1
|
Poddutoori PK. Advances and opportunities in Group 15 porphyrin chemistry. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:14287-14296. [PMID: 37791453 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02583g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The chemistry of Group 15 porphyrins has been established relatively well among the main-group porphyrins. Thus far phosphorus(III), phosphorus(V), arsenic(III), arsenic(V), antimony(III), antimony(V), and bismuth(III) porphyrins have been reported. Their unique axial-bonding ability, rich redox, and optical properties offer an advantage over other main-group or transition metal porphyrins. They could be excellent candidates for a variety of applications such as solar energy harvesting, molecular electronics, molecular catalysis, and biomedical applications. Despite these unique properties, the Group 15 porphyrins are not exploited at their fullest capacity. Recently, there has been some interest, where the richness of Group 15 porphyrin chemistry was explored for some of the above applications. In this context, this article summarizes recent advances in Group 15 porphyrin chemistry and attempts to unravel the tremendous opportunities of these remarkable porphyrins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth K Poddutoori
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1038 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sharma JK, Bayard BJ, Zosel N, Ali SS, Holzer N, Nesterov VN, Karr PA, D'Souza F, Poddutoori PK. Hypervalent Phosphorus(V) Porphyrins with meso-Methoxyphenyl Substituents: Significance of the Number and Position of Methoxy Groups in Promoting Intramolecular Charge Transfer. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16573-16585. [PMID: 36223643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To study the photophysical and redox properties as a function of meso-aryl units, a series of hypervalent phosphorus(V) porphyrins, PP(OMe)2·PF6, PMP(OMe)2·PF6, PDMP(OMe)2·PF6, P345TMP(OMe)2·PF6, and P246TMP(OMe)2·PF6, with phenyl (P), 4-methoxyphenyl (MP), 3,5-dimethoxyphenyl (DMP), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl (345TMP), and 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl (246TMP) units, respectively, have been synthesized. The P(+5) in the cavity makes the porphyrin ring electron-poor, whereas the methoxy groups make the meso-phenyl rings electron-rich. The presence of electron-rich and electron-poor portions within the porphyrin molecule promoted an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT). Also, the study suggests that the ICT depends on the number and position of the methoxy groups. The ICT is more prominent in m-methoxy-substituted phosphorus(V) porphyrins (PDMP(OMe)2.PF6, P345TMP(OMe)2·PF6) and almost no ICT was found in no-methoxy, o-methoxy, and/or p-methoxy phosphorus(V) porphyrins (PP(OMe)2·PF6, PMP(OMe)2·PF6, P246TMP(OMe)2·PF6). Transient absorption studies indicate that the ICT takes place on the picosecond time scale. The most striking results come from P246TMP(OMe)2·PF6, where each phenyl ring carries three methoxy units, like the P345TMP(OMe)2·PF6, but it failed to induce the ICT process. Electrochemical studies and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations were used to support the experimental results. This study extensively explores why and how slight variations in meso-aryl substitutions lead to intricate changes in the photophysical and redox properties of phosphorus(V) porphyrins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jatan K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Brandon J Bayard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Nick Zosel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Syeda S Ali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Noah Holzer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Vladimir N Nesterov
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Paul A Karr
- Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Wayne State College, 1111 Main Street, Wayne, Nebraska 68787, United States
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Prashanth K Poddutoori
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ishizuka T, Grover N, Kingsbury CJ, Kotani H, Senge MO, Kojima T. Nonplanar porphyrins: synthesis, properties, and unique functionalities. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:7560-7630. [PMID: 35959748 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00391k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins are variously substituted tetrapyrrolic macrocycles, with wide-ranging biological and chemical applications derived from metal chelation in the core and the 18π aromatic surface. Under suitable conditions, the porphyrin framework can deform significantly from regular planar shape, owing to steric overload on the porphyrin periphery or steric repulsion in the core, among other structure modulation strategies. Adopting this nonplanar porphyrin architecture allows guest molecules to interact directly with an exposed core, with guest-responsive and photoactive electronic states of the porphyrin allowing energy, information, atom and electron transfer within and between these species. This functionality can be incorporated and tuned by decoration of functional groups and electronic modifications, with individual deformation profiles adapted to specific key sensing and catalysis applications. Nonplanar porphyrins are assisting breakthroughs in molecular recognition, organo- and photoredox catalysis; simultaneously bio-inspired and distinctly synthetic, these molecules offer a new dimension in shape-responsive host-guest chemistry. In this review, we have summarized the synthetic methods and design aspects of nonplanar porphyrin formation, key properties, structure and functionality of the nonplanar aromatic framework, and the scope and utility of this emerging class towards outstanding scientific, industrial and environmental issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Ishizuka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Nitika Grover
