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Graca B, Rychter A, Staniszewska M, Pryputniewicz-Flis D. The seasonality of the concentration of endocrine phenolic compounds in the matter attached to the surface of microplastics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168400. [PMID: 37939964 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Rapid biofilm formation on microplastic (MP) surfaces in marine environments and the tendency of hydrophobic pollutants to bioaccumulate may increase the exposure of organisms to ingested plastics and transport pollutants far from their sources. The role of the matter attached to MPs (MaM) in the interactions between MPs and other pollutants in marine environments is poorly understood. This paper studies pollutant sorption in MaM for three phenolic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs): bisphenol A (BPA), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), and 4-nonylphenol (4-NP). Polypropylene (PP), expanded polystyrene (EPS), and polylactide (PLA) MPs were exposed to an environment conducive to biofouling (Vistula Lagoon, Baltic Sea) for four weeks in summer, spring, and winter. The concentrations of EDCs in MaM and the suspended particulate matter (SPM) were similar and were 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than those in water and sediment. The type and morphology of the polymers were less significant for determining the concentrations of EDCs in MaM than the season. The concentrations were higher in the growing season than in winter. EDCs increased linearly with the increase in particulate organic carbon. The relationships between organic carbon partition coefficients and octanol/water partition coefficients indicate that hydrophobic partitioning into organic matter was the dominant mechanism of 4-t-OP and 4-NP binding in MaM and in SPM. For BPA, additional sorption mechanisms seem to be significant. In addition to the direct sorption from ambient water, the binding of phytoplankton-derived particles, most probably via attachment to extracellular polymeric substances, appears to be a source of EDCs in MPs. Rough estimates showed that the largest load of particulate matter and EDCs was attached to expanded polystyrene. This study suggests that the potential negative impacts of MPs on the environment are seasonal and that low-density porous plastics can be particularly effective carriers of large EDC loads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Graca
- University of Gdansk, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Agata Rychter
- University of Applied Sciences in Elbląg, Ul. Wojska Polskiego 1, 82-300 Elbląg, Poland
| | - Marta Staniszewska
- University of Gdansk, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
| | - Dorota Pryputniewicz-Flis
- University of Gdansk, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378 Gdynia, Poland
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Suwannarin N, Nishihama Y, Isobe T, Nakayama SF. Urinary concentrations of environmental phenol among pregnant women in the Japan Environment and Children's Study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108373. [PMID: 38088018 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to various bisphenols, alkylphenols and nitrophenols through dietary intake, food packaging and container materials, indoor and outdoor air/dust. This study aimed to evaluate exposure of Japanese pregnant women to environmental phenols by measuring target compounds in urine samples. From a cohort of the Japan Environment and Children's Study, 4577 pregnant women were selected. Bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol S (BPS), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol AF (BPAF), para-nitrophenol (PNP), 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (PNMC), branched 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), linear 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) were analysed using a high-performance liquid chromatograph coupled to a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer. The urinary metabolite data were combined with a questionnaire to examine the determinants of phenol exposure by machine learning. The estimated daily intake (EDI) and hazard quotient (HQ) of BPA were calculated. PNP (68.2%) and BPA (71.5%) had the highest detection frequencies, with median concentrations of 0.76 and 0.46 μg/g creatinine, respectively. PNMC, BPS, BPF and 4-NP were determined in 24.9%, 11.9%, 1.3% and 0.4% of samples, respectively, whereas BPAF (0.02%) and 4-t-OP (0.02%) were only determined in a few samples. The PNP concentrations measured in this study were comparable with those reported in previous studies, whereas the BPA concentrations were lower than those reported previously worldwide. The EDI of BPA was 0.014 μg/kg body weight/day. Compared with the tolerable daily intake set by the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, the median (95th percentile) HQ was 0.044 (0.2). This indicates that the observed levels of BPA exposure pose a negligible health risk to Japanese pregnant women. Determinants of bisphenol and nitrophenol exposure could not be identified by analysing the questionnaire solely, suggesting that biological measurement is necessary to assess exposure of pregnant women to bisphenols and nitrophenols. This is the first study to report environmental phenol exposure of Japanese pregnant women on a nationwide scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeranuch Suwannarin
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Office, Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0086, Japan.
| | - Yukiko Nishihama
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Office, Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0086, Japan; Paediatric Environmental Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1, Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan.
| | - Tomohiko Isobe
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Office, Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0086, Japan.
| | - Shoji F Nakayama
- Japan Environment and Children's Study Office, Health and Environmental Risk Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0086, Japan.
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Baneshi M, Tonney-Gagne J, Halilu F, Pilavangan K, Sabu Abraham B, Prosser A, Kanchanadevi Marimuthu N, Kaliaperumal R, Britten AJ, Mkandawire M. Unpacking Phthalates from Obscurity in the Environment. Molecules 2023; 29:106. [PMID: 38202689 PMCID: PMC10780137 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are a group of synthetic esters of phthalic acid compounds mostly used as plasticizers in plastic materials but are widely applied in most industries and products. As plasticizers in plastic materials, they are not chemically bound to the polymeric matrix and easily leach out. Logically, PAEs should be prevalent in the environment, but their prevalence, transport, fate, and effects have been largely unknown until recently. This has been attributed, inter alia, to a lack of standardized analytical procedures for identifying them in complex matrices. Nevertheless, current advancements in analytical techniques facilitate the understanding of PAEs in the environment. It is now known that they can potentially impact ecological and human health adversely, leading to their categorization as endocrine-disrupting chemicals, carcinogenic, and liver- and kidney-failure-causing agents, which has landed them among contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). Thus, this review article reports and discusses the developments and advancements in PAEs' standard analytical methods, facilitating their emergence from obscurity. It further explores the opportunities, challenges, and limits of their advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Baneshi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Canada (F.H.); (K.P.); (B.S.A.); (A.P.); (N.K.M.); (R.K.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Jamey Tonney-Gagne
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Canada (F.H.); (K.P.); (B.S.A.); (A.P.); (N.K.M.); (R.K.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Fatima Halilu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Canada (F.H.); (K.P.); (B.S.A.); (A.P.); (N.K.M.); (R.K.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Kavya Pilavangan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Canada (F.H.); (K.P.); (B.S.A.); (A.P.); (N.K.M.); (R.K.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Ben Sabu Abraham
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Canada (F.H.); (K.P.); (B.S.A.); (A.P.); (N.K.M.); (R.K.); (A.J.B.)
- Engineering Co-op Intern, Dalhousie University, 1334 Barrington Street, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Ava Prosser
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Canada (F.H.); (K.P.); (B.S.A.); (A.P.); (N.K.M.); (R.K.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Nikaran Kanchanadevi Marimuthu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Canada (F.H.); (K.P.); (B.S.A.); (A.P.); (N.K.M.); (R.K.); (A.J.B.)
- MITACS Globalink Intern, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore 14, Tamil Nadu 641 014, India
| | - Rajendran Kaliaperumal
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Canada (F.H.); (K.P.); (B.S.A.); (A.P.); (N.K.M.); (R.K.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Allen J. Britten
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Canada (F.H.); (K.P.); (B.S.A.); (A.P.); (N.K.M.); (R.K.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Martin Mkandawire
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Canada (F.H.); (K.P.); (B.S.A.); (A.P.); (N.K.M.); (R.K.); (A.J.B.)
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Nurulnadia MY, Zahid BM, Yusof KMKK, Minhat FI, Uno S, Hamid HIA. Occurrence of octylphenol and nonylphenol in the sediment of South China Sea and Malacca Strait, Peninsular Malaysia. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:355. [PMID: 36732460 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10998-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sediment is the ultimate reservoir of effluent from landmasses. This includes octylphenol (OP) and nonylphenol (NP), two chemical compounds which are known with the ability to disrupt the normal functions of hormones in the organism. To our knowledge, no study of these compounds in the marine sediment of Malaysia has been published to date. Hence, this study presents the level of OP and NP in the sediment of the South China Sea and Malacca Strait, Malaysia. The extraction of compounds was done using the liquid-liquid extraction method and followed by clean-up using solid-phase extraction cartridges. The range of OP in Malacca Strait (1.00-27.16 ng/g dw) was greater than in the South China Sea (5.12-14.16 ng/g dw) whereas a similar range of NP was found in the South China Sea (1.32-23.76 ng/g dw) and Malacca Strait (0.79-27.59 ng/g dw). The concentration of both compounds was consistently high near Redang Island (E2A) and Penang (W32 and W43) suggesting continuous input of these chemicals from this nearby land. Risk quotient (RQ) values of OP showed the potential risk to benthic communities in 4/7 and 21/47 sampling points of the respective South China Sea and Malacca Strait. Both water bodies are located far from the wastewater effluent and yet able to retain these chemicals in their sediment. This suggests that the wastewater treatment system as well as dilution effects do not prevent these chemicals to be ended up in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Yusoff Nurulnadia
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia.
- Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia.
- Ocean Pollution and Ecotoxicology (OPEC) Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
| | - Baharom Mohamad Zahid
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | | | - Fatin Izzati Minhat
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Seiichi Uno
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-5-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Hafiz Ikhwan Abdul Hamid
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
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Cao Y, Lin H, Wang Q, Li J, Liu M, Zhang K, Xu S, Huang G, Ruan Y, Wu J, Leung KMY, Lam PKS. Significant riverine inputs of typical plastic additives-phthalate esters from the Pearl River Delta to the northern South China Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 849:157744. [PMID: 35926595 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are representative additives used extensively in plastics. In this study, 15 PAEs were investigated at the eight riverine outlets of the Pearl River Delta (PRD). The total concentrations of Σ15PAEs, including both the dissolved and particulate phases, ranged from 562 to 1460 ng/L and 679 ng/L-2830 ng/L in the surface and bottom layers, respectively. Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) dominated in the dissolved and suspended particulate matter (SPM) phases, respectively, accounting for >50 % and > 80 % of Σ15PAEs. Riverine input of wastewater from the PRD was possibly the primary source of the contamination. Higher levels of PAEs occurred at the eastern outlets than at the western ones. The dissolved and particulate PAEs varied seasonally, with significantly higher concentrations observed in the dry season than in the wet season. However, no significant differences of PAE levels in both phases were observed among low, medium, and high tides. The partitioning results demonstrated that SPM is important in the transportation of pollutants in estuaries, where more hydrophobic DEHP was predominantly transported by the SPM phase, while those more hydrophilic ones were regularly transported by the dissolved phase. The total annual flux of Σ15PAEs through the eight outlets to the SCS reached 1390 tons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Huiju Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; Department of Transportation and Environment, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Mengyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China; National Observation and Research Station of Coastal Ecological Environments in Macao, Macao Environmental Research Institute, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao SAR 999078, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, the City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China.
| | - Shaopeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Guangling Huang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China; Guangdong Research Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yuefei Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, the City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jiaxue Wu
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China; School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Kenneth M Y Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China
| | - Paul K S Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, the City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China; Office of the President, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China.
