1
|
Liu J, Du YY, He YS, Liang Y, Liu SZ, Li YY, Cao YM. Parallel kinetic resolution of aziridines via chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed apparent hydrolytic ring-opening. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12152-12159. [PMID: 37969581 PMCID: PMC10631200 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03899h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We report a chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed apparent hydrolytic ring-opening reaction of racemic aziridines in a regiodivergent parallel kinetic resolution manner. Harnessing the acyloxy-assisted strategy, the highly stereocontrolled nucleophilic ring-opening of aziridines with water is achieved. Different kinds of aziridines are applicable in the process, giving a variety of enantioenriched aromatic or aliphatic amino alcohols with up to 99% yields and up to >99.5 : 0.5 enantiomeric ratio. Preliminary mechanistic study as well as product elaborations were inducted as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- College of Science & China Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Yi-Ying Du
- College of Science & China Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Yu-Shi He
- College of Science & China Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Yan Liang
- College of Science & China Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Shang-Zhong Liu
- College of Science & China Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Yi-Yi Li
- College of Science & China Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Yi-Ming Cao
- College of Science & China Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Pest Chemical Control, China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Edin ML, Zeldin DC. Regulation of cardiovascular biology by microsomal epoxide hydrolase. Toxicol Res 2021; 37:285-292. [PMID: 34295793 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-021-00088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsomal epoxide hydrolase/epoxide hydrolase 1 (mEH/EPHX1) works in conjunction with cytochromes P450 to metabolize a variety of compounds, including xenobiotics, pharmaceuticals and endogenous lipids. mEH has been most widely studied for its role in metabolism of xenobiotic and pharmaceutical compounds where it converts hydrophobic and reactive epoxides to hydrophilic diols that are more readily excreted. Inhibition or genetic disruption of mEH can be deleterious in the face of many industrial, environmental or pharmaceutical exposures and EPHX1 polymorphisms are associated with the development of exposure-related cancers. The role of mEH in endogenous epoxy-fatty acid (EpFA) metabolism has been less well studied. In vitro, mEH metabolizes most EpFAs at a far slower rate than soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and has thus been generally considered to exert a minor role in EpFA metabolism in vivo. Indeed, sEH inhibitors or sEH-deficiency increase EpFA levels and are protective in animal models of cardiovascular disease. Recently, however, mEH was found to have a previously unrecognized and substantial role in EpFA metabolism in vivo. While few studies have examined the role of mEH in cardiovascular homeostasis, there is now substantial evidence that mEH can regulate cardiovascular function through regulation of EpFA metabolism. The discovery of a prominent role for mEH in epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET) metabolism, in particular, suggests that additional studies on the role of mEH in cardiovascular biology are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L Edin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709 USA
| | - Darryl C Zeldin
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709 USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shimada T, Takenaka S, Murayama N, Kramlinger VM, Kim JH, Kim D, Liu J, Foroozesh MK, Yamazaki H, Guengerich FP, Komori M. Oxidation of pyrene, 1-hydroxypyrene, 1-nitropyrene and 1-acetylpyrene by human cytochrome P450 2A13. Xenobiotica 2015; 46:211-24. [PMID: 26247835 PMCID: PMC5270756 DOI: 10.3109/00498254.2015.1069419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
1. The polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pyrene, 1-hydroxypyrene, 1-nitropyrene and 1-acetylpyrene, were found to induce Type I binding spectra with human cytochrome P450 (P450) 2A13 and were converted to various mono- and di-oxygenated products by this enzyme. 2. Pyrene was first oxidized by P450 2A13 to 1-hydroxypyrene which was further oxidized to di-oxygenated products, i.e. 1,8- and 1,6-dihydroxypyrene. Of five other human P450s examined, P450 1B1 catalyzed pyrene oxidation to 1-hydroxypyrene at a similar rate to P450 2A13 but was less efficient in forming dihydroxypyrenes. P450 2A6, a related human P450 enzyme, which did not show any spectral changes with these four PAHs, showed lower activities in oxidation of these compounds than P450 2A13. 3. 1-Nitropyrene and 1-acetylpyrene were also found to be efficiently oxidized by P450 2A13 to several oxygenated products, based on mass spectrometry analysis. 4. Molecular docking analysis supported preferred orientations of pyrene and its derivatives in the active site of P450 2A13, with lower interaction energies (U values) than observed for P450 2A6 and that several amino acid residues (including Ala-301, Asn-297 and Ala-117) play important roles in directing the orientation of these PAHs in the P450 2A13 active site. In addition, Phe-231 and Gly-329 were found to interact with pyrene to orient this compound in the active site of P450 1B1. 5. These results suggest that P450 2A13 is one of the important enzymes that oxidizes these PAH compounds and may determine how these chemicals are detoxicated and bioactivated in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsutomu Shimada
