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Liu B, Yang X, Jabed M, Kilina S, Yang Z, Sun W. Water-soluble dinuclear iridium(III) and ruthenium(II) bis-terdentate complexes: photophysics and electrochemiluminescence. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:13858-13866. [PMID: 36040117 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02104h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, photophysics, and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of four water-soluble dinuclear Ir(III) and Ru(II) complexes (1-4) terminally-capped by 4'-phenyl-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine (tpy) or 1,3-di(pyrid-2-yl)-4,6-dimethylbenzene (N^C^N) ligands and linked by a 2,7-bis(2,2':6',2''-terpyridyl)fluorene with oligoether chains on C9 are reported. The impact of the tpy or N^C^N ligands and metal centers on the photophysical properties of 1-4 was assessed by spectroscopic methods including UV-vis absorption, emission, and transient absorption, and by time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. These complexes exhibited distinct singlet and triplet excited-state properties upon variation of the terminal-capping terdentate ligands and the metal centers. The ECL properties of complexes 1-3 with better water solubility were investigated in neutral phosphate buffer solutions (PBS) by adding tripropylamine (TPA) as a co-reactant, and the observed ECL intensity followed the descending order of 3 > 1 > 2. Complex 3 bearing the [Ru(tpy)2]2+ units displayed more pronounced ECL signals, giving its analogues great potential for further ECL study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA.
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Mohammed Jabed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA.
| | - Svetlana Kilina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA.
| | - Zhengchun Yang
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P. R. China.
| | - Wenfang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA.
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2
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Chirdon DN, Kelley SP, Hazari N, Bernskoetter WH. Comparative Coordination Chemistry of PNP and SNS Pincer Ruthenium Complexes. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Danielle N. Chirdon
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Steven P. Kelley
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
| | - Nilay Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Wesley H. Bernskoetter
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
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3
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Takizawa SY, Katoh S, Okazawa A, Ikuta N, Matsushima S, Zeng F, Murata S. Triplet Excited States Modulated by Push-Pull Substituents in Monocyclometalated Iridium(III) Photosensitizers. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:4891-4903. [PMID: 33715380 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel monocyclometalated [Ir(tpy)(btp)Cl]+ complexes (Ir2-Ir5) were synthesized using 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (tpy) and 2-(2-pyridyl)benzo[b]thiophene (btp) ligands, as well as their derivatives bearing electron-donating tert-butyl (t-Bu) and electron-withdrawing trifluoromethyl (CF3) groups. Ir2-Ir5 exhibited visible-light absorption stronger than that of the known complex [Ir(tpy)(ppy)Cl]+ (Ir1; ppy = 2-phenylpyridine). Spectroscopic and computational studies revealed that two triplet states were involved in the excited-state dynamics. One is a weakly emissive and short-lived ligand to ligand charge-transfer (LLCT) state originating from the charge transfer from the btp to the tpy ligand. The other is a highly emissive and long-lived ligand-centered (LC) state localized on the btp ligand. Interestingly, the excited state dominant with 3LLCT was completely changed to the 3LC state upon the introduction of substituents on both the tpy and btp ligands. For instance, the excited state of the parent complex Ir2 was weakly emissive (Φ = 2%) and short-lived (τ = 110 ns) in CH2Cl2; conversely, Ir5, fully furnished with t-Bu and CF3 groups, displayed intense phosphorescence with a prolonged lifetime (τ = 14 μs). This difference became increasingly prominent when the solvent was changed to aqueous CH3CN, most probably due to the 3LLCT stabilization. The predominant excited-state nature was switchable between the 3LLCT and 3LC states depending on the substituents employed; this was demonstrated through investigations of Ir3 and Ir4, bearing either the t-Bu or the CF3 group, where the complexes exhibited properties intermediate between those of Ir2 and Ir5. All of the Ir(III) complexes were tested as photosensitizers in photocatalytic H2 evolution over a Co molecular catalyst, and Ir5 outperformed the others, including Ir1, due to improvement in the following key properties: visible-light-absorption ability, excited-state lifetime, and reductive power of the one-electron-reduced species against the catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ya Takizawa
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Sora Katoh
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okazawa
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Naoya Ikuta
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Satoko Matsushima
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Fanyang Zeng
- Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shigeru Murata
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
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4
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Motz RN, Lopato EM, Connell TU, Bernhard S. High-Throughput Screening of Earth-Abundant Water Reduction Catalysts toward Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:774-781. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel N. Motz
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Eric M. Lopato
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Timothy U. Connell
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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5
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Otaif HY, Adams SJ, Horton PN, Coles SJ, Beames JM, Pope SJA. Bis-cyclometalated iridium( iii) complexes with terpyridine analogues: syntheses, structures, spectroscopy and computational studies. RSC Adv 2021; 11:39718-39727. [PMID: 35494133 PMCID: PMC9044569 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07213g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Two ligands based upon a 2,6-disubstituted pyridine bridge introduce bis-quinoxalinyl units in a fashion that yields analogues to the archetypal terdentate ligand, 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine. The ligands were synthesised from the key intermediate 2,6-bis(bromoacetyl)pyridine: a new, high-yielding route is described for this reagent. Two ligand variants (differentiated by H/Me substituents on the quinoxaline ring) were explored as coordinating moieties for iridium(iii) in the development of luminescent complexes. Computational studies (DFT approaches employing B3LYP, B3LYP/LANL2DZ, and M062X/LANL2DZ levels) were used to investigate the geometric and coordination mode preferences of the new ligands and two possibilities arose from theoretical investigations: [Ir(N^N^N)2]3+ and [Ir(N^N^C)2]+, with the former predicted to be more energetically favourable. Upon synthesis and isolation of the Ir(iii) complexes, X-ray crystallographic studies revealed coordination spheres that were cyclometalated, the structures both showing a [Ir(N^N^C)2]PF6 arrangement. Further spectroscopic characterization via NMR confirmed the ligand arrangements in the complexes, and photophysical studies, supported by DFT, showed that a mixture of metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) and intra-ligand charge transfer (ILCT) character is likely to contribute to the emission features of the complexes, which phosphoresce orange-red (λem = 580–618 nm). The emission wavelength was influenced by the substituents on the quinoxaline ring (H vs. Me), thereby implying further tuneability is possible with future ligand iterations. Bis-terdentate Ir(iii) complexes incorporate two cyclometalated N^N^C bis-quinoxalinyl type ligands derived from the condensation of 2,6-bis(bromoacetyl)pyridine and different o-phenylenediamines.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleema Y. Otaif