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Christopher J Kingsbury
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Hiroaki Kotani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
| | - Mathias O Senge
- Institute for Advanced Study (TUM-IAS), Technical University of Munich, Focus Group - Molecular and Interfacial Engineering of Organic Nanosystems, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba and CREST (JST), 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ivanova SS, Salnikov DS, Knorr G, Ledovich O, Sliznev V, Kubat P, Novakova V, Stuzhin PA. Water-soluble sulfonated phosphorus(V) corrolazines and porphyrazines: the effect of macrocycle contraction and pyrazine ring fusion on spectral, acid-base and photophysical properties. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:1364-1377. [PMID: 34935016 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02453a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel water-soluble dihydroxophosphorus(V) complexes of sulphophenyl substituted porphyrazine (6), corrolazine (7) and its pyrazine fused derivative (8) were prepared and their spectral, acid-base and photophysical properties in aqueous solutions were studied. Due to the presence of eight SO3H groups, the compounds were fully monomeric (7 and 8) or only slightly aggregated (6) in water. Spectrophotometric titration revealed that the two stage deprotonation of axially bonded hydroxy groups can be achieved for porphyrazine 6 (pKa1 = 5.62, pKa2 = 9.13) and pyrazine fused corrolazine 8 (pKa1 = 6.5, pKa2 = 11.7), while only the first dissociation stage could be observed for corrolazine 7 (pKa1 = 9.94). The fluorescence emission of the corrolazines 7, 8 and especially porphyrazine 6 was low in water (ΦF = 0.086, 0.18, and 0.014, respectively) and completely quenched under basic conditions due to photoinduced electron transfer. In comparison with porphyrazine 6, the contraction of the macrocycle in the corrolazines 7 and 8 induced significant improvement of singlet oxygen production in water reaching values of ΦΔ = 0.56 and 0.43, respectively, which makes the corrolazines promising photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. The observed evolution of the electronic absorption spectra and fluorescence quenching observed in a basic medium was explained using the model DFT calculations (cc-pvtz basis set) performed for the dihydroxophosphorus(V) complexes of unsubstituted porphyrazine and corrolazine and their mono- and doubly deprotonated forms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana S Ivanova
- Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia.
| | - Denis S Salnikov
- Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia.
| | - Gleb Knorr
- Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia.
| | - Olesja Ledovich
- Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia.
| | - Valerij Sliznev
- Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia.
| | - Pavel Kubat
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Novakova
- Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, 500 05 Czech Republic
| | - Pavel A Stuzhin
- Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Poddutoori PK, Bayard BJ, Holzer N, Seetharaman S, Zarrabi N, Weidner N, Karr PA, D'Souza F. Rational Design and Synthesis of OEP and TPP Centered Phosphorus(V) Porphyrin-Naphthalene Conjugates: Triplet Formation via Rapid Charge Recombination. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:17952-17965. [PMID: 34797977 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Six new "axial-bonding" type "phosphorus(V) porphyrin-naphthalene" conjugates have been prepared consisting of octaethylporphyrinatophosphorus(V) (POEP+)/tetraphenylporphyrinatophosphorus(V) (PTPP+) and naphthalene (NP). The distance between the porphyrin and NP was systematically varied using polyether bridges. The unique structural topology of the octaethylporphyrinatophosphorus(V) (POEP+) and tetraphenylporphyrinatophosphorus(V) (PTPP+) enabled construction of mono- and disubstituted phosphorus(V) porphyrin-naphthalene conjugates, respectively. The steady-state and transient spectral properties were investigated as a function of redox properties, distance, and molecular topology. Strong electronic interactions between the phosphorus(V) porphyrin and NP in directly bound conjugates were observed. The established energy diagrams predicted reductive electron transfer involving singlet excited phosphorus(V) porphyrin and NP to generate high-energy (∼1.83-2.11 eV) charge-separated states (POEP/PTPP)•-(NP)•+. Femtosecond transient absorption spectral studies revealed rapid deactivation of singlet excited phosphorus(V) porphyrin due to charge separation wherein the estimated forward rate constants were in the range of 109-1010 s-1 and were dependent on the distance between the NP and porphyrins units, as well as the redox potentials of the type of the phosphorus(V) porphyrin. Additionally, due to high exothermicity and low-lying triplet states, the charge recombination process was found to be rapid, leading to populating the triplet states of phosphorus(V) porphyrins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth K Poddutoori
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Brandon J Bayard
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Noah Holzer
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Sairaman Seetharaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Niloofar Zarrabi
