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Norfarhana AS, Ilyas RA, Ngadi N, Othman MHD, Misenan MSM, Norrrahim MNF. Revolutionizing lignocellulosic biomass: A review of harnessing the power of ionic liquids for sustainable utilization and extraction. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128256. [PMID: 38000585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
The potential for the transformation of lignocellulosic biomass into valuable commodities is rapidly growing through an environmentally sustainable approach to harness its abundance, cost-effectiveness, biodegradability, and environmentally friendly nature. Ionic liquids (ILs) have received considerable and widespread attention as a promising solution for efficiently dissolving lignocellulosic biomass. The fact that ILs can act as solvents and reagents contributes to their widespread recognition. In particular, ILs are desirable because they are inert, non-toxic, non-flammable, miscible in water, recyclable, thermally and chemically stable, and have low melting points and outstanding ionic conductivity. With these characteristics, ILs can serve as a reliable replacement for traditional biomass conversion methods in various applications. Thus, this comprehensive analysis explores the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass using ILs, focusing on main components such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. In addition, the effect of multiple parameters on the separation of lignocellulosic biomass using ILs is discussed to emphasize their potential to produce high-value products from this abundant and renewable resource. This work contributes to the advancement of green technologies, offering a promising avenue for the future of biomass conversion and sustainable resource management.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Norfarhana
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Department of Petrochemical Engineering, Politeknik Tun Syed Nasir Syed Ismail, Pagoh Education Hub, 84600 Pagoh Muar Johor, Malaysia
| | - R A Ilyas
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia; Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis, Malaysia.
| | - Norzita Ngadi
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia; Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Faculty of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Syukri Mohamad Misenan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, 34220 Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mohd Nor Faiz Norrrahim
- Research Centre for Chemical Defence, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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2
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Lu X, Gu X. A review on lignin pyrolysis: pyrolytic behavior, mechanism, and relevant upgrading for improving process efficiency. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:106. [PMID: 36221137 PMCID: PMC9552425 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lignin is a promising alternative to traditional fossil resources for producing biofuels due to its aromaticity and renewability. Pyrolysis is an efficient technology to convert lignin to valuable chemicals, which is beneficial for improving lignin valorization. In this review, pyrolytic behaviors of various lignin were included, as well as the pyrolytic mechanism consisting of initial, primary, and charring stages were also introduced. Several parallel reactions, such as demethoxylation, demethylation, decarboxylation, and decarbonylation of lignin side chains to form light gases, major lignin structure decomposition to generate phenolic compounds, and polymerization of active lignin intermediates to yield char, can be observed through the whole pyrolysis process. Several parameters, such as pyrolytic temperature, time, lignin type, and functional groups (hydroxyl, methoxy), were also investigated to figure out their effects on lignin pyrolysis. On the other hand, zeolite-driven lignin catalytic pyrolysis and lignin co-pyrolysis with other hydrogen-rich co-feedings were also introduced for improving process efficiency to produce more aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs). During the pyrolysis process, phenolic compounds and/or AHs can be produced, showing promising applications in biochemical intermediates and biofuel additives. Finally, some challenges and future perspectives for lignin pyrolysis have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Lu
- grid.410625.40000 0001 2293 4910Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
| | - Xiaoli Gu
- grid.410625.40000 0001 2293 4910Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037 China
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3
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Qiu C, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Tang Q, Yuan Z, De Hoop CF, Cao J, Hao S, Liang T, Li F, Huang X. Bamboo-Based Biofoam Adsorbents for the Adsorption of Cationic Pollutants in Wastewater: Methylene Blue and Cu(II). ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:23447-23459. [PMID: 34549143 PMCID: PMC8444294 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Human health is being threatened by cationic pollutants in wastewater, for example, methylene blue (MB) and Cu(II). Our research team successfully fabricated biofoam adsorbents from recycled bamboo waste that removed cationic pollutants via introducing bamboo fiber sources, i.e., bamboo fiber, bamboo α-cellulose fiber, and bamboo nanocellulose fiber, into a polyurethane (PU) foam matrix. The biofoam adsorbent with 1 g of nanocellulose (PUN1) presented high removal efficiencies for MB (95.52%) and Cu(II) (100%) in low cationic pollutant concentration aqueous solutions. The biofoam adsorbent with 1 g of bamboo fiber (PUB1) also displayed excellent removal efficiency for MB (98.61%) at pH 11. Meanwhile, 100% removal of Cu(II) was obtained by PUB1 at pH 7 (initial content = 15 mg/L). Furthermore, the PUN1 sample had excellent reusability, evidenced by 61.25% removal of MB after five adsorption-desorption cycles, suggesting that PUN1 is a promising renewable adsorbent for cationic pollutants. In addition, PUB1 is a low-cost adsorbent with good adsorption efficiencies for MB in weak alkaline solutions and Cu(II) in neutral aqueous solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongpeng Qiu
- College
of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xuelun Zhang
- College
of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - You Zhang
- College
of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Qi Tang
- College
of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Zihui Yuan
- College
of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Cornelis F. De Hoop
- School
of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana