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Samuel J. Adams
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Peter N. Horton
- UK National Crystallographic Service, Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, England
| | - Simon J. Coles
- UK National Crystallographic Service, Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, England
| | - Joseph M. Beames
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Simon J. A. Pope
- School of Chemistry, Main Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
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Zavaleta A, Lykhin AO, Monteiro JHSK, Uchida S, Bell TW, de Bettencourt-Dias A, Varganov SA, Gallucci J. Full Visible Spectrum and White Light Emission with a Single, Input-Tunable Organic Fluorophore. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20306-20312. [PMID: 33202131 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The blue emission of M2biQ can be tuned to specific wavelengths throughout the visible region by changing the identity of the cation it interacts with. These optical properties are observed in MeCN solution and the solid state. White light is obtained in MeCN by using either the proper ratio of zinc ions or acid. Thus, M2biQ acts as a nearly universal emitter (λem = 468-690 nm) with large Stokes shifts (116-306 nm, Δν̃ = 7,042-11,823 cm-1). Full spectral profiles as well as quantum yields, lifetimes, and the crystal structures of key RGB and yellow emitters are reported. Emission wavelengths correlate with cationic radius, and TD-DFT calculations show that, for 1:1 complexes, the smaller the ion, the shorter the N-cation bond, and the greater the bathochromic emission shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Zavaleta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
| | - Aleksandr O Lykhin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
| | - Jorge H S K Monteiro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
| | - Shoto Uchida
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
| | - Thomas W Bell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
| | | | - Sergey A Varganov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
| | - Judith Gallucci
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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7
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Development of tris-cyclometalated iridium complexes for cellular imaging through structural modification. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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8
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Liu B, Jabed MA, Kilina S, Sun W. Synthesis, Photophysics, and Reverse Saturable Absorption of trans-Bis-cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes (C^N^C)Ir(R-tpy) + (tpy = 2,2':6',2″-Terpyridine) with Broadband Excited-State Absorption. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:8532-8542. [PMID: 32497429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Extending the bandwidth of triplet excited-state absorption in transition-metal complexes is appealing for developing broadband reverse saturable absorbers. Targeting this goal, five bis-terdentate iridium(III) complexes (Ir1-Ir5) bearing trans-bis-cyclometalating (C^N^C) and 4'-R-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (4'-R-tpy) ligands were synthesized. The effects of the structural variation in cyclometalating ligands and substituents at the tpy ligand on the photophysics of these complexes have been systematically explored using spectroscopic methods (i.e., UV-vis absorption, emission, and transient absorption spectroscopy) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. All complexes exhibited intensely structured 1π,π* absorption bands at <400 nm and broad charge transfer (1CT)/1π,π* transitions at 400-600 nm. Ligand structural variations exerted a very small effect on the energies of the 1CT/1π,π* transitions; however, they had a significant effect on the molar extinction coefficients of these absorption bands. All complexes emitted featureless deep red phosphorescence in solutions at room temperature and gave broad-band and strong triplet excited-state absorption ranging from the visible to the near-infrared (NIR) spectral regions, with both originating from the 3π,π*/3CT states. Although alteration of the ligand structures influenced the emission energies slightly, these changes significantly affected the emission lifetimes and quantum yields, transient absorption spectral features, and the triplet excited-state quantum yields of the complexes. Except for Ir3, the other four complexes all manifested reverse saturable absorption (RSA) upon nanosecond laser pulse excitation at 532 nm, with the decreasing trend of RSA following Ir2 ≈ Ir4 > Ir1 > Ir5 > Ir3. The RSA trend corresponded well with the strength of the excited-state and ground-state absorption differences (ΔOD) at 532 nm for these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota58108-6050, United States
| | - Mohammed A Jabed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota58108-6050, United States
| | - Svetlana Kilina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota58108-6050, United States
| | - Wenfang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota58108-6050, United States
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9
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Yagishita F, Nagamori T, Shimokawa S, Hoshi K, Yoshida Y, Imada Y, Kawamura Y. Visible-light-induced oxidative coupling reaction of benzylic amines using iridium(III) complex of pincer type imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine ligand. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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10
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Winter A, Schubert US. Metal‐Terpyridine Complexes in Catalytic Application – A Spotlight on the Last Decade. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Winter
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstr. 10 07743 Jena Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena) Philosophenweg 7a 07743 Jena Germany
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11
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Bokareva OS, Baig O, Al-Marri MJ, Kühn O, González L. The effect of N-heterocyclic carbene units on the absorption spectra of Fe(ii) complexes: a challenge for theory. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:27605-27616. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04781c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The absorption spectra of five Fe(ii) homoleptic and heteroleptic complexes containing strong sigma-donating N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and polypyridyl ligands have been theoretically characterized using a tuned range-separation functional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga S. Bokareva
- Institut für Physik
- Universität Rostock
- Rostock
- Germany
- Department of Physical Chemistry
| | - Omar Baig
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie
- Fakultät für Chemie
- Universität Wien
- A-1090 Wien
- Austria
| | | | - Oliver Kühn
- Institut für Physik
- Universität Rostock
- Rostock
- Germany
| | - Leticia González
- Institut für Theoretische Chemie
- Fakultät für Chemie
- Universität Wien
- A-1090 Wien
- Austria
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12
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Sedykh AE, Kurth DG, Müller‐Buschbaum K. Two Series of Lanthanide Coordination Polymers and Complexes with 4′‐Phenylterpyridine and their Luminescence Properties. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E. Sedykh