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, 1039 University Drive, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Nathan Weidner
- Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Wayne State College, 111 Main Street, Wayne, Nebraska 68787, United States
| | - Paul A Karr
- Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Wayne State College, 111 Main Street, Wayne, Nebraska 68787, United States
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Excited state dynamics and electron transfer in a phosphorus(V) porphyrin – TEMPO conjugate. J CHEM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-021-01925-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
7
|
|
8
|
Furuyama T, Maeda K, Maeda H, Segi M. Chemoselective Synthesis of Aryloxy-Substituted Phthalocyanines. J Org Chem 2019; 84:14306-14312. [PMID: 31599149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of the first examples of 8-fold α-aryloxy-substituted phthalocyanines is described. 3,6-Diiodophthalonitrile was used as a precursor for a series of 3,6-aryloxy-substituted phthalonitriles, and a lead-mediated macrocyclization was employed to afford the corresponding free-base phthalocyanine complexes. The optical, electrochemical, and aggregation properties of these complexes can be tuned by varying the substituents on the aryloxy groups or by changing the pH value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taniyuki Furuyama
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192 , Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)-PRESTO , 4-1-8 Honcho , Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012 , Japan
| | - Kazuya Maeda
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192 , Japan
| | - Hajime Maeda
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192 , Japan
| | - Masahito Segi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology , Kanazawa University , Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Furuyama T, Okujima T, Muramatsu K, Takahashi Y, Mikami A, Fukumura T, Mori S, Nakae T, Takase M, Uno H, Kobayashi N. Synthesis, Structural and Optical Properties of Tetrabenzoporphyrin Complexes Bearing Four or Eight Peripheral Phenyl Groups. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taniyuki Furuyama
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology; Kanazawa University; Kakuma-machi Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Tetsuo Okujima
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Kota Muramatsu
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Yuichi Takahashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Akihiro Mikami
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Tomoteru Fukumura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Takahiro Nakae
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takase
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Hidemitsu Uno
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering; Ehime University; Matsuyama 790-8577 Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science; Tohoku University; Sendai 980-8578 Japan
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhan C, Han Z, Patrick BO, Gates DP. 2-Aminophenolate ligands for phosphorus(v): a lithium salt featuring the chiral [P(OC 6H 4NR) 3] - anion. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12118-12129. [PMID: 30065977 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02522c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoranes P(OC6H4NR)2(OC6H4NHR) [R = Me (2a), Ph (2b), C6F5 (2c)] were synthesized by treating PCl5 with the respective 2-aminophenol derivative (1a-c, 3.1 equiv.). In one instance, an intermediate species, P(OC6H4NR)2Cl [R = Me (3a)], was isolated and structurally characterized. Deprotonation of the amine moieties (-NH[combining low line]R) in phosphoranes 2a and 2b with a strong alkali-metal base (e.g. n-BuLi) in the presence of a strong-donor solvent (e.g. THF) afforded salts composed of the hexacoordinate P(v)-anions [P(OC6H4NR)3]- (R = Me, [4a]-; Ph, [4b]-). Employing precursor 2a, the salt Li(THF)3fac-[4a]- was isolated. The X-ray crystal of each enantiomer of [4a]- was determined and, to our knowledge, represents the first structurally characterized example of a salt containing a hexacoordinate P(v)N3O3 anion featuring P(v)-N bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuantian Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, CanadaV6T 1Z1.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kimura T, Muraoka H, Nakajo S, Ogawa S, Yamamoto S, Kobayashi N. Preparation and Optical and Electrochemical Properties of Phthalocyanines with Four or Eight Diphenylphosphino, Diphenylphosphoryl, and Diphenylthiophosphinyl Groups. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kimura
- Center for Instrumental Analysis; Iwate University; 020-8551 Morioka Japan
| | - Hiroki Muraoka
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Iwate University; 020-8551 Morioka Japan
| | - Shiduko Nakajo
- Center for Instrumental Analysis; Iwate University; 020-8551 Morioka Japan
| | - Satoshi Ogawa
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering; Faculty of Science and Engineering; Iwate University; 020-8551 Morioka Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamamoto
- Division of Chemistry and Materials; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Division of Chemistry and Materials; Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda 386-8567 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abe M, Mukotaka H, Fujioka T, Okawara T, Umegaki K, Ono T, Hisaeda Y. First entry into nonmetal-centred porphycenes: synthesis of a phosphorus(v) complex of octaethylporphycene. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:2487-2491. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt04471b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first synthesis and structural characterization of a phosphorus(v) complex of porphycene, a constitutional isomer of porphyrin, are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Abe