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Yan D, Huang Y, Wang Z, Chen Q, Zhang J, Dong J, Fan Z, Yan H, Mao F. Key role of suspended particulate matter in assessing fate and risk of endocrine disrupting compounds in a complex river-lake system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 431:128543. [PMID: 35228078 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) enter lakes mainly through river inflow. However, the occurrence, transport and fate of EDCs in the overlying water, suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sediment of inflowing rivers remain unclear. This study investigated the load of seven EDCs in a complex river-lake system of the Taihu Lake Basin during different seasons, with the aims of revealing the transport routes of EDCs and identifying the contributions from different sources. The results indicated that the levels of the seven EDCs in the wet season with high temperature and dilution effects were generally lower than those in the other seasons. EDC enrichment in the sediment was largely affected by the transport and fate of SPM. Moreover, the estrogenic activity and risks of EDCs were the highest in SPM. The mass loadings of particulate EDCs carried by SPM were 2.6 times that of overlying water. SPM plays a vital role in the transport and fate of EDCs in complex river-lake systems and thereby deserves more attention. Nonpoint sources, particularly animal husbandry activities and untreated domestic sewage, were the main sources of EDCs, amounting to 61.5% of the total load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yan
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Green Development, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhiyuan Wang
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Green Development, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Qiuwen Chen
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Green Development, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Green Development, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jianwei Dong
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhaohang Fan
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Hanlu Yan
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Feijian Mao
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
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A CRITICAL REVIEW ON EXTRACTION AND ANALYTICAL METHODS OF PHTHALATES IN WATER AND BEVERAGES. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1675:463175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Villarreal-Reyes C, Díaz de León-Martínez L, Flores-Ramírez R, González-Lara F, Villarreal-Lucio S, Vargas-Berrones KX. Ecotoxicological impacts caused by high demand surfactants in Latin America and a technological and innovative perspective for their substitution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151661. [PMID: 34780823 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, water pollution represents a great concern due to population growth, industrialization, and urbanization. Every day hazardous chemical products for humans and aquatic organisms are disposed of arbitrarily from homes and industries. Even though detergents are considered an essential market, there is evidence of environmental impacts caused by surfactants like nonylphenol ethoxylate (NPE) and linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS). Regulations about maximum allowable concentrations in sewage, surface water, and drinking water are scarce or null, mostly in developing countries like Latin American countries. Therefore, this review explores these two common toxic surfactants (NPE and LAS) and proposes a technological, innovative, and ecological perspective on detergents. Also, it establishes a starting point for industries to minimize adverse effects on humans and environmental health caused by these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Villarreal-Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, C.P. 78260, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Lorena Díaz de León-Martínez
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Rogelio Flores-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Fabiola González-Lara
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, C.P. 78260, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Samantha Villarreal-Lucio
- Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Sección, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Karla Ximena Vargas-Berrones
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí. Av. Manuel Nava No. 6, C.P. 78260, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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Stoykova P, Ohkawa H, Inui H. Simple monitoring of endocrine-disrupting chemicals using transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing medaka estrogen receptor. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131633. [PMID: 34325267 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are widespread contaminants that severely affect the endocrine systems of living organisms. In addition to the conventional instrument-based approaches for quantifying organic pollutants, a monitoring method using transgenic plants has also been proposed. Plants carrying a recombinant receptor gene combined with a reporter gene represent a system for the easy detection of ligands that specifically bind to the receptor molecule. Here, the EDC detection sensitivity of transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing the medaka (Oryzias latipes) estrogen receptor (mER) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) genes, was assessed. Four transgenic Arabidopsis lines, obtained by transformation with expression plasmids constructed using combinations of two types of the ligand-binding domains of mER, the DNA-binding domain of LexA and the transactivation domain of VP16 in the chimeric receptors, showed significant induction of GFP when germinated on a medium contaminated with 1 ng/mL 4-t-octylphenol (OP). The most sensitive XmEV19-2 plants detected 0.1 ng/mL OP and 1 pg/mL 17β-estradiol. GFP expression was suppressed by the insecticides imidacloprid and fipronil, whereas perfluorooctanesulfonic acid induced it at 0.1 ng/mL. Experiments with river water-based medium showed that XmEV19-2 can be used for monitoring polluted waters, detecting OP at concentrations as low as 5 ng/mL. Notably, XmEV19-2 showed a significant decrease in root length when grown on 0.1 ng/mL OP. mER transgenic plants can be a promising tool for simple monitoring of EDCs, without the need for extraction and concentration steps in sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petya Stoykova
- Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan; AgroBioInstitute, 8 "Dragan Tsankov" Blvd, 1164, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Hideo Ohkawa
- Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan; Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Inui
- Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan; Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
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Ma Y, Li J, Jin Y, Gao K, Cai H, Ou G. The enhancement mechanism of ultra-active Ag 3PO 4 modified by tungsten and the effective degradation towards phenolic pollutants. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 285:131440. [PMID: 34252812 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy of W modification was applied to overcome the disadvantages of Ag3PO4. Ultra-active Ag3PO4 with different W doping ratios were successfully synthesized by facile chemical precipitation method, among which 0.5%W-AP showed the best results. Meanwhile, the stability and yield were enhanced. XRD, Raman and ESR etc. were employed to investigate the morphology, structure and optical properties of samples. It was proved W6+ entered into the Ag3PO4 lattice, occupied the position of P5+ and doped in the form of WO42-. The significant improvement of photocatalytic performance of W doped Ag3PO4 was attributed to the change of morphology, the decrease of particle size, the increase of crystallinity, the shrink of band gap energy and the reduction of photo-induced carriers recombination rate with W doping. The photocatalytic mechanism analysis showed h+ was the main oxidative species in the photocatalytic process, •O2- and •OH played minor roles. Under visible light irradiation, the impacts of the important operating parameters on the typical phenolic pollutants, phenol and bisphenol A, were evaluated with 0.5%W-AP. It was confirmed that 68% and 82% of phenol and bisphenol A were respectively degraded within 15 min and 40 min under optimized photocatalytic parameters: 0.4 g/L catalyst dosage, 20 mg/L pollutant concentration, pH 5.7 and 125 mW/cm2 irradiation intensity, and the corresponding K' were 2.14 and 5.50 times of undoped samples. This work provides a new approach for effective degradation towards phenolic pollutants by Ag3PO4 with ultra-high photocatalytic activity, high applicability and enhanced stability and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Ma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China; Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization and Cleaning Process of Phosphate Resource, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China; Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization and Cleaning Process of Phosphate Resource, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China; Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization and Cleaning Process of Phosphate Resource, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Kaige Gao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China; Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization and Cleaning Process of Phosphate Resource, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Haitao Cai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China; Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization and Cleaning Process of Phosphate Resource, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Guangyu Ou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China; Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization and Cleaning Process of Phosphate Resource, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 610065, China
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11
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Kim Y, Hong S, Lee J, Yoon SJ, An Y, Kim MS, Jeong HD, Khim JS. Spatial distribution and source identification of traditional and emerging persistent toxic substances in the offshore sediment of South Korea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 789:147996. [PMID: 34062466 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
While the coastal pollution of persistent toxic substances (PTSs) has been widely documented, information on offshore environments remains limited. Here, we investigated the spatial distribution and sources of PTSs in the offshore sediments (n = 34) of South Korea. Sediment samples collected from the Yellow Sea (n = 18), the South Sea (n = 10), and the East Sea (n = 6), in 2017-18 were analyzed for a total of 71 PTSs. Target compounds include 31 PCBs, 15 PAHs, 9 emerging PAHs (e-PAHs), 10 styrene oligomers (SOs), and 6 alkylphenols (APs). Sedimentary PCBs showed relatively low concentrations with no significant difference across the three seas (0.16-6.9 ng g-1 normalized organic carbon, OC). Low-chlorinated PCBs (tri- and tetra Cl-CBs) were predominant (mean: 77%), primarily indicating atmospheric inputs. PAHs widely accumulated in the three seas with low to moderate level (22-250 ng g-1 OC), and dominated by high molecular weight PAHs (4-6 rings). PMF analysis revealed coast-specific PAHs sources; i.e., originated from mainly coke production (77%) in the Yellow Sea, vehicle emissions (68%) in the South Sea, and fossil fuel combustion (49%) in the East Sea. SOs showed significant contamination than other PTSs, with elevated concentrations in the Yellow Sea (mean: 350 ng g-1 OC). APs showed a similar regional distribution to SOs, but concentrations were much lower (mean: 17 ng g-1 OC). SOs and APs seemed to be introduced from rivers and estuaries on the west coast of Korea, where industrial and municipal activities are concentrated, then might be transported to offshore through tide or currents. Overall, the novel data presented for various PTSs in offshore Korean sediments warrant the necessity of a long-term monitoring effort and urgent management practice to protect marine ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngnam Kim
- Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjin Hong
- Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junghyun Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Joon Yoon
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonyoung An
- Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seob Kim
- Fundamental Environment Research Department, Environmental Measurement & Analysis Center, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Dong Jeong
- East Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gangneung 25435, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seong Khim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Sevastos AA, Baker CM, Taylor P. A simple method for predicting alkane‐water partition coefficients of surfactants. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philip Taylor
- Syngenta Jealott's Hill International Research Centre Bracknell Berkshire UK
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Xiang Y, Wu H, Li L, Ren M, Qie H, Lin A. A review of distribution and risk of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the aquatic environment in China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 213:112044. [PMID: 33601171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to the extensive use and pseudo-persistence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), they are frequently detected in the aqueous environment, which has attracted global attention. In this paper, accumulation data of 81 PPCPs in surface water or sediment in China were reported. In addition, 20 kinds of PPCPs with high frequency were selected and their ecological risk assessment was conducted by risk quotient (RQs). The results indicated that the concentration detected in surface water and sediment ranged from ng/L (ng/kg) to μg/L (μg/kg) in China, which was similar to concentrations reported globally. However, contamination by certain PPCPs, such as caffeine, oxytetracycline, and erythromycin, was relatively high with a maximum concentration of more than 2000 ng/L in surface water. RQs revealed that 14 kinds of PPCPs pose no significant risk or low risk to aquatic organisms, while 6 kinds of PPCPs pose a high risk. Additionally, the pollution characteristics of PPCPs in each watershed are different. The Haihe River watershed and the central and lower Yangtze River were the regions of high concern for erythromycin. Triclosan has potential risks in the Pearl River watershed. This study determined the occurrence and risk of PPCPs in China in the past decade, providing a scientific basis for PPCPs pollution control and risk prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Huihui Wu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Lu Li
- Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Meng Ren
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Hantong Qie
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Aijun Lin
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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Yoon SJ, Hong S, Kim HG, Lee J, Kim T, Kwon BO, Kim J, Ryu J, Khim JS. Macrozoobenthic community responses to sedimentary contaminations by anthropogenic toxic substances in the Geum River Estuary, South Korea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 763:142938. [PMID: 33138998 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the sedimentary pollution by persistent toxic substances (PTSs) and their potential impacts on the macrobenthic faunal community in the Geum River Estuary, South Korea. Sediment and benthic macrofauna samples were collected from eight sites every two months during the period of February to December in 2015. Target PTSs encompassed metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn), one metalloid (As), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and alkylphenols (APs). The significant difference to the environment of the inner and outer parts of the estuary (p < 0.05) was found with relatively high concentrations of PTSs in sediment from the inner estuary. The concentrations of Cu and Zn exceeded the sediment quality guidelines of Korea representing a potential risk to aquatic organisms. The primary source of PAHs was by-products of diesel and gasoline combustion (37%), followed by a coke oven (32%) and oil-burning (31%). The macrofaunal community was spatially distinguished between the inner and outer parts of the estuary (p < 0.05), regardless of the season. In the inner part of the estuary, the density of the macrofaunal community was high, due to the increased opportunistic species and/or some indicator species (organic polluted or enrichment), implying that the given environment was disturbed. Among the environmental parameters analyzed by the distance-based linear model (DistLM), salinity, chlorophyll-a, and nutrient concentrations were found to be key factors controlling the changes in macrofaunal community structure. Such changes in the closed estuary system would indicate that each taxonomic group had to adjust to lower salinities and alternative food sources. Overall, the distribution of PTSs and macrozoobenthic communities in the Geum River Estuary collectively reflected the environmental gradients caused by surrounding activities in the inner part of the estuary together with direct effects by the irregular inflow of freshwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Joon Yoon
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjin Hong
- Department of Ocean Environmental Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Gi Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Lee
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewoo Kim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Oh Kwon
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeseong Kim
- Water & Eco-Bio Co., Ltd., Jungboo Building, Miryong-dong, Kunsan 54156, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongseong Ryu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, Anyang University, Ganghwagun, Incheon 23038, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seong Khim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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WANG X, CHEN Y, XIAO X, LI G. [Recent advances in sample preparation technologies for analysis of harmful substances in aquatic products]. Se Pu 2021; 39:34-45. [PMID: 34227357 PMCID: PMC9274841 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2020.07025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquatic products, which are among the most important sources of animal protein, contain proteins, vitamins, and a variety of trace elements, thus occupying an indispensable part of a reasonable diet. China is the largest consumer market of aquatic products in the world. The quality and safety of aquatic products are closely related not only to the healthy development of the aquaculture industry, but also to people's health. However, the presence of harmful substances has a bearing on the quality and safety of aquatic products in the overall process, including breeding, processing, storage, and transportation. These harmful substances are enriched in aquatic products and are transferred to humans via the food chain. Accurate determination of such harmful substances in aquatic product samples is imperative because of their complex matrices and extremely low concentrations. Many efficient sample preparation techniques such as liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, and QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method) with different configurations have been developed and widely employed for preconcentration in different matrices of aquatic products. Meanwhile, solid-phase microextraction has been demonstrated to be advantageous for some volatile and ultra-trace harmful substances. Suitable sample preparation techniques are important for effectively removing matrix interferences as well as for improving the sensitivity and accuracy of the method. It is important to develop appropriate sample preparation techniques for different target compounds in aquatic products. The harmful substances in aquatic products can be segregated into three categories according to their sources: (1) environmental pollutants in aquatic products; (2) substances acquired during aquaculture, transportation, and processing; (3) biotoxins in aquatic products. This article reviews the progress in sample pretreatment techniques for three harmful substances in aquatic products over the past decade. Various sample pretreatment techniques have been summarized and described, including liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, QuEChERS, and magnetic solid-phase extraction. In addition, the merits and demerits of these techniques and future research directions are discussed. Finally, we reviewed the progress in functionalized materials for the preparation of aquatic product samples. With the increasing demand for aquatic products, quick, sensitive, and practical detection methods, such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) are gaining importance. SERS has great potential for fast and accurate on-site detection of harmful substances in aquatic products. Several nondestructive sample pretreatment techniques have also been developed for harmful substances in aquatic products. The application and development of these techniques will guarantee the safety of aquatic products. Moreover, in vivo solid-phase microextraction is a potential method for aquatic product analysis. This technique integrates sampling, extraction, and enrichment into a single step, thus significantly reducing the processing time, labor, and cost. Overall, with the development and application of sophisticated materials and techniques, we can expect theoretical and practical advances in aquatic product analysis.
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An Y, Hong S, Yoon SJ, Cha J, Shin KH, Khim JS. Current contamination status of traditional and emerging persistent toxic substances in the sediments of Ulsan Bay, South Korea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 160:111560. [PMID: 32841802 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Contamination status of traditional and emerging persistent toxic substances (PTSs) in sediments and their major sources were investigated in Ulsan Bay, Korea. A total of 47 PTSs, including 15 traditional PAHs, ten styrene oligomers (SOs), six alkylphenols (APs), and 16 emerging PAHs (E-PAHs) were analyzed. Concentrations of traditional PAHs, SOs, and APs ranged from 35 to 1300 ng g-1 dry weight (dw), 30 to 3800 ng g-1 dw, and 30 to 430 ng g-1 dw, respectively. For the last 20 years, PTSs contamination in the bay area has been improved. However, 12 E-PAHs were widely detected in sediments, with a maximum of 240 ng g-1 dw (for benzo[e]pyrene) at the creek site. These E-PAHs seemed to originate from surrounding activities, such as biomass combustion, mobile sources, and diesel combustion. Due to environmental concerns for E-PAHs, further research on the potential toxicity, distribution, and behavior of these compounds should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonyoung An
- Department of Ocean Environmental Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjin Hong
- Department of Ocean Environmental Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seo Joon Yoon
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Cha
- Department of Ocean Environmental Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seong Khim
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences & Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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17
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Lu J, Zhang C, Wu J, Zhang Y, Lin Y. Seasonal distribution, risks, and sources of endocrine disrupting chemicals in coastal waters: Will these emerging contaminants pose potential risks in marine environment at continental-scale? CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125907. [PMID: 31978658 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Coastal waters are the critical ecologically fragile regions under the influence of the fastest economic developing pace and the extensive anthropogenic activities in coastal zone. Little information on the seasonal distribution, risks, and sources of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) which are emerging contaminants to pose potential risks at very low concentrations in coastal waters at continental-scale is available. This study investigated the coastline-based distribution, risks, and sources of target EDCs in coastal water of China. EDCs in coastal waters of China showed significant spatio-temporal variation with phenolic compounds serving as predominant EDCs. Bisphenol A (BPA) was detected in all water samples with average concentration of 449.2/186.3 ng/L in winter/summer while estrone was the main steroidal estrogen with the average concentration of 87.2/2.7 ng/L in winter/summer. EDCs in coastal waters of South China Sea Area showed higher concentrations. EDCs in coastal waters exerted high ecological risks and estrone/BPA averagely accounted for over 61%/71% of total risk quotient in winter/summer. Average estradiol equivalent concentration of all target EDCs reached 68.87/1.76 ng/L in winter/summer. EDCs in coastal waters did not pose potential non-cancer health risks for humans. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) model was firstly used to identify and quantify possible sources of EDCs. The PMF analysis showed that wastewater and sewage might be the main source for EDCs in coastal waters. EDCs in coastal waters showed high estradiol equivalent concentration and ecological risks at continental-scale, highlighting that EDCs contamination has become a crucial stress affecting the sustainable development of coastal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
| | - Cui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yichen Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
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18
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Huang Q, Bu L, Yang T, Yang Y, Huang S, Yang J, Guo Y, Liu C. Effects of nonylphenol administration on serum, liver and testis estrogen metabolism. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 235:543-549. [PMID: 31279116 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nonylphenol (NP) is one widely distributed representative of environmental estrogens that disturb reproductive activities, bone metabolism and brain function through interfering diverse signal pathways leading to hormone metabolic dysfunctions, immunologic derangement, and tumorigenesis. Few of previous studies have observed the subacute toxicity on rodents, and little has been focused on the mechanism underneath the toxicities observed. METHODS The 32 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups, the negative control group (corn oil) NP low, medium and high dose groups [30, 90, 270 mg/(kg·d)]. SD rats administrated with different dosage of NP every other day for 28d. Elisa and RT-PCR was employed to observe estrogen metabolism markers or mRNA expressions. RESULTS In serum, NP exposure caused testosterone (T) (p < 0.001), progesterone (PROG) (p < 0.05) and estrone (E1) (p < 0.05) increased. In testicle, NP exposure caused T (p < 0.001), PROG (p < 0.05), E1 (p < 0.05), 17β-estradiol (E2) (p < 0.05) and ERα mRNA (p < 0.01) increased, while P450 aromatizing enzyme (p < 0.001) decreased in NPL and ERβ mRNA (p < 0.001) decreased in NPM and NPH. In liver, NP exposure caused 17β-HSD2 mRNA (p < 0.01) increased, while P450 aromatizing enzyme decreased (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION NP exposure exhibited general and estrogenic toxicity in rats through disturbing estrogen secretion network and estrogen receptor expression network, inducing abnormal metabolism of estrogen, whether in serum, liver and testicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyi Huang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Lingling Bu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tongwang Yang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yichao Yang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, 511436, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Shaowen Huang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Youting Guo
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Chunhong Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, 510642, Guangzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, 510642, Guangzhou, China.