State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Jiwen Cao
- College
of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Shilin Hao
- College
of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Ting Liang
- College
of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Feng Li
- Landscape
Architecture School, Chengdu Agricultural
College, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xingyan Huang
- College
of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
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4
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Rashid T, Sher F, Khan AS, Khalid U, Rasheed T, Iqbal HM, Murugesan T. Effect of protic ionic liquid treatment on the pyrolysis products of lignin extracted from oil palm biomass. FUEL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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5
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Halder P, Patel S, Kundu S, Gbolahan Hakeem I, Hedayati Marzbali M, Pramanik B, Shah K. Dissolution reaction kinetics and mass transfer during aqueous choline chloride pre-treatment of oak wood. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 322:124519. [PMID: 33338943 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass processing employing ionic liquids is of recent research interest for the biorefinery industry. The data on biomass dissolution kinetics in ionic liquids is important for designing scale-up pre-treatment reactor design. In this study, the reaction mechanism and kinetics of oak wood dissolution in aqueous choline chloride was investigated. In an extended effort, a correlation of dimensionless numbers was developed for the estimation the mass transfer coefficient. The analyses suggested that oak wood dissolution in choline chloride occurred in two stages. The diffusion of ionic liquid through the product layer was the dominating rate-controlling step in the first stage of dissolution followed by the surface chemical reaction in the second stage. The diffusivity of choline chloride into the oak wood matrix was ranging between 2.96E-14 and 2.84E-13 m2/s. The activation energy of the diffusion controlled stage and surface chemical reaction controlled stage was approximately 24.2 and 40.3 kJ mol-1, respectively. The proposed mathematical correlation for mass transfer coefficient fitted well with the experimental mass transfer coefficient values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pobitra Halder
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Savankumar Patel
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Sazal Kundu
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Ibrahim Gbolahan Hakeem
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Mojtaba Hedayati Marzbali
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Biplob Pramanik
- Civil and Infrastructure Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Kalpit Shah
- Chemical & Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Transformation of Australia's Biosolids Resource, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia.
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6
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Rashid T, Sher F, Rasheed T, Zafar F, Zhang S, Murugesan T. Evaluation of current and future solvents for selective lignin dissolution–A review. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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Dhar P, Jose AM, Pilloni G, Vinu R. Development of Novel Imidazole–Poly(ethylene glycol) Solvent for the Conversion of Lignocellulosic Agro-Residues to Valuable Chemicals. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b00665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Piyali Dhar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and National Centre for Combustion Research and Development, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Ann Mary Jose
- Department of Chemical Engineering and National Centre for Combustion Research and Development, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Giovanni Pilloni
- Corporate Strategic Research, Exxon Mobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, New Jersey 08801, United States
| | - Ravikrishnan Vinu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and National Centre for Combustion Research and Development, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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8
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Yu W, Zhu P, Lei Z, Shui H, Kang S, Wang Z, Ren S, Pan C. Study of Pyrolysis Behavior of Shenhua Coal Pretreated by Ionic Liquid 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Acetate. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/ijcre-2017-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The pyrolysis behaviors of Shenhu subbituminous coal (SSBC) after pretreated with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIA) were studied in this paper. It is found that the pretreatment of SSBC with ionic liquid EMIA has a significant effect on the pyrolysis behavior of SSBC. The pretreatment temperature significantly affects tar yield of SSBC pyrolysis. The pretreatment SSBC with EMIA at 100 °C, 150 °C, 200 °C results in the increase of pyrolysis tar yield by 26.8 %, 32.8 %, and 35.7 %, respectively, compared to that of SSBC coal pyrolysis. FTIR and TG analysis show that EMIA pretreatment changed oxygen-containing functional groups in SSBC, in particular, increased the content of a carboxyl group and ether bond in SSBC. Also, it is found that pretreatment of coal with ionic liquid EMIA has a significant desulfurization effect.
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9
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Basicity Characterization of Imidazolyl Ionic Liquids and Their Application for Biomass Dissolution. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/7501659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alkalinity determination is of crucial significance for the applications of basic ionic liquids with imidazolyl. In this work, the ionization constant pKb value and acid function H- values of ionic liquids synthesized were calculated by pH method and UV spectrum-Hammett method. The dissolution ratio of biomass in these ionic liquids was measured at different temperatures. Finally, the relationship between the alkalinity and structure of these ionic liquids was discussed, and the relationship between the alkalinity of ionic liquid and the dissolution mechanism biomass was also discussed. The results show that the basicity of carboxylate ionic liquids is determined mainly by their anions, whereas cations take some finely tuned roles. Furthermore, cations and anions are equally important and are involved in dissolution mechanisms.