- Graduate School of Material Science
- University of Hyogo
- Hyogo 678-1297
- Japan
| | - Hiroto Mukotaka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Taro Fujioka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Toru Okawara
- Department of Creative Engineering
- National Institute of Technology
- Kitakyushu College
- Kokuraminami-ku, Kitakyushu 802-0985
- Japan
| | - Kei Umegaki
- Graduate School of Material Science
- University of Hyogo
- Hyogo 678-1297
- Japan
| | - Toshikazu Ono
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| | - Yoshio Hisaeda
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Kyushu University
- Fukuoka 819-0395
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Furuyama T, Kobayashi N. Azaporphyrin phosphorus(v) complexes: synthesis, structure, and modification of optical properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:15596-15612. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02155k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Azaporphyrinoids, such as phthalocyanines (Pcs), tetraazaporphyrins (TAPs), and tetrabenzotriazacorroles (TBCs), are some of the most well-known and successful artificial dyes and pigments in modern material chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taniyuki Furuyama
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology
- Kanazawa University
- Kakuma-machi
- Japan
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578
- Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Furuyama T, Sugiyab Y, Yoshidab T, Kobayashi N. Synthesis of meta-methoxyphenyl substituted tetraazaporphyrin and corrolazine phosphorus(V) complexes. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424616500619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Octa-(meta-methoxyphenyl) substituted tetraazaporphyrin (TAP, 1) and corrolazine (Cor, 4) phosphorus(V) complexes have been synthesized and characterized. 1 has a blue-shifted, small charge transfer (CT) band while para-methoxyphenyl substituted PTAP 2 has a red-shifted, intense CT band. The difference could be interpreted as an inductive effect of the meta-methoxy groups. The position and intensity of the absorption bands of 1 are well matched to the trend of para-substituted PTAPs. The synthesis of PCor from free-base TAP was also investigated. The PCor was not generated directly but from a PTAP intermediate
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taniyuki Furuyama
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sugiyab
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takuya Yoshidab
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Tokida, Ueda 386-8567, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Poddutoori PK, Lim GN, Pilkington M, D’Souza F, van der Est A. Phosphorus(V) Porphyrin-Manganese(II) Terpyridine Conjugates: Synthesis, Spectroscopy, and Photo-Oxidation Studies on a SnO2 Surface. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:11383-11395. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth K. Poddutoori
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812
Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Gary N. Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 11555
Union Circle, 305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Melanie Pilkington
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812
Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Francis D’Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 11555
Union Circle, 305070, Denton, Texas 76203-5017, United States
| | - Art van der Est
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812
Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Meshkov IN, Bulach V, Gorbunova YG, Kyritsakas N, Grigoriev MS, Tsivadze AY, Hosseini MW. Phosphorus(V) Porphyrin-Based Molecular Turnstiles. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:10774-10782. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan N. Meshkov
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory, UMR UDS-CNRS, 7140 & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
- Frumkin Institute of Physical
Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, Moscow, 119071 Russia
| | - Véronique Bulach
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory, UMR UDS-CNRS, 7140 & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yulia G. Gorbunova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical
Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, Moscow, 119071 Russia
- Kurnakov Institute
of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Nathalie Kyritsakas
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory, UMR UDS-CNRS, 7140 & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mikhail S. Grigoriev
- Frumkin Institute of Physical
Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, Moscow, 119071 Russia
| | - Aslan Yu. Tsivadze
- Frumkin Institute of Physical
Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31-4, Moscow, 119071 Russia
- Kurnakov Institute
of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Mir Wais Hosseini
- Molecular Tectonics Laboratory, UMR UDS-CNRS, 7140 & icFRC, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang XF. Tetrabenzotriazacorrole: Its synthesis, reactivity, physical properties, and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
18
|
Furuyama T, Kobayashi N. Design, Synthesis, and Properties of Azaporphyrin Phosphorus Complexes. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2015. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.73.833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