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Justus‐Liebig‐University Giessen Heinrich‐Buff‐Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Dirk G. Kurth
- Lehrstuhl für Chemische Technologie der Materialsynthese Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg Röntgenring 11 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Klaus Müller‐Buschbaum
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Justus‐Liebig‐University Giessen Heinrich‐Buff‐Ring 17 35392 Giessen Germany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Julius‐Maximilians‐University Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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13
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Synthesis and investigation of a tris-cyclometalated iridium complex bearing a single quarternary ammonium group. Inorganica Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2019.119066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Adeloye AO. Exploration of the Structural and Photophysical Characteristics of Mono- and Binuclear Ir(III) Cyclometalated Complexes for Optoelectronic Applications. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12172734. [PMID: 31454975 PMCID: PMC6747829 DOI: 10.3390/ma12172734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Intrinsic characteristics possessed and exhibited by Ir(III) cyclometalated complexes need to be further examined, understood, and explored for greater value enhancement and potentiation. This work focuses primarily on the comparative studies of the ligand structures, types, and their substituent influence on the photophysical and optoelectronic properties of typical cyclometalated mono- and binuclear iridium(III) complexes in solution or solid states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale Olufunsho Adeloye
- Ibrahim Shehu Shema Centre for Renewable Energy and Research (ISSCeRER), Umaru Musa Yar'adua University, Dutsinma Road, P.M.B. 2218 Katsina, Nigeria.
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15
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Liu B, Monro S, Li Z, Jabed MA, Ramirez D, Cameron CG, Colón K, Roque J, Kilina S, Tian J, McFarland SA, Sun W. A New Class of Homoleptic and Heteroleptic Bis(terpyridine) Iridium(III) Complexes with Strong Photodynamic Therapy Effects. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2964-2977. [PMID: 31844844 PMCID: PMC6913535 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Six homo- or heteroleptic tricationic Ir(R1-tpy)(R2-tpy)3+ complexes (Ir1-Ir6, R1/R2 = Ph, 4'-N(CH3)2Ph, pyren-1-yl, or 4'-{2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy}Ph, tpy = 2,2';6',2"-terpyridine) were synthesized and tested for photodynamic therapy (PDT) effects. The ground- and excited-state characteristics of these complexes were studied systematically via spectroscopic methods and quantum chemistry calculations. All complexes possessed intraligand charge transfer (1ILCT) / metal-to-ligand charge transfer (1MLCT) dominated transition(s) in their low-energy absorption bands, which red-shifted with the increased electron-releasing strength of the R1/R2 substituent. Five of the complexes exhibited ligand-centered 3 π,π*/3ILCT/3MLCT emission. With a stronger electron-releasing R1/R2 substituent, the degree of charge transfer contribution increased, leading to a decrease of the emission quantum yield. When the 4'-N(CH3)2Ph substituent was introduced on both tpy ligands, the emission of Ir3 was completely quenched. Our study on the transient absorption of these complexes demonstrated that they all possessed broadband triplet excited-state absorption in the 400-800 nm region. Pyrenyl substitution of one or more tpy ligands, as in Ir4 and Ir5, increased the lifetimes of the lowest triplet excited state and the singlet oxygen (1O2) production efficiencies. Ir1-Ir5 were nontoxic toward SK-MEL-28 cells, with photocytotoxicities that varied from 0.18 to 153 µM. Among them, Ir4 had the highest 1O2 quantum yield (0.81) in cell-free conditions, showing the largest photocytotoxicity against SK-MEL-28 cells for Ir(III) PSs to date, and was the most efficient generator of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vitro. Ir4 possessed a very large phototherapeutic index (PI = dark EC50 / light EC50) of >1657, the largest reported for an Ir(III) complex photosensitizer upon broadband visible light (400-700 nm) activation. Ir4 also exhibited a very strong PDT effect toward MCF-7 breast cancer cells and its xenograft tumor model. Upon 450-nm light activation, Ir4 dramatically inhibited the xenograft tumor growth and exhibited negligible side effects upon PDT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108–6050, USA
| | - Susan Monro
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Zhike Li
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE), Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Mohammed A. Jabed
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108–6050, USA
| | - Daniel Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108–6050, USA
| | - Colin G. Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402–6170, USA
| | - Katsuya Colón
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402–6170, USA
| | - John Roque
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402–6170, USA
| | - Svetlana Kilina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108–6050, USA
| | - Jian Tian
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (MOE), Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, P. R. China
| | - Sherri A. McFarland
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402–6170, USA
| | - Wenfang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108–6050, USA
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16
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Coppo RL, Zanoni KP, Murakami Iha NY. Unraveling the luminescence of new heteroleptic Ir(III) cyclometalated series. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Yuan B, Liu J, Guan R, Jin C, Ji L, Chao H. Endoplasmic reticulum targeted cyclometalated iridium(iii) complexes as efficient photodynamic therapy photosensitizers. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6408-6415. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01072f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of ER-targeted cyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes with a gradually extended conjugated area in the main ligand were effective PDT photosensitizers and triggered ER-stress induced apoptosis in cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Jiangping Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Ruilin Guan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Chengzhi Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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18
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Zheng P, Chaibuth P, Lo W, Jin W, Sun X, Meksawangwong S, Punyain W, Gál M, Gu Y, Chan WTK, Kielar F, Law G. Two‐Photon Excitable Iridium Complex Containing Dipyrazolyltriazine as Cellular Imaging Dyes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poonnapa Zheng
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Pawittra Chaibuth
- Department of Chemistry Naresuan University 65000 Phitsanulok Thailand
| | - Wai‐Sum Lo
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Weiweij Jin
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering 830046 Urumqi China
| | - Xinyang Sun
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong SAR China
| | | | - Wikorn Punyain
- Department of Chemistry Naresuan University 65000 Phitsanulok Thailand
| | - Miraoslav Gál
- Department of Inorganic Technology Slovak University of Technology 812 37 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Yanjuan Gu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Wesley Ting Kwok Chan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Filip Kielar
