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Reddy PG, Domb AJ. Polyanhydride Chemistry. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4959-4984. [PMID: 36417353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Polyanhydrides (PAs) are a class of synthetic biodegradable polymers employed as controlled drug delivery vehicles. They can be synthesized and scaled up from low-cost starting materials. The structure of PAs can be manipulated synthetically to meet desirable characteristics. PAs are biocompatible, biodegradable, and generate nontoxic metabolites upon degradation, which are easily eliminated from the body. The rate of water penetrating into the polyanhydride (PA) matrix is slower than the anhydride bond cleavage. This phenomenon sets PAs as "surface-eroding drug delivery carriers." Consequently, a variety of PA-based drug delivery carriers in the form of solid implants, pasty injectable formulations, microspheres, nanoparticles, etc. have been developed for the sustained release of small molecule drugs, and vaccines, peptide drugs, and nucleic acid-based active agents. The rate of drug delivery is often controlled by the polymer erosion rate, which is influenced by the polymer structure and composition, crystallinity, hydrophobicity, pH of the release medium, device size, configuration, etc. Owing to the above-mentioned interesting physicochemical and mechanical properties of PAs, the present review focuses on the advancements made in the domain of synthetic biodegradable biomedical PAs for therapeutic delivery applications. Various classes of PAs, their structures, their unique characteristics, their physicochemical and mechanical properties, and factors influencing surface erosion are discussed in detail. The review also summarizes various methods involved in the synthesis of PAs and their utility in the biomedical domain as drug, vaccine, and peptide delivery carriers in different formulations are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulikanti Guruprasad Reddy
- School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and Centre for Cannabis Research and the Institute of Drug Research, The Alex Grass Centre for Drug Design and Synthesis, Jerusalem 9112002, Israel
| | - Abraham J Domb
- School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and Centre for Cannabis Research and the Institute of Drug Research, The Alex Grass Centre for Drug Design and Synthesis, Jerusalem 9112002, Israel
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2
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Preparation and Characterization of Polyanhydride Terminated with Oleic Acid Extracted from Olive Mills Waste. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224799. [PMID: 36432924 PMCID: PMC9698653 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Valorizing the fatty content of agricultural waste in material synthesis is an interesting topic. This work focused on utilizing oleic acid from the solid waste of olive mills in Saudi Arabia to synthesize biodegradable polyanhydrides based on sebacic acid which terminated with different concentrations of fatty acid (10, 30, 50, and 70 wt%), then characterize the final polymer samples and study the effects of termination on polyanhydrides properties, such as molecular weight and degradation profile. The fatty content of the solid waste was extracted, purified, and analyzed prior to and after separating the saturated and unsaturated fractions by urea crystallization, then the microwave-assisted melt polycondensation technique was used in the synthesis of the final polymers. Molecular weights were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and the degradation profile of the prepared samples was examined by determining the weight loss percentage of the polymer mass and FT-IR scanning for the anhydride bond before and after sample degradation. Results showed a linear degradation profile for most samples with no significant change in the molecular weights due to termination.
