1
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Chen Q, Zhai H, Beebe DJ, Li C, Wang B. Visualization-enhanced under-oil open microfluidic system for in situ characterization of multi-phase chemical reactions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1155. [PMID: 38326343 PMCID: PMC10850056 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45076-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Under-oil open microfluidic system, utilizing liquid-liquid boundaries for confinements, offers inherent advantages including clogging-free flow channels, flexible access to samples, and adjustable gas permeation, making it well-suited for studying multi-phase chemical reactions that are challenging for closed microfluidics. However, reports on the novel system have primarily focused on device fabrication and functionality demonstrations within biology, leaving their application in broader chemical analysis underexplored. Here, we present a visualization-enhanced under-oil open microfluidic system for in situ characterization of multi-phase chemical reactions with Raman spectroscopy. The enhanced system utilizes a semi-transparent silicon (Si) nanolayer over the substrate to enhance visualization in both inverted and upright microscope setups while reducing Raman noise from the substrate. We validated the system's chemical stability and capability to monitor gas evolution and gas-liquid reactions in situ. The enhanced under-oil open microfluidic system, integrating Raman spectroscopy, offers a robust open-microfluidic platform for label-free molecular sensing and real-time chemical/biochemical process monitoring in multi-phase systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Hang Zhai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - David J Beebe
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Chao Li
- Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
| | - Bu Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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2
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Lian P, Liu S, Ma Z, Wang Y, Han Y, Sun G, Wang X. Continuous-Flow Microreactor Accelerates Molecular Collisions for Lignin Depolymerization to Phenolic Monomers and Oligomers. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:5152-5161. [PMID: 37721149 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Effective depolymerization of lignin is the most important step for its comprehensive utilization. So far, most of the studies on depolymerization of lignin focused on batch processing, whereas only a few studies relied on the microreactor. In this study, we developed a continuous-flow microreactor for depolymerization of lignin into monomeric and oligomeric compounds. The yields of monomers and oligomers can be adjusted by varying the temperature, pressure, residence time, NaOH dosage, and solvent. Under optimized conditions, the lignin conversion rate was 77.73 wt %, and the monomer yield was 13.26 wt %, with 77.81% being phenolic compounds. In addition, comparative characterizations on the raw lignin and products demonstrated that the oil products were mainly composed of phenolic tetramers and trimers, and the effective cleavage of the β-O-4 linkage of S-type lignin was responsible for the high yield of 2,6-dimethoxyphenol. It indicated that raw lignin could be effectively depolymerized continuously using the continuous-flow microreactor, and it will be a new strategy for comprehensive utilization of lignin to produce fine-chemical intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Lian
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Shuangjie Liu
- School of Equipment Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110158, China
| | - Zihao Ma
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Yongying Wang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Ying Han
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Guangwei Sun
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Liaoning Key Lab of Lignocellulose Chemistry and BioMaterials, Liaoning Collaborative Innovation Center for Lignocellulosic Biorefinery, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
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3
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Jia N, Torres de Oliveira L, Bégin-Drolet A, Greener J. A spectIR-fluidic reactor for monitoring fast chemical reaction kinetics with on-chip attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:5129-5138. [PMID: 37609867 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00842h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidics has emerged as a powerful technology with diverse applications in microbiology, medicine, chemistry, and physics. While its potential for controlling and studying chemical reactions is well recognized, the extraction and analysis of useful chemical information generated within microfluidic devices remain challenging. This is mainly due to the limited tools available for in situ measurements of chemical reactions. In this study, we present a proof-of-concept spectIR-fluidic reactor design that combines microfluidics with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for in situ kinetic studies of fast reactions. By integrating a multi-ridge silicon attenuated total reflection (ATR) wafer into the microfluidic device, we enable multi-point measurements for precise reaction time monitoring. As such, this work establishes a validated foundation for studying fast chemical reactions using on-chip ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in a microfluidic reactor environment, which enables simultaneous monitoring of reagents, intermediates, and products using a phosphate proton transfer reaction. The spectIR-fluidic reactor platform offers customizable designs, allowing for the investigation of reactions with various time scales, and has the potential to significantly advance studies exploring reaction mechanisms and optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jia
- Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Leon Torres de Oliveira
- Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - André Bégin-Drolet
- Département de Génie Mécanique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jesse Greener
- Département de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- CHU de Québec, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, G1L 3L5, Canada
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4
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Surfactant effect on mass transfer characteristics in the generation and flow stages of gas–liquid Taylor flow in a microchannel. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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5
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Wang M, Xia H, Zhu L, Zhang Y. Regulating the Gas–Liquid Slug Flow in Microchannels through High-Frequency Pulsatile Perturbations. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei 200, Nanjing210094, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Huanming Xia
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei 200, Nanjing210094, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei 200, Nanjing210094, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yanyin Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiaolingwei 200, Nanjing210094, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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6
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Sheng L, Li S, Wang K, Chang Y, Deng J, Luo G. Gas–Liquid Microfluidics: Transition Hysteresis Behavior between Parallel Flow and Taylor Flow. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102201, China
| | - Kai Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Chang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Deng
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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7
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Xue P, Qu M, Shi J, Jiang Y, He N, Zhao T, Luo S, Zhou S, Zhang JJ, Luo Y, Chu G, Li H, Chen JF, Sun SG, Liao HG. In Situ TEM Observation of Stagnant Liquid Layer Activation in Nanochannel. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:6958-6963. [PMID: 36037446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of mass transfer in a stagnant fluid layer next to an interface govern numerous dynamic reactions in diffusional micro/nanopores, such as catalysis, fuel cells, and chemical separation. However, the effect of the interplay between stagnant liquid and flowing fluid on the micro/nanoscopic mass transfer dynamics remains poorly understood. Here, by using liquid cell transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we directly tracked microfluid unit migration at the nanoscale. By tracking the trajectories, an unexpected mass transfer phenomenon in which fluid units in the stagnant liquid layer migrated two orders faster during gas-liquid interface updating was identified. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicated that the chemical potential difference between nanoscale liquid layers led to convective flow, which greatly enhanced mass transfer on the surface. Our study opens up a pathway toward research on mass transfer in the surface liquid layers at high spatial and temporal resolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Mi Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Shi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Youhong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Nana He
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiqing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Jun Zhang
- Xiamen Chip-Nova Technology Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangwen Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Feng Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Gang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Gang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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8
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Mechanism and modeling of Taylor bubble generation in viscous liquids via the vertical squeezing route. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Fei Y, Zhu C, Fu T, Gao X, Ma Y. Slug bubble deformation and its influence on bubble breakup dynamics in microchannel. Chin J Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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10
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Lim AE, Lam YC. Vertical Squeezing Route Taylor Flow with Angled Microchannel Junctions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- An Eng Lim
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yee Cheong Lam
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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11
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Microfluidics-based determination of diffusion coefficient for gas-liquid reaction system with hydrogen peroxide. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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12
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Yin Y, Zhang X, Zhu C, Fu T, Ma Y. Hydrodynamics and gas-liquid mass transfer in a cross-flow T-junction microchannel: Comparison of two operation modes. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Barata‐Vallejo S, Postigo A. New Visible‐Light‐Triggered Photocatalytic Trifluoromethylation Reactions of Carbon–Carbon Multiple Bonds and (Hetero)Aromatic Compounds. Chemistry 2020; 26:11065-11084. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Barata‐Vallejo
