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Mairean CP, Roman C, Arsene C, Bejan IG, Olariu RI. Gas-Phase Kinetics of a Series of cis-3-Hexenyl Esters with OH Radicals under Simulated Atmospheric Conditions. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:6274-6285. [PMID: 39031125 PMCID: PMC11299184 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c03069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The present relative kinetic study reports on the experimentally determined gas-phase reaction rate coefficients of OH radicals with a series of seven cis-3-hexenyl esters. The experiments were carried out in the environmental simulation chamber made of quartz from the "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi (ESC-Q-UAIC), Romania, at a temperature of (298 ± 2) K and a total air pressure of (1000 ± 10) mbar. In situ long-path Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to monitor cis-3-hexenyl formate (Z3HF, (Z)-CH3CH2CH═CH(CH2)2OC(O)H), cis-3-hexenyl acetate (Z3HAc, (Z)-CH3CH2CH═CH(CH2)2OC(O)CH3), cis-3-hexenyl isobutyrate (Z3HiB, (Z)-CH3CH2CH═CH(CH2)2OC(O)CH(CH3)2), cis-3-hexenyl 3-methylbutanoate (Z3H3MeB, (Z)-CH3CH2CH═CH(CH2)2OC(O)CH2CH(CH3)2), cis-3-hexenyl hexanoate (Z3HH, (Z)-CH3CH2CH═CH(CH2)2OC(O)(CH2)4CH3), cis-3-hexenyl cis-3-hexenoate (Z3HZ3H, (Z,Z)-CH3CH2CH═CH(CH2)2OC(O)CH2CH═CHCH2CH3), cis-3-hexenyl benzoate (Z3HBz, (Z)-CH3CH2CH═CH(CH2)2OC(O)C6H5), and the reference compounds. The following reaction rate coefficients (in 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1) were obtained for the OH radical-initiated gas-phase oxidation of cis-3-hexenyl esters: (4.13 ± 0.45) for Z3HF, (4.19 ± 0.38) for Z3HAc, (4.84 ± 0.39) for Z3HiB, (5.39 ± 0.61) for Z3H3MeB, (7.00 ± 0.56) for Z3HH, (10.58 ± 1.40) for Z3HZ3H, and (3.41 ± 0.28) for Z3HBz. The results are discussed in terms of hexenyl ester reactivity and compared with the available literature data and structure-activity relationship (SAR) estimates. The atmospheric implications based on the average lifetimes of the investigated cis-3-hexenyl esters are discussed in the present study. The gas-phase rate coefficients for OH radical reactions are given herein for the first time for cis-3-hexenyl isobutyrate, cis-3-hexenyl 3-methylbutanoate, cis-3-hexenyl hexanoate cis-3-hexenyl cis-3-hexenoate, and cis-3-hexenyl benzoate. The newly determined gas-phase reaction rate coefficients provide new information for existing kinetic databases and contribute to the further development of SAR methodologies useful for predicting the reactivity of oxygenated volatile organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciprian-Paul Mairean
- Faculty
of Chemistry, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”
University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Claudiu Roman
- Integrated
Centre of Environmental Science Studies in the North Eastern Region
- CERNESIM, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”
University of Iasi, 11
Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
- Research
Center with Integrated Techniques for Atmospheric Aerosol Investigation
in Romania (RECENT AIR), “Alexandru
Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Cecilia Arsene
- Faculty
of Chemistry, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”
University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
- Integrated
Centre of Environmental Science Studies in the North Eastern Region
- CERNESIM, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”
University of Iasi, 11
Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
- Research
Center with Integrated Techniques for Atmospheric Aerosol Investigation
in Romania (RECENT AIR), “Alexandru
Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Iustinian-Gabriel Bejan
- Faculty
of Chemistry, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”
University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
- Integrated
Centre of Environmental Science Studies in the North Eastern Region
- CERNESIM, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”
University of Iasi, 11
Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Romeo-Iulian Olariu
- Faculty
of Chemistry, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”
University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
- Integrated
Centre of Environmental Science Studies in the North Eastern Region
- CERNESIM, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza”
University of Iasi, 11
Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
- Research
Center with Integrated Techniques for Atmospheric Aerosol Investigation
in Romania (RECENT AIR), “Alexandru
Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
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2
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Pham TV. Kinetics and mechanism of the gas-phase reaction of the hydroxyl radical with meta-aminotoluene compound. J Mol Model 2024; 30:169. [PMID: 38750281 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-024-05965-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT An ab initio investigation into the potential energy landscape of the meta-aminotoluene + •OH reaction has been conducted in this study. The calculated results reveal that the reaction channel leading to the product (NHC6H4CH3 + H2O) prevails under the 300-1700 K temperature range, while the reaction path forming the product (NH2C6H4CH2 + H2O) dominates in the higher-temperature region (T ≥ 1800 K). Within the specified temperature range, the product branching ratio for the former declines from 48 to 30%, while the latter shows an increase, reaching 29%. The overall second-order rate constants of the titled reaction obtained at the pressure 760 Torr (N2) can be illustrated by the modified Arrhenius expression of ktotal = 1.46 × 10-13 T0.58 exp[(-0.759 kcal.mol-1)/RT] cm3 molecule-1 s-1 and ktotal = 1.86 × 10-22 T3.24 exp[(-5.086 kcal.mol-1)/RT] cm3 molecule-1 s-1, covering the temperature range of T = 300-600 K and T > 600 K, respectively. The total rate constant at the ambient conditions in this work, 1.43 × 10-11 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, has been found to be roughly one order of magnitude lower than the available experimental data, ~ 1.2 × 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, measured by Atkinson et al., Rinke et al., and Witte et al., or the theoretical value, 4.4 × 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, and calculated by Abdel-Rahman and co-workers for the aniline + •OH reaction. METHODS The structures of reactants, transition states, intermediate states, and products of the meta-aminotoluene + •OH reaction are calculated with the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set and the methods DFT/B3LYP and CCSD(T). The rate constants and branching ratios in the 300-2000 K temperature range are calculated with the statistical theoretical TST and RRKM master equation computations including tunneling corrections, with potential energy surface constructed by the CCSD(T)//B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien V Pham
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
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3
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Shiroudi A, Czub J, Altarawneh M. Chemical Investigation on the Mechanism and Kinetics of the Atmospheric Degradation Reaction of Trichlorofluoroethene by OH⋅ and Its Subsequent Fate in the Presence of O 2 /NOx. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300665. [PMID: 37983906 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory was used to examine the degradation of Trichlorofluoroethene (TCFE) initiated by OH⋅ radicals. Additionally, the coupled-cluster single-double with triple perturbative [CCSD(T)] method was employed to refine the single-point energies using the complete basis set extrapolation approach. The results indicated that OH-addition is the dominant pathway. OH⋅ adds to both the C1 and C2 carbons, resulting in the formation of the C(OH)Cl2 -⋅CClF and ⋅CCl2 -C(OH)ClF species. The associated barrier heights were determined to be 1.11 and -0.99 kcal mol-1 , respectively. Furthermore, the energetic and thermodynamic parameters show that pathway 1 exhibits greater exothermicity and exergonicity compared to pathway 2, with differences of 8.11 and 8.21 kcal mol-1 , correspondingly. The primary pathway involves OH addition to the C2 position, with a rate constant of 6.2×10-13 cm3 molecule-1 sec-1 at 298 K. This analysis served to estimate the atmospheric lifetime, along with the photochemical ozone creation potential (POCP) and ozone depletion potential (ODP). It yielded an atmospheric lifetime of 8.49 days, an ODP of 4.8×10-4 , and a POCP value of 2.99, respectively. Radiative forcing efficiencies were also estimated at the M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) level. Global warming potentials (GWPs) were calculated for 20, 100, and 500 years, resulting in values of 9.61, 2.61, and 0.74, respectively. TCFE is not expected to make a significant contribution to the radiative forcing of climate change. The results obtained from the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) indicated that TCFE and its energized adducts are unable to photolysis under sunlight in the UV and visible spectrum. Secondary reactions involve the [TCFE-OH-O2 ]⋅ peroxy radical, leading subsequently to the [TCFE-OH-O]⋅ alkoxy radical. It was found that the alkoxy radical resulting from the peroxy radical can lead to the formation of phosgene (COCl2 ) and carbonyl chloride fluoride (CClFO), with phosgene being the primary product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Shiroudi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland
- BioTechMed Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland
| | - Jacek Czub
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland
- BioTechMed Center, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, 80-233, Poland
| | - Mohammednoor Altarawneh