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Li L, Maiti S, Thompson NA, Milligan IJ, Du W. Complete Depolymerization and Repolymerization of a Sugar Poly(orthoester). CHEMSUSCHEM 2017; 10:4829-4832. [PMID: 29120079 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The capability of a polymer to depolymerize, regenerating its original monomer for further polymerization, is very attractive in terms of sustainability. Recently discovered sugar poly(orthoesters) are an important class of glycopolymer. The high sensitivity of the backbone orthoester linkage toward acidolysis provides a valuable model to study the depolymerization. Herein, a sugar poly(orthoester) is shown to be completely depolymerized under acidic conditions. Interestingly, instead of the original monomer, the depolymerization gave a stable cyclic product (1,6-anhydro glucopyranose) in most cases, which was kinetically and thermodynamically favored. However, this pathway could be inhibited by chemically deactivating a key intermediate and thus favoring the formation of the original monomer. Efficient repolymerizaton of the regenerated monomer is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Science of Advanced Materials, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48858, USA
| | - Sampa Maiti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Science of Advanced Materials, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48858, USA
| | - Nicole A Thompson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Science of Advanced Materials, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48858, USA
| | - Ian J Milligan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Science of Advanced Materials, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48858, USA
| | - Wenjun Du
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Science of Advanced Materials, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, 48858, USA
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Haim-Zada M, Basu A, Hagigit T, Schlinger R, Grishko M, Kraminsky A, Hanuka E, Domb AJ. Stable polyanhydride synthesized from sebacic acid and ricinoleic acid. J Control Release 2016; 257:156-162. [PMID: 27126904 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Poly(anhydride) are unstable and prone to hydrolytic degradation and depolymerisation via anhydride interchange. They are stored at -20°C, packed under inert atmosphere until use. We synthesized a new poly(anhydride) from ricinoleic (RA) and sebacic (SA) acid with alternating ester-anhydride structure that is stable at 25°C for over 18months. The copolymer is also stable in chloroform solution and under γ-irradiation. The polymer hydrolyses through anhydride cleavage lasting ~7days to form oligoesters, which are stable for >30days. The release of gentamycin from the synthesized alternate polymer matrix is sustained compared to the random copolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Haim-Zada
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Drug Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Arijit Basu
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Drug Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tal Hagigit
- Dexcel Pharma Technologies Ltd, Or-Akiva, Israel
| | | | - Michael Grishko
- TAMI - Institute for Research & Development Ltd, Haifa Bay, Israel
| | | | - Ezra Hanuka
- TAMI - Institute for Research & Development Ltd, Haifa Bay, Israel
| | - Abraham J Domb
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Drug Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel.
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Dasgupta Q, Chatterjee K, Madras G. Physical insights into salicylic acid release from poly(anhydrides). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:2112-9. [PMID: 26689269 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp06858d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) based biodegradable polyanhydrides (PAHs) are of great interest for drug delivery in a variety of diseases and disorders owing to the multi-utility of SA. There is a need for the design of SA-based PAHs for tunable drug release, optimized for the treatment of different diseases. In this study, we devised a simple strategy for tuning the release properties and erosion kinetics of a family of PAHs. PAHs incorporating SA were derived from related aliphatic diacids, varying only in the chain length, and prepared by simple melt condensation polymerization. Upon hydrolysis induced erosion, the polymer degrades into cytocompatible products, including the incorporated bioactive SA and diacid. The degradation follows first order kinetics with the rate constant varying by nearly 25 times between the PAH obtained with adipic acid and that with dodecanedioic acid. The release profiles have been tailored from 100% to 50% SA release in 7 days across the different PAHs. The release rate constants of these semi-crystalline, surface eroding PAHs decreased almost linearly with an increase in the diacid chain length, and varied by nearly 40 times between adipic acid and dodecanedioic acid PAH. The degradation products with SA concentration in the range of 30-350 ppm were used to assess cytocompatibility and showed no cytotoxicity to HeLa cells. This particular strategy is expected to (a) enable synthesis of application specific PAHs with tunable erosion and release profiles; (b) encompass a large number of drugs that may be incorporated into the PAH matrix. Such a strategy can potentially be extended to the controlled release of other drugs that may be incorporated into the PAH backbone and has important implications for the rational design of drug eluting bioactive polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Queeny Dasgupta
- Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560012, India.
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Abstract
This review focusses on polyanhydrides, a fascinating class of degradable polymers that have been used in and investigated for many bio-related applications because of their degradability and capacity to undergo surface erosion. This latter phenomenon is driven by hydrolysis of the anhydride moieties at the surface and high hydrophobicity of the polymer such that degradation and mass loss (erosion) occur before water can penetrate deep within the bulk of the polymer. As such, when surface-eroding polymers are used as therapeutic delivery vehicles, the rate of delivery is often controlled by the rate of polymer erosion, providing predictable and controlled release rates that are often zero-order. These desirable attributes are heavily influenced by polymer composition and morphology, and therefore also monomer structure and polymerization method. This review examines approaches for polyanhydride synthesis, discusses their general thermomechanical properties, surveys their hydrolysis and degradation processes along with their biocompatibility, and looks at recent developments and uses of polyanhydrides in drug delivery, stimuli-responsive materials, and novel nanotechnologies.
