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Bower DM, Yang CSC, Hewagama T, Nixon CA, Aslam S, Whelley PL, Eigenbrode JL, Jin F, Ruliffson J, Kolasinski JR, Samuels AC. Spectroscopic characterization of samples from different environments in a Volcano-Glacial region in Iceland: Implications for in situ planetary exploration. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 263:120205. [PMID: 34332244 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy and laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) are complementary techniques that together can provide a comprehensive characterization of geologic environments. For landed missions with constrained access to target materials on other planetary bodies, discerning signatures of life and habitability can be daunting, particularly where the preservation of organic compounds that contain the building blocks of life is limited. The main challenge facing any spectroscopy measurements of natural samples is the complicated spectra that often contain signatures for multiple components, particularly in rocks that are composed of several minerals with surfaces colonized by microbes. The goal of this study was to use the combination of Raman spectroscopy and LIBS to discern different environmental regimes based on the identification of minerals and biomolecules in rocks and sediments. Iceland is a terrestrial volcano-glacial location that offers a range of planetary analog environments, including volcanically active regions, extensive lava fields, geothermal springs, and large swaths of ice-covered terrain that are relevant to both rocky and icy planetary bodies. We combined portable VIS (532 nm) and NIR (785 nm) Raman spectroscopy, VIS micro-Raman spectroscopic mapping, and UV/VIS/NIR (200 - 1000 nm) and Mid-IR (5.6 - 10 μm, 1785 - 1000 cm-1) laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to characterize the mineral assemblages, hydrated components, and biomolecules in rock and sediment samples collected from three main sites in the volcanically active Kverkfjöll-Vatnajökull region of Iceland: basalt and basalt-hosted carbonate rind from Hveragil geothermal stream, volcanic sediments from the base of Vatnajökull glacier at Kverkfjöll, and lava from the nearby Holuhraun lava field. With our combination of techniques, we were able to identify major mineral polytypes typical for each sample set, as well as a large diversity of biomolecules typical for lichen communities across all samples. The anatase we observed using micro-Raman spectroscopic mapping of the lava compared with the volcanic sediment suggested different formation pathways: lava anatase formed authigenically, sediment anatase could have formed in association with microbial weathering. Mn-oxide, only detected in the carbonate samples, seems to have two possible formation pathways, either by fluvial or microbial weathering or both. Even with our ability to detect a wide diversity of biomolecules and minerals in all of the samples, there was not enough variation between each set to distinguish different environments based on the limited measurements done for this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M Bower
- University of Maryland, Department of Astronomy, College Park, MD 20742, USA; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
| | | | - Tilak Hewagama
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
| | - Conor A Nixon
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
| | - Shahid Aslam
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
| | - Patrick L Whelley
- University of Maryland, Department of Astronomy, College Park, MD 20742, USA; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA.
| | | | - Feng Jin
- Brimrose Corporation of America, Sparks-Glencoe, MD 21152, USA.
| | - Jennifer Ruliffson
- University of North Florida, Department of Chemistry, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Alan C Samuels
- Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USA.
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Streckaite S, Llansola-Portoles MJ, Pascal AA, Ilioaia C, Gall A, Seki S, Fujii R, Robert B. Pigment structure in the light-harvesting protein of the siphonous green alga Codium fragile. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148384. [PMID: 33545114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The siphonaxanthin-siphonein-chlorophyll-a/b-binding protein (SCP), a trimeric light-harvesting complex isolated from photosystem II of the siphonous green alga Codium fragile, binds the carotenoid siphonaxanthin (Sx) and/or its ester siphonein in place of lutein, in addition to chlorophylls a/b and neoxanthin. SCP exhibits a higher content of chlorophyll b (Chl-b) than its counterpart in green plants, light-harvesting complex II (LHCII), increasing the relative absorption of blue-green light for photosynthesis. Using low temperature absorption and resonance Raman spectroscopies, we reveal the presence of two non-equivalent Sx molecules in SCP, and assign their absorption peaks at 501 and 535 nm. The red-absorbing Sx population exhibits a significant distortion that is reminiscent of lutein 2 in trimeric LHCII. Unexpected enhancement of the Raman modes of Chls-b in SCP allows an unequivocal description of seven to nine non-equivalent Chls-b, and six distinct Chl-a populations in this protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Streckaite
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Manuel J Llansola-Portoles
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andrew A Pascal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Cristian Ilioaia
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andrew Gall
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Soichiro Seki
- Osaka City University, Graduate School of Science, Sumiyoshi Ku, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Osaka 5588585, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Fujii
- Osaka City University, Graduate School of Science, Sumiyoshi Ku, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Osaka 5588585, Japan; Osaka City University, The OCU Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Sumiyoshi Ku, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Osaka 5588585, Japan
| | - Bruno Robert
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Barkhudaryan VG, Ananyan GV. Development of viscometric methods for studying the interaction of porphyrins with DNA. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 38:3489-3495. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1660217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gayane V. Ananyan
- Department of Molecular Physics, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
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4
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Llansola-Portoles MJ, Li F, Xu P, Streckaite S, Ilioaia C, Yang C, Gall A, Pascal AA, Croce R, Robert B. Tuning antenna function through hydrogen bonds to chlorophyll a. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1861:148078. [PMID: 31476286 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.148078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We describe a molecular mechanism tuning the functional properties of chlorophyll a (Chl-a) molecules in photosynthetic antenna proteins. Light-harvesting complexes from photosystem II in higher plants - specifically LHCII purified with α- or β-dodecyl-maltoside, along with CP29 - were probed by low-temperature absorption and resonance Raman spectroscopies. We show that hydrogen bonding to the conjugated keto carbonyl group of protein-bound Chl-a tunes the energy of its Soret and Qy absorption transitions, inducing red-shifts that are proportional to the strength of the hydrogen bond involved. Chls-a with non-H-bonded keto C131 groups exhibit the blue-most absorption bands, while both transitions are progressively red-shifted with increasing hydrogen-bonding strength - by up 382 & 605 cm-1 in the Qy and Soret band, respectively. These hydrogen bonds thus tune the site energy of Chl-a in light-harvesting proteins, determining (at least in part) the cascade of energy transfer events in these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel J Llansola-Portoles
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Pengqi Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Simona Streckaite
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Cristian Ilioaia
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Chunhong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, PR China
| | - Andrew Gall
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Andrew A Pascal
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France.
| | - Roberta Croce
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bruno Robert
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France.