- United Arab Emirates University, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Street, Al-Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Straccia C VG, Blanco MB, Teruel MA. Hydroxy esters atmospheric degradation: OH and Cl reactivity, products distribution and fate of the alkoxy radicals formed. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139726. [PMID: 37543227 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Kinetic studies of the reaction of ethyl glycolate HOCH2C(O)OCH2CH3 with OH radicals (kOH) and Cl atoms (kCl) have been conducted by the relative method using a glass atmospheric reactor by "in situ" Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Gas Chromatography equipped with flame ionization detection by Solid Phase Micro Extraction (GC-FID/SPME) at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The following relative rate coefficients were determined using several reference compounds and two different techniques: kEG + OH-FTIR = (4.36 ± 1.21) × 10-12; kEG + OH-GC-FID= (3.90 ± 0.74) × 10-12; and kEG + Cl-GC-FID= (6.40 ± 0.72) × 10-11 all values in units of cm3.molecule-1.s-1. Complementary product studies were performed under comparable conditions to the kinetic tests, in order to identify the reaction products and to postulate their tropospheric oxidation mechanisms. The reaction of OH radicals and Cl atoms with ethyl glycolate initiates via H-atom abstraction from alkyl groups of the molecule. Formic acid was positively identified as a reaction product by FTIR. On the other hand, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, glycolic acid; and formic acid were identified by the GC-MS technique. The Structure-Activity Relationship, (SAR) calculations were also implemented to estimate the more favorable reaction pathways and compare them with the products identified. Tropospheric lifetimes of τOH = 34 h and τCl = 5.5 days were estimated to determine how these investigated reactions might affect the air quality. In this sense, average ozone production of [O3] = 0.75 and a Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential, POCP, of 38 were calculated for the hydroxyl ester studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianni G Straccia C
- (L.U.Q.C.A), Laboratorio Universitario de Química y Contaminación del Aire, Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (I.N.F.I.Q.C.), Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María B Blanco
- (L.U.Q.C.A), Laboratorio Universitario de Química y Contaminación del Aire, Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (I.N.F.I.Q.C.), Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina; Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research, University of Wuppertal, DE-42097, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Mariano A Teruel
- (L.U.Q.C.A), Laboratorio Universitario de Química y Contaminación del Aire, Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (I.N.F.I.Q.C.), Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Viegas LP. A Multiconformational Transition State Theory Approach to OH Tropospheric Degradation of Fluorotelomer Aldehydes. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202300259. [PMID: 37326576 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Experimental work on the OH-initiated oxidation reactions of fluorotelomer aldehydes (FTALs) strongly suggests that the respective rate coefficients do not depend on the size of the Cx F2x+1 fluoroalkyl chain. FTALs hence represent a challenging test to our multiconformer transition state theory (MC-TST) protocol based on constrained transition state randomization (CTSR), since the calculated rate coefficients should not show significant variations with increasing values of x ${x}$ . In this work we apply the MC-TST/CTSR protocol to thex = 2 , 3 ${x={\rm 2,3}}$ cases and calculate both rate coefficients at 298.15 K with a value ofk = ( 2 . 4 ± 1 . 4 ) × 10 - 12 ${k=(2.4\pm 1.4)\times {10}^{-12}}$ cm3 molecule-1 s-1 , practically coincident with the recommended experimental value of kexp =( 2 . 8 ± 1 . 4 ) × 10 - 12 ${(2.8\pm 1.4)\times {10}^{-12}}$ cm3 molecule-1 s-1 . We also show that the use of tunneling corrections based on improved semiclassical TST is critical in obtaining Arrhenius-Kooij curves with a correct behavior at lower temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís P Viegas
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre-Institute of Molecular Sciences (CQC-IMS), Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3004-535, Coimbra, Portugal
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6
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Pham TV, Trang HTT. Reactions of Methyl Radicals with Aniline Acting as Hydrogen Donors and as Methyl Radical Acceptors. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:17005-17016. [PMID: 37214701 PMCID: PMC10193547 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation theoretically reports the comprehensive kinetic mechanism of the reaction between aniline and the methyl radical over a wide range of temperatures (300-2000 K) and pressures (76-76,000 Torr). The potential energy surface of the C6H5NH2 + CH3 reaction has been established at the CCSD(T)//M06-2X/6-311++G(3df,2p) level of theory. The conventional transition-state theory (TST) was utilized to calculate rate constants for the elementary reaction channels, while the stochastic RRKM-based master equation framework was applied for the T- and P-dependent rate-coefficient calculation of multiwell reaction paths. Hindered internal rotation and Eckart tunneling treatments were included. The H-abstraction from the -NH2 group of aniline (to form P1 (C6H5NH + CH4)) has been found to compete with the CH3-addition on the C atom at the ortho site of aniline (to form IS2) with the atmospheric rate expressions (in cm3 molecule-1 s-1) as ka1 = 7.5 × 10-23 T3.04 exp[(-40.63 ± 0.29 kJ·mol-1)/RT] and kb2 = 2.29 × 10-3 T-3.19 exp[(-56.94 ± 1.17 kJ·mol-1)/RT] for T = 300-2000 K and P = 760 Torr. Even though rate constants of several reaction channels decrease with increasing pressures, the total rate constant ktotal = 7.71 × 10-17 T1.20 exp[(-40.96 ± 2.18 kJ·mol-1)/RT] of the title reaction still increases as the pressure increases in the range of 76-76,000 Torr. The calculated enthalpy changes for some species are in good agreement with the available experimental data within their uncertainties (the maximum deviation between theory and experiment is ∼11 kJ·mol-1). The T1 diagnostic and spin contamination analysis for all species involved have also been observed. This work provides sound quality rate coefficients for the title reaction, which will be valuable for the development of detailed combustion reaction mechanisms for hydrocarbon fuels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien V. Pham
- School
of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University
of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Hoang T. T. Trang
- Department
of Chemistry, Hanoi Architectural University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
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Balsini SS, Shiroudi A, Hatamjafari F, Zahedi E, Pourshamsian K, Oliaey AR. Understanding the kinetics and atmospheric degradation mechanism of chlorotrifluoroethylene (CF 2CFCl) initiated by OH radicals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:13630-13644. [PMID: 37144555 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00161j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The atmospheric degradation of chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE) by OH˙ was investigated using density functional theory (DFT). The potential energy surfaces were also defined in terms of single-point energies derived from the linked cluster CCSD(T) theory. With an energy barrier of -2.62 to -0.99 kcal mol-1 using the M06-2x method, the negative temperature dependence was determined. The OH˙ attack on Cα and Cβ atoms (labeled pathways R1 and R2, respectively) shows that reaction R2 is 4.22 and 4.42 kcal mol-1, respectively, more exothermic and exergonic than reaction R1. The main pathway should be the addition of OH˙ to the β-carbon, resulting in ˙CClF-CF2OH species. At 298 K, the calculated rate constant was 9.87 × 10-13 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. The TST and RRKM calculations of rate constants and branching ratios were performed at P = 1 bar and in the fall-off pressure regime over the temperature range of 250-400 K. The formation of HF and ˙CClF-CFO species via the 1,2-HF loss process is the most predominant pathway both kinetically and thermodynamically. With increasing temperature and decreasing pressure, the regioselectivity of unimolecular processes of energized adducts [CTFE-OH]˙ gradually decreases. Pressures greater than 10-4 bar are often adequate for assuring saturation of the estimated unimolecular rates when compared to the RRKM rates (in high-pressure limit). Subsequent reactions involve the addition of O2 to the [CTFE-OH]˙ adducts at the α-position of the OH group. The [CTFE-OH-O2]˙ peroxy radical primarily reacts with NO and then directly decomposes into NO2 and oxy radicals. "Carbonic chloride fluoride", "carbonyl fluoride", and "2,2-difluoro-2-hydroxyacetyl fluoride" are predicted to be stable products in an oxidative atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Safari Balsini
- Department of Chemistry, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.
| | - Abolfazl Shiroudi
- Department of Chemistry, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, Gdańsk 80-233, Poland.
| | - Farhad Hatamjafari
- Department of Chemistry, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Zahedi
- Department of Chemistry, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Khalil Pourshamsian
- Department of Chemistry, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Reza Oliaey
- Department of Chemistry, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.
