1
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Hedberg SHM, Brown LG, Meghdadi A, Williams DR. Improved adsorption reactions, kinetics and stability for model and therapeutic proteins immobilised on affinity resins. ADSORPTION 2019; 25:1177-1190. [PMID: 31435138 PMCID: PMC6683242 DOI: 10.1007/s10450-019-00106-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Protein adsorption on solid state media is important for the industrial affinity chromatography of biotherapeutics and for preparing materials for self-interaction chromatography where fundamental protein solution thermodynamic properties are measured. The adsorption of three model proteins (lysozyme, catalase and BSA) and two antibodies (a monoclonal and a polyclonal antibody) have been investigated on commercial affinity chromatography media with different surface functionalities (Formyl, Tresyl and Amino). Both the extent of protein immobilised (mg protein/ml media) and the reaction kinetics are reported for a range of reaction conditions, including pH, differing buffers as well as the presence of secondary reactants (glutaraldehyde, sodium cyanoborohydride, EDC and NHS). Compared to the reaction conditions recommended by manufacturers as well as those reported in previous published work, significant increases in the extent of protein immobilisation and reaction kinetics are reported here. The addition of glutaraldehyde or sodium cyanoborohydride was found to be especially effective even when not directly needed for the adsorption to happen. For mAb and pIgG, immobilisation levels of 50 and 31 mg of protein/ml of resin respectively were achieved, which are 100% or more than previously reported. Enhanced levels were achieved for lysozyme of 120 mg/ml with very rapid reaction kinetics (< 1 h) with sodium cyanoborohydride. It can be concluded that specific chromatography resins with Tresyl activated support offered enhanced levels of protein immobilisation due to their ability to react to form amine or thio-ether linkages with proteins. Additionally, glutaraldehyde can result in higher immobilisation levels whilst it can also accelerate immobilisation reaction kinetics. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- S. H. M. Hedberg
- Surfaces and Particle Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - L. G. Brown
- Surfaces and Particle Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A. Meghdadi
- Surfaces and Particle Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Present Address: Bioengineering Research Group, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton, England, UK
| | - D. R. Williams
- Surfaces and Particle Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
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2
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Dai X, Böker A, Glebe U. Broadening the scope of sortagging. RSC Adv 2019; 9:4700-4721. [PMID: 35514663 PMCID: PMC9060782 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06705h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Sortases are enzymes occurring in the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria. Sortase A (SrtA), the best studied sortase class, plays a key role in anchoring surface proteins with the recognition sequence LPXTG covalently to oligoglycine units of the bacterial cell wall. This unique transpeptidase activity renders SrtA attractive for various purposes and motivated researchers to study multiple in vivo and in vitro ligations in the last decades. This ligation technique is known as sortase-mediated ligation (SML) or sortagging and developed to a frequently used method in basic research. The advantages are manifold: extremely high substrate specificity, simple access to substrates and enzyme, robust nature and easy handling of sortase A. In addition to the ligation of two proteins or peptides, early studies already included at least one artificial (peptide equipped) substrate into sortagging reactions - which demonstrates the versatility and broad applicability of SML. Thus, SML is not only a biology-related technique, but has found prominence as a major interdisciplinary research tool. In this review, we provide an overview about the use of sortase A in interdisciplinary research, mainly for protein modification, synthesis of protein-polymer conjugates and immobilization of proteins on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Dai
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Polymermaterialien und Polymertechnologie, Universität Potsdam 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Alexander Böker
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
- Lehrstuhl für Polymermaterialien und Polymertechnologie, Universität Potsdam 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Ulrich Glebe
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research IAP Geiselbergstr. 69 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
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3
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de Marco A. Nanomaterial bio-activation and macromolecules functionalization: The search for reliable protocols. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 147:49-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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4
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5