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Excited State Frequencies of Chlorophyll f and Chlorophyll a and Evaluation of Displacement through Franck-Condon Progression Calculations. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24071326. [PMID: 30987301 PMCID: PMC6479460 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24071326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We present ground and excited state frequency calculations of the recently discovered extremely red-shifted chlorophyll f. We discuss the experimentally available vibrational mode assignments of chlorophyll f and chlorophyll a which are characterised by particularly large downshifts of 131-keto mode in the excited state. The accuracy of excited state frequencies and their displacements are evaluated by the construction of Franck–Condon (FC) and Herzberg–Teller (HT) progressions at the CAM-B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. Results show that while CAM-B3LYP results are improved relative to B3LYP calculations, the displacements and downshifts of high-frequency modes are underestimated still, and that the progressions calculated for low temperature are dominated by low-frequency modes rather than fingerprint modes that are Resonant Raman active.
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Streckaite S, Gardian Z, Li F, Pascal AA, Litvin R, Robert B, Llansola-Portoles MJ. Pigment configuration in the light-harvesting protein of the xanthophyte alga Xanthonema debile. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 138:139-148. [PMID: 30006883 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-018-0557-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The soil chromophyte alga Xanthonema (X.) debile contains only non-carbonyl carotenoids and Chl-a. X. debile has an antenna system denoted Xanthophyte light-harvesting complex (XLH) that contains the carotenoids diadinoxanthin, heteroxanthin, and vaucheriaxanthin. The XLH pigment stoichiometry was calculated by chromatographic techniques and the pigment-binding structure studied by resonance Raman spectroscopy. The pigment ratio obtained by HPLC was found to be close to 8:1:2:1 Chl-a:heteroxanthin:diadinoxanthin:vaucheriaxanthin. The resonance Raman spectra suggest the presence of 8-10 Chl-a, all of which are 5-coordinated to the central Mg, with 1-3 Chl-a possessing a macrocycle distorted from the relaxed conformation. The three populations of carotenoids are in the all-trans configuration. Vaucheriaxanthin absorbs around 500-530 nm, diadinoxanthin at 494 nm and heteroxanthin at 487 nm at 4.5 K. The effective conjugation length of heteroxanthin and diadinoxanthin has been determined as 9.4 in both cases; the environment polarizability of the heteroxanthin and diadinoxanthin binding pockets is 0.270 and 0.305, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Streckaite
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Zdenko Gardian
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branisovska 31, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Fei Li
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
- Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, People's Republic of China
| | - Andrew A Pascal
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Radek Litvin
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Branisovska 31, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Bruno Robert
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Manuel J Llansola-Portoles
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France.
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7
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Shukla MK, Llansola-Portoles MJ, Tichý M, Pascal AA, Robert B, Sobotka R. Binding of pigments to the cyanobacterial high-light-inducible protein HliC. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 137:29-39. [PMID: 29280045 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0475-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria possess a family of one-helix high-light-inducible proteins (HLIPs) that are widely viewed as ancestors of the light-harvesting antenna of plants and algae. HLIPs are essential for viability under various stress conditions, although their exact role is not fully understood. The unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 contains four HLIPs named HliA-D, and HliD has recently been isolated in a small protein complex and shown to bind chlorophyll and β-carotene. However, no HLIP has been isolated and characterized in a pure form up to now. We have developed a protocol to purify large quantities of His-tagged HliC from an engineered Synechocystis strain. Purified His-HliC is a pigmented homo-oligomer and is associated with chlorophyll and β-carotene with a 2:1 ratio. This differs from the 3:1 ratio reported for HliD. Comparison of these two HLIPs by resonance Raman spectroscopy revealed a similar conformation for their bound β-carotenes, but clear differences in their chlorophylls. We present and discuss a structural model of HliC, in which a dimeric protein binds four chlorophyll molecules and two β-carotenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Kumar Shukla
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 01, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Manuel J Llansola-Portoles
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Martin Tichý
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew A Pascal
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Bruno Robert
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 01, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Llansola-Portoles MJ, Litvin R, Ilioaia C, Pascal AA, Bina D, Robert B. Pigment structure in the violaxanthin-chlorophyll-a-binding protein VCP. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2017; 134:51-58. [PMID: 28677008 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Resonance Raman spectroscopy was used to evaluate pigment-binding site properties in the violaxanthin-chlorophyll-a-binding protein (VCP) from Nannochloropsis oceanica. The pigments bound to this antenna protein are chlorophyll-a, violaxanthin, and vaucheriaxanthin. The molecular structures of bound Chl-a molecules are discussed with respect to those of the plant antenna proteins LHCII and CP29, the crystal structures of which are known. We show that three populations of carotenoid molecules are bound by VCP, each of which is in an all-trans configuration. We assign the lower-energy absorption transition of each of these as follows. One violaxanthin population absorbs at 485 nm, while the second population is red-shifted and absorbs at 503 nm. The vaucheriaxanthin population absorbs at 525 nm, a position red-shifted by 2138 cm-1 as compared to isolated vaucheriaxanthin in n-hexane. The red-shifted violaxanthin is slightly less planar than the blue-absorbing one, as observed for the two central luteins in LHCII, and we suggest that these violaxanthins occupy the two equivalent binding sites in VCP at the centre of the cross-brace. The presence of a highly red-shifted vaucheriaxanthin in VCP is reminiscent of the situation of FCP, in which (even more) highly red-shifted populations of fucoxanthin are present. Tuning carotenoids to absorb in the green-yellow region of the visible spectrum appears to be a common evolutionary response to competition with other photosynthetic species in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel J Llansola-Portoles
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), IBITECS, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France.
