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Zhang TX, Coughlin AL, Lu CK, Heremans JJ, Zhang SX. Recent progress on topological semimetal IrO 2: electronic structures, synthesis, and transport properties. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:273001. [PMID: 38597335 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad3603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
5dtransition metal oxides, such as iridates, have attracted significant interest in condensed matter physics throughout the past decade owing to their fascinating physical properties that arise from intrinsically strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and its interplay with other interactions of comparable energy scales. Among the rich family of iridates, iridium dioxide (IrO2), a simple binary compound long known as a promising catalyst for water splitting, has recently been demonstrated to possess novel topological states and exotic transport properties. The strong SOC and the nonsymmorphic symmetry that IrO2possesses introduce symmetry-protected Dirac nodal lines (DNLs) within its band structure as well as a large spin Hall effect in the transport. Here, we review recent advances pertaining to the study of this unique SOC oxide, with an emphasis on the understanding of the topological electronic structures, syntheses of high crystalline quality nanostructures, and experimental measurements of its fundamental transport properties. In particular, the theoretical origin of the presence of the fourfold degenerate DNLs in band structure and its implications in the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurement and in the spin Hall effect are discussed. We further introduce a variety of synthesis techniques to achieve IrO2nanostructures, such as epitaxial thin films and single crystalline nanowires, with the goal of understanding the roles that each key parameter plays in the growth process. Finally, we review the electrical, spin, and thermal transport studies. The transport properties under variable temperatures and magnetic fields reveal themselves to be uniquely sensitive and modifiable by strain, dimensionality (bulk, thin film, nanowire), quantum confinement, film texture, and disorder. The sensitivity, stemming from the competing energy scales of SOC, disorder, and other interactions, enables the creation of a variety of intriguing quantum states of matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- T X Zhang
- Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States of America
| | - A L Coughlin
- Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States of America
| | - Chi-Ken Lu
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, United States of America
| | - J J Heremans
- Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States of America
| | - S X Zhang
- Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States of America
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States of America
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2
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Choi YC, Yang S, Murray CB, Kagan CR. Thermally Reconfigurable, 3D Chiral Optical Metamaterials: Building with Colloidal Nanoparticle Assemblies. ACS NANO 2023; 17:22611-22619. [PMID: 37955251 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The three-dimensional, geometric handedness of chiral optical metamaterials allows for the rotation of linearly polarized light and creates a differential interaction with right and left circularly polarized light, known as circular dichroism. These three-dimensional metamaterials enable polarization control of optical and spin excitation and detection, and their stimuli-responsive, dynamic switching widens applications in chiral molecular sensing and imaging and spintronics; however, there are few reconfigurable solid-state implementations. Here, we report all-solid-state, thermally reconfigurable chiroptical metamaterials composed of arrays of three-dimensional nanoparticle/metal bilayer heterostructures fabricated from coassemblies of phase change VO2 and metallic Au colloidal nanoparticles and thin films of Ni. These metamaterials show dynamic switching in the mid-infrared as VO2 is thermally cycled through an insulator-metal phase transition. The spectral range of operation is tailored in breadth by controlling the periodicity of the arrays and thus the hybridization of optical modes and in position through the mixing of VO2 and Au nanoparticles.
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3
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Li Z, Zhang Z, Zhou X. Chemical Modulation of Metal-Insulator Transition toward Multifunctional Applications in Vanadium Dioxide Nanostructures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2305234. [PMID: 37394705 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202305234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The metal-insulator transition (MIT) of vanadium dioxide (VO2 ) has been of great interest in materials science for both fundamental understanding of strongly correlated physics and a wide range of applications in optics, thermotics, spintronics, and electronics. Due to the merits of chemical interaction with accessibility, versatility, and tunability, chemical modification provides a new perspective to regulate the MIT of VO2 , endowing VO2 with exciting properties and improved functionalities. In the past few years, plenty of efforts have been devoted to exploring innovative chemical approaches for the synthesis and MIT modulation of VO2 nanostructures, greatly contributing to the understanding of electronic correlations and development of MIT-driven functionalities. Here, this comprehensive review summarizes the recent achievements in chemical synthesis of VO2 and its MIT modulation involving hydrogen incorporation, composition engineering, surface modification, and electrochemical gating. The newly appearing phenomena, mechanism of electronic correlation, and structural instability are discussed. Furthermore, progresses related to MIT-driven applications are presented, such as the smart window, optoelectronic detector, thermal microactuator, thermal radiation coating, spintronic device, memristive, and neuromorphic device. Finally, the challenges and prospects in future research of chemical modulation and functional applications of VO2 MIT are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejun Li
- School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
- Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing, 211111, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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Coughlin AL, Pan Z, Hong J, Zhang T, Zhan X, Wu W, Xie D, Tong T, Ruch T, Heremans JJ, Bao J, Fertig HA, Wang J, Kim J, Zhu H, Li D, Zhang S. Enhanced Electron Correlation and Significantly Suppressed Thermal Conductivity in Dirac Nodal-Line Metal Nanowires by Chemical Doping. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2204424. [PMID: 36437041 PMCID: PMC9839858 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Enhancing electron correlation in a weakly interacting topological system has great potential to promote correlated topological states of matter with extraordinary quantum properties. Here, the enhancement of electron correlation in a prototypical topological metal, namely iridium dioxide (IrO2 ), via doping with 3d transition metal vanadium is demonstrated. Single-crystalline vanadium-doped IrO2 nanowires are synthesized through chemical vapor deposition where the nanowire yield and morphology are improved by creating rough surfaces on substrates. Vanadium doping leads to a dramatic decrease in Raman intensity without notable peak broadening, signifying the enhancement of electron correlation. The enhanced electron correlation is further evidenced by transport studies where the electrical resistivity is greatly increased and follows an unusual T $\sqrt T $ dependence on the temperature (T). The lattice thermal conductivity is suppressed by an order of magnitude via doping even at room temperature where phonon-impurity scattering becomes less important. Density functional theory calculations suggest that the remarkable reduction of thermal conductivity arises from the complex phonon dispersion and reduced energy gap between phonon branches, which greatly enhances phase space for phonon-phonon Umklapp scattering. This work demonstrates a unique system combining 3d and 5d transition metals in isostructural materials to enrich the system with various types of interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhiliang Pan
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN37235USA
| | - Jeonghoon Hong
- Department of PhysicsIncheon National UniversityIncheon22012Korea
| | - Tongxie Zhang
- Department of PhysicsIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIN47405USA
| | - Xun Zhan
- Electron Microscopy CenterIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIN47405USA
| | - Wenqian Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNE68588USA
| | - Dongyue Xie
- Department of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNE68588USA
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, MPA DivisionLos Alamos National LaboratoryLos Alamos87545United States
| | - Tian Tong
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity (TcSUH)University of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | - Thomas Ruch
- Department of PhysicsIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIN47405USA
| | | | - Jiming Bao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Texas Center for Superconductivity (TcSUH)University of HoustonHoustonTX77204USA
| | | | - Jian Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNE68588USA
| | - Jeongwoo Kim
- Department of PhysicsIncheon National UniversityIncheon22012Korea
| | - Hanyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineeringRice UniversityHoustonTX77005USA
| | - Deyu Li
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN37235USA
| | - Shixiong Zhang
- Department of PhysicsIndiana UniversityBloomingtonIN47405USA
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Li D, Wang Q, Xu X. Thermal Conductivity of VO 2 Nanowires at Metal-Insulator Transition Temperature. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2428. [PMID: 34578742 PMCID: PMC8472604 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) nanowires endowed with a dramatic metal-insulator transition have attracted enormous attention. Here, the thermal conductance of VO2 nanowires with different sizes, measured using the thermal bridge method, is reported. A size-dependent thermal conductivity was observed where the thicker nanowire showed a higher thermal conductivity. Meanwhile, the thermal conductivity jump at metal-insulator transition temperature was measured to be much higher in the thicker samples. The dominant heat carriers were phonons both at the metallic and the insulating regimes in the measured samples, which may result from the coexistence of metal and insulator phases at high temperature. Our results provide a window into exploring the mechanism of the metal-insulator transition of VO2 nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiangfan Xu
- Center for Phononics and Thermal Energy Science, China-EU Joint Center for Nanophononics, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (D.L.); (Q.W.)