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Orai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Shigeo Takenaka
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Orai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| | - Norie Murayama
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Valerie M. Kramlinger
- Department of Biochemistry and Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Joo-Hwan Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghak Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiawang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
| | - Maryam K. Foroozesh
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, United States
| | - Hiroshi Yamazaki
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - F. Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry and Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, United States
| | - Masayuki Komori
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Orai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka 598-8531, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
El-Sherbeni AA, El-Kadi AOS. The role of epoxide hydrolases in health and disease. Arch Toxicol 2014; 88:2013-32. [PMID: 25248500 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1371-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolases (EH) are ubiquitously expressed in all living organisms and in almost all organs and tissues. They are mainly subdivided into microsomal and soluble EH and catalyze the hydration of epoxides, three-membered-cyclic ethers, to their corresponding dihydrodiols. Owning to the high chemical reactivity of xenobiotic epoxides, microsomal EH is considered protective enzyme against mutagenic and carcinogenic initiation. Nevertheless, several endogenously produced epoxides of fatty acids function as important regulatory mediators. By mediating the formation of cytotoxic dihydrodiol fatty acids on the expense of cytoprotective epoxides of fatty acids, soluble EH is considered to have cytotoxic activity. Indeed, the attenuation of microsomal EH, achieved by chemical inhibitors or preexists due to specific genetic polymorphisms, is linked to the aggravation of the toxicity of xenobiotics, as well as the risk of cancer and inflammatory diseases, whereas soluble EH inhibition has been emerged as a promising intervention against several diseases, most importantly cardiovascular, lung and metabolic diseases. However, there is reportedly a significant overlap in substrate selectivity between microsomal and soluble EH. In addition, microsomal and soluble EH were found to have the same catalytic triad and identical molecular mechanism. Consequently, the physiological functions of microsomal and soluble EH are also overlapped. Thus, studying the biological effects of microsomal or soluble EH alterations needs to include the effects on both the metabolism of reactive metabolites, as well as epoxides of fatty acids. This review focuses on the multifaceted role of EH in the metabolism of xenobiotic and endogenous epoxides and the impact of EH modulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A El-Sherbeni
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2142J Katz Group-Rexall Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Koohang A, Bailey JL, Coates RM, Erickson HK, Owen D, Poulter CD. Enantioselective inhibition of squalene synthase by aziridine analogues of presqualene diphosphate. J Org Chem 2010; 75:4769-77. [PMID: 20545375 DOI: 10.1021/jo100718z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Squalene synthase catalyzes the conversion of two molecules of (E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate to squalene via the cyclopropylcarbinyl intermediate, presqualene diphosphate (PSPP). Since this novel reaction constitutes the first committed step in sterol biosynthesis, there has been considerable interest and research on the stereochemistry and mechanism of the process and in the design of selective inhibitors of the enzyme. This paper reports the synthesis and characterization of five racemic and two enantiopure aziridine analogues of PSPP and the evaluation of their potencies as inhibitors of recombinant yeast squalene synthase. The key aziridine-2-methanol intermediates (6-OH, 7-OH, and 8-OH) were obtained by N-alkylations or by an N-acylation-reduction sequence of (+/-)-, (2R,3S)-, and (2S,3R)-2,3-aziridinofarnesol (9-OH) protected as tert-butyldimethylsilyl ethers. S(N)2 displacements of the corresponding methanesulfonates with pyrophosphate and methanediphosphonate anions afforded aziridine 2-methyl diphosphates and methanediphosphonates bearing N-undecyl, N-bishomogeranyl, and N-(alpha-methylene)bishomogeranyl substituents as mimics for the 2,6,10-trimethylundeca-2,5,9-trienyl side chain of PSPP. The 2R,3S diphosphate enantiomer bearing the N-bishomogeranyl substituent corresponding in absolute stereochemistry to PSPP proved to be the most potent inhibitor (IC(50) 1.17 +/- 0.08 muM in the presence of inorganic pyrophosphate), a value 4-fold less than that of its 2S,3R stereoisomer. The other aziridine analogues bearing the N-(alpha-methylene)bishomogeranyl and N-undecyl substituents, and the