| | - Radek Litvin
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre CAS, Branisovska 31, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Cristian Ilioaia
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), IBITECS, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Andrew A Pascal
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), IBITECS, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - David Bina
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre CAS, Branisovska 31, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 370 05, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Bruno Robert
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), IBITECS, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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Llansola-Portoles MJ, Sobotka R, Kish E, Shukla MK, Pascal AA, Polívka T, Robert B. Twisting a β-Carotene, an Adaptive Trick from Nature for Dissipating Energy during Photoprotection. J Biol Chem 2016; 292:1396-1403. [PMID: 27994060 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.753723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria possess a family of one-helix high light-inducible proteins (Hlips) that are homologous to light-harvesting antenna of plants and algae. An Hlip protein, high light-inducible protein D (HliD) purified as a small complex with the Ycf39 protein is evaluated using resonance Raman spectroscopy. We show that the HliD binds two different β-carotenes, each present in two non-equivalent binding pockets with different conformations, having their (0,0) absorption maxima at 489 and 522 nm, respectively. Both populations of β-carotene molecules were in all-trans configuration and the absorption position of the farthest blue-shifted β-carotene was attributed entirely to the polarizability of the environment in its binding pocket. In contrast, the absorption maximum of the red-shifted β-carotene was attributed to two different factors: the polarizability of the environment in its binding pocket and, more importantly, to the conformation of its β-rings. This second β-carotene has highly twisted β-rings adopting a flat conformation, which implies that the effective conjugation length N is extended up to 10.5 modifying the energetic levels. This increase in N will also result in a lower S1 energy state, which may provide a permanent energy dissipation channel. Analysis of the carbonyl stretching region for chlorophyll a excitations indicates that the HliD binds six chlorophyll a molecules in five non-equivalent binding sites, with at least one chlorophyll a presenting a slight distortion to its macrocycle. The binding modes and conformations of HliD-bound pigments are discussed with respect to the known structures of LHCII and CP29.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel J Llansola-Portoles
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France,
| | - Roman Sobotka
- the Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Třeboň, 379 81, Czech Republic, and
| | - Elizabeth Kish
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Mahendra Kumar Shukla
- the Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Třeboň, 379 81, Czech Republic, and
| | - Andrew A Pascal
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Tomáš Polívka
- the Institute of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 370 01, Czech Republic
| | - Bruno Robert
- From the Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
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10
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Llansola-Portoles MJ, Uragami C, Pascal AA, Bina D, Litvin R, Robert B. Pigment structure in the FCP-like light-harvesting complex from Chromera velia. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:1759-1765. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Etinski M, Petković M, Ristić M. A quantum-chemical study of the chlorophyll phosphorescence spectrum: Electron-vibrational coupling and coordination effects. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Premvardhan L, Robert B, Hiller RG. Pigment organisation in the membrane-intrinsic major light-harvesting complex of Amphidinium carterae: Structural characterisation of the peridinins and chlorophylls a and c2 by resonance Raman spectroscopy and from sequence analysis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1847:1187-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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13
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Sano Y, Endo K, Tomo T, Noguchi T. Modified molecular interactions of the pheophytin and plastoquinone electron acceptors in photosystem II of chlorophyll D-containing Acaryochloris marina as revealed by FTIR spectroscopy. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2015; 125:105-114. [PMID: 25560630 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-014-0073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Acaryochloris marina is a unique cyanobacterium that contains chlorophyll (Chl) d as a major pigment. Because Chl d has smaller excitation energy than Chl a used in ordinary photosynthetic organisms, the energetics of the photosystems of A. marina have been the subject of interest. It was previously shown that the redox potentials (E m's) of the redox-active pheophytin a (Pheo) and the primary plastoquinone electron acceptor (QA) in photosystem II (PSII) of A. marina are higher than those in Chl a-containing PSII, to compensate for the smaller excitation energy of Chl d (Allakhverdiev et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 107: 3924-3929, 2010; ibid. 108: 8054-8058, 2011). To clarify the mechanisms of these E m increases, in this study, we have investigated the molecular interactions of Pheo and QA in PSII core complexes from A. marina using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Light-induced FTIR difference spectra upon single reduction of Pheo and QA showed that spectral features in the regions of the keto and ester C=O stretches and the chlorin ring vibrations of Pheo and in the CO/CC stretching region of the Q A (-) semiquinone anion in A. marina are significantly different from those of the corresponding spectra in Chl a-containing cyanobacteria. These observations indicate that the molecular interactions, including the hydrogen bond interactions at the C=O groups, of these cofactors are modified in their binding sites of PSII proteins. From these results, along with the sequence information of the D1 and D2 proteins, it is suggested that A. marina tunes the E m's of Pheo and QA by altering nearby hydrogen bond networks to modify the structures of the binding pockets of these cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Sano
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8602, Japan
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Etinski M, Petković M, Ristić MM, Marian CM. Electron–Vibrational Coupling and Fluorescence Spectra of Tetra-, Penta-, and Hexacoordinated Chlorophylls c1 and c2. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:10156-69. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b05079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mihajlo Etinski
- Faculty
of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Petković
- Faculty
of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav M. Ristić
- Faculty
of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Christel M. Marian
- Institute
of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstrasse
1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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15
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Gall A, Pascal AA, Robert B. Vibrational techniques applied to photosynthesis: Resonance Raman and fluorescence line-narrowing. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1847:12-8. [PMID: 25268562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Resonance Raman spectroscopy may yield precise information on the conformation of, and the interactions assumed by, the chromophores involved in the first steps of the photosynthetic process. Selectivity is achieved via resonance with the absorption transition of the chromophore of interest. Fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopy is a complementary technique, in that it provides the same level of information (structure, conformation, interactions), but in this case for the emitting pigment(s) only (whether isolated or in an ensemble of interacting chromophores). The selectivity provided by these vibrational techniques allows for the analysis of pigment molecules not only when they are isolated in solvents, but also when embedded in soluble or membrane proteins and even, as shown recently, in vivo. They can be used, for instance, to relate the electronic properties of these pigment molecules to their structure and/or the physical properties of their environment. These techniques are even able to follow subtle changes in chromophore conformation associated with regulatory processes. After a short introduction to the physical principles that govern resonance Raman and fluorescence line-narrowing spectroscopies, the information content of the vibrational spectra of chlorophyll and carotenoid molecules is described in this article, together with the experiments which helped in determining which structural parameter(s) each vibrational band is sensitive to. A selection of applications is then presented, in order to illustrate how these techniques have been used in the field of photosynthesis, and what type of information has been obtained. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Vibrational spectroscopies and bioenergetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Gall
- Institute of Biology and Technology Saclay, CEA, UMR 8221 CNRS, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Andrew A Pascal
- Institute of Biology and Technology Saclay, CEA, UMR 8221 CNRS, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Bruno Robert
- Institute of Biology and Technology Saclay, CEA, UMR 8221 CNRS, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France.