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Stahl B, Bredow T. Surfaces of VO 2 -Polymorphs: Structure, Stability and the Effect of Doping. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:1018-1026. [PMID: 33617673 PMCID: PMC8252579 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Vanadium dioxide is an interesting and frequently applied material due to its metal‐insulator phase transition. However, there are only few studies of the catalytic activity and surface properties of different VO2 polymorphs. Therefore, we investigated the properties of the surfaces of the most stable VO2 phases theoretically at density‐functional theory level using a self‐consistent hybrid functional which has demonstrated its accuracy for the prediction of structural, electronic and energetic properties in a previous study. We found that the surfaces of the rutile R phase of VO2 are not stable and show a spontaneous phase transition to the monoclinic M1 phase. Doping with Mo stabilizes the surfaces with rutile structure even for small dopant concentrations (6.25 %). Both M1 and R surfaces strongly relax, with and without doping. In particular the metal‐metal distances in the uppermost layers change by up to 0.4 Å. Mo segregates in the topmost layer of both R and M1 phases. The electronic structure is only slightly changed upon doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berenike Stahl
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115, Bonn, Germany.,MPI for chemical energy conversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Thomas Bredow
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
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7
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Zhang Y, Xiong W, Chen W, Zheng Y. Recent Progress on Vanadium Dioxide Nanostructures and Devices: Fabrication, Properties, Applications and Perspectives. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020338. [PMID: 33525597 PMCID: PMC7911400 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) is a typical metal-insulator transition (MIT) material, which changes from room-temperature monoclinic insulating phase to high-temperature rutile metallic phase. The phase transition of VO2 is accompanied by sudden changes in conductance and optical transmittance. Due to the excellent phase transition characteristics of VO2, it has been widely studied in the applications of electric and optical devices, smart windows, sensors, actuators, etc. In this review, we provide a summary about several phases of VO2 and their corresponding structural features, the typical fabrication methods of VO2 nanostructures (e.g., thin film and low-dimensional structures (LDSs)) and the properties and related applications of VO2. In addition, the challenges and opportunities for VO2 in future studies and applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Centre for Physical Mechanics and Biophysics, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Weiming Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Centre for Physical Mechanics and Biophysics, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Correspondence: (W.X.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Weijin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Centre for Physical Mechanics and Biophysics, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (Y.Z.); (W.C.)
- Centre for Physical Mechanics and Biophysics, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Correspondence: (W.X.); (Y.Z.)
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8
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Mutilin SV, Prinz VY, Yakovkina LV, Gutakovskii AK. Selective MOCVD synthesis of VO 2 crystals on nanosharp Si structures. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01072c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
High-quality single VO2 nanocrystals and ordered arrays of VO2 nanorings were selectively synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) respectively on the tip apices and on the sidewall scallops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor Ya. Prinz
- Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics SB RAS
- Novosibirsk
- Russia
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9
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Rashid MA, Mondal BK, Rubel MHK, Rahman MM, Mefford OT, Hossain J. Synthesis of Self-Assembled Randomly Oriented VO 2 Nanowires on a Glass Substrate by a Spin Coating Method. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:15707-15716. [PMID: 33078925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Randomly oriented vanadium dioxide (VO2) nanowires were produced on a glass substrate by spin coating from a cosolvent. SEM studies reveal that highly dense VO2 nanowires were grown at an annealing temperature of 400 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) provides evidence of the high crystallinity of the VO2 nanowires-embedded VO2 thin films on the glass substrate at 400 °C. Characterization by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) confirmed the formation of VO2 nanowires. The optical band gap of the nanowires-embedded VO2 thin films was also calculated from the transmittance data to be 2.65-2.70 eV. The growth mechanism of the solution-processed semiconducting VO2 nanowires was proposed based on both solvent selection and annealing temperature. Finally, the solar water splitting ability of the VO2 nanowires-embedded VO2 thin films was demonstrated in a photoelectrochemical cell (PEC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdur Rashid
- Solar Energy Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.,Department of Physics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Bipanko Kumar Mondal
- Solar Energy Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Mirza H K Rubel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahbubor Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.,Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0971, United States
| | - Olin Thompson Mefford
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0971, United States
| | - Jaker Hossain
- Solar Energy Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
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10
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Lee JW, Park J, Kwon H, Hong WK, Kim JK, Cho J. Self-protective GaInN-based light-emitting diodes with VO 2 nanowires. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:18444-18448. [PMID: 31576892 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr04227j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We presented a new functional GaInN-based light-emitting diode (LED) that is capable of protecting itself from unwanted thermal damage (a so-called self-protective LED). This functionality was achieved by incorporating VO2 nanowires on the LED chip. VO2 nanowires, as metal-insulator transition materials, show a phase transition from insulating to metallic at a characteristic transition temperature. By placing a VO2 nanowire between the n- and p-contacts of an LED, a parallel circuit was formed with the existing diode. As the VO2 nanowire became metal-like at its characteristic temperature, it induced a short-circuit state in the device, protecting the LED from heat damage at elevated temperatures. Details on the self-protective LED were elucidated, from a conceptual description to experimental proof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Won Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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11
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One-pot synthesis and shape control of metal selenides, sulfides and oxides with oxalic acid as the reducing reagent. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-019-00954-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Xiong WM, Shao J, Zhang YQ, Chen Y, Zhang XY, Chen WJ, Zheng Y. Morphology-controlled epitaxial vanadium dioxide low-dimensional structures: the delicate effects on the phase transition behaviors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:14339-14347. [PMID: 29683159 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08432c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As an important strongly correlated electron material, VO2 undergoes a metal-insulator transition (MIT) accompanied by a huge change of several orders of magnitude in conductance and transmittance. The MIT behavior can be controlled by low-dimensional structures (LDSs) and the interaction between LDSs and substrates. Consequently, fabricating the LDSs and understanding the phase transition behaviors have great significance for the investigation of fundamental properties and applications. Using the pulsed laser deposition technique, we fabricate abundant LDSs (i.e., from zero-dimensional nanodots, one-dimensional nanowires, nanobelts and nanorods to two-dimensional nanoplatelets and ultra-thin films, and zero-/one-/two-dimensional mixed structures), and investigate the controllability of each deposition factor on the growth of the LDSs. TEM results confirm the high crystallinity of the as-synthesized LDSs. AFM results and ab initio calculations demonstrate the great influence of substrates on the growth orientation of the LDSs. More importantly, we systematically investigate the phase transition characteristics of the LDSs by temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy and XRD. The results clearly reveal the structural dependence of the phase transition features due to the delicate effects of substrates and structures. Our technique provides a rapid, controllable and easy method for fabricating VO2 LDSs, which can lead to a deeper understanding of the electrical, optical, and magnetic properties and potential applications of VO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China.