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Levels of NP and BPA in the Pearl River Estuary, China: Fluctuations with Country Policy Changes over the Past 40 Years. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16214100. [PMID: 31653046 PMCID: PMC6862134 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16214100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Sediment cores were collected from four outlets in the Pearl River Estuary (Guangdong Province, China) and dated using the 210Pb method to investigate the pollution history of the area due to its relatively stable sedimentation status and hydrographic conditions in recent decades. The ages of the sediment cores were dated over 40 years (1968–2015). The concentrations at the four outlets ranged from 2.21 to 48.52 ng g−1 dw for nonylphenol and were non-detectable for 23.64 ng g−1 dw for bisphenol A (BPA), which exhibited a decreasing trend from north to south as well as seaward. The fluxes (2.84 to 112.91 ng cm−2 yr−1 and non-detectable to 59.33 ng cm−2 yr−1 for nonylphenol and bisphenol A, respectively) stabilized in the 1980s to 1990s due to the construction of sewage treatment systems. The fluxes increased again in the 21st century, which reached a peak ca. 2010 but declined in recent years due to the establishment of regulations and the decreasing number of industrial enterprises. Fluctuations in the pollution composition coincided with industrial development and governmental policies.
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Wang P, Rene ER, Yan Y, Ma W, Xiang Y. Spatiotemporal evolvement and factors influencing natural and synthetic EDCs and the microbial community at different groundwater depths in the Chaobai watershed: A long-term field study on a river receiving reclaimed water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 246:647-657. [PMID: 31212218 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.05.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this long-term field study, to restore a dried river ecosystem, reclaimed water was used as a supplementary water source. The main aim of this study was to investigate the accumulation and migration potential of EDCs in groundwater during long-term utilization of reclaimed water and the changes in microbial community during the removal of EDCs. A long-term field study was conducted in order to ascertain the temporal and spatial distribution of four selected endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in an underground aquifer in the Chaobai watershed, where reclaimed water is the primary water source. Anew, the microbial community structure at different groundwater depths, along with related environmental factors were also determined. Based on the results obtained from this long-term study, it was found that the EDCs in the surface water of the Chaobai river have entered a depth of 80 m in the groundwater aquifers, within a distance of 360 m from the river. The vertical profiles of the concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA), 4-nonylphenol (NP), estrone (E1), and estriol (E3) decreased significantly from the surface to different groundwater depths with first-order attenuation rates of 0.0416, 0.0343, 0.0498, and 0.0173 m-1. The aquifer depth, water temperature, conductivity, and coexisting anions correlated well with the distribution of EDCs in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijing Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Eldon R Rene
- UNESCO-IHE, Institute for Water Education, Department of Environmental Engineering and Water Technology, Westvest 7, 2611AX, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Yulin Yan
- Beijing Water Science and Technology Institute, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Weifang Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yayun Xiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
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Müller A, Österlund H, Nordqvist K, Marsalek J, Viklander M. Building surface materials as sources of micropollutants in building runoff: A pilot study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 680:190-197. [PMID: 31108449 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Control of diffuse pollution is critical for achieving good surface water quality status. In this context, pollutant contributions from building materials have received increased attention in recent decades. This study examined the releases of metals, nonylphenols and phthalates from ten common building surface materials (installed in triplicates) into rainwater runoff from six rain events. The highest releases of metals were from copper and zinc sheets (average concentrations of 3090 μg/L Cu and 7770 μg/L Zn respectively), while other metal materials, e.g., Corten weathering steel, exhibited lower releases. PVC roofing released high concentrations of nonylphenols and phthalates (average concentrations of up to 26 μg/L nonylphenols and 455 μg/L Diisononyl phthalate, DINP) which have not been investigated in the earlier studies. Pollutant releases varied between events, likely because of weather conditions and rainfall characteristics. Study findings should be valuable for environmentally responsible applications of the existing building materials and the development of new ones, as well as the investigations and risk assessment of specific pollutants in stormwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Müller
- Urban Water Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden.
| | - Heléne Österlund
- Urban Water Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Nordqvist
- Urban Water Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Jiri Marsalek
- Urban Water Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
| | - Maria Viklander
- Urban Water Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, 971 87 Luleå, Sweden
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22
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García RA, Chiaia-Hernández AC, Lara-Martin PA, Loos M, Hollender J, Oetjen K, Higgins CP, Field JA. Suspect Screening of Hydrocarbon Surfactants in AFFFs and AFFF-Contaminated Groundwater by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:8068-8077. [PMID: 31269393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) are proprietary mixtures containing hydrocarbon surfactants and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) that are used to extinguish hydrocarbon-based fuel fires. There is limited information on hydrocarbon surfactants in AFFFs and AFFF-contaminated groundwater even though hydrocarbon surfactants are more abundant (5-10% w/w) than PFASs (0.9-1.5% w/w) in AFFFs. Eight commercial AFFFs manufactured between 1988 and 2012 and 10 AFFF-contaminated groundwaters collected from near source zones of fire-fighter training areas were analyzed for suspect hydrocarbon surfactants by liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. A suspect list and a homologous series detection computational tool, enviMass, were combined to screen for hydrocarbon surfactants. Nine classes of hydrocarbon surfactants were detected in AFFFs including octylphenol polyethoxylates, linear alcohol ethoxylates, ethoxylated cocoamines, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl amido dipropionates, linear alkyl benzenesulfonates, alkyl sulfates, and polyethylene glycols. Of those, six were also found in groundwater along with diethanolamines and alkyl amido betaines, which were not found in the eight archived AFFFs. This indicates that although aerobically biodegradable, hydrocarbon surfactants likely persist in groundwater due to anaerobic aquifer conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first screening for hydrocarbon surfactants in AFFFs and in AFFF-contaminated groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aurea C Chiaia-Hernández
- Institute of Geography and Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research , University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Pablo A Lara-Martin
- Department of Physical Chemistry , University of Cadiz, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences , Campus Rio San Pedro, CEI-MAR, Puerto Real , 11510 Cadiz , Spain
| | | | - Juliane Hollender
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology , Eawag , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics (IBP) , ETH Zurich , 8092 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Karl Oetjen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Colorado School of Mines , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
| | - Christopher P Higgins
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Colorado School of Mines , Golden , Colorado 80401 , United States
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23
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Martz M, Heil J, Marschner B, Stumpe B. Effects of soil organic carbon (SOC) content and accessibility in subsoils on the sorption processes of the model pollutants nonylphenol (4-n-NP) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 672:162-173. [PMID: 30954815 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Subsoils control the release of hydrophobic pollutants to groundwater systems, but the role of subsoil soil organic carbon (SOC) in sorption processes of hydrophobic organic pollutants remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to understand the role of subsoil SOC in sorption processes of 4-n-nonylphenol (NP) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) as model pollutants. To characterize the sorption behavior of NP and PFOA, 42 sub- and 54 topsoil samples were used for batch experiments. Differences in NP and PFOA sorption between sub- and topsoil samples and its mechanisms were identified using multiple regression analysis. Generally, the sorption of NP and PFOA was linear in all samples. The sorption of NP to soil samples (logKD = 1.78-3.68) was significantly higher and less variable than that of PFOA (logKD = -0.97-1.44). In topsoils, SOC content had the highest influence on NP and PFOA sorption. For NP, hydrophobic interactions between NP and SOC were identified as the most important sorption mechanism. For PFOA, hydrophobic as well as electrostatic interactions were determined depending on soil pH. In subsoils, the relevance of SOC content for pollutant sorption decreased drastically. For NP, not SOC content but rather SOC quality was relevant in SOC poor subsoils. For PFOA, clay and iron oxide content were found to be relevant for pollutant interactions with the solid phase. Thus, especially in SOC depleted subsoils, the sorption potential for PFOA remained unpredictable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Martz
- Department of Human & Environmental Research, Institute of Geography, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Jannis Heil
- Department of Human & Environmental Research, Institute of Geography, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Bernd Marschner
- Department of Soil Science and Soil Ecology, Institute of Geography, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Britta Stumpe
- Department of Human & Environmental Research, Institute of Geography, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
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24
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Salgueiro-González N, Campillo JA, Viñas L, Beiras R, López-Mahía P, Muniategui-Lorenzo S. Occurrence of selected endocrine disrupting compounds in Iberian coastal areas and assessment of the environmental risk. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 249:767-775. [PMID: 30951960 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The spatial and temporal distribution of selected endocrine disrupting compounds (4-tert-octylphenol, 4-n-octylphenol, 4-n-nonylphenol, nonylphenol, and bisphenol A) in two coastal areas of the Iberian Peninsula (Ria de Vigo and Mar Menor lagoon) were evaluated for the first time. Seawater and sediment samples collected during spring and autumn of 2015 were analysed using greener extraction techniques and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The presence of branched isomers (4-tert-octylphenol and nonylphenol) and bisphenol A in almost all seawater and sediment samples demonstrated their importance as pollutants in the frame of water policy, while no concentrations of linear isomers (4-n-octylphenol and 4-n-nonylphenol) were found. Higher seawater levels were observed in Mar Menor lagoon, especially in spring, associated with wastewater treatment plant effluents and nautical, agricultural and industrial activities. Similar sediment concentrations were measured in both studied areas, being nonylphenol levels five times higher than those measured for the other EDCs. Experimental sediment-water partition coefficients showed a moderate sorption of target compounds to sediments. Risk quotients for water compartment evidenced a moderate risk posed by nonylphenol, considering the worst-case scenario. For sediments, moderate risk related to 4-tert-octylphenol and high risk to nonylphenol were estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Salgueiro-González
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain.