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16
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Sadaoka K, Saga Y. Effects of the central metal on stretching vibrational bands of the peripheral carbonyl moieties in formylated chlorophyll derivatives studied by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2014. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424614500242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The vibrational properties of metal complexes of monoformylated and diformylated chlorophyll derivatives were compared with those of the corresponding free-base chlorins to unravel the effects of the central metal on the carbonyl stretching vibration modes of the peripheral oxygen functional groups in the chlorin macrocycle by means of FTIR spectroscopy. The 3- C = O stretching vibrational bands of a 3-formyl group were shifted to lower wavenumbers by insertion of Zn and Cu into the center of the 3-formyl free-base chlorin. In contrast, the 7- and 8- C = O stretching vibrational bands of the formyl groups linked to the B-ring of the chlorin macrocycle were barely shifted even if 7- and 8-formyl free-base chlorins were metalated. The down-shifts of the 3- C = O and few shifts of the 7-/8- C = O vibrational stretching bands were in line with the results of DFT calculations. The difference in the effects of the central metal on the vibrational properties between the formyl group in the A-ring and those in the B-ring is ascribable to the different conjugation manners with the adjacent π-system: the 3-formyl group was connected to the chlorin 18π-system, whereas the 7-/8-formyl groups were conjugated to the rather isolated C 7– C 8 double bond. The 13- C = O stretching vibrational bands were shifted to lower wavenumbers by metalation. These down-shifts can also be rationalized by invoking the conjugation of the 13-keto group with the chlorin 18π-system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kana Sadaoka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Saga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
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17
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Real-time vibrational dynamics in chlorophyll a studied with a few-cycle pulse laser. Biophys J 2011; 101:995-1003. [PMID: 21843492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We use a 6.8-fs laser as the light source for broad-band femtosecond pump-probe real-time vibrational spectroscopy to investigate both electronic relaxation and vibrational dynamics of the Q(y)-band of Chl-a at 293 K. More than 25 vibrational modes coupled to the Q(y) transition are observed. Eleven of them have been clarified predominantly due to the excited state, and six of them are concluded to be nearly exclusively resulting from the ground-state wave-packet motion. Moreover, thanks to the broad-band detection over 5000 cm⁻¹, the modulated signals due to the excited state vibrational coherence are observed on both sides of the 0-0 transition with equal separation. The corresponding nonlinear process has been studied using a three-level model, from which the probe wavelength dependence of the phase of the periodic modulation can be calculated. The probe wavelength dependence of the vibrational amplitude is interpreted in terms of the interaction between the "pump" or "laser," Stokes, and anti-Stokes field intermediated by the molecular vibrations. In addition, an excited state absorption peak at ~709 nm has been observed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of broad-band real-time vibrational spectroscopy in Chl-a.
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Sytina OA, Alexandre MT, Heyes DJ, Hunter CN, Robert B, van Grondelle R, Groot ML. Enzyme activation and catalysis: characterisation of the vibrational modes of substrate and product in protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 13:2307-13. [PMID: 21103538 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01686a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The light-dependent reduction of protochlorophyllide, a key step in the synthesis of chlorophyll, is catalyzed by the enzyme protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR) and requires two photons (O. A. Sytina et al., Nature, 2008, 456, 1001-1008). The first photon activates the enzyme-substrate complex, a subsequent second photon initiates the photochemistry by triggering the formation of a catalytic intermediate. These two events are characterized by different spectral changes in the infra-red spectral region. Here, we investigate the vibrational frequencies of the POR-bound and unbound substrate, and product, and thus provide a detailed assignment of the spectral changes in the 1800-1250 cm(-1) region associated with the catalytic conversion of PChlide:NADPH:TyrOH into Chlide:NADP(+):TyrO(-). Fluorescence line narrowed spectra of the POR-bound Pchlide reveal a C=O keto group downshifted by more than 20 cm(-1) to a relatively low vibrational frequency of 1653 cm(-1), as compared to the unbound Pchlide, indicating that binding of the chromophore to the protein occurs via strong hydrogen bond(s). The frequencies of the C=C vibrational modes are consistent with a six-coordinated state of the POR-bound Pchlide, suggesting that there are two coordination interactions between the central Mg atom of the chromophore and protein residues, and/or a water molecule. The frequencies of the C=C vibrational modes of Chlide are consistent with a five-coordinated state, indicating a single interaction between the central Mg atom of the chromophore and a water molecule. Rapid-scan FTIR measurements on the Pchlide:POR:NADPH complex at 4 cm(-1) spectral resolution reveal a new band in the 1670 cm(-1) region. The FTIR spectra of the enzyme activation phase indicate involvement of a nucleotide-binding structural motif, and an increased exposure of the protein to solvent after activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Sytina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Premvardhan L, Robert B, Beer A, Büchel C. Pigment organization in fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c2 proteins (FCP) based on resonance Raman spectroscopy and sequence analysis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2010; 1797:1647-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Revised: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Sytina OA, van Stokkum IHM, Heyes DJ, Hunter CN, van Grondelle R, Groot ML. Protochlorophyllide excited-state dynamics in organic solvents studied by time-resolved visible and mid-infrared spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:4335-44. [PMID: 20205376 DOI: 10.1021/jp9089326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Protochlorophyllide (PChlide) is a precursor in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll. Complexed with NADPH to the enzyme protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR), it is reduced to chlorophyllide, a process that occurs via a set of spectroscopically distinct intermediate states and is initiated from the excited state of PChlide. To obtain a better understanding of these catalytic events, we characterized the excited state dynamics of PChlide in the solvents tetrahydrofuran (THF), methanol, and Tris/Triton buffer using ultrafast transient absorption in the visible and mid-infrared spectral regions and time-resolved fluorescence emission experiments. For comparison, we present time-resolved transient absorption measurements of chlorophyll a in THF. From the combined analysis of these experiments, we derive that during the 2-3 ns excited state lifetime an extensive multiphasic quenching of the emission occurs due to solvation of the excited state, which is in agreement with the previously proposed internal charge transfer (ICT) character of the S1 state ( Zhao , G. J. ; Han , K. L. Biophys. J. 2008 , 94 , 38 ). The solvation process in methanol occurs in conjunction with a strengthening of a hydrogen bond to the Pchlide keto carbonyl group. We demonstrate that the internal conversion from the S2 to S1 excited states is remarkably slow and stretches out on to the 700 fs time scale, causing a rise of blue-shifted signals in the transient absorption and a gain of emission in the time-resolved fluorescence. A triplet state is populated on the nanosecond time scale with a maximal yield of approximately 23%. The consequences of these observations for the catalytic pathway and the role of the triplet and ICT state in activation of the enzyme are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Sytina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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21
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Telfer A, Pascal AA, Bordes L, Barber J, Robert B. Fluorescence Line Narrowing Studies on Isolated Chlorophyll Molecules. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:2255-60. [DOI: 10.1021/jp907537a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Telfer
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Biochemistry Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and Institut de Biologie et de Technologies de Saclay, CEA, and URA 2096, CNRS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andrew A. Pascal
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Biochemistry Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and Institut de Biologie et de Technologies de Saclay, CEA, and URA 2096, CNRS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Luc Bordes
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Biochemistry Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and Institut de Biologie et de Technologies de Saclay, CEA, and URA 2096, CNRS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - James Barber
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Biochemistry Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and Institut de Biologie et de Technologies de Saclay, CEA, and URA 2096, CNRS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bruno Robert
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Biochemistry Building, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, U.K., and Institut de Biologie et de Technologies de Saclay, CEA, and URA 2096, CNRS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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22
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Robert B. Resonance Raman spectroscopy. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2009; 101:147-55. [PMID: 19568956 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-009-9440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 05/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Resonance Raman spectroscopy may yield precise information on the conformation of, and on the interactions assumed by, the chromophores involved in the first steps of the photosynthetic process, whether isolated in solvents, embedded in soluble or membrane proteins, or, as shown recently, in vivo. By making use of this technique, it is possible, for instance, to relate the electronic properties of these molecules to their structure and/or the physical properties of their environment, or to determine subtle changes of their conformation associated with regulatory processes. After a short introduction to the physical principles that govern resonance Raman spectroscopy, the information content of resonance Raman spectra of chlorophyll and carotenoid molecules is described in this review, together with the experiments which helped in determining which structural parameter each Raman band is sensitive to. A selection of applications of this technique is then presented, in order to give a fair and precise idea of which type of information can be obtained from its use in the field of photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Robert
- Institute of Biology and Technology of Saclay, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, URA 2096 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif sur Yvette, France.