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Besmer MD, Sigrist JA, Props R, Buysschaert B, Mao G, Boon N, Hammes F. Laboratory-Scale Simulation and Real-Time Tracking of a Microbial Contamination Event and Subsequent Shock-Chlorination in Drinking Water. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1900. [PMID: 29085343 PMCID: PMC5649192 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid contamination of drinking water in distribution and storage systems can occur due to pressure drop, backflow, cross-connections, accidents, and bio-terrorism. Small volumes of a concentrated contaminant (e.g., wastewater) can contaminate large volumes of water in a very short time with potentially severe negative health impacts. The technical limitations of conventional, cultivation-based microbial detection methods neither allow for timely detection of such contaminations, nor for the real-time monitoring of subsequent emergency remediation measures (e.g., shock-chlorination). Here we applied a newly developed continuous, ultra high-frequency flow cytometry approach to track a rapid pollution event and subsequent disinfection of drinking water in an 80-min laboratory scale simulation. We quantified total (TCC) and intact (ICC) cell concentrations as well as flow cytometric fingerprints in parallel in real-time with two different staining methods. The ingress of wastewater was detectable almost immediately (i.e., after 0.6% volume change), significantly changing TCC, ICC, and the flow cytometric fingerprint. Shock chlorination was rapid and detected in real time, causing membrane damage in the vast majority of bacteria (i.e., drop of ICC from more than 380 cells μl-1 to less than 30 cells μl-1 within 4 min). Both of these effects as well as the final wash-in of fresh tap water followed calculated predictions well. Detailed and highly quantitative tracking of microbial dynamics at very short time scales and for different characteristics (e.g., concentration, membrane integrity) is feasible. This opens up multiple possibilities for targeted investigation of a myriad of bacterial short-term dynamics (e.g., disinfection, growth, detachment, operational changes) both in laboratory-scale research and full-scale system investigations in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Besmer
- Drinking Water Microbiology Group, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jürg A Sigrist
- Drinking Water Microbiology Group, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Ruben Props
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Guannan Mao
- Drinking Water Microbiology Group, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.,Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frederik Hammes
- Drinking Water Microbiology Group, Department of Environmental Microbiology, Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
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6
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Antos JM, Ingram J, Fang T, Pishesha N, Truttmann MC, Ploegh HL. Site-Specific Protein Labeling via Sortase-Mediated Transpeptidation. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN PROTEIN SCIENCE 2017; 89:15.3.1-15.3.19. [PMID: 28762490 PMCID: PMC5810355 DOI: 10.1002/cpps.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Strategies for site-specific protein modification are highly desirable for the construction of conjugates containing non-genetically-encoded functional groups. Ideally, these strategies should proceed under mild conditions, and be compatible with a wide range of protein targets and non-natural moieties. The transpeptidation reaction catalyzed by bacterial sortases is a prominent strategy for protein derivatization that possesses these features. Naturally occurring or engineered variants of sortase A from Staphylococcus aureus catalyze a ligation reaction between a five-amino-acid substrate motif (LPXTG) and oligoglycine nucleophiles. By pairing proteins and synthetic peptides that possess these ligation handles, it is possible to install modifications onto the protein N- or C-terminus in site-specific fashion. As described in this unit, the successful implementation of sortase-mediated labeling involves straightforward solid-phase synthesis and molecular biology techniques, and this method is compatible with proteins in solution or on the surface of live cells. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Antos
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington
| | - Jessica Ingram
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tao Fang
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Novalia Pishesha
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Matthias C Truttmann
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hidde L Ploegh
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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7
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Puorger C, Di Girolamo S, Lipps G. Elucidation of the Recognition Sequence of Sortase B from Bacillus anthracis by Using a Newly Developed Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry-Based Method. Biochemistry 2017; 56:2641-2650. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chasper Puorger
- Institute for Chemistry and
Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Gründenstrasse
40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Di Girolamo
- Institute for Chemistry and
Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Gründenstrasse
40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Georg Lipps
- Institute for Chemistry and
Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Gründenstrasse
40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
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8
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Efficient extracellular expression of transpeptidase sortase A in Pichia pastoris. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 133:132-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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9
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Wang HH, Altun B, Nwe K, Tsourkas A. Proximity-Based Sortase-Mediated Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hejia Henry Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics; Perelman School of Medicine; University of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Burcin Altun
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Pennsylvania; 210 S. 33rd Street, 240 Skirkanich Hall Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Kido Nwe
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Pennsylvania; 210 S. 33rd Street, 240 Skirkanich Hall Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Andrew Tsourkas