19
|
Ivanova SS, Moryganova Y, Hamdoush M, Koifman OI, Sal'nikov DS, Stuzhin PA. Phosphorus(V) tetrapyrazinocorrolazines — first corrolazine derivatives with fused heterocyclic rings. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424614500679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Tetrapyrazinocorrolazines — first corrolazine derivatives with annulated heterocycles — have been prepared as phosphorus(V) complexes by the reaction of metal free tetrapyrazinoporphyrazines [( R 8 TPyzPA ) H 2] (R = Ph, Me) with phosphorus(III) chloride or bromide in pyridine. Oxophosphorus(V) complexes [( R 8 TPyzCA ) P = O ] were obtained when the reaction mixture was poured into water, while dilution with methanol leads to dimethoxyphosphorus(V) complexes [( R 8 TPyzCA ) P ( OMe )2]. The obtained compounds were characterized by MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry and by IR, 1 H , 31 P NMR measurements. Their UV-vis spectral and basic properties in CH 2 Cl 2– CF 3 COOH medium were studied in comparison to phosphorus(V) complex of octaphenylcorrolazine [( Ph 8 CA ) P = O ].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana S. Ivanova
- Research Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Yulia Moryganova
- Research Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Mahmoud Hamdoush
- Research Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Oscar I. Koifman
- Research Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Denis S. Sal'nikov
- Research Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Pavel A. Stuzhin
- Research Institute of Macroheterocycles, Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ryan AA, Ebrahim MM, Petitdemange R, Vaz GM, Paszko E, Sergeeva NN, Senge MO. Lead structures for applications in photodynamic therapy. 5. Synthesis and biological evaluation of water soluble phosphorus(V) 5,10,15,20-tetraalkylporphyrins for PDT. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2014; 11:510-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
21
|
Pawlicki M, Kędzia A, Bykowski D, Latos-Grażyński L. Reversible Reduction of Oxatriphyrin(3.1.1)-Adjusting the Coordination Abilities to the Central Ion. Chemistry 2014; 20:17500-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
22
|
Furuyama T, Asai M, Kobayashi N. Control of absorption properties of tetraazaporphyrin group 15 complexes by modification of their axial ligands. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:15101-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc07408d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first example of “stimuli-responsive” tetraazaporphyrin (TAP) group 15 complexes has been prepared. Optical properties of TAPs can be switched across the entire UV-vis region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taniyuki Furuyama
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Asai
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Furuyama T, Sugiya Y, Kobayashi N. Synthesis of a tetrabenzotriazacorrole μ-oxo dimer and investigation of its stacking effect. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:4312-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01115e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A μ-oxo dimer of phosphorus(v) tetrabenzotriazacorrole (PTBC) has been synthesized and characterized for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taniyuki Furuyama
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yusuke Sugiya
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry
- Graduate School of Science
- Tohoku University
- Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Thomas KE, Alemayehu AB, Conradie J, Beavers CM, Ghosh A. The structural chemistry of metallocorroles: combined X-ray crystallography and quantum chemistry studies afford unique insights. Acc Chem Res 2012; 45:1203-14. [PMID: 22444488 DOI: 10.1021/ar200292d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although they share some superficial structural similarities with porphyrins, corroles, trianionic ligands with contracted cores, give rise to fundamentally different transition metal complexes in comparison with the dianionic porphyrins. Many metallocorroles are formally high-valent, although a good fraction of them are also noninnocent, with significant corrole radical character. These electronic-structural characteristics result in a variety of fascinating spectroscopic behavior, including highly characteristic, paramagnetically shifted NMR spectra and textbook cases of charge-transfer spectra. Although our early research on corroles focused on spectroscopy, we soon learned that the geometric structures of metallocorroles provide a fascinating window into their electronic-structural characteristics. Thus, we used X-ray structure determinations and quantum chemical studies, chiefly using DFT, to obtain a comprehensive understanding of metallocorrole geometric and electronic structures. This Account describes our studies of the structural chemistry of metallocorroles. At first blush, the planar or mildly domed structure of metallocorroles might appear somewhat uninteresting particularly when compared to metalloporphyrins. Metalloporphyrins, especially sterically hindered ones, are routinely ruffled or saddled, but the missing meso carbon apparently makes the corrole skeleton much more resistant to nonplanar distortions. Ruffling, where the pyrrole rings are alternately twisted about the M-N bonds, is energetically impossible for metallocorroles. Saddling is also uncommon; thus, a number of sterically hindered, fully substituted metallocorroles exhibit almost perfectly planar macrocycle cores. Against this backdrop, copper corroles stand out as an important exception. As a result of an energetically