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23
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Morishita H, Tamiaki H. Specific coupling between the 13-keto carbonyl and chlorin skeletal vibrational modes of synthetic 13(1)-(18)O-(un)labelled metallochlorophyll derivatives. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 72:274-279. [PMID: 19022702 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2008.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Revised: 09/04/2008] [Accepted: 09/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Metal complexes of methyl 13(1)-(18)O-labelled pyropheophorbide-a1-M-(18)O (M=Zn, Cu and Ni) were prepared by metallation of the (18)O-labelled free base (1-(18)O) and (18)O-labelling of unlabelled nickel complex (1-Ni). The FT-IR spectra of 1-Zn and 1-Zn-(18)O in CH(2)Cl(2) showed that the 13-keto carbonyl stretching vibration mode moved to about a 30-cm(-1) lower wavenumber by (18)O-labelling of the 13(1)-oxo moiety. In 1-Cu-(18)O and 1-Ni-(18)O, the 13-C==(18)O stretching modes were close to the highest-energy wavenumber mode of chlorin skeletal C-C/C-N vibrations at around 1650cm(-1) and they were coupled in CH(2)Cl(2) to give two split IR bands (Fermi resonance). A similar coupling was observed in the resonance Raman scattering of 1-Ni-(18)O in the solid state. The hydrogen-bonded 13-C==(16)O vibration mode of 1-Ni similarly coupled with the skeletal C-C/C-N mode in CCl(4) containing 1% (v/v) 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol, while such a coupling was not observed in a neat CCl(4) solution of 1-Ni possessing the 13-C==(16)O free from any interaction. The skeletal C-C/C-N band selectively coupled with the 13-C==O, not with the 3-C==O, when the difference in their peak maxima was less than 20 cm(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetada Morishita
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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24
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Bonetti C, Alexandre M, Hiller R, Kennis J, Grondelle RV. Chl-a triplet quenching by peridinin in H-PCP and organic solvent revealed by step-scan FTIR time-resolved spectroscopy. Chem Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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O. Senge M. Structure and Conformation of Photosynthetic Pigments and Related Compounds. 13. Identification of Localized Vibrational Modes in Chlorophyll A Derivatives. HETEROCYCLES 2009. [DOI: 10.3987/com-09-11674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Zucchelli G, Brogioli D, Casazza AP, Garlaschi FM, Jennings RC. Chlorophyll ring deformation modulates Qy electronic energy in chlorophyll-protein complexes and generates spectral forms. Biophys J 2007; 93:2240-54. [PMID: 17513370 PMCID: PMC1959541 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.107.104554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility that the chlorophyll (chl) ring distortions observed in the crystal structures of chl-protein complexes are involved in the transition energy modulation, giving rise to the spectral forms, is investigated. The out-of-plane chl-macrocycle distortions are described using an orthonormal set of deformations, defined by the displacements along the six lowest-frequency, out-of-plane normal coordinates. The total chl-ring deformation is the linear combination of these six deformations. The two higher occupied and the two lower unoccupied chl molecular orbitals, which define the Q(y) electronic transition, have the same symmetry as four of the six out-of-plane lowest frequency modes. We assume that a deformation along the normal-coordinate having the same symmetry as a given molecular orbital will perturb that orbital and modify its energy. The changes in the chl Q(y) transition energies are evaluated in the Peridinin-Chl-Protein complex and in light harvesting complex II (LHCII), using crystallographic data. The macrocycle deformations induce a distribution of the chl Q(y) electronic energy transitions which, for LHCII, is broader for chla than for chlb. This provides the physical mechanism to explain the long-held view that the chla spectral forms in LHCII are both more numerous and cover a wider energy range than those of chlb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Zucchelli
- Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche-Istituto di Biofisica, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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27
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Shiu Y, Shi Y, Hayashi M, Su C, Han K, Lin S. Femtosecond spectroscopy study of electronically excited states of Chlorophyll a molecules in ethanol. Chem Phys Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(03)01272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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28
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Zucchelli G, Jennings RC, Garlaschi FM, Cinque G, Bassi R, Cremonesi O. The calculated in vitro and in vivo chlorophyll a absorption bandshape. Biophys J 2002; 82:378-90. [PMID: 11751324 PMCID: PMC1302477 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(02)75402-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The room temperature absorption bandshape for the Q transition region of chlorophyll a is calculated using the vibrational frequency modes and Franck-Condon (FC) factors obtained by line-narrowing spectroscopies of chlorophyll a in a glassy (Rebane and Avarmaa, Chem. Phys. 1982; 68:191-200) and in a native environment (Gillie et al., J. Phys. Chem. 1989; 93:1620-1627) at low temperatures. The calculated bandshapes are compared with the absorption spectra of chlorophyll a measured in two different solvents and with that obtained in vivo by a mutational analysis of a chlorophyll-protein complex. It is demonstrated that the measured distributions of FC factors can account for the absorption bandshape of chlorophyll a in a hexacoordinated state, whereas, when pentacoordinated, reduced FC coupling for vibrational frequencies in the range 540-850 cm(-1) occurs. The FC factor distribution for pentacoordinated chlorophyll also describes the native chlorophyll a spectrum but, in this case, either a low-frequency mode (nu < 200 cm(-1)) must be added or else the 262-cm(-1) mode must increase in coupling by about one order of magnitude to describe the skewness of the main absorption bandshape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Zucchelli
- Centro Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Biologia Cellulare e Molecolare Piante, Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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29
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Breton J. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of primary electron donors in type I photosynthetic reaction centers. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1507:180-93. [PMID: 11687214 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(01)00206-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The vibrational properties of the primary electron donors (P) of type I photosynthetic reaction centers, as investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) difference spectroscopy in the last 15 years, are briefly reviewed. The results obtained on the microenvironment of the chlorophyll molecules in P700 of photosystem I and of the bacteriochlorophyll molecules in P840 of the green bacteria (Chlorobium) and in P798 of heliobacteria are presented and discussed with special attention to the bonding interactions with the protein of the carbonyl groups and of the central Mg atom of the pigments. The observation of broad electronic transitions in the mid-IR for the cationic state of all the primary donors investigated provides evidence for charge repartition over two (B)Chl molecules. In the green sulfur bacteria and the heliobacteria, the assignments proposed for the carbonyl groups of P and P(+) are still very tentative. In contrast, the axial ligands of P700 in photosystem I have been identified and the vibrational properties of the chlorophyll (Chl) molecules involved in P700, P700(+), and (3)P700 are well described in terms of two molecules, denoted P(1) and P(2), with very different hydrogen bonding patterns. While P(1) has hydrogen bonds to both the 9-keto and the 10a-ester C=O groups and bears all the triplet character in (3)P700, the carbonyl groups of P(2) are free from hydrogen bonding. The positive charge in P700(+) is shared between the two Chl molecules with a ratio ranging from 1:1 to 2:1, in favor of P(2), depending on the temperature and the species. The localization of the triplet in (3)P700 and of the unpaired electron in P700(+) deduced from FTIR spectroscopy is in sharp contrast with that resulting from the analysis of the magnetic resonance experiments. However, the FTIR results are in excellent agreement with the most recent structural model derived from X-ray crystallography of photosystem I at 2.5 A resolution that reveals the hydrogen bonds to the carbonyl groups of the Chl in P700 as well as the histidine ligands of the central Mg atoms predicted from the FTIR data.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Breton