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Grira A, Antiñolo M, Canosa A, Tomas A, El Dib G, Jiménez E. Kinetic and Products Study of the Atmospheric Degradation of trans-2-Hexenal with Cl Atoms. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6973-6983. [PMID: 36166752 PMCID: PMC9549468 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c05060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The gas-phase reaction between trans-2-hexenal (T2H) and chlorine atoms (Cl) was studied using three complementary experimental setups at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. In this work, we studied the rate constant for the titled oxidation reaction as well as the formation of the gas-phase products and secondary organic aerosols (SOAs). The rate constant of the T2H + Cl reaction was determined using the relative method in a simulation chamber using proton-transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) to monitor the loss of T2H and the reference compound. An average reaction rate constant of (3.17 ± 0.72) × 10-10 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 was obtained. From this, the atmospheric lifetime of T2H due to Cl reaction was estimated to be 9 h for coastal regions. HCl, CO, and butanal were identified as primary products using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The molar yield of butanal was (6.4 ± 0.3)%. Formic acid was identified as a secondary product by FTIR. In addition, butanal, 2-chlorohexenal, and 2-hexenoic acid were identified as products by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry but not quantified. A reaction mechanism is proposed based on the observed products. SOA formation was observed by using a fast mobility particle sizer spectrometer. The measured SOA yields reached maximum values of about 38% at high particle mass concentrations. This work exhibits for the first time that T2H can be a source of SOA in coastal atmospheres, where Cl concentrations can be high at dawn, or in industrial areas, such as ceramic industries, where Cl precursors may be present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Grira
- CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)-UMR 6251, Université de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France.,IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Center for Energy and Environment, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - María Antiñolo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 1B, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación en Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica (ICCA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Camino de Moledores s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - André Canosa
- CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)-UMR 6251, Université de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Alexandre Tomas
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Univ. Lille, Center for Energy and Environment, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Gisèle El Dib
- CNRS, IPR (Institut de Physique de Rennes)-UMR 6251, Université de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Elena Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela 1B, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación en Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica (ICCA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Camino de Moledores s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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9
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Tan S, Zhang X, Lian Y, Chen X, Yin S, Du L, Ge M. OH Group Orientation Leads to Organosulfate Formation at the Liquid Aerosol Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:16953-16964. [PMID: 36070362 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Organosulfates (OSs) are well-known and ubiquitous constituents of atmospheric aerosol particles and have been used as secondary organic aerosol markers in many field studies. Hence, it is imperative to understand the formation of OS species in the atmosphere. Recently, hydroxy acids (HAs) and hydroxy acid sulfates have been extensively detected in the atmospheric environment. However, the reaction mechanism of HAs to form OSs is much less understood. In this work, we have mainly investigated the reaction of typical α-HAs, including glycolic acid (GA) and lactic acid (LA), and SO3 at the liquid aerosol surface using quantum chemistry calculations and Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics simulations. The OH group orientation of α-HAs at the air-water interface is found to exert a significant impact on the formation of OSs. The OH group pointing to the gas phase is obviously beneficial to the formation of OSs. Two key factors are discovered important to the reaction of α-HAs adsorbed on the liquid surface with SO3: (a) the exposure position of the active site to the gas phase and (b) the reactivity of the exposed site to the attracted SO3 molecule. Moreover, we found that the air-water interface exerts a significant influence on the physicochemical behaviors of GA and LA, especially on their OH group orientation, and thus leads to their different properties for the SO3 colliding reaction. The presented reaction mechanism provides a new feasible pathway for the production of OSs at the liquid aerosol surface, which may have important impacts on the formation of organic aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shendong Tan
- MOE & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- MOE & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| | - Yongjian Lian
- MOE & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, P. R. China
| | - Shi Yin
- MOE & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| | - Lin Du
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, P. R. China
| | - Maofa Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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10
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Zhao Q, Møller KH, Chen J, Kjaergaard HG. Cost-Effective Implementation of Multiconformer Transition State Theory for Alkoxy Radical Unimolecular Reactions. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:6483-6494. [PMID: 36053271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alkoxy radicals are important intermediates in the gas-phase oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) determining the nature of the first-generation products. An accurate description of their chemistry under atmospheric conditions is essential for understanding the atmospheric oxidation of VOCs. Unfortunately, experimental measurements of the rate coefficients of unimolecular alkoxy radical reactions are scarce, especially for larger systems. As has previously been done for peroxy radical hydrogen shift reactions, we present a cost-effective approach to the practical implementation of multiconformer transition state theory (MC-TST) for alkoxy radical unimolecular (H-shift and decomposition) reactions. Specifically, we test the optimal approach for the conformational sampling as well as the best value for a cutoff of high-energy conformers. In order to obtain accurate rate coefficients at a reduced computational cost, an energy cutoff is employed to reduce the required number of high-level calculations. The rate coefficients obtained with the developed theoretical approach are compared to available experimental rate coefficients for both 1,5 H-shifts and decomposition reactions. For all but one of the reactions tested, the calculated MC-TST rate coefficients agree with experimental results to within a factor of 7. The discrepancy for the final reaction is about a factor of 15, but part of the discrepancy is caused by pressure effects, which are not included in MC-TST. Thus, for the fastest alkoxy reactions, deviation from the high-pressure limit even at 1 bar should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shanxi, Xi'an710049, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kristian H Møller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Henrik G Kjaergaard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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11
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Xiao W, Sun S, Yan S, Wu W, Sun J. Theoretical study on the formation of Criegee intermediates from ozonolysis of pentenal: An example of trans-2-pentenal. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135142. [PMID: 35636604 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the reaction mechanism and kinetics of ozone with trans-2-pentenal using density functional theory (DFT) and conventional transition state theory (CTST). At 298 K and 1 atm, the gas-phase reaction mechanisms and kinetic parameters were calculated at the level of CCSD(T)/6-311+G(d,p)//M06-2X/6-311+G(d,p). Both CC and CO bond cycloaddition as well as hydrogen abstraction were found. The calculations indicated that the main reaction path is 1,3-dipole cycloaddition reactions of ozone with CC bond with the relatively lower syn-energy-barrier of 3.35 kcal mol-1 to form primary ozonide which decomposed to produce a carbonyl oxide called a Criegee intermediate (CI) and an aldehyde. The subsequent reactions of CIs were analysed in detail. It is found that the reaction pathways of the novelty CIs containing an aldehyde group are extremely similar with general CIs when they react with NO, NO2, SO2, H2O, CH2O and O2. The condensed Fukui function were calculated to identify the active site of the chosen molecules. At 298 K and 1 atm, the reaction rate coefficient was 9.13 × 10-18 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 with atmospheric lifetime of 1.3 days. The calculated rate constant is in general agreement with the available experimental data. The branching ratios indicated that syn-addition pathways are prior to anti-addition. The atmospheric ratios for CIs formation and the bimolecular reaction rate constants for the Criegee intermediates with the variety of partners were calculated. Our theoretical results are of importance in atmospheric chemistry of unsaturated aldehyde oxidation by ozone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Cihu Road 11, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, PR China
| | - Simei Sun
- Huangshi Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Technology and Materials, College of Physics and Electronic Science, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, PR China
| | - Suding Yan
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, 435002, PR China
| | - Wenzhong Wu
- College of Foreign Languages, Hubei Normal University, Cihu Road 11, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, PR China
| | - Jingyu Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Cihu Road 11, Huangshi, Hubei, 435002, PR China.
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12
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Singh BP, Kumari S, Nair A, Kumari S, Wabaidur SM, Avtar R, Rahman S. Temporary reduction in VOCs associated with health risk during and after COVID-19 in Maharashtra, India. JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY 2022; 80:53-76. [PMID: 35992767 PMCID: PMC9382016 DOI: 10.1007/s10874-022-09440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A novel coronavirus has affected almost all countries and impacted the economy, environment, and social life. The short-term impact on the environment and human health needs attention to correlate the Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and health assessment for pre-, during, and post lockdowns. Therefore, the current study demonstrates VOC changes and their effect on air quality during the lockdown. The findings of result, the levels of the mean for total VOC concentrations were found to be 15.45 ± 21.07, 2.48 ± 1.61, 19.25 ± 28.91 µg/m3 for all monitoring stations for pre-, during, and post lockdown periods. The highest value of TVOCs was observed at Thane, considered an industrial region (petroleum refinery), and the lowest at Bandra, which was considered a residential region, respectively. The VOC levels drastically decreased by 52%, 89%, 80%, and 97% for benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and m-xylene, respectively, during the lockdown period compared to the previous year. In the present study, the T/B ratio was found lower in the lockdown period as compared to the pre-lockdown period. This can be attributed to the complete closure of non-traffic sources such as industries and factories during the lockdown. The Lifetime Cancer Risk values for all monitoring stations for benzene for pre-and-post lockdown periods were higher than the prescribed value, except during the lockdown period. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10874-022-09440-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupendra Pratap Singh
- Delhi School of Climate Change and Sustainability (Institute of Eminence) & Department of Environmental Studies, Deshbadhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Saumya Kumari
- Delhi School of Climate Change and Sustainability (Institute of Eminence) & Department of Environmental Studies, Deshbadhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Arathi Nair
- Delhi School of Climate Change and Sustainability (Institute of Eminence) & Department of Environmental Studies, Deshbadhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sweety Kumari
- Delhi School of Climate Change and Sustainability (Institute of Eminence) & Department of Environmental Studies, Deshbadhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Ram Avtar
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810 Japan
| | - Shakilur Rahman
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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13
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Yadav AK, Mishra BK, Singh A, Gour NK. Atmospheric degradation, mechanism and kinetics of ethyl vinyl ketone (CH 2=CHCOCH 2CH 3) initiated by Cl atom: an insight from DFT study. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2100835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ashutosh Singh
- Department of Chemistry, K.S. Saket PG College, Ayodhya, India
| | - Nand Kishor Gour
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Tezpur, India
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14
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Shi B, Wang W, Fan C, Zhang Y, Sun Z, Zeng Y, Ge M. Study on the reaction of 3-methyl-2-butenal and 3-methylbutanal with Cl atoms: kinetics and reaction mechanism. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 116:25-33. [PMID: 35219422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of Cl atoms with two C5 aldehydes (3-methyl-2-butenal and 3-methylbutanal) were investigated by proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrum (PTR-MS) using smog chamber at 298 ± 1 K and 760 Torr. A relative rate method was used to determine the rate constants of the title reactions with m-xylene and trans-2-butene as reference compounds: (3.04 ± 0.18) × 10-10 and (2.07 ± 0.14) × 10-10 cm3/(molecule⋅sec) for 3-methyl-2-butenal and 3-methylbutanal, respectively. Additionally, the gas-phase products were also identified by PTR-MS, and the possible reaction mechanisms were proposed basing on the identified products. The detected gas-phase products are similar for two C5 aldehydes reactions, mainly including small molecules of aldehydes, ketones and chlorinated aldehyde compounds. The atmospheric lifetimes (τ) calculated for 3-methyl-2-butenal (τ = 7.0 hr, marine boundary layer (MBL)) and 3-methylbutanal (τ = 10.3 hr, MBL) according to the obtained rate constants. The results indicate that Cl atoms at MBL are competitive with OH radicals for the degradation contribution of C5 aldehyde compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shi
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; National Demonstration Center for Experiment Chemistry, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-material of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Weigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Cici Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuchan Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; Lanfang Normal University, Langfang 065000, China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China; Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-material of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050024, China.