favorable Cu(d(x2-y2))-corrole(π) orbital interaction, copper corroles, even sterically unhindered ones, are inherently saddled. Sterically hindered substituents accentuate this effect, sometimes dramatically. Thus, a crystal structure of a copper β-octakis(trifluoromethyl)-meso-triarylcorrole complex exhibits nearly orthogonal, adjacent pyrrole rings. Intriguingly, the formally isoelectronic silver and gold corroles are much less saddled than their copper congeners because the high orbital energy of the valence d(x2-y2) orbital discourages overlap with the corrole π orbital. A crystal structure of a gold β-octakis(trifluoromethyl)-meso-triarylcorrole complex exhibits a perfectly planar corrole core, which translates to a difference of 85° in the saddling dihedral angles between analogous copper and gold complexes. Gratifyingly, electrochemical, spectroscopic, and quantum chemical studies provide a coherent, theoretical underpinning for these fascinating structural phenomena. With the development of facile one-pot syntheses of corrole macrocycles in the last 10-15 years, corroles are now almost as readily accessible as porphyrins. Like porphyrins, corroles are promising building blocks for supramolecular constructs such as liquid crystals and metal-organic frameworks. However, because of their symmetry properties, corrole-based supramolecular constructs will probably differ substantially from porphyrin-based ones. We are particularly interested in exploiting the inherently saddled, chiral architectures of copper corroles to create novel oriented materials such as chiral liquid crystals. We trust that the fundamental structural principles uncovered in this Account will prove useful as we explore these fascinating avenues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kolle E. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Abraham B. Alemayehu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jeanet Conradie
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, 9300 Bloemfontein, Republic of South Africa
| | - Christine M. Beavers
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-8229, United States
| | - Abhik Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Brothers PJ. Recent developments in the coordination chemistry of porphyrin complexes containing non-metallic and semi-metallic elements. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424602000294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the chemistry of main group porphyrin complexes are surveyed. New, unprecedented structural types for porphyrin complexes which have been revealed from the recent reports of boron and tellurium porphyrins are described. Advances in the preparation and reactivity of Group 14 (silicon and tin) and Group 15 porphyrin complexes are discussed. A systematic variation in the out-of-plane distortion (ruffling) of light element Group 14 and 15 porphyrin complexes has become apparent now that a significant number of structurally characterized examples are at hand.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Penelope J. Brothers
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kadish KM, Ou Z, Tan X, Satoh W, Yamamoto Y, Akiba KY. Electrochemistry and spectral characterization of arsenic porphyrins with σ-bonded axial ligands: X-ray crystallographic analysis of [(OEP)As(F)2]+PF6−, [(OEP)As(CH3)(OCH3)]+ClO4− and [(OEP)As(C2H5)2]+PF6−. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424602000385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemistry of nine arsenic(V) octaethylporphyrins is reported in benzonitrile or dichloromethane containing 0.1 M tetra-n-butylammonium perchlorate as supporting electrolyte and the results compared to data for phosphorus and antimony porphyrins containing a similar set of σ-bonded and/or anionic axial ligands. The investigated compounds are divided into three groups based on the nature of the axial ligands and are represented as [( OEP ) As ( R )( R ')]+ (group I), [( OEP ) As ( R )( X )]+ (group II) and [( OEP ) As ( F )2]+ (group III) where R and R’ = CH 3 or C 2 H 5, X = OH −, OCH 3−, OC 2 H 5−, OC 3 H 7− or NHC 4 H 9− and OEP = the dianion of octaethylporphyrin. Each compound was characterized in its neutral, oxidized and reduced form by UV-visible and ESR spectroscopy. An X-ray crystallographic analysis of [( OEP ) As ( F )2]+ PF 6−, [( OEP ) As ( CH 3)( OCH 3)]+ ClO 4− and [( OEP ) As ( C 2 H 5)2]+ PF 6− is also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karl M. Kadish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77024-5003, USA
| | - Zhongping Ou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77024-5003, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Tan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77024-5003, USA
| | - Wataru Satoh
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Kin-ya Akiba
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Poddutoori PK, Dion A, Yang S, Pilkington M, Wallis JD, van der Est A. Light-induced hole transfer in a hypervalent phosphorus(V) octaethylporphyrin bearing an axially linked bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842461000191x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A phosphorus(V) porphyrin bearing an axially linked bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene, dyad 1, and its radical cation phosphorus(V) porphyrin- O-CH2 -(bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene)+•, dyad 2, have been synthesized and studied as an electron hole donor-acceptor system. The absorption spectrum of dyad 1 does not show evidence for electronic coupling between the porphyrin and the bis(ethylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene (BEDT-TTF) moieties. However, the steady-state fluorescence of the porphyrin chromophore is quantitatively