| | - J A Campillo
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Apdo. 22, C/Varadero 1, 30740, San Pedro del Pinatar, Murcia, Spain
| | - L Viñas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía, IEO, Centro Oceanográfico de Vigo, Subida a Radio Faro, 50, 36390, Vigo, Spain
| | - R Beiras
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, Campus Lagoas-Marcosende, 36200, Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - P López-Mahía
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - S Muniategui-Lorenzo
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, 15071, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
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25
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Shiu RF, Jiang JJ, Kao HY, Fang MD, Liang YJ, Tang CC, Lee CL. Alkylphenol ethoxylate metabolites in coastal sediments off southwestern Taiwan: Spatiotemporal variations, possible sources, and ecological risk. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 225:9-18. [PMID: 30856475 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.02.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEOs) are one of the most widely used classes of surfactants, but they are also ubiquitous environmental pollutants and known endocrin-disrupting chemicals. This study is the first to investigate the spatiotemporal variations and possible sources of APEOs and their metabolites, including nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEOs) and octylphenol ethoxylates (OPEOs), in coastal sediments off southwestern Taiwan. The highest APEO concentration in the dry season was observed for the Kaohsiung coastal area, whereas the highest alkylphenol (AP) concentration in the wet season was found offshore at the Tainan Canal exit. No continuous accumulation of alkylphenol metabolites was evident in the area. One possible reason is that seasonal current and wind waves disperse the coastal pollutants. Application of multivariate statistical tools (hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis) confirmed the role of rivers and the Tainan Canal in transporting contaminants to coastal environments, suggesting influences of industrial and human activities on APEO distribution. A further comparison with the predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) proposed by the European Union indicates that nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) might pose potential ecological risks to the aquatic environment in the studied area. These findings provide useful information for environmental policy implementation and ecological assessments of different types of endocrine-disrupting chemicals and raise warnings about surfactant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruei-Feng Shiu
- Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Jheng-Jie Jiang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, 32023, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Kao
- Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Der Fang
- Green Energy and Environment Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, 30011, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Liang
- Green Energy and Environment Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, 30011, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Cheng Tang
- Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chon-Lin Lee
- Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Asia-Pacific Ocean Research Center, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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26
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Hu Y, Yan X, Shen Y, Di M, Wang J. Occurrence, behavior and risk assessment of estrogens in surface water and sediments from Hanjiang River, Central China. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 28:143-153. [PMID: 30612255 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-2007-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Estrogens have been widely detected in water and might pose a potential threat to the aquatic ecosystem. However, little information is available about the occurrence, multi-phase fate and potential risks of estrogens in Hanjiang River (HR). In this work, the concentration, multi-phase distribution and risk assessment of eight estrogens were studied by investigating surface water and sediment samples from HR during two seasons. These samples were analyzed using the solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The concentrations of eight estrogens were 4.5-111 ng/l in surface water and 1.7-113 ng/g dry weight in sediments. 4-nonylphenol (NP) was the predominant estrogen in both water and sediments. The estrogens showed significantly spatial variability, with the highest average concentration in the lower section of HR (p < 0.01, F > 12.21). Meanwhile, NP, 17α-estradiol (αE2), Bisphenol A (BPA) and 4-tert-octyphenol (OP) in surface water exhibited higher concentrations in summer than in winter (p < 0.05, F > 4.62). The sediment-water partition coefficients of estrogens suggested that these compounds partitioned more to particulate phase. Risk assessment indicated that estriol (E3) was the main contributor to the total estradiol equivalent concentration. Moreover, estrogen mixtures could pose high ecological risks to aquatic organisms in surface water. Overall, estrogens are ubiquitous in HR, and their potential ecological risks should not be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xue Yan
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yun Shen
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Mingxiao Di
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China.
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27
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Gong J, Ran Y, Zhang D, Chen D, Li H, Huang Y. Vertical profiles and distributions of aqueous endocrine-disrupting chemicals in different matrices from the Pearl River Delta and the influence of environmental factors. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 246:328-335. [PMID: 30557807 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and distributions of selected endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), along with related environmental factors, were investigated in two rivers and six reservoirs in the Pearl River Delta. The vertical profiles of aqueous 4-tert-octylphenol (OP), 4-nonylphenol (NP), and estrone (E1) were constant, with little change in concentration between the surface and the river bottom, while higher aqueous concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA) were found in the bottom layers of the rivers. OP and NP in suspended particulate matter (SPM) were transferred from the surface to the bed layer, ultimately accumulating in the sediment. However, the particulate profiles of BPA and E1 both featured increases from the surface to the bottom layers and attenuation in the river bed. Dissolved oxygen (DO), water temperature, and pH were negatively correlated with the EDC concentrations, and negative relationships between DO and distribution coefficient (Kd) values for OP and NP were found as well. This indicated that these environmental parameters were primarily responsible for the EDC vertical distribution and SPM-water partitioning in the rivers. Positive relationships were observed between chlorophyll a and EDCs in the particulate phase, and the algae/water Kd values for EDCs in reservoirs were comparable to the SPM/water and sediment/water Kd values from the rivers. These results suggest that algae played an important role in regulating the distribution of EDCs in surface waters. Moreover, relationships between UV absorbance and EDCs revealed that π-π interactions were among the dissolved organic carbon (DOC)-EDC binding mechanisms and that DOC fractions with higher degrees of aromaticity and humification possessed higher affinities towards EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yong Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Dainan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Diyun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Youda Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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28
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Wiest L, Baudot R, Lafay F, Bonjour E, Becouze-Lareure C, Aubin JB, Jame P, Barraud S, Kouyi GL, Sébastian C, Vulliet E. Priority substances in accumulated sediments in a stormwater detention basin from an industrial area. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:1669-1678. [PMID: 30300872 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
One of the most adopted solutions in developed countries to manage stormwater is detention/retention basins which generate large quantities of sediments that have to be removed regularly. In order to manage them properly, accurate data are needed about their physical and chemical characteristics, particularly on micropollutant concentrations and their associated risk. This work consisted in a two-year sampling of dry sediments from a detention-settling basin. Priority substances, including pesticides, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), alkylphenols and bisphenol A (BPA), were monitored. Different sites in the basin bottom were sampled in order to investigate spatial distribution of the contamination. Results show that the increase of the sediment thickness in the basin was heterogeneous with a maximum of 15 cm after two years. Pesticides and PBDE were, if detected, mainly found in low concentrations from 2 ng/g to 286 ng/g. Conversely, alkylphenols and bisphenol A were always quantified at concentrations varying from 6 ng/g to 3400 ng/g. These high levels suggest that these sediments should be managed with precautions. Spatial heterogeneity of alkylphenol ethoxylates and BPA concentrations was observed, with higher contamination of alkylphenol ethoxylates in anaerobic zones and BPA levels correlated with total organic carbon and in a lesser extent to fine particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Wiest
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Robert Baudot
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Florent Lafay
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Erik Bonjour
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | | | - Patrick Jame
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sylvie Barraud
- University of Lyon, INSA Lyon, DEEP, F-69621, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | | | - Christel Sébastian
- University of Lyon, INSA Lyon, DEEP, F-69621, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Emmanuelle Vulliet
- Univ Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
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29
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Acir IH, Guenther K. Endocrine-disrupting metabolites of alkylphenol ethoxylates - A critical review of analytical methods, environmental occurrences, toxicity, and regulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 635:1530-1546. [PMID: 29874777 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that metabolites of alkylphenol ethoxylates (APEO) are classified as hazardous substances, they continue to be released into the environment from a variety of sources and are not usually monitored. Their wide use has led to an increase in the possible exposure pathways for humans, which is cause for alarm. Moreover, there is a lack of knowledge about the behaviour of these metabolites with respect to the environment and toxicity, and their biological effects on human health. The aim of this work is to give an overview of the APEO metabolites and their analysis, occurrences and toxicity in various environmental and human samples. APEO metabolites have adverse effects on humans, wildlife, and the environment through their release into the environment. Currently, there are some reviews available on the behaviour of alkylphenols in soil, sediments, groundwater, surface water and food. However, none of these articles consider their toxicity in humans and especially their effect on the nervous and immune system. This work summarises the environmental occurrences of metabolites of APEOs in matrices, e.g. water, food and biological matrices, their effect on the immune and nervous systems, and isomer-specific issues. With that emphasis we are able to cover most common occurrences of human exposure, whether direct or indirect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail-H Acir
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Food Chemistry, Endenicher Allee 11-13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Klaus Guenther
- University of Bonn, Institute of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Food Chemistry, Endenicher Allee 11-13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
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30
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Koriem KMM, Arbid MSS. Fertaric Acid Protects from Octylphenol-Related Hepatotoxicity in Rats: Biochemical, Molecular, and Histopathological Studies. J Diet Suppl 2018; 16:152-165. [PMID: 29561242 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2018.1443190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The endocrine-disrupting chemical 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) can mimic estrogen and testosterone hormones and threaten health; fertaric acid (FA) is a hydroxycinnamic acid found in grapefruit. This study aimed to investigate whether FA has a protective effect on 4-tert-octylphenol-related hepatotoxicity. Thirty male albino rats were divided into 5 equal groups of 6 rats each as follows: control group-administrated orally with 1 ml saline 3 days/week for 4 weeks; corn oil group-administrated orally with 1 ml corn oil 3 days/week for 4 weeks; FA-treated group-administrated orally with FA (45 mg /kg body weight) dissolved in saline 3 days/week for 4 weeks; OP-treated group-administrated orally with OP (40 mg /kg body weight) dissolved in corn oil 3 days/week for 4 weeks; FA + OP-treated group-administrated orally with FA (45 mg /kg body weight) dissolved in saline 3 days/week for 4 weeks then administrated orally with OP (40 mg/kg body weight) dissolved in corn oil 3 days/week for another 4 weeks. The results obtained showed that OP-exposed rats had significant increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin, serum and liver tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β and malondialdehyde, serum interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 and significant decrease in serum alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, serum and liver superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase. OP caused an inhibitory action on the gene expression of liver proteins. Rats treated with FA before OP exposure had near-normal values. In addition, FA prevented the degradation of liver deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and DNA reformation occurred. In conclusion, FA protects from dangerous OP-related hepatic effects, and these results were supported by molecular and histological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M M Koriem