| | - Maofa Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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15
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Shi Y, Li JJ, Wang Q, Jia Q, Yan F, Luo ZH, Zhou YN. Computer-aided estimation of kinetic rate constant for degradation of volatile organic compounds by hydroxyl radical: An improved model using quantum chemical and norm descriptors. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Aranda I, Salgado S, Martín P, Villanueva F, Martínez E, Cabañas B. Atmospheric degradation of 3-ethoxy-1-propanol by reactions with Cl, OH and NO 3. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 281:130755. [PMID: 34004517 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An experimental kinetic and mechanistic study of the reactions of 3-ethoxy-1-propanol (CH3CH2OCH2CH2CH2OH) with Cl atoms and OH and NO3 radicals has been carried out at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry) were used as detection techniques. The rate coefficients were measured with a relative method (units cm3 molecule-1 s-1): (3.46 ± 0.22) × 10-10, (3.48 ± 0.19) × 10-11 and (1.08 ± 0.07) × 10-14 for Cl, OH and NO3 reactions, respectively. Qualitative and quantitative products analysis was carried out and formaldehyde, ethyl formate, ethyl 3-hydroxypropanoate and nitrated compounds were positively identified. A reaction mechanism has been proposed which involves attack by the oxidant at the methylene group in the α-position to an oxygen atom of the ether or alcohol groups, followed by the subsequent reactions of the resulting radicals. The tropospheric reactivity of 3-ethoxy-1-propanol (3E1P) has been compared with the reactivity of other hydroxy ethers to extend our knowledge of this type of compound. The atmospheric implications for 3E1P have been established by estimating parameters such as lifetimes, global warming potential (GWP) and the Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCPE). According to the calculated tropospheric lifetimes, the dominant loss process of 3E1P is its daytime reaction with the OH radical and this has an impact on a local scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Aranda
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. Camilo José Cela S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Sagrario Salgado
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. Camilo José Cela S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Instituto de Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica (ICCA), Camino de Los Moledores S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - Pilar Martín
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. Camilo José Cela S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Instituto de Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica (ICCA), Camino de Los Moledores S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Florentina Villanueva
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Instituto de Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica (ICCA), Camino de Los Moledores S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Castilla-La Mancha, Paseo de La Innovación 1, 02006, Albacete, Spain
| | - Ernesto Martínez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. Camilo José Cela S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Instituto de Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica (ICCA), Camino de Los Moledores S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Beatriz Cabañas
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. Camilo José Cela S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Instituto de Combustión y Contaminación Atmosférica (ICCA), Camino de Los Moledores S/n, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain
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17
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Dinh MTN, Nguyen CC, Phan MD, Duong MK, Nguyen PHD, Lancelot C, Nguyen DL. Novel cryptomelane nanosheets for the superior catalytic combustion of oxygenated volatile organic compounds. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126111. [PMID: 34020350 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work offers a novel pathway to prepare cryptomelane manganese oxides nanosheets as an superior catalyst for the catalytic combustion of oxygenated volatile organic compounds. The tunnel cryptomelane manganese oxides nanosheets were prepared from layered birnessite via simultaneously tuning pH and molar ratio (ROK) of the redox-precipitation between oxalic acid and KMnO4. Thus, few-layered cryptomelane nanosheets possessing the most predominantly exposed (211) facet are generated at low pH (5.2-5.6), which intensifies the surface area of thin crystal cryptomelane nanosheets up to 177 m2g-1 and weakens Mn-O bonds. Moreover, high ROK results in low manganese average oxidation state (AOS), greater oxygen vacancies and better low-temperature reduction and oxygen mobility. Such features significantly maneuver the catalytic activity of the cryptomelane nanosheets catalysts for the complete oxidation of oxygenated volatile organic compound (e.g., 2-propanol, acetone) at low temperature (170-230 °C). Moreover, the catalysts show high stability for 48 h. The presented catalyst discloses an avenue to address current obstacles in the catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Tuan Nguyen Dinh
- The University of Da-Nang, University of Science and Technology, 54, Nguyen Luong Bang, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
| | - Chinh Chien Nguyen
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 50000, Viet Nam; Faculty of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 50000, Viet Nam
| | - Manh Duy Phan
- The University of Da-Nang, University of Science and Technology, 54, Nguyen Luong Bang, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Khoa Duong
- The University of Da-Nang, University of Science and Technology, 54, Nguyen Luong Bang, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Phuc Hoang Duy Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology-Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Christine Lancelot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181 - UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Dinh Lam Nguyen
- The University of Da-Nang, University of Science and Technology, 54, Nguyen Luong Bang, Da Nang, Viet Nam
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18
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Illés Á, Rózsa ZB, Thangaraj R, Décsiné Gombos E, Dóbé S, Giri BR, Szőri M. An experimental and theoretical kinetic study of the reactions of hydroxyl radicals with tetrahydrofuran and two deuterated tetrahydrofurans. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Straccia C VG, Lugo PL, Rivela CB, Blanco MB, Wiesen P, Teruel MA. OH-initiated degradation of methyl 2-chloroacetoacetate and ethyl 2-chloroacetoacetate: Kinetics, products and mechanisms at 298 K and atmospheric pressure. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129659. [PMID: 33549882 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rate coefficients for the gas-phase reactions of OH radicals with CH3C(O)CHClC(O)OCH3 (k1) and CH3C(O)CHClC(O)OCH2CH3 (k2) were measured using the relative technique with different reference compounds. The experiments were performed at (298 ± 2) K and 750 Torr of nitrogen or synthetic air by in situ FTIR spectroscopy and GC-FID chromatography. The following rate coefficients (in units of cm3molecule-1 s-1) were obtained: k1FTIR= (2.70 ± 0.51) × 10-11; k1GC-FID= (2.30 ± 0.71) × 10-11 and k2FTIR= (3.37 ± 0.62) × 10-11; k2GC-FID= (3.26 ± 0.85) × 10-11. This work reports the first kinetic study for the reactions of OH radicals with the mentioned chloroacetoacetates. Additionally, product studies are reported in similar conditions of the kinetic experiments. Acetic acid, acetaldehyde, formyl chloride, and methyl 2-chloro-2-oxoacetate were positively identified and quantified as degradation products. According to the identified products, atmospheric chemical mechanisms were proposed. The environmental implications of these reactions were assessed by the tropospheric lifetimes calculations of the title chloroesters. Significant average ozone production of 4.16 ppm for CH3C(O)CHClC(O)OCH3 and 5.98 ppm for CH3C(O)CHClC(O)OCH2CH3, respectively were calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vianni G Straccia C
- (L.U.Q.C.A), Laboratorio Universitario de Química y Contaminación del Aire, Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (I.N.F.I.Q.C.), Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Pedro L Lugo
- (L.U.Q.C.A), Laboratorio Universitario de Química y Contaminación del Aire, Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (I.N.F.I.Q.C.), Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Cynthia B Rivela
- (L.U.Q.C.A), Laboratorio Universitario de Química y Contaminación del Aire, Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (I.N.F.I.Q.C.), Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Maria B Blanco
- (L.U.Q.C.A), Laboratorio Universitario de Química y Contaminación del Aire, Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (I.N.F.I.Q.C.), Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Peter Wiesen
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research, University of Wuppertal, DE-42097, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Mariano A Teruel
- (L.U.Q.C.A), Laboratorio Universitario de Química y Contaminación del Aire, Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (I.N.F.I.Q.C.), Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
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20
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Mai TVT, Nguyen TTD, Nguyen HT, Nguyen TT, Huynh LK. New Mechanistic Insights into Atmospheric Oxidation of Aniline Initiated by OH Radicals. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:7858-7868. [PMID: 34043323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study theoretically reports the comprehensive kinetic mechanism of the aniline + OH reaction in the range of 200-2000 K and 0.76-7600 Torr. The temperature- and pressure-dependent behaviors, including time-resolved species profiles and rate coefficients, were studied within the stochastic RRKM-based master equation framework with the reaction energy profile, together with molecular properties of the species involved, characterized at the M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level. Hindered internal rotation and Eckart tunneling treatments were included. The H-abstraction from the -NH2 moiety (to form C6H5NH (P1)) is found to prevail over the OH-addition on the C atom at the ortho site of aniline (to form 6-hydroxy-1-methylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-yl (I2)) with the atmospheric rate expressions (in cm3/molecule/s) as kabstraction(P1) = 3.41 × 101 × T-4.56 × exp (-255.2 K/T) for 200-2000 K and kaddition(I2) = 3.68 × 109 × T-7.39 × exp (-1163.9 K/T) for 200-800 K. The U-shaped temperature-dependent characteristics and weakly positive pressure dependence at low temperatures (e.g., T ≤ 800 K and P = 760 Torr) of ktotal(T) are also observed. The disagreement in ktotal(T) between the previous calculations and experimental studies is also resolved, and atmospheric aniline is found to be primarily removed by OH radicals (τOH ∼ 1.1 h) in the daytime. Also, via TD-DFT simulations, it is recommended to include P1 and I2 in any atmospheric photolysis-related model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tam V-T Mai