- Department of Chemistry Naresuan University 65000 Phitsanulok Thailand
| | - Ga‐Lai Law
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong SAR China
- Shenzhen Research Institute The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen China
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19
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Manbeck GF, Garg K, Shimoda T, Szalda DJ, Ertem MZ, Muckerman JT, Fujita E. Hydricity, electrochemistry, and excited-state chemistry of Ir complexes for CO 2 reduction. Faraday Discuss 2018; 198:301-317. [PMID: 28280836 DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00223d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We prepared electron-rich derivatives of [Ir(tpy)(ppy)Cl]+ with modification of the bidentate (ppy) or tridentate (tpy) ligands in an attempt to increase the reactivity for CO2 reduction and the ability to transfer hydrides (hydricity). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that complexes with dimethyl-substituted ppy have similar hydricities to the non-substituted parent complex, and photocatalytic CO2 reduction studies show selective CO formation. Substitution of tpy by bis(benzimidazole)-phenyl or -pyridine (L3 and L4, respectively) induces changes in the physical properties that are much more pronounced than from the addition of methyl groups to ppy. Theoretical data predict [Ir(L3)(ppy)(H)] as the strongest hydride donor among complexes studied in this work, but [Ir(L3)(ppy)(NCCH3)]+ cannot be reduced photochemically because the excited state reduction potential is only 0.52 V due to the negative ground state potential of -1.91 V. The excited state of [Ir(L4)(ppy)(NCCH3)]2+ is the strongest oxidant among complexes studied in this work and the singly-reduced species is formed readily upon photolysis in the presence of tertiary amines. Both [Ir(L3)(ppy)(NCCH3)]+ and [Ir(L4)(ppy)(NCCH3)]2+ exhibit electrocatalytic current for CO2 reduction. While a significantly greater overpotential is needed for the L3 complex, a small amount of formate (5-10%) generation in addition to CO was observed as predicted by the DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald F Manbeck
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.
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20
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Liu B, Monro S, Lystrom L, Cameron CG, Colon K, Yin H, Kilina S, McFarland SA, Sun W. Photophysical and Photobiological Properties of Dinuclear Iridium(III) Bis-tridentate Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9859-9872. [PMID: 30091916 PMCID: PMC6337720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of cationic dinuclear iridium(III) complexes (Ir1-Ir5) bearing terpyridine-capped fluorenyl bridging ligands and different polypyridyl or cyclometalating terminal tridentate ligands were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for their photophysical and photobiological activities. The influence of the bridging and terminal ligands on the photophysical properties of the complexes was investigated by UV-vis absorption, emission, and transient absorption spectroscopy and simulated by TDDFT calculations. All of the complexes displayed strong bridging-ligand localized visible 1π,π* absorption and red- or near-infrared phosphorescence as well as broad triplet excited-state absorption across both visible and NIR wavelengths. These triplet states were assigned as predominantly 3π,π* for Ir1 (τ = 3.1 μs) and Ir4 (τ = 48 μs) and 3CT (charge transfer) for Ir2, Ir3, and Ir5 (τ = 1.7-2.7 μs). Complexes Ir1-Ir5 acted as in vitro photodynamic therapy (PDT) agents toward human SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells when activated with visible light, with submicromolar photocytotoxicity and phototherapeutic indices ranging from 20 to almost 300. The in vitro PDT effects with visible light did not correlate with singlet oxygen (1O2) quantum yields or DNA photocleaving capacity probed under cell-free conditions. All of the Ir(III) complexes phosphoresced brightly when associated with compromised cells (with or without light treatment) and exhibited photoactivated cellular uptake, highlighting the theranostic potential of this new class of Ir(III) complex photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
| | - Susan Monro
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Levi Lystrom
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
| | - Colin G. Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA
| | - Katsuya Colon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA
| | - Huimin Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Svetlana Kilina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
| | - Sherri A. McFarland
- Department of Chemistry, Acadia University, 6 University Avenue, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, USA
| | - Wenfang Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, USA
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21
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Gao TB, Yan RQ, Metherell AJ, Cao DK, Ye DJ, Ward MD. Coordination mode-induced isomeric cyclometalated [Ir(tpy)(nbi)Cl](PF 6) complexes: distinct luminescence, self-assembly and cellular imaging behaviors. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:16787-16791. [PMID: 29168515 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03523c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two isomeric Ir(iii) complexes Ir-O and Ir-R arising from the different coordination mode of a naphthalene-containing ligand, show distinct luminescence, self-assembly ability and cellular imaging behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Bao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Run-Qi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | | | - Deng-Ke Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - De-Ju Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
| | - Michael D Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK. and Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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22
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Liao JL, Rajakannu P, Liu SH, Lee GH, Chou PT, Jen AKY, Chi Y. Iridium(III) Complexes Bearing Tridentate Chromophoric Chelate: Phosphorescence Fine-Tuned by Phosphine and Hydride Ancillary. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:8287-8298. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ling Liao
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Palanisamy Rajakannu
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hung Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Instrumentational Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Instrumentational Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Tai Chou
- Department of Chemistry and Instrumentational Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Alex K.-Y. Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR
| | - Yun Chi
- Department of Chemistry and Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR
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23
