnik
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry of Kazan Scientific; Center of Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Elvira I. Musina
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry of Kazan Scientific; Center of Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Svetlana N. Ignatieva
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry of Kazan Scientific; Center of Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Anna S. Balueva
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry of Kazan Scientific; Center of Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Tatiana P. Gerasimova
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry of Kazan Scientific; Center of Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Sergey A. Katsyuba
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry of Kazan Scientific; Center of Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Dmitry B. Krivolapov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry of Kazan Scientific; Center of Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Alexey B. Dobrynin
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry of Kazan Scientific; Center of Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn; Beringstr. 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn; Beringstr. 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | | | - Andrey A. Karasik
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry of Kazan Scientific; Center of Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
| | - Oleg G. Sinyashin
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry of Kazan Scientific; Center of Russian Academy of Sciences; Arbuzov str. 8 420088 Kazan Russia
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33
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Grimme S, Bannwarth C, Shushkov P. A Robust and Accurate Tight-Binding Quantum Chemical Method for Structures, Vibrational Frequencies, and Noncovalent Interactions of Large Molecular Systems Parametrized for All spd-Block Elements (Z = 1–86). J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:1989-2009. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 702] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Philip Shushkov
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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34
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Struch N, Bannwarth C, Ronson TK, Lorenz Y, Mienert B, Wagner N, Engeser M, Bill E, Puttreddy R, Rissanen K, Beck J, Grimme S, Nitschke JR, Lützen A. Frontispiece: An Octanuclear Metallosupramolecular Cage Designed To Exhibit Spin-Crossover Behavior. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201781861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Struch
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Beringstrasse 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Yvonne Lorenz
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Bernd Mienert
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion; Stiftstrasse 34-36 45470 Mülheim a. d. Ruhr Germany
| | - Norbert Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Marianne Engeser
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion; Stiftstrasse 34-36 45470 Mülheim a. d. Ruhr Germany
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- University of Jyvaskyla; Department of Chemistry; Nanoscience Center; P.O. Box 34 40014 Jyvaskyla Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- University of Jyvaskyla; Department of Chemistry; Nanoscience Center; P.O. Box 34 40014 Jyvaskyla Finland
| | - Johannes Beck
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Beringstrasse 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
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35
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Struch N, Bannwarth C, Ronson TK, Lorenz Y, Mienert B, Wagner N, Engeser M, Bill E, Puttreddy R, Rissanen K, Beck J, Grimme S, Nitschke JR, Lützen A. An Octanuclear Metallosupramolecular Cage Designed To Exhibit Spin-Crossover Behavior. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4930-4935. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Struch
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Beringstrasse 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Yvonne Lorenz
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Bernd Mienert
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion; Stiftstrasse 34-36 45470 Mülheim a. d. Ruhr Germany
| | - Norbert Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Marianne Engeser
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion; Stiftstrasse 34-36 45470 Mülheim a. d. Ruhr Germany
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- University of Jyvaskyla; Department of Chemistry; Nanoscience Center; P.O. Box 34 40014 Jyvaskyla Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- University of Jyvaskyla; Department of Chemistry; Nanoscience Center; P.O. Box 34 40014 Jyvaskyla Finland
| | - Johannes Beck
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Beringstrasse 4 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Strasse 1 53121 Bonn Germany
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36
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Struch N, Bannwarth C, Ronson TK, Lorenz Y, Mienert B, Wagner N, Engeser M, Bill E, Puttreddy R, Rissanen K, Beck J, Grimme S, Nitschke JR, Lützen A. Ein achtkerniger metallosupramolekularer Würfel mit Spin-Crossover-Eigenschaften. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201700832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Struch
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Tanya K. Ronson
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW Großbritannien
| | - Yvonne Lorenz
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Bernd Mienert
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion; Stiftstraße 34-36 45470 Mülheim a. d. Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Norbert Wagner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Marianne Engeser
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion; Stiftstraße 34-36 45470 Mülheim a. d. Ruhr Deutschland
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- University of Jyvaskyla; Department of Chemistry; Nanoscience Center; P.O. Box 34 40014 Jyvaskyla Finnland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- University of Jyvaskyla; Department of Chemistry; Nanoscience Center; P.O. Box 34 40014 Jyvaskyla Finnland
| | - Johannes Beck