related methanediphosphonates, exhibited lower affinities for recombinant squalene synthase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Koohang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Decker M, Arand M, Cronin A. Mammalian epoxide hydrolases in xenobiotic metabolism and signalling. Arch Toxicol 2009; 83:297-318. [PMID: 19340413 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-009-0416-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Accepted: 02/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Epoxide hydrolases catalyse the hydrolysis of electrophilic--and therefore potentially genotoxic--epoxides to the corresponding less reactive vicinal diols, which explains the classification of epoxide hydrolases as typical detoxifying enzymes. The best example is mammalian microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH)-an enzyme prone to detoxification-due to a high expression level in the liver, a broad substrate selectivity, as well as inducibility by foreign compounds. The mEH is capable of inactivating a large number of structurally different, highly reactive epoxides and hence is an important part of the enzymatic defence of our organism against adverse effects of foreign compounds. Furthermore, evidence is accumulating that mammalian epoxide hydrolases play physiological roles other than detoxification, particularly through involvement in signalling processes. This certainly holds true for soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) whose main function seems to be the turnover of lipid derived epoxides, which are signalling lipids with diverse functions in regulatory processes, such as control of blood pressure, inflammatory processes, cell proliferation and nociception. In recent years, the sEH has attracted attention as a promising target for pharmacological inhibition to treat hypertension and possibly other diseases. Recently, new hitherto uncharacterised epoxide hydrolases could be identified in mammals by genome analysis. The expression pattern and substrate selectivity of these new epoxide hydrolases suggests their participation in signalling processes rather than a role in detoxification. Taken together, epoxide hydrolases (1) play a central role in the detoxification of genotoxic epoxides and (2) have an important function in the regulation of physiological processes by the control of signalling molecules with an epoxide structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Decker
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, Winterthurer Str. 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Morisseau C, Newman JW, Wheelock CE, Hill III T, Morin D, Buckpitt AR, Hammock BD. Development of Metabolically Stable Inhibitors of Mammalian Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase. Chem Res Toxicol 2008; 21:951-7. [DOI: 10.1021/tx700446u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology, U. C. Cancer Center, and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - John W. Newman
- Department of Entomology, U. C. Cancer Center, and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Craig E. Wheelock
- Department of Entomology, U. C. Cancer Center, and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Thomas Hill III
- Department of Entomology, U. C. Cancer Center, and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Dexter Morin
- Department of Entomology, U. C. Cancer Center, and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Alan R. Buckpitt
- Department of Entomology, U. C. Cancer Center, and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Bruce D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology, U. C. Cancer Center, and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Akatsuka T, Kobayashi N, Ishikawa T, Saito T, Shindo M, Yamauchi M, Kurokohchi K, Miyazawa H, Duan H, Matsunaga T, Komoda T, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Autoantibody response to microsomal epoxide hydrolase in hepatitis C and A. J Autoimmun 2007; 28:7-18. [PMID: 17296285 PMCID: PMC1892246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2006.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2006] [Revised: 12/17/2006] [Accepted: 12/18/2006] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune responses were observed in a large proportion of hepatitis C cases and are suspected to be part of viral pathogenesis. The AN6520 antigen (AN-Ag) is a normal cellular protein mainly expressed in liver that was found associated with non-A, non-B hepatitis. To elucidate its pathogenic role in hepatitis C, we developed an IgM capture assay using purified AN-Ag and confirmed that the antibody response to AN-Ag is associated almost exclusively with hepatitis C cases (29%). Screening of a human liver expression library revealed that AN-Ag is mainly the microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH), a drug-metabolizing enzyme that plays an important role in the metabolism of some mutagenic and carcinogenic epoxides. Using the purified recombinant human mEH as an antigen, we now found that antibodies against this protein are associated with nearly 82% of hepatitis C virus infections and surprisingly with 46% of patients with hepatitis A. The appearance of AN-Ag/mEH in the incubation period of hepatitis C as previously reported and the antibody responses shown here indicate that this enzyme may be a marker for or even a cause of some of the pathology associated with hepatitis C and A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toshitaka Akatsuka