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Pennsylvania; 210 S. 33rd Street, 240 Skirkanich Hall Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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10
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Wang HH, Altun B, Nwe K, Tsourkas A. Proximity-Based Sortase-Mediated Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:5349-5352. [PMID: 28374553 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Protein bioconjugation has been a crucial tool for studying biological processes and developing therapeutics. Sortase A (SrtA), a bacterial transpeptidase, has become widely used for its ability to site-specifically label proteins with diverse functional moieties, but a significant limitation is its poor reaction kinetics. In this work, we address this by developing proximity-based sortase-mediated ligation (PBSL), which improves the ligation efficiency to over 95 % by linking the target protein to SrtA using the SpyTag-SpyCatcher peptide-protein pair. By expressing the target protein with SpyTag C-terminal to the SrtA recognition motif, it can be covalently captured by an immobilized SpyCatcher-SrtA fusion protein during purification. Following the ligation reaction, SpyTag is cleaved off, rendering PBSL traceless, and only the labeled protein is released, simplifying target protein purification and labeling to a single step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejia Henry Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Burcin Altun
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S. 33rd Street, 240 Skirkanich Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kido Nwe
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S. 33rd Street, 240 Skirkanich Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Andrew Tsourkas
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S. 33rd Street, 240 Skirkanich Hall, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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11
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Meldal M, Schoffelen S. Recent advances in covalent, site-specific protein immobilization. F1000Res 2016; 5:F1000 Faculty Rev-2303. [PMID: 27785356 PMCID: PMC5022707 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.9002.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of biosensors, biomedical implants, and other materials based on immobilized proteins greatly depend on the method employed to couple the protein molecules to their solid support. Covalent, site-specific immobilization strategies are robust and can provide the level of control that is desired in this kind of application. Recent advances include the use of enzymes, such as sortase A, to couple proteins in a site-specific manner to materials such as microbeads, glass, and hydrogels. Also, self-labeling tags such as the SNAP-tag can be employed. Last but not least, chemical approaches based on bioorthogonal reactions, like the azide-alkyne cycloaddition, have proven to be powerful tools. The lack of comparative studies and quantitative analysis of these immobilization methods hampers the selection process of the optimal strategy for a given application. However, besides immobilization efficiency, the freedom in selecting the site of conjugation and the size of the conjugation tag and the researcher's expertise regarding molecular biology and/or chemical techniques will be determining factors in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Meldal
- Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sanne Schoffelen
- Center for Evolutionary Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry & Nano-Science Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Antos JM, Truttmann MC, Ploegh HL. Recent advances in sortase-catalyzed ligation methodology. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2016; 38:111-8. [PMID: 27318815 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2016.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The transpeptidation reaction catalyzed by bacterial sortases continues to see increasing use in the construction of novel protein derivatives. In addition to growth in the number of applications that rely on sortase, this field has also seen methodology improvements that enhance reaction performance and scope. In this opinion, we present an overview of key developments in the practice and implementation of sortase-based strategies, including applications relevant to structural biology. Topics include the use of engineered sortases to increase reaction rates, the use of redesigned acyl donors and acceptors to mitigate reaction reversibility, and strategies for expanding the range of substrates that are compatible with a sortase-based approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Antos
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, 516 High Street, Bellingham, WA 98229, USA.
| | - Matthias C Truttmann
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Hidde L Ploegh
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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13
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David Row R, Roark TJ, Philip MC, Perkins LL, Antos JM. Enhancing the efficiency of sortase-mediated ligations through nickel-peptide complex formation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:12548-51. [PMID: 26152789 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc04657b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A modified sortase A recognition motif containing a masked Ni(2+)-binding peptide was employed to boost the efficiency of sortase-catalyzed ligation reactions. Deactivation of the Ni(2+)-binding peptide using a Ni(2+) additive improved reaction performance at low to equimolar ratios of the glycine amine nucleophile and sortase substrate. The success of this approach was demonstrated with both peptide and protein substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- R David Row
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, 516 High Street, Bellingham, WA 98229, USA.