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Kunduru KR, Basu A, Haim Zada M, Domb AJ. Castor Oil-Based Biodegradable Polyesters. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:2572-87. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Konda Reddy Kunduru
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Natural Products, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Arijit Basu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Natural Products, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Moran Haim Zada
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Natural Products, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Abraham J. Domb
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
and Natural Products, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy,
Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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Natarajan J, Rattan S, Singh U, Madras G, Chatterjee K. Polyanhydrides of Castor Oil–Sebacic Acid for Controlled Release Applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie500679u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Janeni Natarajan
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Shruti Rattan
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Utkarsh Singh
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Giridhar Madras
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
| | - Kaushik Chatterjee
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, ‡Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India
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Çakmakli B, Hazer B, Erdoğan T, Mutlu AG. DNA adsorption and dynamic mechanical analysis of polymeric oil/oil acid copolymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-013-0093-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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10
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Maisonneuve L, Lebarbé T, Grau E, Cramail H. Structure–properties relationship of fatty acid-based thermoplastics as synthetic polymer mimics. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00791j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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11
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Tschan MJL, Brulé E, Haquette P, Thomas CM. Synthesis of biodegradable polymers from renewable resources. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py00452f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 360] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Rutherglen BG, McBath RA, Huang YL, Shipp DA. Polyanhydride Networks from Thiol−Ene Polymerizations. Macromolecules 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ma102287v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Broden G. Rutherglen
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science and Center for Advanced Materials Processing, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, United States
| | - Ryan A. McBath
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science and Center for Advanced Materials Processing, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, United States
| | - Yu Ling Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science and Center for Advanced Materials Processing, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, United States
| | - Devon A. Shipp
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science and Center for Advanced Materials Processing, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810, United States
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13
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Oledzka E, Narine SS. Organic acids catalyzed polymerization of ε-caprolactone: Synthesis and characterization. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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14
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Oledzka E, Kong X, Narine SS. Synthesis and characterization of novel lipid functionalized poly(ε-caprolactone)s. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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15
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Kılıçay E, Çakmaklı B, Hazer B, Denkbaş EB, Açıkgöz B. Acetylsalicylic acid loading and release studies of the PMMA-g-polymeric oils/oily acids micro and nanospheres. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Abraham S, Narine SS. Polynonanolactone synthesized from vegetable oil: Evaluation of physical properties, biodegradation, and drug release behavior. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.23678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sinoj Abraham
- Trent University Biomaterials Research Program, Departments of Physics & Astronomy and Chemistry, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9J 7B8
| | - Suresh S. Narine
- Trent University Biomaterials Research Program, Departments of Physics & Astronomy and Chemistry, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada K9J 7B8
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Jain JP, Chitkara D, Kumar N. Polyanhydrides as localized drug delivery carrier: an update. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2008; 5:889-907. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.5.8.889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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18
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Influence of molecular organization and interactions on drug release for an injectable polymer-lipid blend. Int J Pharm 2008; 360:83-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Revised: 03/30/2008] [Accepted: 04/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Brin YS, Golenser J, Mizrahi B, Maoz G, Domb AJ, Peddada S, Tuvia S, Nyska A, Nyska M. Treatment of osteomyelitis in rats by injection of degradable polymer releasing gentamicin. J Control Release 2008; 131:121-7. [PMID: 18692531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2008] [Revised: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 07/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the potential of an injectable degradable polymer-poly(sebacic-co-ricinoleic-ester-anhydride) containing gentamicin for the treatment of osteomyelitis. Osteomyelitis of both tibiae was induced in 13 female Fischer rats by injecting a suspension containing approximately 105 (CFU)/ml of S. aureus into the tibial medullar canal. Three weeks later both tibiae were X-rayed, drilled down the medullar canal, washed with 50 microl gentamicin solution (80 mg/2 ml) and then injected with 50 microl P(SA-RA)+gentamycin 20% w/v to the right tibia and 50 microl P(SA-RA) without gentamicin to the left tibia. After an additional 3 weeks, the rats were sacrificed, and radiographs of the tibiae were taken. Histopathological evaluation of the tibiae was done in a blinded manner. X-ray radiographs showed that all tibiae developed changes compatible with osteomyelitis in 3 weeks. Histological evaluation revealed significant differences between right and left tibiae in 10 rats. In the left tibia moderate intramedullary abscess formation occurred. In most treated tibiae typical changes included the absence (or minimal grade only) of abscesses. The treated group developed significantly less intramedullary abscesses; the p value was 0.028. Locally injected degradable polymer releasing gentamicin proved to be efficient histologically in the treatment of osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaron S Brin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Meir Medical Center, 48 Tchernichovsky Str., Kfar-Saba 44281, Israel.