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junin 954 CP 1113 Buenos Aires Argentina
- ISOFConsiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Via P. Gobetti 101 40129 Bologna Italy
| | - Al Postigo
- Department of Organic ChemistryUniversidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica Junin 954 CP 1113 Buenos Aires Argentina
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14
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Zhang J, Teixeira AR, Zhang H, Jensen KF. Determination of fast gas–liquid reaction kinetics in flow. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9re00390h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A flow concept is developed to measure fast gas–liquid reaction kinetics based on a tube-in-tube reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisong Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Andrew R. Teixeira
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering
| | - Haomiao Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
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15
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Lim AE, Lim CY, Lam YC, Lim YH. Effect of microchannel junction angle on two-phase liquid-gas Taylor flow. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2019.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Nirmal GM, Leary TF, Ramachandran A. Mass transfer dynamics in the dissolution of Taylor bubbles. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:2746-2756. [PMID: 30681691 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01144c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of thermodynamic and mass transfer parameters in gas-liquid systems is critical for the design of macroscale units for separation and reaction processes. The phenomenon of shrinkage of Taylor bubbles upon dissolution has the capability of supplying these design parameters, provided a reliable mathematical model is available for data deconvolution. Unfortunately, the existing models in the literature suffer from at least one of the following three major limitations. First, mass transfer between the bulk liquid segment and the surrounding liquid film has been incorrectly estimated. Second, the liquid segment is assumed to be well mixed, even though there is clear evidence of the contrary in the literature [Yang et al., Chem. Eng. Sci., 2017, 169, 106]. Third, an average mass transfer coefficient is assumed to be valid throughout the dissolution process, despite the fact that bubble velocities can change significantly during dissolution. In this work, we have rectified these limitations and developed a detailed model that takes into account the local concentration gradients and the flow profiles, without resorting to the computationally expensive, full numerical simulations of the fluid flow and concentration distribution equations. To validate the model, experiments were carried out in circular, silica capillaries of different radii by generating segmented flow of CO2 in physical solvents, and the diffusivity and the solubility were subsequently extracted with an error of less than 5%. This work can be extended to the study of gas-liquid-solid reactions in the Taylor flow configuration, and applied to the design of catalyst-coated monolithic reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghata M Nirmal
- 200 College St, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Thomas F Leary
- 200 College St, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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17
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Tian R, Li K, Shi W, Ding C, Lu C. In situ visualization of hydrophilic spatial heterogeneity inside microfluidic chips by fluorescence microscopy. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:934-940. [PMID: 30810141 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc01336e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence visualization for hydrophilic spatial heterogeneity inside microfluidic chips is a long-standing challenge owing to the lack of fluorescent dyes with high contrast between the target and the background noise. Herein, we used boronic acid in aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecules as an anchor group towards modified hydroxyl groups, and an in situ visualization approach for hydrophilic spatial heterogeneity inside microfluidic chips was demonstrated. This success is based on the high-contrast of fluorescent behaviors for AIE molecules in aqueous solution and their immobilization by hydroxyl groups inside the microfluidic channels. In comparison to conventional laboratory-based ex situ techniques, the proposed strategy provides a direct representation for hydrophilic spatial heterogeneity, including the quantity and distribution of hydroxyl groups. This discovery not only identifies a previously unknown variability in hydrophilic spatial heterogeneity inside microfluidic channels, but also guides an optimal hydrophilic modification method in the channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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18
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Feng H, Zhu X, Zhang B, Chen R, Liao Q, Ye D, Liu J, Liu M, Chen G, Wang K. Visualization of two-phase reacting flow behavior in a gas–liquid–solid microreactor. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00307f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The hydrodynamic characteristics of gas–liquid two-phase flow can significantly affect the performance of gas–liquid–solid microreactors.