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13
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Wang Y, Sun X, Chen Z, Cai Z, Zhou H, Lu TM, Shi J. Defect-engineered epitaxial VO 2±δ in strain engineering of heterogeneous soft crystals. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaar3679. [PMID: 29806024 PMCID: PMC5969812 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aar3679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The success of strain engineering has made a step further for the enhancement of material properties and the introduction of new physics, especially with the discovery of the critical roles of strain in the heterogeneous interface between two dissimilar materials (for example, FeSe/SrTiO3). On the other hand, the strain manipulation has been limited to chemical epitaxy and nanocomposites that, to a large extent, limit the possible material systems that can be explored. By defect engineering, we obtained, for the first time, dense three-dimensional strongly correlated VO2±δ epitaxial nanoforest arrays that can be used as a novel "substrate" for dynamic strain engineering, due to its metal-insulator transition. The highly dense nanoforest is promising for the possible realization of bulk strain similar to the effect of nanocomposites. By growing single-crystalline halide perovskite CsPbBr3, a mechanically soft and emerging semiconducting material, onto the VO2±δ, a heterogeneous interface is created that can entail a ~1% strain transfer upon the metal-insulator transition of VO2±δ. This strain is large enough to trigger a structural phase transition featured by PbX6 octahedral tilting along with a modification of the photoluminescence energy landscape in halide perovskite. Our findings suggest a promising strategy of dynamic strain engineering in a heterogeneous interface carrying soft and strain-sensitive semiconductors that can happen at a larger volumetric value surpassing the conventional critical thickness limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Zhizhong Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Zhonghou Cai
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Hua Zhou
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Toh-Ming Lu
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
- Corresponding author.
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14
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Jo YR, Myeong SH, Kim BJ. Role of annealing temperature on the sol–gel synthesis of VO2 nanowires with in situ characterization of their metal–insulator transition. RSC Adv 2018; 8:5158-5165. [PMID: 35542437 PMCID: PMC9078109 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10865f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the techniques to create VO2 nanostructures, the sol–gel method is the most facile and benefits from simple, manipulable synthetic parameters. Here, by utilizing various TEM techniques, we report the sequential morphological evolution of VO2 nanostructures in a sol–gel film spin-coated on a customized TEM grid, which underwent oxygen reduction as the annealing temperature increased. In situ TEM dark-field imaging and Raman spectroscopy allowed us to confirm the sharp phase transition behavior of an individual nanowire by illustrating the effect of electrode-clamping-induced tensile stress on the nucleation of the R phase from the M1 phase. The electrical transport properties of a single-nanowire device fabricated on a customized TEM grid showed excellent control of the stoichiometry and crystallinity of the wire. These results offer critical information for preparing tailored VO2 nanostructures with advanced transition properties by the sol–gel method to enable the fabrication of scalable flexible devices. The single-VO2 nanowire device synthesized via sequential morphological evolutions with oxygen reduction during annealing features a sharp metal-insulator transition.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Y.-R. Jo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju
- Korea
| | - S.-H. Myeong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju
- Korea
| | - B.-J. Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)
- Gwangju
- Korea
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15
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Chen Y, Zhang S, Ke F, Ko C, Lee S, Liu K, Chen B, Ager JW, Jeanloz R, Eyert V, Wu J. Pressure-Temperature Phase Diagram of Vanadium Dioxide. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:2512-2516. [PMID: 28266861 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The complexity of strongly correlated electron physics in vanadium dioxide is exemplified as its rich phase diagrams of all kinds, which in turn shed light on the mechanisms behind its various phase transitions. In this work, we map out the hydrostatic pressure-temperature phase diagram of vanadium dioxide nanobeams by independently varying pressure and temperature with a diamond anvil cell. In addition to the well-known insulating M1 (monoclinic) and metallic R (tetragonal) phases, the diagram identifies the existence at high pressures of the insulating M1' (monoclinic, more conductive than M1) phase and two metallic phases of X (monoclinic) and O (orthorhombic, at high temperature only). Systematic optical and electrical measurements combined with density functional calculations allow us to delineate their phase boundaries as well as reveal some basic features of the transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Feng Ke
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research , Shanghai 201203, China
| | | | | | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research , Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Joel W Ager
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | | | | | - Junqiao Wu
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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16
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Fadlelmula MM, Sürmeli EC, Ramezani M, Kasırga TS. Effects of Thickness on the Metal-Insulator Transition in Free-Standing Vanadium Dioxide Nanocrystals. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:1762-1767. [PMID: 28221803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b05067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Controlling solid state phase transitions via external stimuli offers rich physics along with possibilities of unparalleled applications in electronics and optics. The well-known metal-insulator transition (MIT) in vanadium dioxide (VO2) is one instance of such phase transitions emerging from strong electronic correlations. Inducing the MIT using electric field has been investigated extensively for the applications in electrical and ultrafast optical switching. However, as the Thomas-Fermi screening length is very short, for considerable alteration in the material's properties with electric field induced MIT, crystals below 10 nm are needed. So far, the only way to achieve thin crystals of VO2 has been via epitaxial growth techniques. Yet, stress due to lattice mismatch as well as interdiffusion with the substrate complicate the studies. Here, we show that free-standing vapor-phase grown crystals of VO2 can be milled down to the desired thickness using argon ion-beam milling without compromising their electronic and structural properties. Among our results, we show that even below 4 nm thickness the MIT persists and the transition temperature is lowered in two-terminal devices as the crystal gets thinner. The findings in this Letter can be applied to similar strongly correlated materials to study quantum confinement effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa M Fadlelmula
- National Nanotechnology Research Center, ‡Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, and §Department of Physics, Bilkent University , Bilkent, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Engin C Sürmeli
- National Nanotechnology Research Center, ‡Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, and §Department of Physics, Bilkent University , Bilkent, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Mehdi Ramezani