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Mills IN, Porras JA, Bernhard S. Judicious Design of Cationic, Cyclometalated Ir(III) Complexes for Photochemical Energy Conversion and Optoelectronics. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:352-364. [PMID: 29336548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The exponential growth in published studies on phosphorescent metal complexes has been triggered by their utilization in optoelectronics, solar energy conversion, and biological labeling applications. Very recent breakthroughs in organic photoredox transformations have further increased the research efforts dedicated to discerning the inner workings and structure-property relationships of these chromophores. Initially, the principal focus was on the Ru(II)-tris-diimine complex family. However, the limited photostability and lack of luminescence tunability discovered in these complexes prompted a broadening of the research to include 5d transition metal ions. The resulting increase in ligand field splitting prevents the population of antibonding eg* orbitals and widens the energy range available for color tuning. Particular attention was given to Ir(III), and its cyclometalated, cationic complexes have now replaced Ru(II) in the vast majority of applications. At the start, this Account documents the initial efforts dedicated to the color tuning of these complexes for their application in light emitting electrochemical cells, an easy to fabricate single-layer organic light emitting device (OLED). Systematic modifications of the ligand sphere of [Ir(ppy)2bpy]+ (ppy: 2-phenylpyridine, bpy: 2,2'-bipyridine) with electron withdrawing and donating substituents allowed access to complexes with luminescence emission maxima throughout the visible spectrum exhibiting room temperature excited state lifetimes ranging from nanoseconds to dozens of microseconds and quantum yields up to 15 times that of [Ru(bpy)3]2+. The diverse photophysical properties were also beneficial when using these Ir(III) complexes for driving solar fuel-producing reactions. For instance, photocatalytic water-reduction systems were explored to gain access to efficient water splitting systems. For this purpose, a variety of water reduction catalysts were paired with libraries of Ir(III) photosensitizers in high-throughput photoreactors. This parallelized approach allowed exploration of the interplay between the diverse photophysical properties of the Ir compounds and the electron-accepting catalysts. Further work enhanced and simplified the critical electron transfer processes between these two species through the use of bridging functional groups installed on the photosensitizer. Later, a novel approach summarized in this Account explores the possibility of using Zn metal as a solar fuel. Structure-activity relationships of the light-driven reduction of Zn2+ to Zn metal are described. DFT calculations along with cyclic voltammetry were utilized to gain clear insights into the complexes' electronic structures responsible for the effective photochemical properties observed in these dyes. While [Ir(ppy)2bpy]+ and its derivatives were found to be much more photostable than the Ru(II)-tris-diimine complex family, mass spectrometry indicated that the bpy ligand still photodissociated under extensive illumination. An interesting new approach involved the substitution of the bidentate 2,2'-bipyridine with a stronger chelating terpyridine ligand. This approach leaves room for one 2-phenylpyridine ligand and a third, anionic ligand, either Cl- or CN-. This Account reviews the effect of structural modifications on the photophysical properties of these [Ir(tpy)(ppy)X]+ complexes and corroborates the findings with the results obtained through DFT modeling. These complexes found application in photocatalytic CO2 reductions as well as a solvent tolerant light-absorber for the photogeneration of hydrogen. It was also documented that the robustness of these dyes in photoredox processes supersedes those of the commercially available [Ir(ppy)2(dtbbpy)]PF6 and [Ir(dF(CF3)ppy)2(dtbbpy)]PF6 complexes pioneered in the Bernhard laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac N. Mills
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Jonathan A. Porras
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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24
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Zhang C, Qiu K, Liu C, Huang H, Rees TW, Ji L, Zhang Q, Chao H. Tracking mitochondrial dynamics during apoptosis with phosphorescent fluorinated iridium(iii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12907-12913. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt02918k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of phosphorescent fluorinated Ir(iii) complexes, which exhibit low cytotoxicity, excellent photostability and specificity of mitochondria-targeting, were used for tracking mitochondrial dynamics during apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Kangqiang Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Chaofeng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Huaiyi Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Thomas W. Rees
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Qianling Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Shenzhen University
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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25
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Qu ZZ, Gao TB, Wen J, Rui K, Ma H, Cao DK. Cyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes [Ir(tpy)(bbibH2)Cl][PF6] and [Ir(tpy)(bmbib)Cl][PF6]: intramolecular π⋯π interactions leading to facile synthesis and enhanced luminescence. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:9779-9786. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01922c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Complexes [Ir(tpy)(bbibH2)Cl][PF6] (1·PF6) and [Ir(tpy)(bmbib)Cl][PF6] (2·PF6) show facile synthesis and enhanced luminescence due to intramolecular π⋯π interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Ze Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Coordination Chemistry Institute
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Tai-Bao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Coordination Chemistry Institute
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Jing Wen
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Kai Rui
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Coordination Chemistry Institute
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
| | - Haibo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
- P. R. China
| | - Deng-Ke Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- Coordination Chemistry Institute
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
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26
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Kobayashi A, Watanabe S, Ebina M, Yoshida M, Kato M. Effects of phosphonate ester groups attached on a heteroleptic Ir(III) photosensitizer. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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27
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Hierlinger C, Roisnel T, Cordes DB, Slawin AMZ, Jacquemin D, Guerchais V, Zysman-Colman E. An Unprecedented Family of Luminescent Iridium(III) Complexes Bearing a Six-Membered Chelated Tridentate C^N^C Ligand. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:5182-5188. [PMID: 28394570 PMCID: PMC5417592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A new family consisting of three luminescent neutral Ir(III) complexes with the unprecedented [Ir(C^N^C)(N^N)Cl] architecture, where C^N^C is a bis(six-membered) chelating tridentate tripod ligand derived from 2-benzhydrylpyridine (bnpy) and N^N is 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine (dtBubpy), is reported. X-ray crystallography reveals an unexpected and unusual double C-H bond activation of the two distal nonconjugated phenyl rings of the bnpy coupled with a very short Ir-Cl bond trans to the pyridine of the bnpy ligand. Depending on the substitution on the bnpy ligand, phosphorescence, ranging from yellow to red, is observed in dichloromethane solution. A combined study using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) corroborates the mixed charge-transfer nature of the related excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Hierlinger
- Institut des Sciences
Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Institut des Sciences
Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - David B. Cordes
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra M. Z. Slawin
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- UMR CNRS 6230, Université de Nantes,
CEISAM, 2 rue de la Houssinière, 44322 Nantes Cedex 3, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1, Rue Descartes, 75005 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Véronique Guerchais