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Jain JP, Modi S, Kumar N. Hydroxy fatty acid based polyanhydride as drug delivery system: Synthesis, characterization,in vitro degradation, drug release, and biocompatibility. J Biomed Mater Res A 2008; 84:740-52. [PMID: 17635032 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Low molecular weight hydroxy fatty acid based polyanhydrides were synthesized by one pot method, a variable of typical melt-condensation and characterized by FTIR, NMR, DSC, and GPC. Polymer degrades by both surface and bulk erosion as trailed by weight loss, anhydride loss and surface morphology. Control over drug release was accessed with drugs featuring different aqueous solubility, that is, methotrexate (hydrophobic) and 5-fluorouracil (hydrophilic). Effect of loading, at 5, 10, and 20% w/w of methotrexate on release profiles was also studied and negligible effect was discovered. Biocompatibility of polymers was evaluated in SD rats after SC injection of the polymer. Histopathology revealed initial inflammation of the tissues near the injection site however healed with time. Overall, these polymers were found good to control the release of the entrapped drug and were found biocompatible in preliminary in vivo study. Due to their low melting temperatures they can be injected locally (SC or intratumorally) to from regional in situ depot and have a great potential as a drug carrier for localized delivery of anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, SAS Nagar, Mohali 160062, India
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Abstract
To tailor the erosion rate of polyanhydrides while retaining their surface erosion characteristics, new three-component polyanhydrides of sebacic acid, 1,3-bis(p-carboxyphenoxy)propane and poly(ethylene glycol) were synthesized. The hydrophilicity of the polymer increased and its mechanical strength decreased with increasing PEG content. Correspondingly, the erosion rate increases with increasing PEG content, whereas it decreases with increasing specimen thickness. This indicates that the incorporation of poly(ethylene glycol) into traditional two-component polyanhydrides retains their surface erosion properties while making the erosion rate tunable. The new polyanhydrides hold potential for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijian Hou
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Miao H, Fan Y, Liu Y, Liu Y, Hao J, Deng X. Biodegradable poly(sebacic anhydride-co-caprolactone) multi-block copolymers: Synthesis, characterization, crystallinity and crystalline morphology. Eur Polym J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2006.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Synthesis, crystallinity and degradation properties of biodegradable poly[(sebacic anhydride)-co-caprolactone] triblock copolymers. POLYM INT 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Korhonen H, Hakala RA, Helminen AO, Seppälä JV. Synthesis and Hydrolysis Behaviour of Poly(ester anhydrides) from Polylactone Precursors Containing Alkenyl Moieties. Macromol Biosci 2006; 6:496-505. [PMID: 16921537 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200600060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxyl-group functional polylactones were prepared and converted to acid- terminated polyesters in a reaction with a series of alkenylsuccinic anhydrides containing 8, 12, or 18 carbons in their alkenyl chains. These polyester precursors were then linked into higher molecular weight poly(ester anhydrides) containing alkenyl moieties in their polyester blocks. The hydrolysis behaviour of the poly(ester anhydrides) was found to depend on the thermal properties of the polyester precursors. For poly(ester anhydrides) prepared from low molecular weight prepolymers with thermal transitions below 37 degrees C, the presence of hydrophobic alkenyl chains in the polyester precursors slowed the rate of weight loss. Poly(ester anhydrides) prepared from higher molecular weight prepolymers showed the opposite weight-loss behaviour; i.e., the crystallinity and thermal transitions of the alkenyl chain-containing poly(ester anhydrides) were low, and the weight loss was faster than for poly(ester anhydrides) without the alkenyl chains. The differences in length of the alkenyl chain, as such, had little effect on the hydrolysis behaviour and thermal properties of the poly(ester anhydrides).