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19
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An experimental and theoretical investigation of pure carbon dioxide absorption in aqueous sodium hydroxide in glass millichannels. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Yan X, Lai YH, Zare RN. Preparative microdroplet synthesis of carboxylic acids from aerobic oxidation of aldehydes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:5207-5211. [PMID: 29997875 PMCID: PMC6001248 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01580e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Single liquid-phase and liquid-liquid phase reactions in microdroplets have shown much faster kinetics than that in the bulk phase. This work extends the scope of microdroplet reactions to gas-liquid reactions and achieves preparative synthesis. We report highly efficient aerobic oxidation of aldehydes to carboxylic acids in microdroplets. Molecular oxygen plays two roles: (1) as the sheath gas to shear the aldehyde solution into microdroplets, and (2) as the sole oxidant. The dramatic increase of the surface-area-to-volume ratio of microdroplets compared to bulk solution, and the efficient mixing of gas and liquid phases using spray nozzles allow effective mass transfer between aldehydes and molecular oxygen. The addition of catalytic nickel(ii) acetate is shown to accelerate further microdroplet reactions of this kind. We show that aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic aldehydes can be oxidized to the corresponding carboxylic acids in a mixture of water and ethanol using the nickel(ii) acetate catalyst, in moderate to excellent yields (62-91%). The microdroplet synthesis is scaled up to make it preparative. For example, aerobic oxidation of 4-tert-butylbenzaldehyde to 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid was achieved at a rate of 10.5 mg min-1 with an isolated product yield of 66%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yan
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , CA 94305-5080 , USA .
| | - Yin-Hung Lai
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , CA 94305-5080 , USA .
| | - Richard N Zare
- Department of Chemistry , Stanford University , Stanford , CA 94305-5080 , USA .
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21
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Zhang P, Yao C, Ma H, Jin N, Zhang X, Lü H, Zhao Y. Dynamic changes in gas-liquid mass transfer during Taylor flow in long serpentine square microchannels. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Ramanjaneyulu BT, Vishwakarma NK, Vidyacharan S, Adiyala PR, Kim DP. Towards Versatile Continuous-Flow Chemistry and Process Technology Via New Conceptual Microreactor Systems. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bandaru T. Ramanjaneyulu
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Niraj K. Vishwakarma
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Shinde Vidyacharan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Praveen Reddy Adiyala
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Dong-Pyo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH); Pohang 37673 Korea
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23
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Wang C, Cao J, Zhou Y, Xia XH. On-chip microfluidic generation of monodisperse bubbles for liquid interfacial tension measurement. Talanta 2018; 176:646-651. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Ha DH, Ko DH, Kim JO, Im DJ, Kim BS, Park SY, Park S, Kim DP, Cho DW. Indirect fabrication of versatile 3D microfluidic device by a rotating plate combined 3D printing system. RSC Adv 2018; 8:37693-37699. [PMID: 35558598 PMCID: PMC9089432 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08465c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid on-demand sacrificial printing techniques using suitable combinations of resin and sacrificial materials would be desirable to fabricate versatile and functional microfluidic devices with complex designs and chemical resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Heon Ha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- South Korea
| | - Dong-Hyeon Ko
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- South Korea
| | - Jin-oh Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- Korea
| | - Do Jin Im
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pukyong National University
- Busan
- South Korea
| | - Byoung Soo Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- South Korea
| | - Soo-Young Park
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu
- South Korea
| | - Steve Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
- Daejeon
- Korea
| | - Dong-Pyo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- South Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- South Korea
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25
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Gao S, Mohammad M, Yang HC, Xu J, Liang K, Hou J, Chen V. Janus Reactors with Highly Efficient Enzymatic CO 2 Nanocascade at Air-Liquid Interface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:42806-42815. [PMID: 29160687 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b14465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Though enzymatic cascade reactors have been the subject of intense research over the past few years, their application is still limited by the complicated fabrication protocols, unsatisfactory stability and lack of effective reactor designs. In addition, the spatial positioning of the cascade reactor has so far not been investigated, which is of significant importance for biphase catalytic reaction systems. Inspired by the Janus properties of the lipid cellular membrane, here we show a highly efficient Janus gas-liquid reactor for CO2 hydration and conversion. Within the Janus reactor, nanocascades containing the nanoscale compartmentalized carbonic anhydrase and formic dehydrogenase were positioned at a well-defined gas-liquid interface, with a high substrate concentration gradient. The Janus reactor exhibited 2.5 times higher CO2 hydration efficiency compared with the conventional gas-liquid contactor with pristine membranes, and the formic acid conversion rate can reach approximately 90%. Through this work, we provide evidence that the spatial arrangement of the nanocascade is also crucial to efficient reactions, and the Janus reactor can be a promising candidate for the biphase catalytic reactions in environmental, biological and energy aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Munirah Mohammad