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10
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Fang DW, Zhang F, Jia R, Shan WJ, Xia LX, Yang JZ. Physicochemical properties of [Cnmim][TFA] (n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) ionic liquids. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra00197e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of ionic liquids based on trifluoroacetic acid, namely, [Cnmim][TFA] (n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) (1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoroacetate), were designed and synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Fang
- Institute of Rare and Scattered Elements
- College of Chemistry
- Liaoning University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Institute of Rare and Scattered Elements
- College of Chemistry
- Liaoning University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Rui Jia
- Institute of Rare and Scattered Elements
- College of Chemistry
- Liaoning University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Wei-jun Shan
- Institute of Rare and Scattered Elements
- College of Chemistry
- Liaoning University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Li-xin Xia
- Institute of Rare and Scattered Elements
- College of Chemistry
- Liaoning University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
| | - Jia-zhen Yang
- Institute of Rare and Scattered Elements
- College of Chemistry
- Liaoning University
- Shenyang
- P. R. China
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11
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Gschwend FJV, Brandt-Talbot A, Chambon CL, Hallett JP. Ultra-Low Cost Ionic Liquids for the Delignification of Biomass. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2017-1250.ch009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florence J. V. Gschwend
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW11 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Agnieszka Brandt-Talbot
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW11 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Clementine L. Chambon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW11 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jason P. Hallett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW11 2AZ, United Kingdom
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12
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Magnetic solid-phase extraction of protein by ionic liquid-coated Fe@graphene oxide. Talanta 2016; 160:481-488. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Muhammad N, Gao Y, Iqbal F, Ahmad P, Ge R, Nishan U, Rahim A, Gonfa G, Ullah Z. Extraction of biocompatible hydroxyapatite from fish scales using novel approach of ionic liquid pretreatment. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Bamboo (Neosinocalamus affinis)-based thin film, a novel biomass material with high performances. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 119:167-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Li C, Zhang W, Zhang J, Zhang R, Yuan Q, Liu G, Cheng G. A comparative study of enzymatic hydrolysis and thermal degradation of corn stover: understanding biomass pretreatment. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra01930c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of biomass pretreatment on the enzymatic hydrolysis and thermal degradation of corn stover were compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Zhang
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Chi Li
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Wenyu Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Jingkun Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- College of Life Science and Technology
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Gang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- College of Life Science and Technology
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16
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Li J, Wang Y, Wei X, Wang F, Han D, Wang Q, Kong L. Homogeneous isolation of nanocelluloses by controlling the shearing force and pressure in microenvironment. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 113:388-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Chen D, Zhou J, Zhang Q. Effects of heating rate on slow pyrolysis behavior, kinetic parameters and products properties of moso bamboo. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 169:313-319. [PMID: 25063973 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2014] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Effects of heating rate on slow pyrolysis behaviors, kinetic parameters, and products properties of moso bamboo were investigated in this study. Pyrolysis experiments were performed up to 700 °C at heating rates of 5, 10, 20, and 30 °C/min using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and a lab-scale fixed bed pyrolysis reactor. The results show that the onset and offset temperatures of the main devolatilization stage of thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry (TG/DTG) curves obviously shift toward the high-temperature range, and the activation energy values increase with increasing heating rate. The heating rate has different effects on the pyrolysis products properties, including biochar (element content, proximate analysis, specific surface area, heating value), bio-oil (water content, chemical composition), and non-condensable gas. The solid yields from the fixed bed pyrolysis reactor are noticeably different from those of TGA mainly because the thermal hysteresis of the sample in the fixed bed pyrolysis reactor is more thorough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengyu Chen
- Materials Science & Engineering College, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Jianbin Zhou
- Materials Science & Engineering College, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qisheng Zhang
- Materials Science & Engineering College, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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18
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Zhang H, Qi S, Dong Y, Chen X, Xu Y, Ma Y, Chen X. A sensitive colorimetric method for the determination of nitrite in water supplies, meat and dairy products using ionic liquid-modified methyl red as a colour reagent. Food Chem 2014; 151:429-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Zhang J, Feng L, Wang D, Zhang R, Liu G, Cheng G. Thermogravimetric analysis of lignocellulosic biomass with ionic liquid pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 153:379-82. [PMID: 24365118 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Thermogravimetry (TG) was employed to understand the interactions between ionic liquids (ILs) and biomass components. The thermal decomposition profiles of several biomass samples with IL pretreatment at different temperatures were studied by TG. Samples of Avicel (PH101), xylan from beechwood and alkaline lignin as well as switchgrass and corn stover were pretreated using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([C4mim][OAc]) at temperatures of 50-130°C for 6h. Analysis of TG data provided insight into the mode of degradation of xylan and lignin in [C4mim][OAc]. Pretreated Avicel samples exhibited higher decomposition temperatures due to transformation from cellulose I into cellulose II, while samples of switchgrass and corn stover showed an improved thermal stability as a result of removal of minerals by [C4mim][OAc]. More intensive pretreatment produced decreased thermal resistance due to degradation of biomass components and decrystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafu Zhang
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lu Feng
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Guangqing Liu
- Biomass Energy and Environmental Engineering Research Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Gang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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20
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Wang Y, Wei X, Li J, Wang Q, Wang F, Kong L. Homogeneous Isolation of Nanocellulose from Cotton Cellulose by High Pressure Homogenization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/msce.2013.15010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Investigations of novel nitrile-based ionic liquids as pre-treatment solvent for extraction of lignin from bamboo biomass. J IND ENG CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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