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, SBI Building, Quang Trung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Thi T-D Nguyen
- Vietnam National University, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- International University, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Hieu T Nguyen
- Institute for Computational Science and Technology, SBI Building, Quang Trung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Trang T Nguyen
- Vietnam National University, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- International University, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Lam K Huynh
- Vietnam National University, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
- International University, Quarter 6, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
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21
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Viegas LP. Simplified Protocol for the Calculation of Multiconformer Transition State Theory Rate Constants Applied to Tropospheric OH-Initiated Oxidation Reactions. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:4499-4512. [PMID: 33902279 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chemical kinetics plays a fundamental role in the understanding and modeling of tropospheric chemical processes, one of the most important being the atmospheric degradation of volatile organic compounds. These potentially harmful molecules are emitted into the troposphere by natural and anthropogenic sources and are chemically removed by undergoing oxidation processes, most frequently initiated by reaction with OH radicals, the atmosphere's "detergent". Obtaining the respective rate constants is therefore of critical importance, with calculations based on transition state theory (TST) often being the preferred choice. However, for molecules with rich conformational variety, a single-conformer method such as lowest-conformer TST is unsuitable while state-of-the-art TST-based methodologies easily become unmanageable. In this Feature Article, the author reviews his own cost-effective protocol for the calculation of bimolecular rate constants of OH-initiated reactions in the high-pressure limit based on multiconformer transition state theory. The protocol, which is easily extendable to other oxidation reactions involving saturated organic molecules, is based on a variety of freeware and open-source software and tested against a series of oxidation reactions of hydrofluoropolyethers, computationally very challenging molecules with potential environmental relevance. The main features, advantages and disadvantages of the protocol are presented, along with an assessment of its predictive utility based on a comparison with experimental rate constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís P Viegas
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, Buildings 1630-1632, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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22
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Atmospheric chemistry of CF3CHFCF2OCH2CF2CF3: Kinetics and mechanism on the OH-initiated degradation and subsequent reactions in the presence of O2 and NO. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.138556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Illmann JN, Patroescu-Klotz I, Wiesen P. Gas-phase reactivity of acyclic α,β-unsaturated carbonyls towards ozone. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:3455-3466. [PMID: 33507190 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05881e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated different approaches to discuss the reactivity of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls comparative to alkene analogues. It was found that the reactivity factors xr, defined as the relative ratio between the rate coefficient of the carbonyl and a core structure, allow a semi-quantitative estimation of substituent effects in α,β-unsaturated acids, aldehydes and esters when the carbonyl containing substituent is replaced by a hydrogen atom. By contrast, it can be shown that the reactivity of the corresponding ketones differs from the other carbonyls. A linear correlation is presented between the xr- values and the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group of the unsaturated esters, which can be used to predict ozonolysis rate coefficients. For this systematic analysis the following rate coefficients (in 10-18 cm3 molecule-1 s-1) have been determined at 298 ± 2 K and 990 ± 15 mbar and under dry conditions using the relative rate method: k(O3 + methyl methacrylate) = 7.0 ± 0.9, k(O3 + methyl crotonate) = 5.5 ± 1.4, k(O3 + methyl 3-methyl-3-butenoate) = 1.3 ± 0.3, k(O3 + methyl tiglate) = 65 ± 11, k(O3 + 3-penten-2-one) = 31 ± 7, k(O3 + 3-methyl-3-penten-2-one) = 80 ± 19, k(O3 + 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one) = 8.4 ± 0.8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Niklas Illmann
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
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24
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Abdel-Rahman MA, Shibl MF, El-Nahas AM, Abdel-Azeim S, El-demerdash SH, Al-Hashimi N. Mechanistic insights of the degradation of an O-anisidine carcinogenic pollutant initiated by OH radical attack: theoretical investigations. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj06248k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
O-Anisidine (O-AND) is one of the amino organic compounds that harm human health, and is considered as a carcinogenic chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed F. Shibl
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences
- College of Arts and Sciences
- Qatar University
- Doha
- Qatar
| | - Ahmed M. El-Nahas
- Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- Menoufia University
- Shebin El-Kom 32512
- Egypt
| | - Safwat Abdel-Azeim
- Center for Integrative Petroleum Research (CIPR)
- College of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences
- King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM)
- Dhahran 31261
- Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nessreen Al-Hashimi
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences
- College of Arts and Sciences
- Qatar University
- Doha
- Qatar
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25
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Novelli A, Cho C, Fuchs H, Hofzumahaus A, Rohrer F, Tillmann R, Kiendler-Scharr A, Wahner A, Vereecken L. Experimental and theoretical study on the impact of a nitrate group on the chemistry of alkoxy radicals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:5474-5495. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05555g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The chemistry of nitrated alkoxy radicals, and its impact on RO2 measurements using the laser induced fluorescence (LIF) technique, is examined by a combined theoretical and experimental study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Novelli
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - C. Cho
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - H. Fuchs
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - A. Hofzumahaus
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - F. Rohrer
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - R. Tillmann
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - A. Kiendler-Scharr
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - A. Wahner
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
| | - L. Vereecken
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- 52428 Jülich
- Germany
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26
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Kaipara R, Rajakumar B. Kinetic Studies on the Photo-oxidation Reactions of Methyl-2-methyl Butanoate and Methyl-3-methyl Butanoate with OH Radicals. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:10923-10936. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c07715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Kaipara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Balla Rajakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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27
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Abdel-Rahman MA, Shibl MF, El-Demerdash SH, El-Nahas AM. Simulated kinetics of the atmospheric removal of aniline during daytime. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 255:127031. [PMID: 32417518 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Oxidations of aniline (AN) initiated by OH-radicals are simulated in the temperature range 200-400 K using DFT/M06-2X/6-311++G(2df,2p) and ab initio ROCBS-QB3 levels. Chemical kinetics of such reactions were investigated based on several approaches including classical transition state theory (TST), conical variational transition state theory (CVT), and Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus master equation (RRKM-ME) theories. Under atmospheric conditions, the reaction of OH radical with AN and the subsequent reactions with O2 molecules are investigated. The results indicate that the majority of O2 addition goes to the anti-directions with a branching ratio of 97.7% and produces the bicyclic peroxy radicals (BPRs) that can react with NO radical to form bicyclic alkoxy radicals (BARs). The latter compounds can be stabilized either by cyclization or via ring cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Abdel-Rahman
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32512, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Shibl
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Safinaz H El-Demerdash
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32512, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Nahas
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32512, Egypt.