- Institut des Sciences
Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
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28
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Turnbull G, Williams JAG, Kozhevnikov VN. Rigidly linking cyclometallated Ir(iii) and Pt(ii) centres: an efficient approach to strongly absorbing and highly phosphorescent red emitters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:2729-2732. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc00656j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Appending a cyclometallated platinum unit onto each of the three ligands of the archetypal fac-Ir(ppy)3 complex leads to a highly efficient red emitter with a short luminescence decay time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Turnbull
- Department of Applied Sciences
- Northumbria University
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
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29
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Genoni A, Chirdon DN, Boniolo M, Sartorel A, Bernhard S, Bonchio M. Tuning Iridium Photocatalysts and Light Irradiation for Enhanced CO2 Reduction. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b03227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Genoni
- University of Padova and ITM-CNR UoS of Padova, Department
of Chemical Sciences, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Danielle N. Chirdon
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Chemistry, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Manuel Boniolo
- University of Padova and ITM-CNR UoS of Padova, Department
of Chemical Sciences, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Sartorel
- University of Padova and ITM-CNR UoS of Padova, Department
of Chemical Sciences, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Chemistry, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Marcella Bonchio
- University of Padova and ITM-CNR UoS of Padova, Department
of Chemical Sciences, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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30
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Daniels RE, Culham S, Hunter M, Durrant MC, Probert MR, Clegg W, Williams JAG, Kozhevnikov VN. When two are better than one: bright phosphorescence from non-stereogenic dinuclear iridium(III) complexes. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:6949-62. [PMID: 26983757 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00881j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new family of eight dinuclear iridium(iii) complexes has been prepared, featuring 4,6-diarylpyrimidines L(y) as bis-N^C-coordinating bridging ligands. The metal ions are also coordinated by a terminal N^C^N-cyclometallating ligand L(X) based on 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)benzene, and by a monodentate chloride or cyanide. The general formula of the compounds is {IrL(X)Z}2L(y) (Z = Cl or CN). The family comprises examples with three different L(X) ligands and five different diarylpyrimidines L(y), of which four are diphenylpyrimidines and one is a dithienylpyrimidine. The requisite proligands have been synthesised via standard cross-coupling methodology. The synthesis of the complexes involves a two-step procedure, in which L(X)H is reacted with IrCl3·3H2O to form dinuclear complexes of the form [IrL(X)Cl(μ-Cl)]2, followed by treatment with the diarylpyrimidine L(y)H2. Crucially, each complex is formed as a single compound only: the strong trans influence of the metallated rings dictates the relative disposition of the ligands, whilst the use of symmetrically substituted tridentate ligands eliminates the possibility of Λ and Δ enantiomers that are obtained when bis-bidentate units are linked through bridging ligands. The crystal structure of one member of the family has been obtained using a synchrotron X-ray source. All of the complexes are very brightly luminescent, with emission maxima in solution varying over the range 517-572 nm, according to the identity of the ligands. The highest-energy emitter is the cyanide derivative whilst the lowest is the complex with the dithienylpyrimidine. The trends in both the absorption and emission energies as a function of ligand substituent have been rationalised accurately with the aid of TD-DFT calculations. The lowest-excited singlet and triplet levels correlate with the trend in the HOMO-LUMO gap. All the complexes have quantum yields that are close to unity and phosphorescence lifetimes - of the order of 500 ns - that are unusually short for complexes of such brightness. These impressive properties stem from an unusually high rate of radiative decay, possibly due to spin-orbit coupling pathways being facilitated by the second metal ion, and to low non-radiative decay rates that may be related to the rigidity of the dinuclear scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth E Daniels
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Stacey Culham
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Michael Hunter
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Marcus C Durrant
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Michael R Probert
- School of Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - William Clegg
- School of Chemistry, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | | | - Valery N Kozhevnikov
- Department of Applied Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
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31
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Porras JA, Mills IN, Transue WJ, Bernhard S. Highly Fluorinated Ir(III)-2,2':6',2″-Terpyridine-Phenylpyridine-X Complexes via Selective C-F Activation: Robust Photocatalysts for Solar Fuel Generation and Photoredox Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:9460-72. [PMID: 27387149 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b03246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of fluorinated Ir(III)-terpyridine-phenylpyridine-X (X = anionic monodentate ligand) complexes were synthesized by selective C-F activation, whereby perfluorinated phenylpyridines were readily complexed. The combination of fluorinated phenylpyridine ligands with an electron-rich tri-tert-butyl terpyridine ligand generates a "push-pull" force on the electrons upon excitation, imparting significant enhancements to the stability, electrochemical, and photophysical properties of the complexes. Application of the complexes as photosensitizers for photocatalytic generation of hydrogen from water and as redox photocatalysts for decarboxylative fluorination of several carboxylic acids showcases the performance of the complexes in highly coordinating solvents, in some cases exceeding that of the leading photosensitizers. Changes in the photophysical properties and the nature of the excited states are observed as the compounds increase in fluorination as well as upon exchange of the ancillary chloride ligand to a cyanide. These changes in the excited states have been corroborated using density functional theory modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Porras
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Isaac N Mills
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Wesley J Transue
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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32