- National Nanotechnology Research Center, ‡Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, and §Department of Physics, Bilkent University , Bilkent, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - T Serkan Kasırga
- National Nanotechnology Research Center, ‡Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, and §Department of Physics, Bilkent University , Bilkent, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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17
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McGahan C, Gamage S, Liang J, Cross B, Marvel RE, Haglund RF, Abate Y. Geometric constraints on phase coexistence in vanadium dioxide single crystals. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:085701. [PMID: 28045000 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aa5652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The appearance of stripe phases is a characteristic signature of strongly correlated quantum materials, and its origin in phase-changing materials has only recently been recognized as the result of the delicate balance between atomic and mesoscopic materials properties. A vanadium dioxide (VO2) single crystal is one such strongly correlated material with stripe phases. Infrared nano-imaging on low-aspect-ratio, single-crystal VO2 microbeams decorated with resonant plasmonic nanoantennas reveals a novel herringbone pattern of coexisting metallic and insulating domains intercepted and altered by ferroelastic domains, unlike previous reports on high-aspect-ratio VO2 crystals where the coexisting metal/insulator domains appear as alternating stripe phases perpendicular to the growth axis. The metallic domains nucleate below the crystal surface and grow towards the surface with increasing temperature as suggested by the near-field plasmonic response of the gold nanorod antennas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina McGahan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235-1807, United States
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18
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Hou YL, Zhang P, Xie MM. Thermally induced double-positive temperature coefficients of electrical resistivity in combined conductive filler-doped polymer composites. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-ling Hou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
| | - Miao-miao Xie
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Southwest University; Chongqing 400715 People's Republic of China
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19
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Zhang Z, Guo H, Ding W, Zhang B, Lu Y, Ke X, Liu W, Chen F, Sui M. Nanoscale Engineering in VO 2 Nanowires via Direct Electron Writing Process. NANO LETTERS 2017; 17:851-855. [PMID: 28080071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Controlling phase transition in functional materials at nanoscale is not only of broad scientific interest but also important for practical applications in the fields of renewable energy, information storage, transducer, sensor, and so forth. As a model functional material, vanadium dioxide (VO2) has its metal-insulator transition (MIT) usually at a sharp temperature around 68 °C. Here, we report a focused electron beam can directly lower down the transition temperature of a nanoarea to room temperature without prepatterning the VO2. This novel process is called radiolysis-assisted MIT (R-MIT). The electron beam irradiation fabricates a unique gradual MIT zone to several times of the beam size in which the temperature-dependent phase transition is achieved in an extended temperature range. The gradual transformation zone offers to precisely control the ratio of metal/insulator phases. This direct electron writing technique can open up an opportunity to precisely engineer nanodomains of diversified electronic properties in functional material-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Zhang
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Wenqiang Ding
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiaoxing Ke
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Furong Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Manling Sui
- Institute of Microstructure and Properties of Advanced Materials, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100124, China
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20
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Lee S, Hippalgaonkar K, Yang F, Hong J, Ko C, Suh J, Liu K, Wang K, Urban JJ, Zhang X, Dames C, Hartnoll SA, Delaire O, Wu J. Anomalously low electronic thermal conductivity in metallic vanadium dioxide. Science 2017; 355:371-374. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aag0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangwook Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Kedar Hippalgaonkar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, 08-03, 138634 Singapore
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jiawang Hong
- School of Aerospace Engineering and Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Changhyun Ko
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Joonki Suh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Kevin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Urban
- The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chris Dames
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sean A. Hartnoll
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Olivier Delaire
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Junqiao Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, LBNL, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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21
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Hong SC, Lee M, Kim D. The Optical Behavior of VO 2Film Modulated by the Morphology and Preferred Growing Axis. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Cheol Hong
- Department of Chemistry; Pukyong National University; Busan 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongsoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Pukyong National University; Busan 48513 Republic of Korea
| | - Don Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Pukyong National University; Busan 48513 Republic of Korea
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22
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Sheehan M, Guo Y, Flynn G, Geaney H, Ryan KM. The selective synthesis of nickel germanide nanowires and nickel germanide seeded germanium nanowires within a solvent vapour growth system. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00268h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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23
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Current induced polycrystalline-to-crystalline transformation in vanadium dioxide nanowires. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37296. [PMID: 27892519 PMCID: PMC5125010 DOI: 10.1038/srep37296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) exhibits a reversible insulator-metal phase transition that is of significant interest in energy-efficient nanoelectronic and nanophotonic devices. In these applications, crystalline materials are usually preferred for their superior electrical transport characteristics as well as spatial homogeneity and low surface roughness over the device area for reduced scattering. Here, we show applied electrical currents can induce a permanent reconfiguration of polycrystalline VO2 nanowires into crystalline nanowires, resulting in a dramatically reduced hysteresis across the phase transition and reduced resistivity. Low currents below 3 mA were sufficient to cause the local temperature in the VO2 to reach about 1780 K to activate the irreversible polycrystalline-to-crystalline transformation. The crystallinity was confirmed by electron microscopy and diffraction analyses. This simple yet localized post-processing of insulator-metal phase transition materials may enable new methods of studying and fabricating nanoscale structures and devices formed from these materials.