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Affiliation(s)
- Harri Korhonen
- Helsinki University of Technology, Department of Chemical Technology, Laboratory of Polymer Technology, P.O. Box 6100, FIN-02015 HUT, Finland
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Slivniak R, Ezra A, Domb AJ. Hydrolytic Degradation and Drug Release of Ricinoleic Acid–Lactic Acid Copolyesters. Pharm Res 2006; 23:1306-12. [PMID: 16741657 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-006-0140-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2005] [Accepted: 01/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A systematic study on the degradation and drug release from L-lactic acid and ricinoleic-acid-based copolyesters is reported. These copolyesters were synthesized by ring opening polymerization (ROP), melt condensation (COND) and transesterification (TRANS) of high molecular weight poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with ricinoleic acid (PLA-RA), and repolymerization by condensation to yield random and block copolymers of weight average molecular weights (Mw) between 3000 and 13,000. All polymers showed an almost zero-order weight loss, with a 20-40% loss after 60 days of incubation. Lactic acid release to the degradation solution is proportional to weight loss of the polymer samples. The main decrease in molecular weight was observed during the first 20 days, followed by a slow degradation phase, which kept the number average molecular weight (Mn) at 4000-2000 for another 40 days. Water-soluble 5FU was released from ricinoleic-acid-based polymers faster than slightly water-soluble triamcinolone. Drug release into phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4, 0.1 M) at 37 degrees C from P(LA-RA) 60:40 prepared by condensation of the acids was faster than from pasty P(PLA-RA) 60:40 synthesized by transesterification for both drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raia Slivniak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy-Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
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Jain JP, Modi S, Domb AJ, Kumar N. Role of polyanhydrides as localized drug carriers. J Control Release 2005; 103:541-63. [PMID: 15820403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2004] [Accepted: 12/13/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Many drugs that are administered in an unmodified form by conventional systemic routes fail to reach target organs in an effective concentration, or are not effective over a length of time due to a facile metabolism. Various types of targeting delivery systems and devices have been tried over a long period of time to overcome these problems. Targeted delivery or localized drug delivery offers an advantage of reduced body burden and systemic toxicity of the drugs, especially useful for highly toxic drugs like anticancer agents. Local drug delivery via polymer is a simple approach and hypothesized to avoid the above stated problems. Polyanhydrides are a unique class of polymer for drug delivery because some of them demonstrate a near zero order drug release and relatively rapid biodegradation in vivo. Further, the release rate of polyanhydride fabricated device can be altered over a thousand fold by simple changes in the polymer backbone. Hence, these are one of the best-suited polymers for drug delivery, with biodegradability and biocompatibility. The review focuses on the advantages of polyanhydride carriers in localized drug delivery along with their degradability behavior, toxicological profile and role in various disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Prakash Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sec. 67, SAS Nagar (Mohalali) Punjab-160062, India
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Vaisman B, Shikanov A, Domb AJ. Normal phase high performance liquid chromatography for determination of paclitaxel incorporated in a lipophilic polymer matrix. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1064:85-95. [PMID: 15729823 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A normal phase (NP) high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for analysis of paclitaxel incorporated in poly(sebacic-co-ricinoleic acid), a lipophilic polymer matrix utilized for preparation of an injectable formulation for the localized delivery of paclitaxel. Thin layer chromatography experiments revealed that separation of paclitaxel from the polymer is dependent on the eluting strength (solvent strength) of the mobile phase. The HPLC system consists of a Purospher STRAR Si analytical HPLC column (5 microm, 250mm x 4mm, Merck), and 1-2.5% (v/v) methanol in dichloromethane as the mobile phase. Detection was by UV absorbance at 240 and 254 nm. The effect of the mobile phase composition on paclitaxel retention, peak shape and column efficiency, and the influence of the sample loading on the shape of the paclitaxel peak were studied. The mobile phases used for the chromatography consisted of 1.5% (v/v) methanol in dichloromethane. Paclitaxel was determined in the formulation and in the samples from degradation studies using UV detection at a wavelength of 254 nm. UV detection at 240 nm has advantages for following polymer matrix degradation products due to higher detector response at this wavelength. The utility of the proposed NP HPLC approach was demonstrated by assessment of intra- and inter-batch content uniformity, and by the determination of paclitaxel content after 7 and 60 days exposure of the paclitaxel-loaded polymer matrix to in vitro and in vivo degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Vaisman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel