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28
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Zhu J, Li J, Du L. Exploring the formation potential and optical properties of secondary organic aerosol from the photooxidation of selected short aliphatic ethers. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 95:82-90. [PMID: 32653196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation potential for six kinds of short aliphatic ethers has been studied. The size distribution, mass concentration, and yield of SOA formed by ethers photooxidation were determined under different conditions. The results showed that all six ethers can generate SOA via reaction with OH radicals even under no seed and NOx-free condition. The mass concentration for six seedless experiments was less than 10 µg/m3 and the SOA yields were all below 1%. The strong increase in the SOA formation was observed when the system contained ammonium sulfate seed particles, while SOA yield decreased under the high-NOx condition. SOA composition was analyzed using offline methods. Infrared spectra indicated that there are complex components in the particle-phase including carbonyls acid and aldehydes species. Moreover, the aqueous filter extracts were analyzed using ultraviolet-visible spectrometer and fluorescence spectrophotometer. For the fresh methyl n-butyl ether SOA, the largest absorption peak occurs at 280 nm and there exists slightly absorption in the 300-400 nm. Excitation-emission matrices display the distinct peak at excitation/emission = 470 nm/480 nm according to the fluorescence spectrum. These findings are important considerations of formation for ether SOA that can eventually be included in atmospheric models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Zhu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jianlong Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lin Du
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
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29
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Ji Y, Qin D, Zheng J, Shi Q, Wang J, Lin Q, Chen J, Gao Y, Li G, An T. Mechanism of the atmospheric chemical transformation of acetylacetone and its implications in night-time second organic aerosol formation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 720:137610. [PMID: 32146400 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a high concentration of acetylacetone (AcAc) has been measured in China, and its day-time chemistry with OH reaction has been evaluated. The phenomenon has profound implications in air pollution, human health and climate change. To systematically understand the atmospheric chemistry of AcAc and its role in the atmosphere, the night-time chemistry of AcAc with O3 and NO3 radical were investigated in this work in detail using density functional theory. The results show that for O3- and NO3-initiated atmospheric oxidation reactions of AcAc, the barrier energies of O3/NO3-addition are found to be much lower than those of H-abstraction, suggesting that O3/NO3-addition to AcAc is a major contributing pathway in the atmospheric chemical transformation reactions. The total degradation rate constants were calculated to be 2.36 × 10-17 and 1.92 × 10-17 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for the O3- and NO3-initiated oxidation of AcAc at 298 K, respectively. The half-life of AcAc+O3 in some polluted areas (such as, Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta) is close to 3 h under typical tropospheric conditions. Due to its short half-life, the ozonolysis of AcAc plays a more significant role in the night-time hours, leading to fast transformations to form primary ozonides (POZs). A prompt, thermal decomposition of POZs occurred to yield methylglyoxal, acetic acid and Criegee intermediates, which mainly contributed to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Subsequently, using the high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-CIMS), a non-negligible concentration of AcAc was measured in the field observation during the night-time in Nanjing, China. The obtained results reveal that the atmospheric oxidation of AcAc can successively contribute to the formation of SOA under polluted environments regardless of the time (day-time or night-time). This is due to its high reactivity to tropospheric oxidant species (such as, O3 and NO3 radicals at night-time).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuemeng Ji
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dandan Qin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Qiuju Shi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qinhao Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jiangyao Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanpeng Gao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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30
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Mao Y, Levine DS, Loipersberger M, Horn PR, Head-Gordon M. Probing radical-molecule interactions with a second generation energy decomposition analysis of DFT calculations using absolutely localized molecular orbitals. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:12867-12885. [PMID: 32510096 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01933j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Intermolecular interactions between radicals and closed-shell molecules are ubiquitous in chemical processes, ranging from the benchtop to the atmosphere and extraterrestrial space. While energy decomposition analysis (EDA) schemes for closed-shell molecules can be generalized for studying radical-molecule interactions, they face challenges arising from the unique characteristics of the electronic structure of open-shell species. In this work, we introduce additional steps that are necessary for the proper treatment of radical-molecule interactions to our previously developed unrestricted Absolutely Localized Molecular Orbital (uALMO)-EDA based on density functional theory calculations. A "polarize-then-depolarize" (PtD) scheme is used to remove arbitrariness in the definition of the frozen wavefunction, rendering the ALMO-EDA results independent of the orientation of the unpaired electron obtained from isolated fragment calculations. The contribution of radical rehybridization to polarization energies is evaluated. It is also valuable to monitor the wavefunction stability of each intermediate state, as well as their associated spin density profiles, to ensure the EDA results correspond to a desired electronic state. These radical extensions are incorporated into the "vertical" and "adiabatic" variants of uALMO-EDA for studies of energy changes and property shifts upon complexation. The EDA is validated on two model complexes, H2O˙F and FH˙OH. It is then applied to several chemically interesting radical-molecule complexes, including the sandwiched and T-shaped benzene dimer radical cation, complexes of pyridine with benzene and naphthalene radical cations, binary and ternary complexes of the hydroxyl radical with water (˙OH(H2O) and ˙OH(H2O)2), and the pre-reactive complexes and transition states in the ˙OH + HCHO and ˙OH + CH3CHO reactions. These examples suggest that this second generation uALMO-EDA is a useful tool for furthering one's understanding of both energetic and property changes associated with radical-molecule interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhi Mao
- Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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31
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Viegas LSP, Jensen F. Reactivity of α,ω-Dihydrofluoropolyethers toward OH Predicted by Multiconformer Transition State Theory and the Interacting Quantum Atoms Approach. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:3460-3470. [PMID: 32242667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c02911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report rate constants for the tropospheric reaction between the OH radical and α,ω-dihydrofluoropolyethers, which represent a specific class of the hydrofluoropolyethers family with the formula HF2C(OCF2CF2)p(OCF2)qOCF2H. Four cases were considered: p0q2, p0q3, p1q0, and p1q1 (pxqy denoting p = x and q = y) with the calculations performed by a cost-effective protocol developed for bimolecular hydrogen-abstraction reactions. This protocol is based on multiconformer transition state theory and relies on computationally accessible M08-HX/apcseg-2//M08-HX/pcseg-1 calculations. Within the protocol's approximations, the results show that (1) the calculated rate constants are within a factor of five of the experimental results (p1q0 and p1q1) and (2) the chain length and composition have a negligible effect on the rate constants, which is consistent with the experimental work. The interacting quantum atoms energy decomposition scheme is used to analyze the observed trends and extract chemical information related to the imaginary frequencies and barrier heights that are key parameters controlling the reactivity of the reaction. The intramolecular exchange-correlation contributions in the reactants and transition states were found to be the dominating factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luı S P Viegas
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 6B, Buildings 1630-1632, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Frank Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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32
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Kaipara R, Rajakumar B. Photooxidation Reactions of Ethyl 2-Methylpropionate (E2MP) and Ethyl 2,2-Dimethylpropionate (E22DMP) Initiated by OH Radicals: An Experimental and Computational Study. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:2768-2784. [PMID: 32207979 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The relative rate (RR) technique was used for the measurement of OH-initiated photooxidation reactions of ethyl 2-methylpropionate (E2MP) and ethyl 2,2-dimethylpropionate (E22DMP) in the temperature range of 268-363 K at 760 Torr. In addition to this, the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters for the title reactions were theoretically investigated using CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ//M06-2X/6-311++G(2d,2p) level of theory in the temperature range of 200-400 K using canonical variational transition state theory (CVT) in combination with small curvature tunneling (SCT) method. The rate coefficients at (298 ± 2) K were measured to be kE2MP+OH = (2.71 ± 0.79) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 and kE22DMP+OH = (2.58 ± 0.80) × 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. The degradation mechanisms for the title reactions were investigated in the presence of O2 using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with infrared spectroscopy (GC-IR). From the recognized products, the possible product degradation mechanisms were predicted. In addition to this, the atmospheric lifetimes (ALs), lifetime-corrected radiative forcing (RF), global warming potential (GWPs) and photochemical ozone creation potentials (POCPs) were calculated to further understand the environmental impact of these molecules on the Earth's troposphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Kaipara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India
| | - B Rajakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India
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33
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Kaipara R, Rajakumar B. Cl-Initiated Photo-oxidation Studies of Methyl Valerate and Methyl Isovalerate under Tropospherically Relevant Conditions. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:2515-2529. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b10740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Revathy Kaipara
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - B. Rajakumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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34
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Li S, Wang D, Wu X, Chen Y. Recent advance on VOCs oxidation over layered double hydroxides derived mixed metal oxides. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(19)63446-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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35
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Saheb V, Bahadori A. Theoretical studies on the kinetics of the hydrogen-abstraction reactions from 1,3,5-trioxane and 1,4-dioxane by OH radicals. PROGRESS IN REACTION KINETICS AND MECHANISM 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1468678319899252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Theoretical investigations have been performed on the kinetics of bimolecular hydrogen-abstraction reactions of 1,3,5-trioxane and 1,4-dioxane cyclic ethers with OH radicals. Hydrogen abstraction from both axial and equatorial positions of 1,3,5-trioxane and 1,4-dioxane was considered. Optimization of the structures, and the calculation of energies, vibrational frequencies and moments of inertia for all the stationary points including reactants, hydrogen-bonded complexes, transition states and products were carried out using density functional theory at the M06-2X level together with the MG3S basis set. Single-point energy calculations on the optimized points were obtained at the CBS-QB3 level. The calculations show that the title reactions proceed through relatively strong hydrogen-bonded complexes due to the hydrogen bonding between the OH radicals and the oxygen atoms of the cyclic ethers. A two-transition state model (an inner tight transition state and an outer loose transition state) was employed to compute the hydrogen-abstraction rate coefficients. The rate coefficients were also computed using conventional transition state theory considering a tight transition state for the purpose of comparison. It was found that when the reactions proceed via inner transition states with relative energies higher than the reactants, the computed rate coefficients are underestimated by conventional transition state theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Saheb