- a Department of Medical Physiology , National Research Centre , Dokki , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S S Arbid
- b Department of Pharmacology , National Research Centre , Dokki , Cairo , Egypt
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31
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Xu EG, Chan SN, Choi KW, Lee JHW, Leung KMY. Tracking major endocrine disruptors in coastal waters using an integrative approach coupling field-based study and hydrodynamic modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 233:387-394. [PMID: 29096312 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Many of the world's large coastal cities discharge partially treated wastewater effluents containing various endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) to coastal environments. Nonylphenols (NP) and bisphenol A (BPA) were found to be the most abundant EDCs in sewage effluents in Hong Kong. The environmental fate and ecological risk of these two EDCs remains largely unknown, particular for coastal systems with complex hydrodynamic flows. Based on a validated three-dimensional (3D) multiple-scale hydrodynamic model, a field-based study was conducted to track the two EDCs from potential sources to the only marine reserve in Hong Kong. The two compounds were detected in all seawater, suspended particle, and sediment samples, with higher aqueous concentrations in wet season than in dry season. High concentrations in sediments suggest sediment is a sink, posing an ecological risk to the benthos. The fate and transport of the two EDCs was predicted using a 3D near-field Lagrangian jet model seamlessly coupled with a 3D shallow water circulation model. The results suggested the NP and BPA in the marine reserve cannot be solely attributed to the nearby submarine sewage outfall, but likely concurrently contributed by other sources. This study calls for more effective measures of reducing the use and release of these EDCs, and research to investigate their impacts on the marine benthos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Genbo Xu
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; Department of Environment Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - S N Chan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - K W Choi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joseph H W Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kenneth M Y Leung
- The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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Determination of 4-nonylphenol and 4- tert -octylphenol compounds in various types of wastewater and their removal rates in different treatment processes in nine wastewater treatment plants of Iran. Chin J Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Uno S, Kokushi E, Kawano M, McElroy AE, Koyama J. Toxic evaluations of sediments in Tokyo Bay, Japan, using Japanese medaka embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:27702-27709. [PMID: 27623855 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7581-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Toxic risks of sediments collected from seven sites in Tokyo Bay were evaluated using Japanese medaka embryos. Those sediments with slight pore water were placed in grass petri dishes without overlying water. The most remarkable effect in the field sediment was to cause hatching delay in embryos, and the longest time until hatching took was 12.5 ± 1.6 days post-fertilization (dpf), although that in control group was 10.1 ± 0.7 dpf. A significant delay in hatching was observed at four sites. Because total carbon concentrations were relatively high in sediments at three of these four sites, several chemicals were expected to be residues in these sites and could cause their delay. Although extreme mortality was not observed at all sites, sediments collected from the site close to Kawasaki city induced 10 % mortality. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentrations were remarkably high at this site compared with other sites, and thus PAH toxicities could be causing the mortality. Concentration of heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc in sediments were also determined, but no clear relationship was found between toxicities to embryos and the distribution of their concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiichi Uno
- Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 50-20 Shimoarata 4-Chome, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan.
| | - Emiko Kokushi
- Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 50-20 Shimoarata 4-Chome, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Machi Kawano
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
| | - Anne E McElroy
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5000, USA
| | - Jiro Koyama
- Education and Research Center for Marine Resources and Environment, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 50-20 Shimoarata 4-Chome, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan
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Hermabessiere L, Dehaut A, Paul-Pont I, Lacroix C, Jezequel R, Soudant P, Duflos G. Occurrence and effects of plastic additives on marine environments and organisms: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 182:781-793. [PMID: 28545000 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 494] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plastics debris, especially microplastics, have been found worldwide in all marine compartments. Much research has been carried out on adsorbed pollutants on plastic pieces and hydrophobic organic compounds (HOC) associated with microplastics. However, only a few studies have focused on plastic additives. These chemicals are incorporated into plastics from which they can leach out as most of them are not chemically bound. As a consequence of plastic accumulation and fragmentation in oceans, plastic additives could represent an increasing ecotoxicological risk for marine organisms. The present work reviewed the main class of plastic additives identified in the literature, their occurrence in the marine environment, as well as their effects on and transfers to marine organisms. This work identified polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE), phthalates, nonylphenols (NP), bisphenol A (BPA) and antioxidants as the most common plastic additives found in marine environments. Moreover, transfer of these plastic additives to marine organisms has been demonstrated both in laboratory and field studies. Upcoming research focusing on the toxicity of microplastics should include these plastic additives as potential hazards for marine organisms, and a greater focus on the transport and fate of plastic additives is now required considering that these chemicals may easily leach out from plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Hermabessiere
- Anses, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Boulevard du Bassin Napoléon, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Alexandre Dehaut
- Anses, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Boulevard du Bassin Napoléon, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Ika Paul-Pont
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR6539/UBO/CNRS/IRD/IFREMER, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | | | | | - Philippe Soudant
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR6539/UBO/CNRS/IRD/IFREMER, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, Rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France
| | - Guillaume Duflos
- Anses, Laboratoire de Sécurité des Aliments, Boulevard du Bassin Napoléon, 62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France.
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Yao L, Wang L, Cheng G, Huang Q, Hu B, Lu J, Lou L. Effect of rice-straw biochar on selective biodegradation of nonylphenols in isomer specificity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:20567-20576. [PMID: 28710737 PMCID: PMC6082147 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9375-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In a previous study, we found that rice-straw biochar degraded and removed hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs) through coupled adsorption-biodegradation. However, few studies have determined whether biochar affects HOC isomer degradation and isomer-selective biodegradation or whether biochar can alter HOC isomer features, resulting in changes to HOC isomer residues in water environments. In this study, the effects of biochar at two dosages (0.001 and 0.01 g) on the biodegradation of ten isomers of a typical xenoestrogen of nonylphenol (NP) were evaluated. The results revealed that there were no effects of biochar on the adsorption of NP isomers. However, biochar addition affected the biodegradation of a specific isomer without altering the features of the NP isomers. The treatment of NP isomers with Pseudoxanthomonas sp. yielded degradation ratios ranging from 60.7 to 100%. At 0.001 g biochar treatment, the degradation of eight NP isomers was enhanced (except for NP194 and NP193a+b) due to their bulky structures. The degradation of the ten NP isomers was inhibited when 0.01 g biochar was added. These findings characterized the effects of biochar on NP isomer contaminants and provided basic information for the application of biochar for the remediation of NP isomer contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingdan Yao
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
- Innovation Service Center of Cixi, Cixi, 315302, China
| | - Lixiao Wang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Guanghuan Cheng
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science &Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Qian Huang
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Baolan Hu
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Jingrang Lu
- Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Liping Lou
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.
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Wu S, Xu H, Zhang Q, Zhang S, Shi L, Yao C, Liu Y, Cheng J. Distribution and bioaccumulation of endocrine disrupting chemicals in water, sediment and fishes in a shallow Chinese freshwater lake: Implications for ecological and human health risks. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 140:222-229. [PMID: 28267651 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence, distribution and bioaccumulation of six endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) were investigated in water, sediment and biota samples from Luoma Lake, a shallow Chinese freshwater lake. Total concentrations of ∑phenolic EDCs were much higher than ∑estrogens EDCs in both waters and sediments. There were not obvious differences on the concentrations of target compounds [except nonylphenol (NP)] in upstream, lake and downstream locations, these may be suggested that they were mainly affected by non-point discharges in this area. However, the high concentration of NP in water may be associated with the discharge of rural domestic wastewater without thorough treatment. Furthermore, concentrations of NP were about 2-3 order magnitude higher than those of OP in both water and sediment compartments. Relatively higher bioaccumulation factors (BAF) were obtained for DES and EE2. Ecological risk assessment revealed greater risk of NP in surface water, which may pose a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems. The estrogen equivalent concentration (EEQ) of male were higher than those in female, and occurred in the order of city >rural-urban>countryside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengmin Wu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No.8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Huaizhou Xu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No.8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No.8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Shenghu Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No.8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China.
| | - Lili Shi
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No.8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China.
| | - Cheng Yao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No.30 Puzhu Road(s), Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Key laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) & School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310013, China
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Diao P, Chen Q, Wang R, Sun D, Cai Z, Wu H, Duan S. Phenolic endocrine-disrupting compounds in the Pearl River Estuary: Occurrence, bioaccumulation and risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 584-585:1100-1107. [PMID: 28185731 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Three phenolic endocrine-disrupting compounds, 4-nonylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenol and bisphenol A, were determined in water, sediment and biota (fish, shrimp and mollusk) collected from sites along the Pearl River Estuary, China. The 4-nonylphenol, 4-tert-octylphenol and bisphenol A concentrations ranged from 1.20-3352.86ng/L in the water, <0.17-20.80ng/g dw in the sediment and <1.49-237.12ng/g dw in the biota. The concentrations of 4-nonylphenol were higher than those of 4-tert-octylphenol and bisphenol A in the water, sediment and organisms. Moreover, the bioconcentration factors (BCFs) and biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) of 4-nonylphenol and bisphenol A were calculated, and were found to be higher for 4-nonylphenol and in demersal organisms. To assess co-exposure to phenolic endocrine-disrupting compounds, the 4-nonylphenol equivalent was employed to evaluate the potential risks to aquatic organisms and human health, and the results indicated a low risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Diao
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, P.R. China.
| | - Qi Chen
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, P.R. China
| | - Dong Sun
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, P.R. China
| | - Zhuoping Cai
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, P.R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, P.R. China
| | - Shunshan Duan
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, P.R. China.