quenched and its transient fluorescence lifetime is shortened compared to a reference compound in which the BEDT-TTF moiety is replaced by a methoxy group. Chemical oxidation of the BEDT-TTF moiety in dyad 1 to give dyad 2 results in recovery of the fluorescence intensity. This behavior suggests that the fluorescence quenching in dyad 1 is the result of intramolecular hole transfer from the the excited porphyrin to the BEDT-TTF moiety. The occurence of hole transfer in dyad 1 is confirmed by freeze-trapping and time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. The freeze-trapping EPR experiments show that steady-state irradiation of the complex leads to accumulation of its radical cation (dyad 2) while the transient EPR measurements at 5 °C show that flash irradiation of dyad 1 results in formation of a radical-ion pair with a lifetime of at least 300 ns. The triplet state of the porphyrin, which is formed by intersystem crossing and gives a strong transient EPR spectrum in the reference compound, is not observed for dyad 1. Together, the fluorescence quenching and the polarization pattern of the radical pair suggest that the hole transfer occurs from the excited singlet state of the porphyrin with high efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth K. Poddutoori
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Ave., St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Ann Dion
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Ave., St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Songjie Yang
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Melanie Pilkington
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Ave., St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - John D. Wallis
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS, United Kingdom
| | - Art van der Est
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Ave., St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kobayashi N, Furuyama T, Satoh K. Rationally Designed Phthalocyanines Having Their Main Absorption Band beyond 1000 nm. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:19642-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja208481q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Taniyuki Furuyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Koh Satoh
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bezgubenko LV, Pipko SE, Sinitsa AD. Complexes of phosphorus halides with two or more coordination bonds. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363211080056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
30
|
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P. Vaid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama, Shelby Hall, 250 Hackberry Lane, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kepenekian M, Vetere V, Le Guennic B, Maldivi P, Robert V. A New Route towards Redox Bistability through the Inspection of Manganese-Porphyrin Complexes. Chemistry 2011; 17:12045-50. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
32
|
Akiba KY. Studies on hypervalent compounds and synthetic work using heteroaromatic cations. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.20726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
33
|
Kojima S, Nakamoto M, Matsukawa S, Akiba KY. Stereomutation of a diastereomeric pair of 10-P-5 hydroxyphosphoranes. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.20712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
34
|
Yamamoto Y, Hirata Y, Kodama M, Yamaguchi T, Matsukawa S, Akiba KY, Hashizume D, Iwasaki F, Muranaka A, Uchiyama M, Chen P, Kadish KM, Kobayashi N. Synthesis, Reactions, and Electronic Properties of 16 π-Electron Octaisobutyltetraphenylporphyrin. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:12627-38. [DOI: 10.1021/ja102817a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yohsuke Yamamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| | - Yusuke Hirata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| | - Megumi Kodama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| | - Torahiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| | - Shiro Matsukawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| | - Kin-ya Akiba
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| | - Fujiko Iwasaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| | - Atsuya Muranaka
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| | - Karl M. Kadish
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| | - Nagao Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan, Advanced Research Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan, Molecular Characterization Team and Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physics and Chemistry Research, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan, X-ray Laboratory, Rigaku Corporation, 3-9-12, Matsubaracho, Akishima, Tokyo 195-8666,
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Młodzianowska A, Latos-Grażyński L, Szterenberg L. Phosphorus Complexes ofN-Fused Porphyrin and Its Reduced Derivatives: New Isomers of Porphyrin Stabilized via Coordination. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:6364-74. [DOI: 10.1021/ic800437y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
36
|