- Department of Microbiology, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-cho, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lee EY, Shuler ML. Molecular engineering of epoxide hydrolase and its application to asymmetric and enantioconvergent hydrolysis. Biotechnol Bioeng 2007; 98:318-27. [PMID: 17405175 DOI: 10.1002/bit.21444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Safety and regulatory issues favor increasing use of enantiopure compounds in pharmaceuticals. Enantiopure epoxides and diols are valuable intermediates in organic synthesis for the production of optically active pharmaceuticals. Enantiopure epoxide can be prepared using epoxide hydrolase (EH)-catalyzed asymmetric hydrolysis of its racemate. Enantioconvergent hydrolysis of racemic epoxides by EHs possessing complementary enantioselectivity and regioselectivity can lead to the formation of enantiopure vicinal diols with high yield. EHs are cofactor-independent and easy-to-use catalysts. EHs will attract much attention as commercial biocatalysts for the preparation of enantiopure epoxides and diols. In this paper, recent progress in molecular engineering of EHs is reviewed. Some examples and prospects of asymmetric and enantioconvergent hydrolysis reactions are discussed as supplements to molecular engineering to improve EH performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungsung University, Daeyeon-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 608-736, Republic of Korea.
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Organisms are exposed to epoxide-containing compounds from both exogenous and endogenous sources. In mammals, the hydration of these compounds by various epoxide hydrolases (EHs) can not only regulate their genotoxicity but also, for lipid-derived epoxides, their endogenous roles as chemical mediators. Recent findings suggest that the EHs as a family represent novel drug discovery targets for regulation of blood pressure, inflammation, cancer progression, and the onset of several other diseases. Knowledge of the EH mechanism provides a solid foundation for the rational design of inhibitors, and this review summarizes the current understanding of the catalytic mechanism of the EHs. Although the overall EH mechanism is now known, the molecular basis of substrate selectivity, possible allosteric regulation, and many fine details of the catalytic mechanism remain to be solved. Finally, recent development in the design of EH inhibitors and the EH biological role are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and U.C. Davis Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hosagrahara VP, Rettie AE, Hassett C, Omiecinski CJ. Functional analysis of human microsomal epoxide hydrolase genetic variants. Chem Biol Interact 2005; 150:149-59. [PMID: 15535985 PMCID: PMC4091877 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2004.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2004] [Revised: 07/30/2004] [Accepted: 07/30/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1) is active in the metabolism of many potentially carcinogenic or otherwise genotoxic epoxides, such as those derived from the oxidation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons. EPHX1 is polymorphic and encodes allelic variation at least two amino acid positions, Y113H and H139R. In a number of recent molecular epidemiological investigations, EPHX1 polymorphism has been suggested as a susceptibility factor for several human diseases. To better evaluate the functional contribution of EPHX1 genetic polymorphism, we characterized the enzymatic properties associated with each of the respective variant proteins. Enzymatic profiles were evaluated with cis-stilbene oxide (cSO) and benzo[a]pyrene-4,5-epoxide (BaPO), two prototypical substrates for the hydrolase. In one series of experiments, activities of recombinant EPHX1 proteins were analyzed subsequent to their expression using the pFastbac baculovirus vector in Spodoptera frugiperda-9 (Sf9) insect cells, and purification by column chromatography. In parallel studies, EPHX1 activities were evaluated with human liver microsomes derived from individuals of known EPHX1 genotype. Using the purified protein preparations, rates of cSO and BaPO hydrolysis for the reference protein, Y113/H139, were approximately 2-fold greater than those measured with the other EPHX1 allelic variants. However, when activities were analyzed using human liver microsomal fractions, no major differences were evident in the reaction rates generated among preparations representing the different EPHX1 alleles. Collectively, these results suggest that the structural differences encoded by the Y113H and H139R variant alleles exert only modest impact on EPHX1-specific enzymatic activities in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak P. Hosagrahara
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Allan E. Rettie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Christopher Hassett
- Center for Molecular Toxicology, 115 Henning, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Curtis J. Omiecinski