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14
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Walper SA, Turner KB, Medintz IL. Enzymatic bioconjugation of nanoparticles: developing specificity and control. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2015; 34:232-41. [PMID: 25955793 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are finding increasing roles in biotechnology for applications as contrast agents, probes, sensors, therapeutics and increasingly new value-added hybrid materials such as molecular logic devices. In most cases these materials must be conjugated to different types of biologicals such as proteins or DNA to accomplish this. However, most traditional methods of bioconjugation result in heterogeneous attachment and loss of activity. Bioorthogonal chemistries and in particular enzymatic labeling chemistries offer new strategies for catalyzing specific biomolecular attachment. We highlight current enzymatic labeling methods available for bioconjugating nanoparticles, some materials they have been used with, and how the resulting bioconjugates were applied. A discussion of the benefits and remaining issues associated with this type of bioconjugation chemistry and a brief perspective on how this field will develop is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Walper
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, S.W., Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Kendrick B Turner
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, S.W., Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Igor L Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, S.W., Washington, DC 20375, USA.
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15
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Bradshaw WJ, Davies AH, Chambers CJ, Roberts AK, Shone CC, Acharya KR. Molecular features of the sortase enzyme family. FEBS J 2015; 282:2097-114. [PMID: 25845800 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria possess complex and varying cell walls with many surface exposed proteins. Sortases are responsible for the covalent attachment of specific proteins to the peptidoglycan of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria. Sortase A of Staphylococcus aureus, which is seen as the archetypal sortase, has been shown to be essential for pathogenesis and has therefore received much attention as a potential target for novel therapeutics. Being widely present in Gram-positive bacteria, it is likely that other Gram-positive pathogens also require sortases for their pathogenesis. Sortases have also been shown to be of significant use in a range of industrial applications. We review current knowledge of the sortase family in terms of their structures, functions and mechanisms and summarize work towards their use as antibacterial targets and microbiological tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Bradshaw
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, UK.,Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | | | - Christopher J Chambers
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, UK.,Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | | | | | - K Ravi Acharya
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, UK
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16
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Faccio G, Senkalla S, Thöny-Meyer L, Richter M. Enzymatic multi-functionalization of microparticles under aqueous neutral conditions. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra00669d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic multi-functionalization of microparticles under aqueous neutral conditions using tyrosinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Faccio
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology – Laboratory for Biointerfaces
- 9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - S. Senkalla
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology – Laboratory for Biointerfaces
- 9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - L. Thöny-Meyer
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology – Laboratory for Biointerfaces
- 9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - M. Richter
- Empa
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology – Laboratory for Biointerfaces
- 9014 St. Gallen
- Switzerland
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17
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Antos JM, Ingram J, Fang T, Pishesha N, Truttmann MC, Ploegh HL. Site-specific protein labeling via sortase-mediated transpeptidation. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN PROTEIN SCIENCE 2009; Chapter 15:15.3.1-15.3.9. [PMID: 19365788 PMCID: PMC5551486 DOI: 10.1002/0471140864.ps1503s56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Creation of functional protein bioconjugates demands methods for attaching a diverse array of probes to target proteins with high specificity, under mild conditions. The sortase A transpeptidase enzyme from Staphylococcus aureus catalyzes the cleavage of a short 5-aa recognition sequence (LPXTG) with the concomitant formation of an amide linkage between an oligoglycine peptide and the target protein. By functionalizing the oligoglycine peptide, it is possible to incorporate reporters into target proteins in a site-specific fashion. This reaction is applicable to proteins in solution and on the living cell surface. The method described in this unit only requires incubation of the target protein, which has been engineered to contain a sortase recognition site either at the C terminus or within solvent-accessible loops, with a purified sortase enzyme and a suitably functionalized oligoglycine peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M. Antos
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225
| | - Jessica Ingram
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Tao Fang
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Novalia Pishesha
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142
| | - Matthias C. Truttmann
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Hidde L. Ploegh
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115
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