Borgström M, Blart E, Boschloo G, Mukhtar E, Hagfeldt A, Hammarström L, Odobel F. Sensitized Hole Injection of Phosphorus Porphyrin into NiO: Toward New Photovoltaic Devices. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:22928-34. [PMID: 16853987 DOI: 10.1021/jp054034a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the preparation and the characterization of a photovoltaic cell based on the sensitization of a wide band gap p-type semiconductor (NiO) with a phosphorus porphyrin. A photophysical study with femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy showed that light excitation of the phosphorus porphyrin chemisorbed on NiO particles induces a very rapid interfacial hole injection into the valence band of NiO, occurring mainly on the 2-20 ps time scale. This is followed by a recombination in which ca. 80% of the ground-state reactants are regenerated within 1 ns. A photoelectrochemical device, prepared with a nanocrystalline NiO electrode coated with the phosphorus porphyrin, yields a cathodic photocurrent indicating that electrons indeed flow from the NiO electrode toward the solution. The low incident-to-photocurrent efficiency (IPCE) can be rationalized by the rapid back recombination reaction between the reduced sensitizer and the injected hole which prevents an efficient regeneration of the sensitizer ground state from the iodide/triiodide redox mediator. To the best of our knowledge, this work represents the first example of a photovoltaic cell in which a mechanism of hole photoinjection has been characterized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Borgström
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 579, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Cissell JA, Vaid TP, Rheingold AL. An Antiaromatic Porphyrin Complex: Tetraphenylporphyrinato(silicon)(L)2 (L = THF or Pyridine). J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:12212-3. [PMID: 16131185 DOI: 10.1021/ja0544713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of Si(TPP)Cl2 (TPP = tetraphenylporphyrinato) with 2 equiv of Na/Hg in THF yields the reduced porphyrin complex, Si(TPP)(THF)2, in which the porphyrin ring system has an oxidation state of 4- and the complex is antiaromatic. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that Si(TPP)(THF)2 is highly ruffled and exhibits a unique C-C bond length alternation around its periphery. In addition, experimental 1H and 29Si NMR chemical shifts and NICS (nucleus-independent chemical shift) calculations on a model compound indicate a strong paratropic ring current in Si(TPP).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Cissell
- Center for Materials Innovation and Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fox JP, Goldberg DP. Octalkoxy-Substituted Phosphorus(V) Triazatetrabenzcorroles via Ring Contraction of Phthalocyanine Precursors. Inorg Chem 2003; 42:8181-91. [PMID: 14658868 DOI: 10.1021/ic034792k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As part of efforts toward developing the synthesis of novel corrole analogues, the new triazatetrabenzcorrole (TBC) phosphorus(V) compounds (BuO)8(TBC)P(OCH3)2 (3), [(BuO)8(TBC)P(OH)]+OH- (4) ((BuO)8TBC=3,6,10,13,17,20,24,27-octabutoxytriazatetrabenzcorrolate), and [(BuO)8Cl8(TBC)P(OH)]+OH- (7) ((BuO)8Cl8TBC=3,6,10,13,17,20,24,27-octabutoxy-4,5,11,12,18,19,25,26-octachlorotriazatetrabenzcorrolate) were prepared. These TBCs were synthesized via a ring-contraction reaction mediated by PBr3 in pyridine in which a meso-nitrogen atom is extruded from an appropriate phthalocyanine precursor. Two of the compounds prepared, 3 and 4, are contracted analogues of the parent phthalocyanine (BuO8)PcH2 (1) 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octabutoxy-29H,31H-phthalocyanine, which has been shown for the first time to be susceptible to ring-contraction despite the potential steric crowding imposed by the butoxy substituents. Likewise, the octachloro-substituted (BuO8)Cl8PcH2 (6), 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octabutoxy-2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octachlorophthalocyanine, has also been shown to smoothly afford 7 via the same ring-contraction method. In addition, a rare example of a bona fide phosphorus(V) phthalocyanine, [(BuO)8(Pc)P(OCH3)2]+OH- (2), has been prepared for spectroscopic comparisons with the TBC compounds. These molecules are all extremely soluble in common organic solvents because of the octabutoxy substituents and have been characterized in detail by 1H NMR, 31P NMR, UV-vis, MALDI-MS, elemental analysis, and electrochemical studies. A clear trend in the phosphorus chemical shifts for 5 versus 6 coordination has been delineated: 31P NMR for 2, -179.8; 3, -186.1; 4, -105.1; and 7, -105.1. These data are compared to the 31P chemical shifts for related porphyrinoid(P(V)) molecules. The MALDI-MS data reveal the tendency of the TBC macrocycles to ionize as the radical cations (M(+*)) and has been useful in determining the axial ligands at phosphorus. A consequence of ring-contraction is reflected in the dramatic red-shifts (approximately 200 nm) observed for the Soret bands of the TBC compounds relative to the parent phthalocyanines. The magnitude of the red-shift is much greater than that reported for other TBCs. In addition, insertion of phosphorus causes a large red-shift in the Q-band of 2 found at 889 nm compared to 760 nm for 1. Cyclic voltammetry of the compounds in this study reveals multiple oxidation and reduction waves for each compound, and some interesting trends in redox potentials have been observed. The CV data for the octachloro-substituted compounds 6 and 7 show that the Cl substituents have an expected strong electron-withdrawing effect on the macrocycles. In general, the TBC compounds are significantly easier to oxidize and harder to reduce than the Pc counterparts, supporting the notion that corrole-type macrocycles favor higher oxidation states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Fox
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Sase S, Kano N, Kawashima T. Fluoride Ion Abstraction of Phosphonium Cations from Their Counter Anion: A Novel Synthetic Method of Fluorophosphoranes. CHEM LETT 2002. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2002.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|