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Hao-Cheng Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University , Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education , Qingdao 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Liang
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Jingwei Hou
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB3 0FS, United Kingdom
| | - Vicki Chen
- UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales , Sydney 2052, Australia
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26
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Pu X, Li G, Song Y, Shang M, Su Y. Droplet Coalescence Phenomena during Liquid–Liquid Heterogeneous Reactions in Microreactors. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b03324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Pu
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Guangxiao Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Minjing Shang
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Yuanhai Su
- Department of Chemical Engineering,
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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27
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28
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Kurt SK, Warnebold F, Nigam KD, Kockmann N. Gas-liquid reaction and mass transfer in microstructured coiled flow inverter. Chem Eng Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Zhang J, Teixeira AR, Zhang H, Jensen KF. Automated in Situ Measurement of Gas Solubility in Liquids with a Simple Tube-in-Tube Reactor. Anal Chem 2017; 89:8524-8530. [PMID: 28737892 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Data on the solubilities of gases in liquids are foundational for assessing a variety of multiphase separations and gas-liquid reactions. Taking advantage of the tube-in-tube reactor design built with semipermeable Teflon AF-2400 tubes, liquids can be rapidly saturated without direct contacting of gas and liquid. The gas solubility can be determined by performing steady-state flux balances of both the gas and liquid flowing into the reactor system. Using this type of reactor, a fully automated strategy has been developed for the rapid in situ measurement of gas solubilities in liquids. The developed strategy enables precise gas solubility measurements within 2-5 min compared with 4-5 h using conventional methods. This technique can be extended to the discrete multipoint steady-state and continuous ramped-multipoint data acquisition methods. The accuracy of this method has been validated against several gas-liquid systems, showing less than 2% deviation from known values. Finally, this strategy has been extended to measure the temperature dependence of gas solubilities in situ and to estimate the local enthalpy of dissolution across a defined temperature range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisong Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andrew R Teixeira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Haomiao Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Klavs F Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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30
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Beulig RJ, Warias R, Heiland JJ, Ohla S, Zeitler K, Belder D. A droplet-chip/mass spectrometry approach to study organic synthesis at nanoliter scale. LAB ON A CHIP 2017; 17:1996-2002. [PMID: 28513728 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00313g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A droplet-based microfluidic device with seamless hyphenation to electrospray mass spectrometry was developed to rapidly investigate organic reactions in segmented flow providing a versatile tool for drug development. A chip-MS interface with an integrated counterelectrode allowed for a flexible positioning of the chip-emitter in front of the MS orifice as well as an independent adjustment of the electrospray potentials. This was necessary to avoid contamination of the mass spectrometer as well as sample overloading due to the high analyte concentrations. The device was exemplarily applied to study the scope of an amino-catalyzed domino reaction with low picomole amount of catalyst in individual nanoliter sized droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Beulig
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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31
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Leary TF, Ramachandran A. The hydrodynamics of segmented two-phase flow in a circular tube with rapidly dissolving drops. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:3147-3160. [PMID: 28397931 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01606e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses boundary integral simulations of dissolving drops flowing through a cylindrical tube for large aspect ratio drops. The dynamics of drop dissolution is determined by three dimensionless parameters: λ, the viscosity of the drop fluid relative to the suspending fluid; Ca, the capillary number defining the ratio of the hydrodynamic force to the interfacial tension force; and k, a dissolution constant based on the velocity of dissolution. For a single dissolving drop, the velocity in the upstream region is greater than the downstream region, and for sufficiently large k, the downstream velocity can be completely reversed, particularly at low Ca. The upstream end of the drop travels faster and experiences greater deformation than the downstream end. The film thickness, δ, between the drop and the tube wall is governed by a delicate balance between dissolution and changes in the outer fluid velocity resulting from a fixed pressure drop across the tube and mass continuity. Therefore, δ, and consequently, the drop average velocity, can increase, decrease or be relatively invariant in time. For two drops flowing in succession, while low Ca drops maintain a nearly constant separation distance during dissolution, at sufficiently large Ca, for all values of k, dissolution increases the separation distance between drops. Under these conditions, the liquid segments between two adjacent drops can no longer be considered as constant volume stirred tanks. These results will guide the choices of geometry and operating parameters that will facilitate the characterization of fast gas-liquid reactions via two-phase segmented flows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Leary
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S3E5 - Canada.