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24
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Wu H, Fu Q, Bao X. In situ Raman spectroscopy study of metal-enhanced hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of VO2. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2016; 28:434003. [PMID: 27603090 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/28/43/434003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) has a phase transition from insulator to metal at 340 K, and this transition can be strongly modified by hydrogenation. In this work, two dimensional (2D) VO2 sheets have been grown on Si(1 1 1) surfaces through chemical vapor deposition, and metal (Au, Pt) thin films were deposited on VO2 surfaces by sputtering. The hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of VO2 and metal-decorated VO2 structures in H2 and in air were in situ studied by Raman. We found that hydrogenation and dehydrogenation temperatures have been significantly decreased with the VO2 surface decorated by Au and Pt. The enhanced hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions can be attributed to catalytic dissociation of H2 and O2 molecules on metal surfaces and subsequent spillover of dissociated H and O atoms to the oxide surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, People's Republic of China
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25
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Jo YR, Kim MW, Kim BJ. Direct correlation of structural and electrical properties of electron-doped individual VO 2 nanowires on devised TEM grids. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:435704. [PMID: 27658734 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/43/435704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nano-scale VO2 wires with controlled parameters such as electron-doping have attracted intense interest due to their capability of suppressing the temperature of the metal-insulator transition (MIT). However, because their diameters are smaller than the spatial resolutions of the conventional measuring equipment, the ability to perform a thorough examination of the wires has been hindered. Here, we report the fabrication of a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grid with an optimum design of Si3N4 windows on which the photolithography for individual electron-doped VO2 nanowire devices can be safely accomplished, allowing the cross-examination of the structural and electrical properties. TEM dark-field imaging was used to quantitatively investigate the fractions of rutile and M1 phases, and their lattice alignments were observed using high-resolution TEM (HRTEM) with small area diffraction. Moreover, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) revealed that the rutile domain would be created by the strain induced by oxygen vacancies. Importantly, we successfully tuned the transition temperature by changing the rutile fraction while maintaining a high level of resistivity change. The resistivity at room temperature linearly decreased with the rutile fraction, following a simple model. Furthermore, the T dependence of the threshold voltage can be attributed to the Joule heating, exhibiting an identical thermal dependence, irrespective of the rutile fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-R Jo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Korea
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26
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Wang Y, Seewald L, Sun YY, Keblinski P, Sun X, Zhang S, Lu TM, Johnson JM, Hwang J, Shi J. Nonlinear Electron-Lattice Interactions in a Wurtzite Semiconductor Enabled via Strongly Correlated Oxide. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:8975-8982. [PMID: 27572096 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
With VO2 , a classic strongly correlated oxide material, a model semiconductor CdS is stretched and its electron-lattice interaction in a nonlinear manner is modulated. Optical spectroscopy is applied to probe the electronic band structure-associated parameters which is explained by the theoretical prediction based on k·p method and microscopy study. The research provides a new avenue on dynamic straining engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Lucas Seewald
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Yi-Yang Sun
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Pawel Keblinski
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Shengbai Zhang
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Toh-Ming Lu
- Department of Physics, Applied Physics, and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA
| | - Jared M Johnson
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Jinwoo Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, the Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43212, USA
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, USA.
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27
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Kasırga TS, Coy JM, Park JH, Cobden DH. Visualization of one-dimensional diffusion and spontaneous segregation of hydrogen in single crystals of VO2. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2016; 27:345708. [PMID: 27454751 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/27/34/345708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen intercalation in solids is common, complicated, and very difficult to monitor. In a new approach to the problem, we have studied the profile of hydrogen diffusion in single-crystal nanobeams and plates of VO2, exploiting the fact that hydrogen doping in this material leads to visible darkening near room temperature connected with the metal-insulator transition at 65 °C. We observe hydrogen diffusion along the rutile c-axis but not perpendicular to it, making this a highly one-dimensional diffusion system. We obtain an activated diffusion coefficient, [Formula: see text] applicable in metallic phase. In addition, we observe dramatic supercooling of the hydrogen-induced metallic phase and spontaneous segregation of the hydrogen into stripes implying that the diffusion process is highly nonlinear, even in the absence of defects. Similar complications may occur in hydrogen motion in other materials but are not revealed by conventional measurement techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Serkan Kasırga
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. UNAM-Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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28
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Kim MW, Ha SS, Seo O, Noh DY, Kim BJ. Real-Time Structural and Electrical Characterization of Metal-Insulator Transition in Strain-Modulated Single-Phase VO2 Wires with Controlled Diameters. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:4074-4081. [PMID: 27253750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Single-crystal VO2 wires have gained tremendous popularity for enabling the study of the fundamental properties of the metal-insulator transition (MIT); however, it remains tricky to precisely measure the intrinsic properties of the transitional phases with controlled wire-growth properties, such as diameter. Here, we report a facile method for growing VO2 wires with controlled diameters by separating the formation of the liquidus V2O5 seed droplets from the evolution of the VO2 wire using oxygen gas. The kinetic analyses suggest that the growth proceeds via the VS (vapor-solid) mechanism, whereas the droplet determines the size and the location of the wire. In situ Raman spectroscopy combined with analyses of the electrical properties of an individual wire allowed us to construct a diameter-temperature phase diagram from three initial phases (i.e., M1, T, and M2), which were created by misfit stress from the substrate and were preserved at room temperature. We also correlated this relation with resistivity-diameter and activation energy-diameter relations supported by theoretical modeling. These carefully designed approaches enabled us to elucidate the details of the phase transitions over a wide range of stress conditions, offering an opportunity to quantify relevant thermodynamic and electronic parameters (including resistivities, activation energies, and energy barriers of the key insulating phases) and to explain the intriguing behaviors of the T phase during the MIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Woo Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Physics and Photon Science & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Ha
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Physics and Photon Science & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Okkyun Seo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Physics and Photon Science & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Do Young Noh
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Physics and Photon Science & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
| | - Bong-Joong Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Physics and Photon Science & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) , 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, South Korea
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29
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Dönges SA, Khatib O, O'Callahan BT, Atkin JM, Park JH, Cobden D, Raschke MB. Ultrafast Nanoimaging of the Photoinduced Phase Transition Dynamics in VO2. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:3029-35. [PMID: 27096877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b05313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Many phase transitions in correlated matter exhibit spatial inhomogeneities with expected yet unexplored effects on the associated ultrafast dynamics. Here we demonstrate the combination of ultrafast nondegenerate pump-probe spectroscopy with far from equilibrium excitation, and scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) for ultrafast nanoimaging. In a femtosecond near-field near-IR (NIR) pump and mid-IR (MIR) probe study, we investigate the photoinduced insulator-to-metal (IMT) transition in nominally homogeneous VO2 microcrystals. With pump fluences as high as 5 mJ/cm(2), we can reach three distinct excitation regimes. We observe a spatial heterogeneity on ∼50-100 nm length scales in the fluence-dependent IMT dynamics ranging from <100 fs to ∼1 ps. These results suggest a high sensitivity of the IMT with respect to small local variations in strain, doping, or defects that are difficult to discern microscopically. We provide a perspective with the distinct requirements and considerations of ultrafast spatiotemporal nanoimaging of phase transitions in quantum materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven A Dönges
- Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, and JILA, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Omar Khatib
- Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, and JILA, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Brian T O'Callahan
- Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, and JILA, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Joanna M Atkin
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina , Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27514, United States
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- Department of Physics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - David Cobden
- Department of Physics, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Markus B Raschke
- Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, and JILA, University of Colorado , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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30
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Wang X, Gao H. Distinguishing the Photothermal and Photoinjection Effects in Vanadium Dioxide Nanowires. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:7037-7042. [PMID: 26422776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium dioxide (VO2) has drawn significant attention for its unique metal-to-insulator transition near the room temperature. The high electrical resistivity below the transition temperature (∼68 °C) is a result of the strong electron correlation with the assistance of lattice (Peierls) distortion. Theoretical calculations indicated that the strong interelectron interactions might induce intriguing optoelectronic phenomena, such as the multiple exciton generation (MEG), a process desirable for efficient optoelectronics and photovoltaics. However, the resistivity of VO2 is quite temperature sensitive, and therefore, the light-induced conductivity in VO2 has often been attributed to the photothermal effects. In this work, we distinguished the photothermal and photoinjection effects in VO2 nanowires by varying the chopping frequency of the optical illumination. We found that, in our VO2 nanowires, the relatively slow photothermal processes can be well suppressed when the chopping frequency is >2 kHz, whereas the fast photoinjection component (direct photoexcitation of charge carriers) remains constant at all chopping frequencies. By separating the photothermal and photoinjection processes, our work set the basis for further studies of carrier dynamics under optical excitations in strongly correlated materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- Department of Physics and ‡Materials Science Program, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Hanwei Gao
- Department of Physics and ‡Materials Science Program, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
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31
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Chen R, Miao L, Liu C, Zhou J, Cheng H, Asaka T, Iwamoto Y, Tanemura S. Shape-controlled synthesis and influence of W doping and oxygen nonstoichiometry on the phase transition of VO2. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14087. [PMID: 26373612 PMCID: PMC4650710 DOI: 10.1038/srep14087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclinic VO2(M) in nanostructure is a prototype material for
interpreting correlation effects in solids with fully reversible phase transition
and for the advanced applications to smart devices. Here, we report a facile
one-step hydrothermal method for the controlled growth of single crystalline
VO2(M/R) nanorods. Through tuning the hydrothermal temperature,
duration of the hydrothermal time and W-doped level, single crystalline
VO2(M/R) nanorods with controlled aspect ratio can be synthesized in
large quantities, and the crucial parameter for the shape-controlled synthesis is
the W-doped content. The dopant greatly promotes the preferential growth of (110) to
form pure phase VO2(R) nanorods with high aspect ratio for the W-doped
level = 2.0 at% sample. The shape-controlled process of
VO2(M/R) nanorods upon W-doping are systematically studied. Moreover,
the phase transition temperature (Tc) of VO2 depending on
oxygen nonstoichiometry is investigated in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Chen
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Miao
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Material, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
| | - Chengyan Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Material, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Material, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
| | - Haoliang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Toru Asaka
- Department of Frontier Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Iwamoto
- Department of Frontier Materials, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Sakae Tanemura
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Information Material, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Structure and Property for New Energy and Materials, School of Material Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, 541004, P. R. China
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32
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Lee M, Kim D. Metal-to-Insulator Transition of Hydrothermally Prepared VO 2Crystal During Repeated Thermal Cycles. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Myeongsoon Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Pukyong National University; Busan 608-737 Korea
| | - Don Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Pukyong National University; Busan 608-737 Korea
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33
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Inhomogeneity of the ultrafast insulator-to-metal transition dynamics of VO2. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6849. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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34
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Zhang L, Xia F, Song Z, Webster NAS, Luo H, Gao Y. Synthesis and formation mechanism of VO2(A) nanoplates with intrinsic peroxidase-like activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra11014a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In situPXRD confirmed the direct crystallization of VO2(A) from solution after complete hydrolysis of the VO(acac)2precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangmiao Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics (SIC)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Shanghai 200050
- China
| | - Fang Xia
- CSIRO Manufacturing Flagship
- Clayton
- Australia
- School of Engineering and Information Technology
- Murdoch University
| | - Zhengdong Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
| | | | - Hongjie Luo
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics (SIC)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)
- Shanghai 200050
- China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Yanfeng Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shanghai University
- Shanghai 200444
- China
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35
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Yin H, Yu K, Song C, Wang Z, Zhu Z. Low-temperature CVD synthesis of patterned core-shell VO2@ZnO nanotetrapods and enhanced temperature-dependent field-emission properties. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:11820-11827. [PMID: 25163668 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr02661f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
VO2 nanostructures are attractive materials because of their reversible metal-insulator transition (MIT) and wide applications in devices. When they are used as field emitters, a new type of temperature-controlled field emission device can be fabricated. Vapor transport methods used to synthesize traditional VO2 nanostructures are energy-intensive, low yield, and produce simple morphology (quasi-1D) that exhibits substrate clamping; thus they are not suitable for field emission applications. To overcome these limitations, ZnO nanotetrapods were used as templates, and patterned core-shell VO2@ZnO nanotetrapods were successfully grown on an ITO/glass substrate via a low-temperature CVD synthesis. SEM, TEM, EDX, XPS analyses and X-ray diffraction revealed that the cores and shells of these nanotetrapods were single crystal wurtzite-type ZnO and polycrystalline VO2, respectively. The VO2@ZnO nanotetrapods show strongly MIT-related FE properties, the emission current density at low temperature is significantly enhanced in comparison with pure VO2 nanostructures, and the emission current density increased by about 20 times as the ambient temperature increased from 25 to 105 °C at a fixed field of 5 V μm(-1). Although the VO2@ZnO nanotetrapods show a worse FE performance at low temperatures compared with pure ZnO nanotetrapods, the FE performance was substantially improved at high temperatures, which was attributed to the MIT-related band bending near the interface and the abrupt resistance change across the MIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (Ministry of Education of China), Department of Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China.