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Aidin Bahadori
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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36
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Fan C, Wang W, Shi B, Chen Y, Wang K, Zhang W, Sun Z, Ge M. A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Gas Phase Reaction of OH Radicals with Ethyl Propyl Ether. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:721-730. [PMID: 31917920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b10742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of ethyl propyl ether (EnPE) with OH radicals was studied using proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrum (PTR-MS), and the rate constant was measured at 298 K and atmospheric pressure using the relative rate method: kexp(OH+EnPE) = (1.13 ± 0.09) × 10-11 cm3 molecules-1 s-1. In addition, a parallel theoretical study was performed using the traditional transition state theory (TST) with a tunnelling effect correction in combination at M05-2X method with two basis sets, 6-311++G(d,p) and aug-cc-pVTZ. According to these calculations, H atom abstraction occurs more favorably from the methylene group adjacent to the -O- bond than from the other groups. The theoretical calculation of the total rate constant of the reaction of EnPE with OH radicals was consistent with the experimental values. The gas-phase products indicated that the major products observed were ethyl formate, ethyl propionate, propionic acid. Combined with the experimental and theoretical results, the possible reaction mechanisms were proposed and discussed. The atmospheric implications of the studied reaction are presented, and the lifetime of EnPE in the presence of OH radicals was evaluated to be approximately 1 day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cici Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Material Science , Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang 050024 , China
| | - Weigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Bo Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,College of Chemistry and Material Science , Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang 050024 , China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Zheng Sun
- College of Chemistry and Material Science , Hebei Normal University , Shijiazhuang 050024 , China
| | - Maofa Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China.,Center for Excellence in Region¶al Atmospheric Environment , Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen , 361021 , P. R. China
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García PL, Rivela CB, Gibilisco RG, Salgado S, Wiesen P, Teruel MA, Blanco MB. Degradation of a series of fluorinated acrylates and methacrylates initiated by OH radicals at different temperatures. RSC Adv 2020; 10:4264-4273. [PMID: 35495244 PMCID: PMC9049121 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08034a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rate coefficients for the gas-phase reactions of OH radicals with a series of fluorinated acrylates and methacrylates: 2,2,2-trifluoroethylmethacrylate (k 1), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropylacrylate (k 2), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate (k 3), and 2,2,2-trifluoroethylacrylate (k 4) have been measured for the first time as a function of temperature in the range 290-308 K. The kinetic data obtained were used to derive the following Arrhenius expressions (in units of cm3 per molecule per s): k 1 = (2.13 ± 0.68) × 10-18 exp[(4745 ± 206)/T], k 2 = (8.72 ± 0.68) × 10-15 exp[(2166 ± 205)/T], k 3 = (6.30 ± 0.51) × 10-17 exp[(3721 ± 153)/T] and k 4 = (3.93 ± 0.43) × 10-16 exp[(3140 ± 129)/T]. The experiments were performed at normal atmospheric pressure in synthetic air using a 1080 L photoreactor and coupled with FTIR analysis to monitor the decay of the substances of interest and the reference compounds. The obtained negative temperature dependencies are in agreement with a mechanism implying an initial addition of the OH radical to the double bond. Atmospheric implications are discussed with reference to the rate coefficients obtained as a function of the temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Lugo García
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - C B Rivela
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - R G Gibilisco
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research, University of Wuppertal DE-42097 Wuppertal Germany
| | - S Salgado
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha Avenida Camilo José Cela 10 13071 Ciudad Real Spain
| | - P Wiesen
- Institute for Atmospheric and Environmental Research, University of Wuppertal DE-42097 Wuppertal Germany
| | - M A Teruel
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - M B Blanco
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Fisicoquímica de Córdoba (INFIQC), Dpto. de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria 5000 Córdoba Argentina
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38
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Mukherjee K, Ekuma CE, Zhao Y, Maikap A, Najmaei S, Zaghloul ME. Discrimination of 1- and 2-Propanol by Using the Transient Current Change of a Semiconducting ZnFe 2 O 4 Chemiresistor. Chempluschem 2020; 84:387-391. [PMID: 31939211 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201900036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A semiconducting metal oxide (SMO) chemiresistor (ZnFe2 O4 ) is used for discriminating two isomeric volatile organic compounds (VOCs), namely 1- and 2-propanol. The transient current of the SMO chemiresistor is correlated with the aerobic oxidation of organic vapors on its surface. The changes in transient current of the ZnFe2 O4 chemiresistor are measured at different temperatures (260-320 °C) for detecting equal concentrations (200 ppm) of the two structural isomers of propanol. The transient current of ZnFe2 O4 reflects a faster oxidation of 2-propanol than 1-propanol on the surface. First-principles calculations and kinetic studies on the interaction of 1- and 2-propanol over ZnFe2 O4 provide further insight in support of the experimental evidence. The calculations predict more spontaneous adsorption of 2-propanol on the (111) surface of ZnFe2 O4 than 1-propanol. Kinetic parameters for the oxidation of isomeric vapors are estimated by modelling the transient current of ZnFe2 O4 using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood reaction mechanism. The faster oxidation of 2-propanol and comparatively lower activation energy for the respective process over ZnFe2 O4 is justified in accordance to the chemical structures of vapors. The findings have strong implications in exploring a new technique for discriminating isomeric VOCs, which is significant for environmental monitoring and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalisadhan Mukherjee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, 800 22nd Street, NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA.,Centre for Advanced Materials Processing, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur-, 713209, India.,Department of Science School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University Raisan, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382077, India
| | - Chinedu E Ekuma
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA.,Department of Physics, Lehigh University, 16 Memorial Dr East, PA 18015, USA
| | - Yangyang Zhao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, 800 22nd Street, NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Abhishek Maikap
- Centre for Advanced Materials Processing, CSIR-Central Mechanical Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur-, 713209, India
| | - Sina Najmaei
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Sensors and Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA
| | - Mona E Zaghloul
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, 800 22nd Street, NW, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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39
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Bai FY, Ni S, Tang YZ, Pan XM, Zhao Z. Ciprofloxacin transformation in aqueous environments: Mechanism, kinetics, and toxicity assessment during •OH-mediated oxidation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 699:134190. [PMID: 31670037 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The initial reactions of organics with •OH are important to understand their transformations and fates in advanced oxidation processes in aqueous phase. Herein, the kinetics and mechanism of •OH-initiated degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP), an antibiotic of fluoroquinolone class, are obtained using density functional and computational kinetics methods. All feasible mechanisms are considered, including H-abstraction, •OH-addition, and sequential electron proton transfer. Results showed that the H-abstraction is the dominant reaction pathway, and the product radicals P7H, P9H, and P10H are the dominating intermediates. The aqueous phase rate coefficients for the •OH-triggered reaction of ciprofloxacin are calculated from 273 K to 323 K to examine the temperature dependent effect, and the theoretical value of 6.07 × 109 M-1 s-1 at 298 K is close to the corresponding experimental data. Moreover, the intermediates P7H, P9H, and P10H could easily transform to several stable products in the presence of O2, HO2•, and •OH. The peroxy radical, which is generated from the incorporation of H-abstraction product radicals (P7H, P9H, and P10H) with O2, prefers to produce HO2• into the surrounding through direct concerted elimination rather than the indirect mechanism. In addition, the peroxy radical could react with HO2• via triplet and singlet routes, and the former is more favorable due to its smaller barrier compared with the latter. The hydroxyl-substituted CIP has higher activity than its parent compound in their reactions with •OH due to its lower barrier and faster rate. In addition, the -NHC(O)-containing compound IM3-P10-H-4 is harmful to aquatic fish and is the primary product in the •OH-rich environment according to the ecotoxicity assessment computations. This study can improve our comprehension on CIP transformation in complex water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yang Bai
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Ni
- National & Local United Engineering Lab for Power Battery, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Zhen Tang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266033, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Mei Pan
- National & Local United Engineering Lab for Power Battery, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110034, People's Republic of China
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40
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Gupta P, Rajakumar B. Cl Atoms and OH Radicals Initiated Kinetic and Mechanistic Study on the Degradation of Propyl Butanoate under Tropospheric Conditions. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:10976-10989. [PMID: 31789521 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b09546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of various OVOCs (mainly esters) in the troposphere leads to the generation of various organics, which in turn leads to an increase in the cloud acidity of the Earth's atmosphere. Hence, it becomes necessary to understand the mechanistic aspects of the reaction of these molecules with dominant atmospheric agents. In this study, the tropospheric degradation of one such ester, propyl butanoate (PB; CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH2CH3) was studied with OH radicals and Cl atoms at the CCSD(T)//M06-2x/6-311+G(2d,2p) and CCSD(T)//BHandHLYP/6-311+G(2d,2p) level of theories over the studied temperature range of 200-400 K. The Arrhenius expressions obtained using the CVT/SCT/ISPE method were calculated as kPB + Cl (200-400 K) = 1.3 × 10-14 T1.3 exp[1335/T] cm3 molecule-1 s-1 and kPB + OH (200-400 K) = 1.8 × 10-26 T4.6 exp[4469/T] cm3 molecule-1 s-1. The obtained kinetics was also well validated against the SAR (structure-activity relationship)-based rate coefficients. The most prominent H-abstraction reaction channels were investigated for the PB + OH/Cl reaction. The abstraction of H atoms attached to the carbon atom present in the β-position to the ester (-C(O)O-) functionality was found to go via the lowest energy activation barriers for the reaction of PB toward both OH radicals and Cl atoms. The product degradation channels were also elucidated in an O2/NOx-rich environment. Moreover, to gauge the impact of the emitted PB on the troposphere, atmospheric lifetimes, radiative efficiencies, global warming potentials, and photochemical ozone creation potentials were also calculated and are included in the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth Gupta