- Center for Molecular Toxicology, 115 Henning, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 814 8631625; fax.:+1 814 8636140. (C.J. Omiecinski)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Newman JW, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Epoxide hydrolases: their roles and interactions with lipid metabolism. Prog Lipid Res 2005; 44:1-51. [PMID: 15748653 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2004.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The epoxide hydrolases (EHs) are enzymes present in all living organisms, which transform epoxide containing lipids by the addition of water. In plants and animals, many of these lipid substrates have potent biologically activities, such as host defenses, control of development, regulation of inflammation and blood pressure. Thus the EHs have important and diverse biological roles with profound effects on the physiological state of the host organisms. Currently, seven distinct epoxide hydrolase sub-types are recognized in higher organisms. These include the plant soluble EHs, the mammalian soluble epoxide hydrolase, the hepoxilin hydrolase, leukotriene A4 hydrolase, the microsomal epoxide hydrolase, and the insect juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase. While our understanding of these enzymes has progressed at different rates, here we discuss the current state of knowledge for each of these enzymes, along with a distillation of our current understanding of their endogenous roles. By reviewing the entire enzyme class together, both commonalities and discrepancies in our understanding are highlighted and important directions for future research pertaining to these enzymes are indicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W Newman
- Department of Entomology, UCDavis Cancer Center, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Genzel Y, Archelas A, Broxterman Q, Schulze B, Furstoss R. Microbiological transformations 50: selection of epoxide hydrolases for enzymatic resolution of 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyloxirane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(01)00064-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
14
|
Cleij M, Archelas A, Furstoss R. Microbiological Transformations 43. Epoxide Hydrolases as Tools for the Synthesis of Enantiopure α-Methylstyrene Oxides: A New and Efficient Synthesis of (S)-Ibuprofen. J Org Chem 1999; 64:5029-5035. [DOI: 10.1021/jo982101+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
15
|
Abstract
A principal advance in the production of drug-metabolizing enzymes has been the development of catalytically self-sufficient cytochrome P450 systems, including additional P450-reductase fusion proteins and Escherichia coli and baculovirus coexpression constructs. Continuing work with glutathione transferases has resulted in the identification of important residues by random mutagenesis screening techniques, as well as in the engineering of model Salmonella typhimurium strains for genotoxicity analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F P Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tzeng HF, Laughlin LT, Lin S, Armstrong RN. The Catalytic Mechanism of Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase Involves Reversible Formation and Rate-Limiting Hydrolysis of the Alkyl−Enzyme Intermediate. J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja961826x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
17
|
J. Linderman R, A. Walker E, Haney C, Michael Roe R. Determination of the regiochemistry of insect epoxide hydrolase catalyzed epoxide hydration of juvenile hormone by 18O-labeling studies. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(95)00678-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
18
|
Bentley WE, Wang MY, Vakharia V. Development of an efficient bioprocess for poultry vaccines using high-density insect cell culture. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1994; 745:336-59. [PMID: 7832521 PMCID: PMC7167613 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb44387.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W E Bentley
- Center for Agricultural Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, College Park 20742
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Arand M, Grant DF, Beetham JK, Friedberg T, Oesch F, Hammock BD. Sequence similarity of mammalian epoxide hydrolases to the bacterial haloalkane dehalogenase and other related proteins. Implication for the potential catalytic mechanism of enzymatic epoxide hydrolysis. FEBS Lett 1994; 338:251-6. [PMID: 8307189 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(94)80278-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Direct comparison of the amino acid sequences of microsomal and soluble epoxide hydrolase superficially indicates that these enzymes are unrelated. Both proteins, however, share significant sequence similarity to a bacterial haloalkane dehalogenase that has earlier been shown to belong to the alpha/beta hydrolase fold family of enzymes. The catalytic mechanism for the dehalogenase has been elucidated in detail [Verschueren et al. (1993) Nature 363, 693-698] and proceeds via an ester intermediate where the substrate is covalently bound to the enzyme. From these observations we conclude (i) that microsomal and soluble epoxide hydrolase are distantly related enzymes that have evolved from a common ancestral protein together with the haloalkane dehalogenase and a variety of other proteins specified in the present paper, (ii) that these enzymes most likely belong to the alpha/beta hydrolase fold family of enzymes and (iii) that the enzymatic epoxide hydrolysis proceeds via a hydroxy ester intermediate, in contrast to the presently favoured base-catalyzed direct attack of the epoxide by an activated water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Arand
- Institute of Toxicology, University of Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|