- SBE/DBCM, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Cedex, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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30
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Rau HK, Snigula H, Struck A, Robert B, Scheer H, Haehnel W. Design, synthesis and properties of synthetic chlorophyll proteins. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2001; 268:3284-95. [PMID: 11389731 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02231.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A chemoselective method is described for coupling chlorophyll derivatives with an aldehyde group to synthetic peptides or proteins modified with an aminoxyacetyl group at the epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue. Three template-assembled antiparallel four-helix bundles were synthesized for the ligation of one or two chlorophylls. This was achieved by coupling unprotected peptides to cysteine residues of a cyclic decapeptide by thioether formation. The amphiphilic helices were designed to form a hydrophobic pocket for the chlorophyll derivatives. Chlorophyll derivatives Zn-methyl-pheophorbide b and Zn-methyl-pyropheophorbide d were used. The aldehyde group of these chlorophyll derivatives was ligated to the modified lysine group to form an oxime bond. The peptide-chlorophyll conjugates were characterized by electrospray mass spectrometry, analytical HPLC, and UV/visible spectroscopy. Two four-helix bundle chlorophyll conjugates were further characterized by size-exclusion chromatography, circular dichroism, and resonance Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Rau
- Institut für Biologie II/Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany
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31
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Furukawa H, Kuroda K, Watanabe T. Adsorption of Zinc-Metallated Chlorophyllous Pigments on FSM-Type Mesoporous Silica. CHEM LETT 2000. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2000.1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Pascal A, Wacker U, Irrgang KD, Horton P, Renger G, Robert B. Pigment binding site properties of two photosystem II antenna proteins. A resonance raman investigation. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:22031-6. [PMID: 10806192 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m000658200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Two light-harvesting proteins associated with photosystem II of higher plants, namely the major antenna complex LHCIIb and the minor Lhcb4 protein (CP29), have been investigated by resonance Raman spectroscopy. One of the two chlorophylls b and up to five of the six chlorophylls a present in Lhcb4 are shown to adopt similar binding conformations to the (presumably) corresponding molecules in LHCIIb, whereas at least two chlorophylls in the former protein assume unique conformations relative to the bulk complex. The overall conformation of bound xanthophyll molecules is identical in the two antenna proteins, although some small differences are apparent. The pigment binding properties of these two LHCs are discussed, with particular reference to possible structural motifs within this extended family of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pascal
- Section de Biophysique des Protéines et des Membranes, Département de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique and URA 2096, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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33
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Umetsu M, Wang Z, Yoza K, Kobayashi M, Nozawa T. Interaction of photosynthetic pigments with various organic solvents 2. Application of magnetic circular dichroism to bacteriochlorophyll a and light-harvesting complex 1. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2000; 1457:106-17. [PMID: 10773156 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(00)00070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and absorption spectra of metal bacteriochlorin complexes have been measured on bacteriochlorophyll (BChl) a in various solvents and different forms of light-harvesting complexes 1 (LH1 complexes). In hydrophilic organic solvents, the MCD intensity of the Q(y)(0-0) transition of BChl a was sensitive to the wavelength of absorption maximum of Q(x)(0-0), and the ratio of MCD Q(y)(0-0) intensity to the dipole strength (B/D) was inversely proportional to the difference in energy between the Q(x)(0-0) and Q(y)(0-0). The similar correlation has been observed in metal chlorin derivatives as previously reported. The correlation depends on the coordination number of the Mg atom in BChl a and the molecules ligating to it. In a hydrophobic solvent such as carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)), however, the correlation did not hold because of the existence of aggregates. Hence, the correlation between the values of B/D and the energy difference can be used to estimate the type and number of the molecules ligated to the Mg atom and to disclose the existence of aggregated pigments. We further apply the correlation to the LH 1 complex treated with n-octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Umetsu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
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34
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Groot ML, Frese RN, de Weerd FL, Bromek K, Pettersson A, Peterman EJ, van Stokkum IH, van Grondelle R, Dekker JP. Spectroscopic properties of the CP43 core antenna protein of photosystem II. Biophys J 1999; 77:3328-40. [PMID: 10585955 PMCID: PMC1300604 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(99)77164-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CP43 is a chlorophyll-protein complex that funnels excitation energy from the main light-harvesting system of photosystem II to the photochemical reaction center. We purified CP43 from spinach photosystem II membranes in the presence of the nonionic detergent n-dodecyl-beta,D-maltoside and recorded its spectroscopic properties at various temperatures between 4 and 293 K by a number of polarized absorption and fluorescence techniques, fluorescence line narrowing, and Stark spectroscopy. The results indicate two "red" states in the Q(y) absorption region of the chlorophylls. The first peaks at 682.5 nm at 4 K, has an extremely narrow bandwidth with a full width at half-maximum of approximately 2.7 nm (58 cm(-1)) at 4 K, and has the oscillator strength of a single chlorophyll. The second peaks at approximately 679 nm, has a much broader bandshape, is caused by several excitonically interacting chlorophylls, and is responsible for all 4 K absorption at wavelengths longer than 685 nm. The Stark spectrum of CP43 resembles the first derivative of the absorption spectrum and has an exceptionally small overall size, which we attribute to opposing orientations of the monomer dipole moments of the excitonically coupled pigments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Groot
- Division of Physics and Astronomy, Institute of Molecular Biological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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35
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Self-assembly of synthetic 81-hydroxy-chlorophyll analogues. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(99)00105-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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36