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology, Madras , Chennai 600036 , India
| | - Balla Rajakumar
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology, Madras , Chennai 600036 , India
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41
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Wahab AK, Nadeem MA, Idriss H. Hydrogen Production During Ethylene Glycol Photoreactions Over Ag-Pd/TiO 2 at Different Partial Pressures of Oxygen. Front Chem 2019; 7:780. [PMID: 31824920 PMCID: PMC6883913 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The reaction of ethylene glycol has been studied over Ag-Pd/TiO2 (anatase) under photo-irradiation while monitoring the reaction products (in the gas and liquid phases) as a function of time and at different partial pressures of molecular oxygen. The catalyst contained metal particles with a mean size of about 1 nm, most likely in the form of alloy (TEM, STEM, and XPS). The complex reaction network involves hydrogen abstraction, C-C bond dissociation, de-carbonylation and water gas shift ultimately yielding hydrogen and CO2. The two main competing reactions were found to be, photo reforming and photo-oxidation. Based on our previous study, Ag presence improves the reaction rate for hydrogen production, most likely via decreasing the adsorption energy of CO when compared to pure Pd. At high ethylene glycol concentrations, the rate of hydrogen produced decreased by a factor of two while changing O2 partial pressure from 0.001 to 0.2 atm. The rate was however very sensitive to oxygen partial pressures at low ethylene glycol concentrations, decreasing by about 50 times with increasing oxygen pressures to 1 atm. The order of reaction with respect to O2 changed from near zero at high oxygen partial pressure to ½ at low partial pressure (in 0.008-0.2 atm. range). Liquid phase analysis indicated that the main reaction product was formaldehyde, where its concentration was found to be higher than that of H2 and CO2. The mass balance approached near unity only upon the incorporation of formaldehyde and after a prolonged reaction time. This suggests that the photo-reforming reaction was not complete even at prolonged time, most likely due to kinetic limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Khaja Wahab
- Hydrogen Platform, Catalysis Department, SABIC Corporate Research and Development (CRD), King Abdullah University for Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amtiaz Nadeem
- Hydrogen Platform, Catalysis Department, SABIC Corporate Research and Development (CRD), King Abdullah University for Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hicham Idriss
- Hydrogen Platform, Catalysis Department, SABIC Corporate Research and Development (CRD), King Abdullah University for Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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42
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Zhang Y, Wang M, Liu S, Qiu H, Wang M, Xu N, Gao L, Zhang Y. Mild template removal of SAPO-34 zeolite membranes in wet ozone environment. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.115758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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44
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Unexpected quenching effect on new particle formation from the atmospheric reaction of methanol with SO 3. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:24966-24971. [PMID: 31767772 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1915459116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the high abundance in the atmosphere, alcohols in general and methanol in particular are believed to play a small role in atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) largely due to the weak binding abilities of alcohols with the major nucleation precursors, e.g., sulfuric acid (SA) and dimethylamine (DMA). Herein, we identify a catalytic reaction that was previously overlooked, namely, the reaction between methanol and SO3, catalyzed by SA, DMA, or water. We found that alcohols can have unexpected quenching effects on the NPF process, particularly in dry and highly polluted regions with high concentrations of alcohols. Specifically, the catalytic reaction between methanol and SO3 can convert methanol into a less-volatile species--methyl hydrogen sulfate (MHS). The latter was initially thought to be a good nucleation agent for NPF. However, our simulation results suggest that the formation of MHS consumes an appreciable amount of atmospheric SO3, disfavoring further reactions of SO3 with H2O. Indeed, we found that MHS formation can cause a reduction of SA concentration up to 87%, whereas the nucleation ability of MHS toward new particles is not as good as that of SA. Hence, a high abundance of methanol in the atmosphere can lower the particle nucleation rate by as much as two orders of magnitude. Such a quenching effect suggests that the recently identified catalytic reactions between alcohols and SO3 need to be considered in atmospheric modeling in order to predict SA concentration from SO2, while also account for their potentially negative effect on NPF.
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45
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Zhang X, Li Y, Hu Y, Pang J, Wang Y, Wu Z. Theoretical Studies of the Hydrogen Abstraction from Poly(oxymethylene) Dimethyl Ethers by O 2 in Relation with Cetane Number Data. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:19128-19135. [PMID: 31763535 PMCID: PMC6868591 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Poly(oxymethylene) dimethyl ethers (PODME n , n = 2-6) are novel oxygenated compounds that can be used as promising candidates for new-generation fuels because of their excellent combustion performance. The oxidation of PODME n (n = 2-6) is essential for the understanding of the combustion process. It is necessary to study the relationship between kinetic parameters and cetane number (CN) of PODME n (n = 2-6). In order to predict initiation step rate constants for the oxidation of PODME n (n = 2-6), quantum mechanical calculations are performed using M06-2X/6-311G(d,p) and B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) methods. Structural, energetic, thermodynamics, and kinetics of the automatic ignition process are assessed. The kinetic model based on the conventional transition state theory is used to calculate the initiation step reaction rate constants at 1000 K. In both M06-2X/6-311G(d,p) and B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) methods, the calculated rate constants of the hydrogen abstraction process have an excellent correlation with the experimental CN of PODME n (n = 2-6). Our methodology presented here can be used to simulate chemical kinetics for other fuel additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianming Zhang
- Ordos
Institute of Technology, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Ordos
Institute of Technology, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yufeng Hu
- State
Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and High Pressure Fluid Phase
Behavior & Property Research Laboratory, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, Beijing, China
| | - Jinglin Pang
- Ordos
Institute of Technology, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Ordos
Institute of Technology, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- Ordos
Institute of Technology, Ordos 017000, Inner Mongolia, China
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46
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Han D, Cao H, Zhang F, He M. Quantum chemical study on ·Cl-initiated degradation of ethyl vinyl ether in atmosphere. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2019.1676475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haijie Cao
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, Qingdao University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fengrong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze, People’s Republic of China
| | - Maoxia He
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
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47
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Paul S, Gour NK, Deka RC. Oxidation pathways, kinetics and branching ratios of chloromethyl ethyl ether (CMEE) initiated by OH radicals and the fate of its product radical: an insight from a computational study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2019; 21:1519-1531. [PMID: 31274139 DOI: 10.1039/c9em00104b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The OH-initiated oxidation reactions of chloromethyl ethyl ether (CH2ClOCH2CH3) have been presented by using quantum calculation methods. The Minnesota functional (M06-2X) of the density functional theory method along with a polarization and diffuse 6-311++G(d,p) basis set is chosen for optimization and frequency calculations for H-abstractions from CH2ClOCH2CH3 molecules by OH radicals. Furthermore, the CCSD(T) method along with the same basis set is used for energy refinement of all optimized structures to obtain more accurate energies of the species. Our thermo-chemical calculation results show that the C˙HClOCH2CH3 product radical is more stable, corresponding to hydrogen atom abstraction from the -CH2Cl site, than others while the energy profile results indicate that the H-atom abstracted from the -OCH2 site follows the minimum energy path compared to other channels. The rate constants are computed using canonical transition state theory (CTST) within the temperature range of 250-450 K at 1 atm. The overall rate constant (at 298 K) for the abstraction reactions is found to be consistent with the earlier reported rate constant. The percentage branching ratios of different abstraction channels and the lifetime of chloromethyl ethyl ether are also given herein. We further investigated the unimolecular decomposition pathways of the CH2ClOCH(O˙)CH3 radical and found that unimolecular C-C bond scission is the kinetically and thermodynamically more feasible pathway compared to other unimolecular decomposition reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Paul
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University Tezpur, Assam - 784028, India.
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48
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Gnanaprakasam M, Saranya G, Bandaru S, English NJ, Senthilkumar K. Atmospheric oxidation mechanism and kinetics of 2-bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline by OH radicals - a theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:21109-21127. [PMID: 31528950 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04271g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
2-Bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline (BNA) is identified as a domestic-dust pollutant in urban environments, with deleterious atmospheric effects. In the present work, we studied the reaction pathways and kinetics for BNA oxidation by the OH radical using quantum-chemical methods and canonical-variational transition-state theory with small-curvature tunneling correction (CVT/SCT). OH-radial-mediated BNA oxidation was studied by considering OH addition to carbon atoms (C1 to C6) of BNA and H-atom abstraction at the -NH2 group and carbon atoms (C3 and C5) of BNA by OH radicals. It is observed that an OH-addition reaction is energetically more favorable. In addition, the rate constant was calculated for the favorable initial OH-addition reactions over the temperature range of 278 to 1000 K. The subsequent reactions for the favorable BNA-OH adduct intermediate with O2, HO2 and NO radicals are studied. We have identified the following possible end products from this BNA-oxidation reaction: (i) 2-amino-3-bromo-6-hydroperoxy-5-methyl-1-nitro-cyclohexa-2,4 dienol, (ii) 2-amino-1-bromo-6-hydroperoxy-5-methyl-3-nitro-cyclohexa-2,4-dienol, (iii) 2-amino-1-bromo-6-hydroperoxy-5-methyl-3-nitro-cyclohexa-2,4-dienol, (iv) 3-amino-4-bromo-4-hydroperoxy-8-methyl-2-nitro-6,7-dioxa-bicyclo oct-2-en-8-ol, (v) 2-amino-1-bromo-6-hydroperoxy-5-methyl-3-nitro-cyclohexa-2,4-dienol, and (vi) 3-amino-2-bromo-8-methyl-4-nitro-6,7-dioxa-bicyclo oct-3-ene-2,8-diol.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gnanaprakasam
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641 046, India.
| | - G Saranya
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - S Bandaru
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - N J English
- School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - K Senthilkumar
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641 046, India.
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49
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Viegas LP. Theoretical determination of the OH-initiated oxidation rate constants of $${\alpha ,\omega }$$-dialkoxyfluoropolyethers. Theor Chem Acc 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-019-2436-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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50
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Theoretical study on the atmospheric oxidation reaction of 2-furanaldehyde initiated by NO3 radicals. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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