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32
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Chi JJ, Johnstone TC, Voicu D, Mehlmann P, Dielmann F, Kumacheva E, Stephan DW. Quantifying the efficiency of CO 2 capture by Lewis pairs. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3270-3275. [PMID: 28553530 PMCID: PMC5424443 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc05607e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A microfluidic strategy is used to assess the relative efficiency and thermodynamic parameters of CO2 binding by three Lewis acid/base combinations.
A microfluidic strategy has been used for the time- and labour-efficient evaluation of the relative efficiency and thermodynamic parameters of CO2 binding by three Lewis acid/base combinations, where efficiency is based on the amount of CO2 taken up per binding unit in solution. Neither tBu3P nor B(C6F5)3 were independently effective at CO2 capture, and the combination of the imidazolin-2-ylidenamino-substituted phosphine (NIiPr)3P and B(C6F5)3 was equally ineffective. Nonetheless, an archetypal frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) comprised of tBu3P and B(C6F5)3 was shown to bind CO2 more efficiently than either the FLP derived from tetramethylpiperidine (TMP) and B(C6F5)3 or the highly basic phosphine (NIiPr)3P. Moreover, the proposed microfluidic platform was used to elucidate the thermodynamic parameters for these reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay J Chi
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George St. , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada .
| | - Timothy C Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George St. , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada .
| | - Dan Voicu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George St. , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada .
| | - Paul Mehlmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstrasse 30 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Fabian Dielmann
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstrasse 30 , 48149 Münster , Germany
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George St. , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada .
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George St. , Toronto , Ontario M5S 3H6 , Canada .
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33
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Peng D, Xin F, Zhang L, Gao Z, Zhang W, Wang Y, Chen X, Wang Y. Nonlinear time‐series analysis of optical signals to identify multiphase flow behavior in microchannels. AIChE J 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyue Peng
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin300072 China
| | - Feng Xin
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin300072 China
| | - Lexiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin300072 China
| | - Zuopeng Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin300072 China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringTianjin300072 China
| | - Yuexing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Opto‐Electronics Information Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of Precision Instrument and Opto‐Electronics Engineering, Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072 China
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Opto‐Electronics Information Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of Precision Instrument and Opto‐Electronics Engineering, Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072 China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Opto‐Electronics Information Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of Precision Instrument and Opto‐Electronics Engineering, Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072 China
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34
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Haase S, Murzin DY, Salmi T. Review on hydrodynamics and mass transfer in minichannel wall reactors with gas–liquid Taylor flow. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2016.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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35
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Lu Y, Fu T, Zhu C, Ma Y, Li HZ. Dynamics of bubble breakup at a T junction. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:022802. [PMID: 26986389 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.022802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The gas-liquid interfacial dynamics of bubble breakup in a T junction was investigated. Four regimes were observed for a bubble passing through the T junction. It was identified by the stop flow that a critical width of the bubble neck existed: if the minimum width of the bubble neck was less than the critical value, the breakup was irreversible and fast; while if the minimum width of the bubble neck was larger than the critical value, the breakup was reversible and slow. The fast breakup was driven by the surface tension and liquid inertia and is independent of the operating conditions. The minimum width of the bubble neck could be scaled with the remaining time as a power law with an exponent of 0.22 in the beginning and of 0.5 approaching the final fast pinch-off. The slow breakup was driven by the continuous phase and the gas-liquid interface was in the equilibrium stage. Before the appearance of the tunnel, the width of the depression region could be scaled with the time as a power law with an exponent of 0.75; while after that, the width of the depression was a logarithmic function with the time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Taotao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chunying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Youguang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Huai Z Li