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Beringstraße 4 53115 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Jonathan R. Nitschke
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cambridge; Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW Großbritannien
| | - Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn; Gerhard-Domagk-Straße 1 53121 Bonn Deutschland
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37
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Burganov TI, Zhukova NA, Mamedov VA, Bannwarth C, Grimme S, Katsyuba SA. Benzimidazolylquinoxalines: novel fluorophores with tuneable sensitivity to solvent effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:6095-6104. [PMID: 28191569 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp06658e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We report on the photophysical properties, conjugation, conformational behavior, intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds (HBs) of a series of novel fluorophores, consisting of 3-arylquinoxaline and benzimidazole moieties linked by a single CC bond. Computations employing density functional theory (DFT) reveal that conjugation between these moieties stabilizes syn-conformers with two HB centers located on the same side of the molecule. Anti-conformers form stronger intermolecular HBs with DMSO and DMF than syn-conformers, and this influences the energy gap between syn- and anti-forms, especially upon excitation of the molecules to the S1 state. Substituents introduced in various positions of the molecules modify their conformational behavior, and mutual disposition of excited singlet states relative to the ground states. Various substitution patterns produce very different effects on relative quantum yield of luminescence: from a moderate increase in polar DMSO and DMF relative to 1,2-dichloroethane solutions to complete quenching of emission which is observable in polar media. The observed behavior is understood with the aid of DFT and time-dependent DFT calculations. The tuneability of the spectroscopic range of the luminescence and especially of its sensitivity to environmental effects allows rational design of the novel fluorophores of this family for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur I Burganov
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Nataliya A Zhukova
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Vakhid A Mamedov
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Sergey A Katsyuba
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia.
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38
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Ratzke W, Schmitt L, Matsuoka H, Bannwarth C, Retegan M, Bange S, Klemm P, Neese F, Grimme S, Schiemann O, Lupton JM, Höger S. Effect of Conjugation Pathway in Metal-Free Room-Temperature Dual Singlet-Triplet Emitters for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. J Phys Chem Lett 2016; 7:4802-4808. [PMID: 27788014 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b01907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free dual singlet-triplet organic light-emitting diode (OLED) emitters can provide direct insight into spin statistics, spin correlations and spin relaxation phenomena, through a comparison of fluorescence to phosphorescence intensity. Remarkably, such materials can also function at room temperature, exhibiting phosphorescence lifetimes of several milliseconds. Using electroluminescence, quantum chemistry, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, we investigate the effect of the conjugation pathway on radiative and nonradiative relaxation of the triplet state in phenazine-based compounds and demonstrate that the contribution of the phenazine nπ* excited state is crucial to enabling phosphorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfram Ratzke
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Schmitt
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, University of Bonn , Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Hideto Matsuoka
- Institute für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, University of Bonn , Wegelerstr. 12, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn , Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marius Retegan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion , Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Sebastian Bange
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Philippe Klemm
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Frank Neese
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion , Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn , Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Olav Schiemann
- Institute für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, University of Bonn , Wegelerstr. 12, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - John M Lupton
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Universität Regensburg , Universitätsstr. 31, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sigurd Höger
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, University of Bonn , Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany
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39
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Grimme S, Bannwarth C. Ultra-fast computation of electronic spectra for large systems by tight-binding based simplified Tamm-Dancoff approximation (sTDA-xTB). J Chem Phys 2016; 145:054103. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4959605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Masnyk M, Butkiewicz A, Górecki M, Luboradzki R, Bannwarth C, Grimme S, Frelek J. Synthesis and Comprehensive Structural and Chiroptical Characterization of Enones Derived from (−)-α-Santonin by Experiment and Theory. J Org Chem 2016; 81:4588-600. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marek Masnyk
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Butkiewicz
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Górecki
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roman Luboradzki
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical and Theoretical
Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Physical and Theoretical
Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jadwiga Frelek
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
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42
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Bannwarth C, Seibert J, Grimme S. Electronic Circular Dichroism of [16]Helicene With Simplified TD-DFT: Beyond the Single Structure Approach. Chirality 2016; 28:365-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.22594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Jakob Seibert