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36
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Horrocks GA, Singh S, Likely MF, Sambandamurthy G, Banerjee S. Scalable hydrothermal synthesis of free-standing VO₂ nanowires in the M1 phase. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:15726-15732. [PMID: 25153653 DOI: 10.1021/am504372t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
VO2 nanostructures derived from solution-phase methods are often plagued by broadened and relatively diminished metal-insulator transitions and adventitious doping due to imperfect control of stoichiometry. Here, we demonstrate a stepwise scalable hydrothermal and annealing route for obtaining VO2 nanowires exhibiting almost 4 orders of magnitude abrupt (within 1 °C) metal-insulator transitions. The prepared nanowires have been characterized across their structural and electronic phase transitions using single-nanowire Raman microprobe analysis, ensemble differential scanning calorimetry, and single-nanowire electrical transport measurements. The electrical band gap is determined to be 600 meV and is consistent with the optical band gap of VO2, and the narrowness of differential scanning calorimetry profiles indicates homogeneity of stoichiometry. The preparation of high-quality free-standing nanowires exhibiting pronounced metal-insulator transitions by a solution-phase process allows for scalability, further solution-phase processing, incorporation within nanocomposites, and integration onto arbitrary substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Horrocks
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University , College Station, Texas 77842-3012, United States
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37
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Lin J, Ji H, Swift MW, Hardy WJ, Peng Z, Fan X, Nevidomskyy AH, Tour JM, Natelson D. Hydrogen diffusion and stabilization in single-crystal VO2 micro/nanobeams by direct atomic hydrogenation. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:5445-5451. [PMID: 25148601 DOI: 10.1021/nl5030694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of the diffusion of atomic hydrogen in single crystalline VO2 micro/nanobeams by direct exposure to atomic hydrogen, without catalyst. The atomic hydrogen is generated by a hot filament, and the doping process takes place at moderate temperature (373 K). Undoped VO2 has a metal-to-insulator phase transition at ∼340 K between a high-temperature, rutile, metallic phase and a low-temperature, monoclinic, insulating phase with a resistance exhibiting a semiconductor-like temperature dependence. Atomic hydrogenation results in stabilization of the metallic phase of VO2 micro/nanobeams down to 2 K, the lowest point we could reach in our measurement setup. Optical characterization shows that hydrogen atoms prefer to diffuse along the c axis of rutile (a axis of monoclinic) VO2, along the oxygen "channels". Based on observing the movement of the hydrogen diffusion front in single crystalline VO2 beams, we estimate the diffusion constant for hydrogen along the c axis of the rutile phase to be 6.7 × 10(-10) cm(2)/s at approximately 373 K, exceeding the value in isostructural TiO2 by ∼38×. Moreover, we find that the diffusion constant along the c axis of the rutile phase exceeds that along the equivalent a axis of the monoclinic phase by at least 3 orders of magnitude. This remarkable change in kinetics must originate from the distortion of the "channels" when the unit cell doubles along this direction upon cooling into the monoclinic structure. Ab initio calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental trends in the relative kinetics of the two phases. This raises the possibility of a switchable membrane for hydrogen transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, ‡Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, §Department of Physics and Astronomy, ⊥Department of Chemistry, ∥Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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38
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Wu JM, Chang WE. Ultrahigh responsivity and external quantum efficiency of an ultraviolet-light photodetector based on a single VO₂ microwire. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:14286-14292. [PMID: 25027392 DOI: 10.1021/am503598g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated a single microwire photodetector first made using a VO2 microwire that exhibted high responsivity (Rλ) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) under varying light intensities. The VO2 nanowires/microwires were grown and attached on the surface of the SiO2/Si(100) substrate. The SiO2 layer can produce extremely low densities of long VO2 microwires. An individual VO2 microwire was bonded onto the ends using silver paste to fabricate a photodetector. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy image indicates that the nanowires grew along the [100] axis as a single crystal. The critical parameters, such as Rλ, EQE, and detectivity, are extremely high, 7069 A W(-1), 2.4 × 10(10)%, and 1.5 × 10(14) Jones, respectively, under a bias of 4 V and an illumination intensity of 1 μW cm(-2). The asymmetry in the I-V curves results from the unequal barrier heights at the two contacts. The photodetector has a linear I-V curve with a low dark current while a nonlinear curves was observed under varing light intensities. The highly efficient hole-trapping effect contributed to the high responsivity and external quantum efficiency in the metal-oxide nanomaterial photodetector. The responsivity of VO2 photodetector is 6 and 4 orders higher than that of graphene (or MoS2) and GaS, respectively. The findings demonstrate that VO2 nanowire/microwire is highly suitable for realizing a high-performance photodetector on a SiO2/Si substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh Ming Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University , 101, Section 2 Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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39
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Lu J, Liu H, Deng S, Zheng M, Wang Y, van Kan JA, Tang SH, Zhang X, Sow CH, Mhaisalkar SG. Highly sensitive and multispectral responsive phototransistor using tungsten-doped VO2 nanowires. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:7619-7627. [PMID: 24896423 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00898g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report a novel and feasible strategy for the practical applications of one-dimensional ultrasensitive phototransistors made of tungsten-doped VO2 single nanowires. The photoconductive response of the single nanowire device was investigated under different visible light excitations (405 nm, 532 nm, and 660 nm). The phototransistor device exhibited ultrafast photoresponse, high responsivity, broad multispectral response, and rapid saturation characteristic curves. These promising results help to promote the applications of this material in nano-scale optoelectronic devices such as efficient multispectral phototransistors and optical switches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Lu
- Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore.
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40
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Cheng C, Guo H, Amini A, Liu K, Fu D, Zou J, Song H. Self-assembly and horizontal orientation growth of VO2 nanowires. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5456. [PMID: 24965899 PMCID: PMC4071308 DOI: 10.1038/srep05456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-crystalline vanadium dioxide (VO2) nanostructures have attracted an intense research interest recently because of their unique single-domain metal-insulator phase transition property. Synthesis of these nanostructures in the past was limited in density, alignment, or single-crystallinity. The assembly of VO2 nanowires (NWs) is desirable for a “bottom-up” approach to the engineering of intricate structures using nanoscale building blocks. Here, we report the successful synthesis of horizontally aligned VO2 NWs with a dense growth mode in the [1-100]quartz direction of a polished x-cut quartz surface using a simple vapor transport method. Our strategy of controlled growth of VO2 NWs promisingly paves the way for designing novel metal-insulator transition devices based on VO2 NWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, South University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hua Guo
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Abbas Amini
- School of Computing, Engineering and Mathematics, University of Western Sydney, Kingswood, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Deyi Fu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jian Zou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Haisheng Song
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO) and the School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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41
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Yang Y, Li L, Fei H, Peng Z, Ruan G, Tour JM. Graphene nanoribbon/V2O5 cathodes in lithium-ion batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:9590-9594. [PMID: 24844573 DOI: 10.1021/am501969m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nanocrystalline V2O5 particles were successfully entrapped by graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) derived from unzipped carbon nanotubes. The electrical conductivity of V2O5 nanoparticles was enhanced after introducing the GNRs. The 3-dimensional conductive framework in the composites plays a significant role in improving the rate performance and cyclability of the material when used as a cathode in lithium-ion batteries. By tailoring the mass ratio between the GNRs and the V2O5 nanoparticles, the fabricated composites can deliver a high capacity of 278 mAh g(-1) at 0.1 C, which is close to its theoretical value, whereas a capacity of 165 mAh g(-1) can be maintained at 2 C. The delivered capacity at 0.1 C can maintain 78% of its initial capacity after 100 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, and §Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University , 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
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42