- Laboratory of Reactions and Process Engineering, University of Lorraine, CNRS, 1, rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy cedex, France
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36
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Ko DH, Ren W, Kim JO, Wang J, Wang H, Sharma S, Faustini M, Kim DP. Superamphiphobic Silicon-Nanowire-Embedded Microsystem and In-Contact Flow Performance of Gas and Liquid Streams. ACS NANO 2016; 10:1156-1162. [PMID: 26738843 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b06454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Gas and liquid streams are invariably separated either by a solid wall or by a membrane for heat or mass transfer between the gas and liquid streams. Without the separating wall, the gas phase is present as bubbles in liquid or, in a microsystem, as gas plugs between slugs of liquid. Continuous and direct contact between the two moving streams of gas and liquid is quite an efficient way of achieving heat or mass transfer between the two phases. Here, we report a silicon nanowire built-in microsystem in which a liquid stream flows in contact with an underlying gas stream. The upper liquid stream does not penetrate into the lower gas stream due to the superamphiphobic nature of the silicon nanowires built into the bottom wall, thereby preserving the integrity of continuous gas and liquid streams, although they are flowing in contact. Due to the superamphiphobic nature of silicon nanowires, the microsystem provides the best possible interfacial mass transfer known to date between flowing gas and liquid phases, which can achieve excellent chemical performance in two-phase organic syntheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hyeon Ko
- National Center of Applied Microfluidic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyungsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea
| | - Wurong Ren
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Oh Kim
- National Center of Applied Microfluidic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyungsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea
| | - Jun Wang
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology , Changsha 410073, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Siddharth Sharma
- National Center of Applied Microfluidic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyungsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea
| | - Marco Faustini
- Sorbonne Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, CNRS, Collège de France, UMR 7574, Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Dong-Pyo Kim
- National Center of Applied Microfluidic Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyungsangbuk-do 37673, South Korea
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37
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Fransen S, Kuhn S. A model-based technique for the determination of interfacial fluxes in gas–liquid flows in capillaries. REACT CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5re00053j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A non-invasive method to quantify interfacial mass transfer in gas–liquid flow is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senne Fransen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
| | - Simon Kuhn
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Leuven
- Belgium
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38
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Accelerated gas-liquid visible light photoredox catalysis with continuous-flow photochemical microreactors. Nat Protoc 2015; 11:10-21. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2015.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Zhang Y, Zhang X, Xu B, Cai W, Wang F. CFD simulation of mass transfer intensified by chemical reactions in slug flow microchannels. CAN J CHEM ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Xubin Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Bujian Xu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Wangfeng Cai
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Fumin Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology; Tianjin University; Tianjin 300072 China
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40
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Abolhasani M, Kumacheva E, Günther A. Peclet Number Dependence of Mass Transfer in Microscale Segmented Gas–Liquid Flow. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.5b01991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Milad Abolhasani
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Axel Günther
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
- Institute
of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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41
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Peng D, Xin F, Zhang L, Yu H, Zhang W. Experiments and modeling on bubble uniformity of Taylor flow in T-junction microchannel. Chem Eng Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2015.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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42
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Su Y, Hessel V, Noël T. A compact photomicroreactor design for kinetic studies of gas-liquid photocatalytic transformations. AIChE J 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhai Su
- Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry; Eindhoven University of Technology; Den Dolech 2 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Volker Hessel
- Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry; Eindhoven University of Technology; Den Dolech 2 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Timothy Noël