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn; Bonn Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry; Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn; Bonn Germany
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43
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Frömel S, Daniliuc CG, Bannwarth C, Grimme S, Bussmann K, Kehr G, Erker G. Indirect synthesis of a pair of formal methane activation products at a phosphane/borane frustrated Lewis pair. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:19230-19233. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04206f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The endergonic formal FLP methane activation products were obtained by an indirect stepwise synthesis and shown to be kinetically stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Frömel
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | | | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Bonn
- D-53115 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie
- Universität Bonn
- D-53115 Bonn
- Germany
| | - Kathrin Bussmann
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Gerhard Erker
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut
- Universität Münster
- 48149 Münster
- Germany
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44
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Grimme S, Brandenburg JG, Bannwarth C, Hansen A. Consistent structures and interactions by density functional theory with small atomic orbital basis sets. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:054107. [PMID: 26254642 DOI: 10.1063/1.4927476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 505] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A density functional theory (DFT) based composite electronic structure approach is proposed to efficiently compute structures and interaction energies in large chemical systems. It is based on the well-known and numerically robust Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhoff (PBE) generalized-gradient-approximation in a modified global hybrid functional with a relatively large amount of non-local Fock-exchange. The orbitals are expanded in Ahlrichs-type valence-double zeta atomic orbital (AO) Gaussian basis sets, which are available for many elements. In order to correct for the basis set superposition error (BSSE) and to account for the important long-range London dispersion effects, our well-established atom-pairwise potentials are used. In the design of the new method, particular attention has been paid to an accurate description of structural parameters in various covalent and non-covalent bonding situations as well as in periodic systems. Together with the recently proposed three-fold corrected (3c) Hartree-Fock method, the new composite scheme (termed PBEh-3c) represents the next member in a hierarchy of "low-cost" electronic structure approaches. They are mainly free of BSSE and account for most interactions in a physically sound and asymptotically correct manner. PBEh-3c yields good results for thermochemical properties in the huge GMTKN30 energy database. Furthermore, the method shows excellent performance for non-covalent interaction energies in small and large complexes. For evaluating its performance on equilibrium structures, a new compilation of standard test sets is suggested. These consist of small (light) molecules, partially flexible, medium-sized organic molecules, molecules comprising heavy main group elements, larger systems with long bonds, 3d-transition metal systems, non-covalently bound complexes (S22 and S66×8 sets), and peptide conformations. For these sets, overall deviations from accurate reference data are smaller than for various other tested DFT methods and reach that of triple-zeta AO basis set second-order perturbation theory (MP2/TZ) level at a tiny fraction of computational effort. Periodic calculations conducted for molecular crystals to test structures (including cell volumes) and sublimation enthalpies indicate very good accuracy competitive to computationally more involved plane-wave based calculations. PBEh-3c can be applied routinely to several hundreds of atoms on a single processor and it is suggested as a robust "high-speed" computational tool in theoretical chemistry and physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jan Gerit Brandenburg
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Hansen
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms Universität Bonn, Beringstraße 4, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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45
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Musina EI, Shamsieva AV, Strelnik ID, Gerasimova TP, Krivolapov DB, Kolesnikov IE, Grachova EV, Tunik SP, Bannwarth C, Grimme S, Katsyuba SA, Karasik AA, Sinyashin OG. Synthesis of novel pyridyl containing phospholanes and their polynuclear luminescent copper(i) complexes. Dalton Trans 2015; 45:2250-60. [PMID: 26621131 DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03346b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel type of cyclic P,N-ligands, pyridyl containing phospholanes, has been synthesized in a moderate yield by the reaction of primary phosphines with 1,4-dichlorobutane in a superbasic medium. A series of homo tetranuclear octahedral Cu4I4L2, dinuclear tetrahedral Cu2I2L3, and dinuclear "head-to-tail" Cu2I2L2 luminescent complexes with these ligands were obtained. All the compounds were characterized using a range of spectroscopic and computational techniques, and in the case of some Cu4I4L2 and Cu2I2L3 complexes, by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The structural diversity of the obtained complexes was reflected in their photophysical properties: phosphorescence spectra of the compounds display emission in broad spectral range of 471-615 nm. TD-DFT computations allow the assignment of a single emission band around 550 nm for Cu2I2L3 complexes and 471 nm for Cu2I2L2 complex to a vertical triplet-singlet transition from a metal-to-ligand and halide-to-ligand charge-transfer (3)(M + X)LCT excited state, whereas a second band at around 600 nm in the spectra of octahedral Cu4I4L2 complexes was assigned predominantly to Cu4I4 cluster-centered ((3)CC) excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Musina
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Kazan Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str. 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia.