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Umetsu M, Wang ZY, Kobayashi M, Nozawa T. Interaction of photosynthetic pigments with various organic solvents. Magnetic circular dichroism approach and application to chlorosomes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1999; 1410:19-31. [PMID: 10076012 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(98)00170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and absorption spectra have been measured on three intact photosynthetic pigments with the chlorin ring as macrocycle: chlorophyll a, bacteriochlorophyll c and d, in various hydrophilic organic solvents. The MCD intensity of a Qy(0-0) transition for the Mg chlorin derivative was sensitive to the coordination state of the central Mg atom by the solvent molecules. The coordination number has been characterized in terms of the relationship between the ratio of Qy(0-0) MCD intensity to its dipole strength (B/D) and the difference in energies of Qx(0-0) and Qy(0-0) transitions. This relationship depends not only on the coordination number of the magnesium (Mg) atom but also on the coordination interaction of the solvent molecules to the Mg atom, and can clarify the spectroscopic change of chlorosomes by alcohol treatment. We propose that the correlation between the MCD intensity of Qy(0-0) transition and the energy difference can be used as a new measure for determining the coordination number of the Mg atom and for estimating the interaction strength of the Mg atom with solvent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Umetsu
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aobayama 07, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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37
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Peterman EJ, Wenk SO, Pullerits T, Pâlsson LO, van Grondelle R, Dekker JP, Rögner M, van Amerongen H. Fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy of the weakly fluorescent chlorophyll a in cytochrome b6f of Synechocystis PCC6803. Biophys J 1998; 75:389-98. [PMID: 9649396 PMCID: PMC1299708 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(98)77523-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A spectroscopic characterization of the chlorophyll a (Chl) molecule in the monomeric cytochrome b6f complex (Cytb6f) isolated from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC6803 is presented. The fluorescence lifetime and quantum yield have been determined, and it is shown that Chl in Cytb6f has an excited-state lifetime that is 20 times smaller than that of Chl in methanol. This shortening of the Chl excited state lifetime is not caused by an increased rate of intersystem crossing. Most probably it is due to quenching by a nearby amino acid. It is suggested that this quenching is a mechanism for preventing the formation of Chl triplets, which can lead to the formation of harmful singlet oxygen. Using site-selected fluorescence spectroscopy, detailed information on vibrational frequencies in both the ground and Qy excited states has been obtained. The vibrational frequencies indicate that the Chl molecule has one axial ligand bound to its central magnesium and accepts a hydrogen bond to its 13(1)-keto carbonyl. The results show that the Chl binds to a well-defined pocket of the protein and experiences several close contacts with nearby amino acids. From the site-selected fluorescence spectra, it is further concluded that the electron-phonon coupling is moderately strong. Simulations of both the site-selected fluorescence spectra and the temperature dependence of absorption and fluorescence spectra are presented. These simulations indicate that the Huang-Rhys factor characterizing the electron-phonon coupling strength is between 0.6 and 0.9. The width of the Gaussian inhomogeneous distribution function is 210 +/- 10 cm-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Peterman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Molecular Biological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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38
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Oba T, Tamiaki H. Molecular Requirement of Chlorosomal Chlorophylls. Self-Organization of a Chlorophyll Derivative Possessing a Hydroxyl Group at Ring II. Photochem Photobiol 1998. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1998.tb05202.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Pierre Y, Breyton C, Lemoine Y, Robert B, Vernotte C, Popot JL. On the presence and role of a molecule of chlorophyll a in the cytochrome b6 f complex. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:21901-8. [PMID: 9268323 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.35.21901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly purified preparations of cytochrome b6 f complex from the unicellar freshwater alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii contain about 1 molecule of chlorophyll a/cytochrome f. Several lines of evidence indicate that the chlorophyll is an authentic component of the complex rather than a contaminant. In particular, (i) the stoichiometry is constant; (ii) the chlorophyll is associated with the complex at a specific binding site, as evidenced by resonance Raman spectroscopy; (iii) it does not originate from free chlorophyll released from thylakoid membranes upon solubilization; and (iv) its rate of exchange with free, radioactive chlorophyll a is extremely slow (weeks). Some of the putative functional roles for a chlorophyll in the b6f complex are experimentally ruled out, and its possible evolutionary origin is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Pierre
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique and Paris-7 University, CNRS UPR 9052, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France
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40
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Peterman EJG, Pullerits T, van Grondelle R, van Amerongen H. Electron−Phonon Coupling and Vibronic Fine Structure of Light-Harvesting Complex II of Green Plants: Temperature Dependent Absorption and High-Resolution Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp962338e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erwin J. G. Peterman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Molecular Biological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Department of Chemical Physics, Chemical Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tõnu Pullerits
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Molecular Biological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Department of Chemical Physics, Chemical Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rienk van Grondelle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Molecular Biological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Department of Chemical Physics, Chemical Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Herbert van Amerongen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute for Molecular Biological Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and Department of Chemical Physics, Chemical Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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41
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Cherepy NJ, Du M, Holzwarth AR, Mathies RA. Near-Infrared Resonance Raman Spectra of Chlorosomes: Probing Nuclear Coupling in Electronic Energy Transfer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp952992e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nerine J. Cherepy
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and The Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany
| | - Mei Du
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and The Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany
| | - Alfred R. Holzwarth
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and The Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany
| | - Richard A. Mathies
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, and The Max-Planck-Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim a.d. Ruhr, Germany
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42