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Windisch J, Orazietti M, Hamm P, Alberto R, Probst B. General Scheme for Oxidative Quenching of a Copper Bis-Phenanthroline Photosensitizer for Light-Driven Hydrogen Production. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:1719-1726. [PMID: 27226427 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A new, general reaction scheme for photocatalytic hydrogen production is presented based on oxidative quenching of a homoleptic copper(I) bis-1,10-phenanthroline photosensitizer (PS) by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP(+) ) as the electron relay and subsequent regeneration of the so formed copper(II) complex by a sacrificial electron donor. Electron transfer from the relay to various cobalt based water reduction catalysts and subsequent H2 production was shown to close the catalytic cycle. Transient absorption experiments unambiguously confirmed the proposed pathway, both the oxidative quenching and subsequent regeneration of oxidized PS. Photocatalytic test runs further confirmed the role of MPP(+) and up to 10 turnovers were achieved in the relay. The performance limiting factor of the system was shown to be the decomplexation of the copper PS. Quantum yields of the system were 0.03 for H2 production, but 0.6 for MPP(.) formation, clearly indicating that unproductive pathways still prevail.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Windisch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8049, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Orazietti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8049, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Hamm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8049, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Alberto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8049, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Probst
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8049, Zurich, Switzerland.
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33
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Highly selective sensing of ClO4− in water with a simple cationic iridium(III) complex and its application in bioimaging. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2016.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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34
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Wang XB, Zheng HQ, Rao H, Yao HC, Fan YT, Hou HW. Synthesis of a new iron-sulfur cluster compound and its photocatalytic H2evolution activity through visible light irradiation. Appl Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 PR China
| | - Hui-Qin Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 PR China
- College of Chemistry and Environment; Henan Institute of Education; Zhengzhou 450046 PR China
| | - Heng Rao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 PR China
| | - Hong-Chang Yao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 PR China
| | - Yao-Ting Fan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 PR China
| | - Hong-Wei Hou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou 450001 PR China
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35
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Jacques A, Schott O, Robeyns K, Hanan GS, Elias B. Hydrogen Photoevolution from a Green-Absorbing Iridium(III)-Cobalt(III) Dyad. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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36
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Huang H, Yang L, Zhang P, Qiu K, Huang J, Chen Y, Diao J, Liu J, Ji L, Long J, Chao H. Real-time tracking mitochondrial dynamic remodeling with two-photon phosphorescent iridium (III) complexes. Biomaterials 2016; 83:321-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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37
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Huang H, Zhang P, Qiu K, Huang J, Chen Y, Ji L, Chao H. Mitochondrial Dynamics Tracking with Two-Photon Phosphorescent Terpyridyl Iridium(III) Complexes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20887. [PMID: 26864567 PMCID: PMC4750043 DOI: 10.1038/srep20887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics, including fission and fusion, control the morphology and function of mitochondria, and disruption of mitochondrial dynamics leads to Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, metabolic diseases, and cancers. Currently, many types of commercial mitochondria probes are available, but high excitation energy and low photo-stability render them unsuitable for tracking mitochondrial dynamics in living cells. Therefore, mitochondrial targeting agents that exhibit superior anti-photo-bleaching ability, deep tissue penetration and intrinsically high three-dimensional resolutions are urgently needed. Two-photon-excited compounds that use low-energy near-infrared excitation lasers have emerged as non-invasive tools for cell imaging. In this work, terpyridyl cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes (Ir1-Ir3) are demonstrated as one- and two-photon phosphorescent probes for real-time imaging and tracking of mitochondrial morphology changes in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyi Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Pingyu Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Kangqiang Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Juanjuan Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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38
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Naik S, Kumar S, Mague JT, Balakrishna MS. A hybrid terpyridine-based bis(diphenylphosphino)amine ligand, terpy-C6H4N(PPh2)2: synthesis, coordination chemistry and photoluminescence studies. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:18434-18437. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03440c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis, metal complexes and photophysical studies of a novel hybrid ligand containing terpyridine and aminobis(phosphine) moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susmita Naik
- Phosphorus Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Phosphorus Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
| | - Joel T. Mague
- Department of Chemistry
- Tulane University
- New Orleans
- USA
| | - Maravanji S. Balakrishna
- Phosphorus Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
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39
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Bokarev SI, Bokareva OS, Kühn O. A theoretical perspective on charge transfer in photocatalysis. The example of Ir-based systems. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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40
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Fischer S, Bokareva OS, Barsch E, Bokarev SI, Kühn O, Ludwig R. Mechanistic Study of Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation with Simple Iron Carbonyls as Water Reduction Catalysts. ChemCatChem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201500872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Fischer
- Abteilung für Physikalische Chemie; Institut für Chemie; Universität Rostock; Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 1 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Olga S. Bokareva
- Institut für Physik; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Enrico Barsch
- Abteilung für Physikalische Chemie; Institut für Chemie; Universität Rostock; Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 1 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock e.V.; Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Sergey I. Bokarev
- Institut für Physik; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Oliver Kühn
- Institut für Physik; Universität Rostock; Albert-Einstein-Str. 23-24 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Ralf Ludwig
- Abteilung für Physikalische Chemie; Institut für Chemie; Universität Rostock; Dr.-Lorenz-Weg 1 18059 Rostock Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse an der; Universität Rostock e.V.; Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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41
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Xu H, Huang ZA, Guo X, Yang Y, Hua Y, Cao Z, Li S, Xia H. Sequential Construction Strategy for Rational Design of Luminescent Iridacycles. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zi-Ao Huang
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xugeng Guo
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuhui Yang