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Chen GQ, Türkyilmaz F, Daniliuc CG, Bannwarth C, Grimme S, Kehr G, Erker G. Enamine/butadienylborane cycloaddition in the frustrated Lewis pair regime. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:10477-86. [PMID: 26330093 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01602a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The dienylborane 2a was prepared by regioselective alkyne hydroboration of the conjugated enyne 1a with Piers' borane [HB(C6F5)2]. Its reaction with a series of acetophenone derived enamines 3 resulted in the formation of the strong enamine β-carbon adduct with the borane Lewis acid (4). In contrast B-C adduct formation between the dienylborane 2a and a series of much more bulky cyclohexanone derived enamines (6) is rapidly reversible above ca.-30 °C and then leads to the formation of the [4 + 2]cycloaddition products 8. A DFT study revealed that this reaction is probably taking a stepwise route, proceeding by means of enamine addition to the dienylborane terminus to generate a zwitterionic borata-alkene/iminium ion intermediate that undergoes rapid subsequent ring closure. Heating of the products 8 led to amidoborane elimination from the vicinal amino/borane pair at the product framework to give the respective hexahydronaphthalene product 10. Subsequent treatment with TEMPO (2 equiv.) resulted in selective oxidation of the unsaturated ring to give the respective tetrahydronaphthalene derivative 12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Chen
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Münster, Corrensstraβe 40, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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47
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Lützen A, Jarzebski A, Bannwarth C, Tenten C, Benkhäuser C, Schnakenburg G, Grimme S. Synthesis, Chiral Resolution, and Absolute Configuration of Functionalized Tröger’s Base Derivatives: Part III. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1560181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arne Lützen
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
| | - Andreas Jarzebski
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
| | - Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
| | - Christina Tenten
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
| | - Christian Benkhäuser
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
| | - Gregor Schnakenburg
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische Chemie und Theoretische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
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Yu J, Kehr G, Daniliuc CG, Bannwarth C, Grimme S, Erker G. Direct synthesis of a geminal zwitterionic phosphonium/hydridoborate system--developing an alternative tool for generating frustrated Lewis pair hydrogen activation systems. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:5783-92. [PMID: 25906412 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00634a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A convenient way to a new class of geminal Mes2PH(+)/B(C6F5)2H(-) pairs is presented. It utilizes triflic acid addition to trans-Mes2PCH=CHB(C6F5)2 followed by triflate/hydride exchange. Thermally induced ring-closure gave a phosphonium/boratacyclopropane zwitterion 8 which formed the Mes2PH(CHMe)B(C6F5)2H P/B FLP-H2 product 10 by subsequent treatment with triflic acid and a silane, or alternatively with dihydrogen at 90 °C. The product 10 is an active catalyst for the hydrogenation of a variety of unsaturated organic substrates, including a quinoline derivative. Treatment of compound 8 with HB(C6F5)2 gave a bifunctional borane 14 which selectively reduced carbon monoxide to the formyl stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Yu
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster Correnstraβe 40, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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49
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Bannwarth C, Grimme S. Electronic Circular Dichroism of Highly Conjugated π-Systems: Breakdown of the Tamm–Dancoff/Configuration Interaction Singles Approximation. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:3653-62. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b01680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Bannwarth
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken
Center for Theoretical
Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie der Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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50
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