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Gao D, Li Z, Guan J, Liang H. Seasonal variations in the concentration and removal of nonylphenol ethoxylates from the wastewater of a sewage treatment plant. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 54:217-223. [PMID: 28391932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the occurrence and fate of nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol monoethoxylate (NP1EO) and nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO) in a full scale sewage treatment plant, which applied an Anaerobic/Oxic process. Concentrations of NP, NP1EO and NP2EO in the wastewater were measured during the period spanning a whole year. The results showed remarkable seasonal variation in the concentrations of the compounds. The NPnEO compounds were most abundant in winter, with the total concentrations of influent NP, NP1EO and NP2EO ranging from 3900 to 7000ng/L, 4000 to 4800ng/L and 5200 to 7200ng/L, respectively. Regarding the total removal efficiencies of the three types of short-chain NPnEO compounds, different trends were exhibited according to different seasons. The average removal efficiency of NP for the different seasons ranked as follows: winter>summer>autumn>spring; NP2EO concentrations decreased as follows: summer>autumn>winter>spring, while NP1EO concentrations reduced according to: spring>summer>autumn>winter. We also investigated the contribution ratio of individual treatment units in the A/O process, with the findings suggesting that the anaerobic treatment unit plays an important role in the elimination of short-chain NPnEOs from the wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawen Gao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Zhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Junxue Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hong Liang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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Bai Y, Li XY, Liu ZJ, Zhang YH. Effects of octylphenol on the expression of StAR, CYP17 and CYP19 in testis of Rana chensinensis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 51:9-15. [PMID: 28259069 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
It has been proposed that a decline in sperm quality is associated with exposure to environmental chemicals with estrogenic activity. Seeking possible explanations for this effect, this study investigated the effects of octylphenol (OP) on the synthesis of steroid hormones in amphibian. Rana chensinensis were exposed to 10-8, 10-7 and 10-6mol/L OP after 10, 20, 30 and 40 days. The cDNA fragments of StAR (274bp), CYP17 (303bp) and CYP19 (322bp) were cloned. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry revealed that positive signals of StAR, CYP17, CYP19 mRNA and proteins mainly in the Leydig cells of testes. Real-time PCR showed that up-regulation of StAR and CYP19, and down-regulation of CYP17 after exposure to 10-8, 10-7 and 10-6mol/L OP. The results suggest that OP can alter transcriptions of StAR, CYP17 and CYP19, thus disturb the expressions of StAR, P450c17 and P450arom, thereby adversely affect steroid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Bai
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an 710062, China; China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, 7 Pan Jia Yuan Nan Li, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Xin-Yi Li
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Liu
- Second Division of Beijing Armed Police Corps, Beijing 100076, China
| | - Yu-Hui Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, 199 South Chang'an Road, Xi'an 710062, China.
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Wang Z, Li R, Wu F, Feng C, Ye C, Yan C. Estrogenic compound profiles in an urbanized industry-impacted coastal bay and potential risk assessment by pollution indices and multivariative statistical methods. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2017; 114:397-407. [PMID: 27677392 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and distribution of target estrogenic compounds in a highly urbanized industry-impacted coastal bay were investigated, and contamination profiles were evaluated by estimating total estradiol equivalents (∑EEQs) and risk quotients (RQs). Phenolic compounds were the most abundant xenoestrogens, but seldom showed contribution to the ∑EEQs. The diethylstilbestrol (DES) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) were the major contributors followed by 17β-estradiol (E2) in comparison with a slight contribution from estrone (E1) and estriol (E3). Both ∑EEQs and RQs indicated likely adverse effects posed on resident organisms. Further, multivariate statistical method comprehensively revealed pollution status by visualized factor scores and identified multiple "hotspots" of estrogenic sources, demonstrating the presence of complex pollution risk gradients inside and particularly outside of bay area. Overall, this study favors the integrative utilization of pollution indices and factor analysis as powerful tool to scientifically diagnose the pollution characterization of human-derived chemicals for better management decisions in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaosheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen 361021, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chenglian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chun Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Changzhou Yan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Boulevard, Xiamen 361021, China.
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Liu YH, Zhang SH, Ji GX, Wu SM, Guo RX, Cheng J, Yan ZY, Chen JQ. Occurrence, distribution and risk assessment of suspected endocrine-disrupting chemicals in surface water and suspended particulate matter of Yangtze River (Nanjing section). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 135:90-97. [PMID: 27721125 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and distribution of eight selected endocrine-disrupting chemicals were investigated in samples of surface water and suspended particulate matter (SPM) in Nanjing section of Yangtze River over a year (the flow period, the wet period and the dry period). All target compounds were detected at least once in surface water with 4-tert-butylphenol (4-TBP), nonyphenol (NP) and bisphenol A (BPA) as the dominant compounds, with concentrations in the range of 225-1121ng/L, 1.4-858ng/L and 1.7-563ng/L, respectively. Except for December, all selected compounds for the other sampling times were not found in all sampling points. NP (mean concentration 69.8µg/g) and BPA (mean concentration 51.8µg/g) were also the dominant estrogens in SPM. In addition, the highest total compounds concentrations were found in December in both phases, which could be due to the low flow conditions and temperature during this season. Meanwhile, a significant positive correlation was found between the total compounds concentrations in the water phase and those in SPM phase. Risk assessment based on the calculated risk quotients (RQ) showed that low and moderate risk for the aquatic environment from presence of the target compounds at all sampling points with exception of 4-TBP and NP which might pose a high risk to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Hua Liu
- Key laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) & School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Sheng-Hu Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Gui-Xiang Ji
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Sheng-Min Wu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Rui-Xin Guo
- Key laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) & School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Yan
- Key laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) & School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Jian-Qiu Chen
- Key laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education) & School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Removal and Biodegradation of Nonylphenol by Four Freshwater Microalgae. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13121239. [PMID: 27983663 PMCID: PMC5201380 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13121239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The removal and biodegradation of nonylphenol (NP) by four freshwater microalgae, including three green algae (Scendesmus quadriauda, Chlorella vulgaris, and Ankistrodesmus acicularis) and one cyanobacterium (Chroococcus minutus) were studied in bacteria-free cultures exposed to different concentrations of NP for 5 days. All four algal species showed a rapid and high ability to remove NP (including bioaccumulation and biodegradation). Among these species, A. acicularis (Ankistrodesmus acicularis) had the highest NP removal rate (83.77%) at 120 h when exposed to different NP treatments (0.5–2.5 mg·L−1), followed by C. vulgaris (Chlorella vulgaris) (80.80%), S. quadriauda (Scendesmus quadriauda) (70.96%) and C. minutus (Chroococcus minutus) (64.26%). C. vulgaris had the highest NP biodegradation percentage (68.80%) at 120 h, followed by A. acicularis (65.63%), S. quadriauda (63.10%); and C. minutus (34.91%). The extracellular NP contents were lower than the intracellular NP contents in all tested algae. The ratio of the extracellular NP content and the intracellular NP content ranged from 0.04 to 0.85. Therefore, the removal of NP from the medium was mainly due to the algal degradation. These results indicate that A. acicularis and C. vulgaris are more tolerant to NP and could be used for treatment of NP contaminated aqueous systems effectively by bioremoval and biodegradation.
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Gong J, Duan D, Yang Y, Ran Y, Chen D. Seasonal variation and partitioning of endocrine disrupting chemicals in waters and sediments of the Pearl River system, South China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 219:735-741. [PMID: 27431692 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) were seasonally investigated in surface water, suspended particulate matter, and sediments of the Pearl River Delta (PRD), South China. EDC concentrations in the surface water were generally higher in the summer than in winter. The surface water in the investigated rivers was heavily contaminated by the phenolic xenoestrogens. Moreover, the in-situ log Ksoc and log Kpoc values and their regression with log Kow in the field experiments suggest that binding mechanisms other than hydrophobic interaction are present for the sedimentary organic carbon and particulate organic carbon (SOC/POC). The logKsoc-logKow and logKpoc-logKow regression analyses imply that higher complexity of nonhydrophobic interactions with EDCs is present on the SOC samples comparing with the POC samples, which is related to their different sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclide Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Safety and Protection of the Pearl River Delta Water Quality, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dandan Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yong Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Diyun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclide Pollution Control and Resources, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Safety and Protection of the Pearl River Delta Water Quality, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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44
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Xu G, Ma S, Tang L, Sun R, Xiang J, Xu B, Bao Y, Wu M. Occurrence, fate, and risk assessment of selected endocrine disrupting chemicals in wastewater treatment plants and receiving river of Shanghai, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:25442-25450. [PMID: 27699660 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7669-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and fate of five endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), including nonylphenol (NP), 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP), 4-tert-butylphenol (4-t-BP), bisphenol A (BPA) and norethindrone (NET) was investigated in four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and receiving river (Suzhou River and Yangtze River) of Shanghai. Selected EDCs in WWTPs influents ranged from 1.02 to 3560 ng L-1, which dominated by NP and BPA. Target compounds detected in effluents were from N.D. to 1136 ng L-1, with NP as most prevalent. The removal rates of target compounds varied from negative of NET to 99 % of BPA. Except of NET, efficiently removal rates (>70 %) were observed in WWTPs. Biological treatment was the major removal stage of selected EDCs in WWTPs. Furthermore, the selected EDCs were detected from N.D. to 424 ng L-1 in receiving river. The correlation analysis suggested EDCs pollution in receiving river might be mainly contributed by WWTPs effluents. The risk quotient of NP (RQ > 1) was higher than any other pollutants, indicating its relatively higher potential risk for the aquatic organism. These results will provide significant background data to future EDCs pollution control and management in Shanghai, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Sihan Ma
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Liang Tang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Rui Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jiajia Xiang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Bentuo Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yangyang Bao
- Shanghai Pudong New Area Environmental Monitoring Station, Shanghai, China
| | - Minghong Wu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shangda Road 99, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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Liu D, Liu J, Guo M, Xu H, Zhang S, Shi L, Yao C. Occurrence, distribution, and risk assessment of alkylphenols, bisphenol A, and tetrabromobisphenol A in surface water, suspended particulate matter, and sediment in Taihu Lake and its tributaries. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 112:142-150. [PMID: 27539633 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and distribution of nine selected compounds were investigated in surface water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), and sediment in Taihu Lake and its tributaries. With the exception of 4-Butylphenol, all compounds were detected in at least two phases, and nonylphenol (NP) and 4-tert-Octylphenol (4-OP) were the predominant alkylphenols (APs) in the lake. A significant correlation was observed between NP and 4-OP, indicating that they may share the same source. Moreover, surface water phase was the dominant sink of Bisphenol A (BPA) in the aquatic environment. The concentrations of BPA between the surface water and SPM phases were closely related to each other. In addition, Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) exhibited relatively higher concentrations and detection frequencies in the SPM. Risk assessment revealed greater risk associated with the surface water than the sediment, indicating that the discharge of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage poses a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(s), Nanjing 211816, China; Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Jining Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Min Guo
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Huaizhou Xu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Shenghu Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China.
| | - Lili Shi
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, No. 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, 210042 Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Yao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 Puzhu Road(s), Nanjing 211816, China.