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yuhui Hua
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Zexing Cao
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shunhua Li
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Haiping Xia
- State
Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials and College of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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42
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Ni S, Mu W, Chao D. Rapid and Selective Luminescence Response to Aromatic Thiols with a Simple Mononuclear Iridium(III) Complex. CHEM LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.150075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shitan Ni
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology
| | - Wensheng Mu
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology
| | - Duobin Chao
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology
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43
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Bokareva OS, Grell G, Bokarev SI, Kühn O. Tuning Range-Separated Density Functional Theory for Photocatalytic Water Splitting Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:1700-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga S. Bokareva
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - Gilbert Grell
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sergey I. Bokarev
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
| | - Oliver Kühn
- Institut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Universitätsplatz 3, D-18055 Rostock, Germany
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44
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Huang H, Zhang P, Chen Y, Ji L, Chao H. Labile ruthenium(ii) complexes with extended phenyl-substituted terpyridyl ligands: synthesis, aquation and anticancer evaluation. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:15602-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt02446c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The present study demonstrated that the anticancer activities of labile Ru(ii) complexes can be efficiently tuned by chelating with different phenyl-substituted terpyridyl ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaiyi Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Pingyu Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Liangnian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Hui Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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45
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Rao H, Wang ZY, Zheng HQ, Wang XB, Pan CM, Fan YT, Hou HW. Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from a cobalt/nickel complex with dithiolene ligands under irradiation with visible light. Catal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy01574f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel cobalt/nickel dithiolene complexes displayed efficient hydrogen evolution in a noble-metal-free photocatalytic system under visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Rao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
| | - Hui-Qin Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
| | - Chun-Mei Pan
- Biotechnology Department
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy
- Zhengzhou 450011
- PR China
| | - Yao-Ting Fan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
| | - Hong-Wei Hou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450001
- PR China
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46
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Abstract
Box structures containing four ligands and four metal ions (two of each of two kinds) and labile ligands that point into the box cavity have been prepared – as well as decanickel wheels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch 8140
- New Zealand
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47
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Zanoni KPS, Coppo RL, Amaral RC, Murakami Iha NY. Ir(iii) complexes designed for light-emitting devices: beyond the luminescence color array. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:14559-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt01644d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This Perspective highlights the photophysics and recent breakthroughs in the study of emissive Ir(iii) compounds, including a personal account elucidating the role of molecular and electronic structures in controlling the photophysics of heteroleptic [Ir(N^C)2(L^X)]+ complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassio Papi Silva Zanoni
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Energy Conversion
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de São Paulo – USP
- 05508-000 São Paulo
| | - Rodolfo Lopes Coppo
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Energy Conversion
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de São Paulo – USP
- 05508-000 São Paulo
| | - Ronaldo Costa Amaral
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Energy Conversion
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de São Paulo – USP
- 05508-000 São Paulo
| | - Neyde Yukie Murakami Iha
- Laboratory of Photochemistry and Energy Conversion
- Departamento de Química Fundamental
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade de São Paulo – USP
- 05508-000 São Paulo
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48
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Chen M, Zhang M, Xie F, Wang X, Jiang H. Ruthenium-Catalyzed N-Alkylation for the Synthesis of 2-N-Pyridylmethyl Benzonitriles and an Exploration of Its Synthetic Utility. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201402455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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49
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Unusual product distribution from Friedländer reaction of di- and triacetylbenzenes with 3-aminonaphthalene-3-carbaldehyde and properties of new benzo[g]quinoline-derived aza-aromatics. Molecules 2014; 19:12842-51. [PMID: 25153882 PMCID: PMC6271429 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190812842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Friedländer reactions of acetylbenzenes and 2-acetylpyridine with 3-aminonaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde afforded the corresponding 2-phenylbenzo[g]quinoline and 2-(pyrid-2-yl)benzo[g]quinoline, respectively. The same reactions of 3-aminonaphthalene-2-carbaldehyde with 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4-di- and 1,3,5-triacetylbenzenes, however, afforded a series of corresponding (benzo[g]quinolin-2-yl)benzenes as new N,C-bidentate and unexpected benzo[g]quinoline. Crystallinity, thermal properties, absorption and emission spectral properties of the products were studied.
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50
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Lanoë PH, Tong CM, Harrington RW, Probert MR, Clegg W, Williams JAG, Kozhevnikov VN. Ditopic bis-terdentate cyclometallating ligands and their highly luminescent dinuclear iridium(iii) complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:6831-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01808g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent dinuclear Ir(iii) complexes of a bis-N∧C∧N-coordinating ligand are reported with two metal ions bound to a central pyrimidine. A pair of enantiomers and a meso form have been structurally characterised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Henri Lanoë
- Department of Applied Sciences
- Northumbria University
- Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Chi Ming Tong
- Department of Applied Sciences
- Northumbria University
- Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - William Clegg
- School of Chemistry
- Newcastle University
- Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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