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Tamiaki H, Amakawa M, Shimono Y, Tanikaga R, Holzwarth AR, Schaffner K. Synthetic Zinc and Magnesium Chlorin Aggregates as Models for Supramolecular Antenna Complexes in Chlorosomes of Green Photosynthetic Bacteria. Photochem Photobiol 1996. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1996.tb02997.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Sato H, Uehara K, Ishii T, Ozaki Y. FT-IR and near-infrared FT-Raman study of aggregation of bacteriochlorophyll c in solutions: evidence for involvement of the ester group in the aggregation. Biochemistry 1995; 34:7854-60. [PMID: 7794896 DOI: 10.1021/bi00024a009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) absorption, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), and near-infrared (NIR)-excited FT-Raman spectra have been measured for bacteriochlorophyll c (BChl-c) in acetone, tetrahydrofuran (THF), pyridine-d5, carbon disulfide (CS2), and water-saturated carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) to investigate its aggregation in vitro. The UV-Vis absorption spectra can be classified into two groups. Group I (acetone, THF, and pyridine-d5 solutions) gives a spectrum with a Qy band around 665 nm while group II (CS2 and water-saturated CCl4 solutions) shows a spectrum typical of BChl-c aggregates with a broader red-shifted Qy band. All the NIR-FT-Raman spectra, which are preresonant with the Qy band, are very close to those of chlorophyll a (Chl-a) measured in the corresponding solutions. Bands due to a C = O stretching mode of free and strongly hydrogen-bonded 13(1)-keto carbonyl groups appear near 1685 and 1645 cm-1, respectively. In contrast to the FT-Raman spectra, FT-IR spectra of the pyridine-d5 solution and group II are largely different from those of Chl-a in the corresponding solutions, suggesting that BChl-c forms quite different types of aggregates. It is clear from the IR spectra that the ester carbonyl group plays an important role in the aggregation for the pyridine-d5 and group II solutions. Of particular note is that bands due to C = O stretching modes of the ester group are observed at 1733, 1719, and 1705 cm-1 in the spectrum of BChl-c in water-saturated CCl4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- H Sato
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kwansei-Gakuin University, Nishinomiya, Japan
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44
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Sato H, Okada K, Uehara K, Ozaki Y. NEAR-INFRARED FOURIER-TRANSFORM RAMAN STUDY OF CHLOROPHYLL a IN SOLUTIONS. Photochem Photobiol 1995. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1995.tb03957.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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45
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Uehara K, Mimuro M, Ozaki Y, Olson JM. The formation and characterization of the in vitro polymeric aggregates of bacteriochlorophyllc homologs fromChlorobium limicola in aqueous suspension in the presence of monogalactosyl diglyceride. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1994; 41:235-243. [PMID: 24310030 DOI: 10.1007/bf02184164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/1993] [Accepted: 03/10/1994] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Artificial aggregates of bacteriochlorophyllc (BChlc) were formed in an aqueous medium in the presence of a lipid, monogalactosyl diglyceride (MGDG), and the optical properties of those aggregates were studied by absorption and circular dichroism (CD) mainly. Four BChlc homologs, ([E,E]BChlc F, [P,E]BChlc F, [E,M]BChlc F and [I,E]BChlc F), were isolated from the green photosynthetic bacteriumChlorobium limicola strain 6230. Above 0.0004%, MGDG induced a red-shift of the absorption maxima of BChlc aggregates. At 0.003% MGDG BChlc aggregates showed absorption maxima in the range of 724 to 745 (±3) nm with a shift of 12 to 24 (±3) nm depending on the homolog species. Four kinds of BChlc-MGDG aggregates showed characteristic CD spectra. [E,M]BChlc F gave rise to a CD spectrum similar to that of chlorosomes, while the other three gave spectra of opposite sign. These aggregates are sensitive to 1-hexanol treatment; in a saturating amount (0.85%) of 1-hexanol, all the homologs gave a monomer-like absorption spectrum peaking at 670nm. At an intermediate concentration (0.5%), [E,M]BChlc F showed an enhanced CD intensity, as observed in native chlorosomes. Resonance Raman spectra of the monomer-like BChlc samples indicated that the keto vibrational band at ca. 1640 cm(-1) was considerably weakened by the 0.85% 1-hexanol treatment, however the 1680 cm(-1) band characteristic of a free keto group did not appear. These results indicate that the artificial aggregates formed by purified BChlc homologs and MGDG are good models for studying chlorosomes structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Uehara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, University of Osaka Prefecture, Gakuencho, 593, Sakai, Japan
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46
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Cheng P, Liddell PA, Ma SXC, Blankenship RE. PROPERTIES OF ZINC AND MAGNESIUM METHYL BACTERIOPHEOPHORBIDE d AND THEIR AGGREGATES. Photochem Photobiol 1993. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb09564.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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47
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Okada K, Uehara K, Ozaki Y. FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OF CHLOROPHYLL a and CHLOROPHYLL b IN HIGHLY DILUTE WATER-SATURATED CARBON TETRACHLORIDE SOLUTIONS. Photochem Photobiol 1993. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1993.tb02955.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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48
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Senge MO, Smith KM. STRUCTURE and CONFORMATION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS and RELATED COMPOUNDS. 2. NICKEL (II) METHYL PYROPHEOPHORBIDE a–A SEVERELY ISTORTED CHLOROPHYLL DERIVATIVE. Photochem Photobiol 1991. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1991.tb02099.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Uehara K, Ozaki Y, Okada K, Olson JM. FT-IR Studies on the Aggregation of BacteriochlorophyllcfromChlorobium limicola. CHEM LETT 1991. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1991.909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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50
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Chapados C, Lemieux S, Carpentier R. Protein and chlorophyll in photosystem II probed by infrared spectroscopy. Biophys Chem 1991; 39:225-39. [PMID: 17014768 DOI: 10.1016/0301-4622(91)80001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/1989] [Revised: 07/23/1990] [Accepted: 07/26/1990] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The infrared spectra of photosystem II (PS II) enriched submembrane fractions isolated from spinach are obtained in water and in heavy water suspension Other spectra are obtained after a photooxidation reaction was performed on PS II to bleach the pigments. The water bands are removed by computer subtraction and the amide bands (A, B, I, II, and III) of the protein are identified. Computer enhancement techniques are used to narrow the bandwidth of the bands that the weak chlorophyll bands, buried in the much stronger protein bands, can be observed. Comparing the spectra of native and photooxidized PS II pr in water and in heavy water, we determine that three polypeptide domains are present in the native material. The first domain, which contains 22% of th is situated in the peripheral region of the PS II system. The polypeptides in this region are unfolded and devoid of chlorophyll. The second domain con of the polypeptides, is more organized, and contains the chlorophylls. The third domain has an alpha-helix configuration, does not contain chlorophyll, a affected by the photooxidation reaction or by the proton/deuteron exchange. Three different types of chlorophyll organisation are identified: two have carbonyl groups non-bonded, differing from one another only in their hydrophobic milieux; the third is weakly bonded to another unidentified group. Other forms of chlorophyll organisation are present but could not be observed because their absorption is buried in the protein amide I band.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chapados
- Département de chimie-biologie Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada
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