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Launay MA, Dittmer U, Steinmetz H. Organic micropollutants discharged by combined sewer overflows - Characterisation of pollutant sources and stormwater-related processes. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 104:82-92. [PMID: 27518145 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
To characterise emissions from combined sewer overflows (CSOs) regarding organic micropollutants, a monitoring study was undertaken in an urban catchment in southwest Stuttgart, Germany. The occurrence of 69 organic micropollutants was assessed at one CSO outfall during seven rain events as well as in the sewage network at the influent of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and in the receiving water. Several pollutant groups like pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), urban biocides and pesticides, industrial chemicals, organophosphorus flame retardants, plasticisers and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were chosen for analysis. Out of the 69 monitored substances, 60 were detected in CSO discharges. The results of this study show that CSOs represent an important pathway for a wide range of organic micropollutants from wastewater systems to urban receiving waters. For most compounds detected in CSO samples, event mean concentrations varied between the different events in about one order of magnitude range. When comparing CSO concentrations with median wastewater concentrations during dry weather, two main patterns could be observed depending on the source of the pollutant: (i) wastewater is diluted by stormwater; (ii) stormwater is the most important source of a pollutant. Both wastewater and stormwater only play an important role in pollutant concentration for a few compounds. The proportion of stormwater calculated with the conductivity is a suitable indicator for the evaluation of emitted loads of dissolved wastewater pollutants, but not for all compounds. In fact, this study demonstrates that remobilisation of in-sewer deposits contributed from 10% to 65% to emissions of carbamazepine in CSO events. The contribution of stormwater to CSO emitted loads was higher than 90% for all herbicides as well as for PAHs. Regarding the priority substance di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), this contribution varied between 39% and 85%. The PAH concentrations found along the river indicate environmental risk, especially during rainfall events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie A Launay
- University of Stuttgart, Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management (ISWA), Bandtäle 2, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Dittmer
- University of Stuttgart, Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management (ISWA), Bandtäle 2, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Heidrun Steinmetz
- University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Civil Engineering, Resource Efficient Wastewater Technology, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 14, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
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Hopkins ZR, Blaney L. An aggregate analysis of personal care products in the environment: Identifying the distribution of environmentally-relevant concentrations. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 92-93:301-316. [PMID: 27128715 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 3-4 decades, per capita consumption of personal care products (PCPs) has steadily risen, resulting in increased discharge of the active and inactive ingredients present in these products into wastewater collection systems. PCPs comprise a long list of compounds employed in toothpaste, sunscreen, lotions, soaps, body washes, and insect repellants, among others. While comprehensive toxicological studies are not yet available, an increasing body of literature has shown that PCPs of all classes can impact aquatic wildlife, bacteria, and/or mammalian cells at low concentrations. Ongoing research efforts have identified PCPs in a variety of environmental compartments, including raw wastewater, wastewater effluent, surface water, wastewater solids, sediment, groundwater, and drinking water. Here, an aggregate analysis of over 5000 reported detections was conducted to better understand the distribution of environmentally-relevant PCP concentrations in, and between, these compartments. The distributions were used to identify whether aggregated environmentally-relevant concentration ranges intersected with available toxicity data. For raw wastewater, wastewater effluent, and surface water, a clear overlap was present between the 25th-75th percentiles and identified toxicity levels. This analysis suggests that improved wastewater treatment of antimicrobials, UV filters, and polycyclic musks is required to prevent negative impacts on aquatic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary R Hopkins
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, 1000 Hilltop Circle, ECS 314, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Lee Blaney
- University of Maryland Baltimore County, Department of Chemical, Biochemical and Environmental Engineering, 1000 Hilltop Circle, ECS 314, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
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48
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Graca B, Staniszewska M, Zakrzewska D, Zalewska T. Reconstruction of the pollution history of alkylphenols (4-tert-octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol) in the Baltic Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:11598-11610. [PMID: 26931663 PMCID: PMC4893076 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6262-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the reconstruction of the pollution history of 4-tert-octylphenol (OP) and 4-nonylphenol (NP) in the Baltic Sea. Alkylphenols are endocrine-disrupting compound and therefore toxic to aquatic organisms. Sediment cores were collected from regions with relatively stable sedimentation conditions. The cores were dated by the (210)Pb method. The OP and NP were determined using HPLC-FL. The highest inventory of these compounds was observed in the Gotland Deep (610 μg m(2) of NP and 47 μg m(2) of OP) and the lowest-on the slope of the Gdansk Deep (24 μg m(2) of NP and 16 μg m(2) of OP). Such spatial distribution was probably, among other factors, the result of the uplift of the sea floor. The pollution trends of OP and NP in sediments coincided with the following: (1) the beginnings of eutrophication (1960s/1970s of the twentieth century) and (2) strong increase in the areal extent and volume of hypoxia and anoxia in the Baltic (present century).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Graca
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Marta Staniszewska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378, Gdynia, Poland.
| | - Danuta Zakrzewska
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Environmental Protection, Institute of Oceanography, University of Gdansk, Al. Marszałka Piłsudskiego 46, 81-378, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Tamara Zalewska
- Institute of Meteorology and Water Management, National Research Institute, Maritime Branch, Waszyngtona Str. 42, 81-342, Gdynia, Poland
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49
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Yang L, Cheng Q, Tam NFY, Lin L, Su W, Luan T. Contributions of Abiotic and Biotic Processes to the Aerobic Removal of Phenolic Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in a Simulated Estuarine Aquatic Environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:4324-4334. [PMID: 26984110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b06196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The contributions of abiotic and biotic processes in an estuarine aquatic environment to the removal of four phenolic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) were evaluated through simulated batch reactors containing water-only or water-sediment collected from an estuary in South China. More than 90% of the free forms of all four spiked EDCs were removed from these reactors at the end of 28 days under aerobic conditions, with the half-life of 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) longer than those of propylparaben (PP), nonylphenol (NP) and 17β-estradiol (E2). The interaction with dissolved oxygen contributed to NP removal and was enhanced by aeration. The PP and E2 removal was positively influenced by adsorption on suspended particles initially, whereas abiotic transformation by estuarine-dissolved matter contributed to their complete removal. Biotic processes, including degradation by active aquatic microorganisms, had significant effects on the removal of EE2. Sedimentary inorganic and organic matter posed a positive effect only when EE2 biodegradation was inhibited. Estrone (E1), the oxidizing product of E2, was detected, proving that E2 was removed by the naturally occurring oxidizers in the estuarine water matrixes. These results revealed that the estuarine aquatic environment was effective in removing free EDCs, and the contributions of abiotic and biotic processes to their removal were compound specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology & Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong , Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Qiao Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Nora F Y Tam
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Department of Biology & Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong , Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Li Lin
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Weiqi Su
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
- South China Sea Bio-Resource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
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50
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Yang L, Cheng Q, Lin L, Wang X, Chen B, Luan T, Tam NFY. Partitions and vertical profiles of 9 endocrine disrupting chemicals in an estuarine environment: Effect of tide, particle size and salinity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 211:58-66. [PMID: 26736056 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in an estuarine water column in a depth profile of five water layers (0.05 D, 0.20 D, 0.60 D, 0.80 D and 0.90 D, D = Depth, 10.7 ± 0.7 m) and their corresponding environmental parameters (tide, salinity and particle size) were investigated over a year. Water sample from each layer was further separated into three fractions, which were dissolved, coarse (SPM-D, Φ ≥ 2.7 μm) and fine (SPM-F, 2.7 μm > Φ ≥ 0.7 μm) suspended particulate matters. Most of EDCs in the water column were presented in the dissolved fraction. Vertical profiles of salinity fluctuations showed that the upper water layer was most influenced by upstream flow. Estriol (E3), mestranol (Mes) and 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) concentrations were significantly higher in ebb tide than in flood tide, indicating that EDCs mainly came from terrestrial source, the upstream flow. Dissolved EDCs also exhibited high levels in the surface layer (0.05 D) due to the upstream source and atmosphere deposition, followed by the bottom layer (0.90 D) owing to the re-suspension of EDCs-containing sediment. Compared to the dissolved phase, the contents of BPA, Mes and EE2 in the solid phase were affected by particle size and exhibited a trend of SPM-F > SPM-D > sediment. On the other hand, the concentrations of octylphenol (OP) and t-nonylphenol (NP), the degradation products from common nonionic surfactants, in sediment were higher than those in suspended particles, and NP concentration was higher in flood tide than that in ebb tide. For both SPM-D and SPM-F, their corresponding EDCs concentrations were negatively related to SPM concentrations due to particle concentration effect (PCE). Owing to the "salting-out effect", salinity pushed EDCs from dissolved fraction to particulate or sedimentary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China; Department of Biology & Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiao Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Li Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Baowei Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
| | - Nora F Y Tam
- Department of Biology & Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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