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SURFACE-ERODIBLE BIOMATERIALS FOR DRUG DELIVERY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2377(03)29006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Krasko MY, Shikanov A, Ezra A, Domb AJ. Poly(ester anhydride)s prepared by the insertion of ricinoleic acid into poly(sebacic acid). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.10651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
It was the intention of this paper to give a survey on the degradation and erosion of polyanhydrides. Due to the multitude of polymers that have been synthesized in this class of material in recent years, it was not possible to discuss all polyanhydrides that have gained in significance based on their application. It was rather the intention to provide a broad picture on polyanhydride degradation and erosion based on the knowledge that we have from those polymers that have been intensively investigated. To reach this goal this review contains several sections. First, the foundation for an understanding of the nomenclature are laid by defining degradation and erosion which was deemed necessary because many different definitions exist in the current literature. Next, the properties of major classes of anhydrides are reviewed and the impact of geometry on degradation and erosion is discussed. A complicated issue is the control of drug release from degradable polymers. Therefore, the aspect of erosion-controlled release and drug stability inside polyanhydrides are discussed. Towards the end of the paper models are briefly reviewed that describe the erosion of polyanhydrides. Empirical models as well as Monte-Carlo-based approaches are described. Finally it is outlined how theoretical models can help to answer the question why polyanhydrides are surface eroding. A look at the microstructure and the results from these models lead to the conclusion that polyanhydrides are surface eroding due to their fast degradation. However they switch to bulk erosion once the device dimensions drop below a critical limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Göpferich
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Technology Unit, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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Abstract
Polyanhydrides have been considered to be useful biomaterials as carriers of drugs to various organs of the human body such as brain, bone, blood vessels, and eyes. They can be prepared easily from available, low cost resources and can be manipulated to meet desirable characteristics. Polyanhydrides are biocompatible and degrade in vivo into non-toxic diacid counterparts that are eliminated from the body as metabolites. Owing to their usefulness, this review focuses on the development, synthesis methods, structures and characterization of polyanhydrides, which will provide an overview for the researchers in the field. Their in vitro and in vivo degradability, toxicity, biocompatibility and applications are discussed in the subsequent chapters of this special issue on polyanhydrides and poly(ortho esters).
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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Slivniak R, Domb AJ. Stereocomplexes of enantiomeric lactic acid and sebacic acid ester-anhydride triblock copolymers. Biomacromolecules 2002; 3:754-60. [PMID: 12099819 DOI: 10.1021/bm0200128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A systematic study on the synthesis, characterization, degradation, and drug release of d-, l-, and dl-poly(lactic acid) (PLA)-terminated poly(sebacic acid) (PSA) and their stereocomplexes is reported. PLA-terminated sebacic acid polymers were synthesized by melt condensation of the acetate anhydride derivatives of PLA oligomers and sebacic anhydride oligomers to yield ABA triblock copolymers of molecular weights between 3000 and 9000 that melt at temperatures between 35 and 80 degrees C. Pairs of the corresponding enantiomeric ABA copolymers composed of l-PLA-PSA-l-PLA and d-PLA-PSA-d-PLA were solvent mixed to form stereocomplexes. The formed stereocomplexes exhibited higher crystalline melting temperature than the enantiomeric polymers, which indicate stereocomplex formulation. The PLA terminals had a significant effect on the polymer degradation and drug release rate. PSA with up to 20% w/w of PLA terminals degraded and released the incorporated drug for more than 3 weeks as compared with 10 days for PSA homopolymer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raia Slivniak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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