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Favaloro T, Suh J, Vermeersch B, Liu K, Gu Y, Chen LQ, Wang KX, Wu J, Shakouri A. Direct observation of nanoscale Peltier and Joule effects at metal-insulator domain walls in vanadium dioxide nanobeams. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:2394-2400. [PMID: 24735496 DOI: 10.1021/nl500042x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The metal to insulator transition (MIT) of strongly correlated materials is subject to strong lattice coupling, which brings about the unique one-dimensional alignment of metal-insulator (M-I) domains along nanowires or nanobeams. Many studies have investigated the effects of stress on the MIT and hence the phase boundary, but few have directly examined the temperature profile across the metal-insulating interface. Here, we use thermoreflectance microscopy to create two-dimensional temperature maps of single-crystalline VO2 nanobeams under external bias in the phase coexisting regime. We directly observe highly localized alternating Peltier heating and cooling as well as Joule heating concentrated at the M-I domain boundaries, indicating the significance of the domain walls and band offsets. Utilizing the thermoreflectance technique, we are able to elucidate strain accumulation along the nanobeam and distinguish between two insulating phases of VO2 through detection of the opposite polarity of their respective thermoreflectance coefficients. Microelasticity theory was employed to predict favorable domain wall configurations, confirming the monoclinic phase identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tela Favaloro
- Baskin School of Engineering, University of California , Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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43
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Paik T, Hong SH, Gaulding EA, Caglayan H, Gordon TR, Engheta N, Kagan CR, Murray CB. Solution-processed phase-change VO(2) metamaterials from colloidal vanadium oxide (VO(x)) nanocrystals. ACS NANO 2014; 8:797-806. [PMID: 24377298 DOI: 10.1021/nn4054446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate thermally switchable VO2 metamaterials fabricated using solution-processable colloidal nanocrystals (NCs). Vanadium oxide (VOx) NCs are synthesized through a nonhydrolytic reaction and deposited from stable colloidal dispersions to form NC thin films. Rapid thermal annealing transforms the VOx NC thin films into monoclinic, nanocrystalline VO2 thin films that show a sharp, reversible metal-insulator phase transition. Introduction of precise concentrations of tungsten dopings into the colloidal VOx NCs enables the still sharp phase transition of the VO2 thin films to be tuned to lower temperatures as the doping level increases. We fabricate "smart", differentially doped, multilayered VO2 films to program the phase and therefore the metal-insulator behavior of constituent vertically structured layers with temperature. With increasing temperature, we tailored the optical response of multilayered films in the near-IR and IR regions from that of a strong light absorber, in a metal-insulator structure, to that of a Drude-like reflector, characteristic of a pure metallic structure. We demonstrate that nanocrystal-based nanoimprinting can be employed to pattern multilayered subwavelength nanostructures, such as three-dimensional VO2 nanopillar arrays, that exhibit plasmonic dipolar responses tunable with a temperature change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejong Paik
- Department of Chemistry, ‡Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, §Department of Materials Science and Engineering, ⊥Department of Physics and Astronomy, and ∥Department of of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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44
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Song Q, Gong W, Ning G, Mehdi H, Zhang G, Ye J, Lin Y. A synergic effect of sodium on the phase transition of tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2014; 16:8783-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp00366g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A synergic effect of sodium on the metal–insulator transition temperature reduction of tungsten-doped vanadium dioxide is noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Faculty of Chemical
- Environmental & Biological Science and Technology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116012, P. R. China
| | - Weitao Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Faculty of Chemical
- Environmental & Biological Science and Technology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116012, P. R. China
| | - Guiling Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Faculty of Chemical
- Environmental & Biological Science and Technology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116012, P. R. China
| | - Hassan Mehdi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Faculty of Chemical
- Environmental & Biological Science and Technology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116012, P. R. China
| | - Guiqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Faculty of Chemical
- Environmental & Biological Science and Technology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116012, P. R. China
| | - Junwei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Faculty of Chemical
- Environmental & Biological Science and Technology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116012, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals and Faculty of Chemical
- Environmental & Biological Science and Technology
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116012, P. R. China
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45
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Parikh P, Chakraborty C, Abhilash TS, Sengupta S, Cheng C, Wu J, Deshmukh MM. Dynamically tracking the strain across the metal-insulator transition in VO2 measured using electromechanical resonators. NANO LETTERS 2013; 13:4685-4689. [PMID: 24000932 DOI: 10.1021/nl402116f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We study the strain state of doubly clamped VO2 nanobeam devices by dynamically probing resonant frequency of the nanoscale electromechanical device across the metal-insulator transition. Simultaneous resistance and resonance measurements indicate M1-M2 phase transition in the insulating state with a drop in resonant frequency concomitant with an increase in resistance. The resonant frequency increases by ~7 MHz with the growth of metallic domain (M2-R transition) due to the development of tensile strain in the nanobeam. Our approach to dynamically track strain coupled with simultaneous resistance and resonance measurements using electromechanical resonators enables the study of lattice-involved interactions more precisely than static strain measurements. This technique can be extended to other phase change systems important for device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritesh Parikh
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Mumbai 400005, India
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46
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Zhao Q, Cao T. Large-area Synthesis of Single-crystal PbTiO3 Nanobelts and Nanoflakes. CHEM LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.121148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingchun Zhao
- Department of Material Science and Technology, Anhui Institute of Architecture and Industry
| | - Tian Cao
- Department of Material Science and Technology, Anhui Institute of Architecture and Industry
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47
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Wang YT, Chen CH. Facile Growth of Thermochromic VO2 Nanostructures with Greatly Varied Phases and Morphologies. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:2550-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ic302562j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ting Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road,
Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, 30010, Republic of China
| | - Chun-Hua Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hsueh Road,
Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, 30010, Republic of China
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48
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Minić DM, Blagojević VA. Hydrothermal synthesis and controlled growth of vanadium oxide nanocrystals. CrystEngComm 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce40830b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Wu C, Feng F, Xie Y. Design of vanadium oxide structures with controllable electrical properties for energy applications. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:5157-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs35508j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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50
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Strelcov E, Tselev A, Ivanov I, Budai JD, Zhang J, Tischler JZ, Kravchenko I, Kalinin SV, Kolmakov A. Doping-based stabilization of the M2 phase in free-standing VO₂ nanostructures at room temperature. NANO LETTERS 2012; 12:6198-6205. [PMID: 23145774 DOI: 10.1021/nl303065h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A new high-yield method of doping VO(2) nanostructures with aluminum is proposed, which renders possible stabilization of the monoclinic M2 phase in free-standing nanoplatelets in ambient conditions and opens an opportunity for realization of a purely electronic Mott transition field-effect transistor without an accompanying structural transition. The synthesized free-standing M2-phase nanostructures are shown to have very high crystallinity and an extremely sharp temperature-driven metal-insulator transition. A combination of X-ray microdiffraction, micro-Raman spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and four-probe electrical measurements allowed thorough characterization of the doped nanostructures. Light is shed onto some aspects of the nanostructure growth, and the temperature-doping level phase diagram is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgheni Strelcov
- The Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.
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