- Micro Flow Chemistry and Process Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry; Eindhoven University of Technology; Den Dolech 2 5600 MB Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Dept. of Organic Chemistry; Ghent University; Krijgslaan 281 (S4) 9000 Gent Belgium
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43
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44
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With S, Trebbin M, Bartz CBA, Neuber C, Dulle M, Yu S, Roth SV, Schmidt HW, Förster S. Fast diffusion-limited lyotropic phase transitions studied in situ using continuous flow microfluidics/microfocus-SAXS. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:12494-502. [PMID: 25216394 DOI: 10.1021/la502971m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Fast concentration-induced diffusion-limited lyotropic phase transitions can be studied in situ with millisecond time resolution using continuous flow microfluidics in combination with microfocus small-angle X-ray scattering. The method was applied to follow a classical self-assembly sequence where amphiphiles assemble into micelles, which subsequently assemble into an ordered lattice via a disorder/order transition. As a model system we selected the self-assembly of an amphiphilic block copolymer induced by the addition of a nonsolvent. Using microchannel hydrodynamic flow-focusing, large concentration gradients can be generated, leading to a deep quench from the miscible to the microphase-separated state. Within milliseconds the block copolymers assembly via a spinodal microphase separation into micelles, followed by a disorder/order transition into an FCC liquid-crystalline phase with late-stage domain growth and shear-induced domain orientation into a mesocrystal. A comparison with a slow macroscopic near-equilibrium kinetic experiment shows that the fast structural transitions follow a direct pathway to the equilibrium structure without the trapping of metastable states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian With
- Physical Chemistry I and ‡Macromolecular Chemistry I, University of Bayreuth , Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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45
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Yin H, Sheng C, Chen Z, Yuan S, Li H, Mei J. Mass Transfer Reaction Kinetics ofβ-Isophorone Oxidation by Air in an Agitator Bubbling Reactor. Chem Eng Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201300726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Lestari G, Abolhasani M, Bennett D, Chase P, Günther A, Kumacheva E. Switchable Water: Microfluidic Investigation of Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation Mediated by Carbon Dioxide. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:11972-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja504184q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Lestari
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Milad Abolhasani
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Darla Bennett
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Preston Chase
- Switchable Solutions,
Inc., 945 Princess Street, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Axel Günther
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King’s College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada
- Institute
of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Eugenia Kumacheva
- Department
of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Institute
of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 164 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
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Abolhasani M, Oskooei A, Klinkova A, Kumacheva E, Günther A. Shaken, and stirred: oscillatory segmented flow for controlled size-evolution of colloidal nanomaterials. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:2309-18. [PMID: 24828153 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00131a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We introduce oscillatory segmented flow as a compact microfluidic format that accommodates slow chemical reactions for the solution-phase processing of colloidal nanomaterials. The strategy allows the reaction progress to be monitored at a dynamic range of up to 80 decibels (i.e., residence times of up to one day, equivalent to 720-14,400 times the mixing time) from only one sensing location. A train of alternating gas bubbles and liquid reaction compartments (segmented flow) was initially formed, stopped and then subjected to a consistent back-and-forth motion. The oscillatory segmented flow was obtained by periodically manipulating the pressures at the device inlet and outlet via square wave signals generated by non-wetted solenoid valves. The readily implementable format significantly reduced the device footprint as compared with continuous segmented flow. We investigated mixing enhancement for varying liquid segment lengths, oscillation amplitudes and oscillation frequencies. The etching of gold nanorods served as a case study to illustrate the utility of the approach for dynamic characterization and precise control of colloidal nanomaterial size and shape for 5 h. Oscillatory segmented flows will be beneficial for a broad range of lab-on-a-chip applications that require long processing times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Abolhasani
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada.
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Abolhasani M, Günther A, Kumacheva E. Microfluidic studies of carbon dioxide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:7992-8002. [PMID: 24961230 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) sequestration, storage and recycling will greatly benefit from comprehensive studies of physical and chemical gas-liquid processes involving CO2. Over the past five years, microfluidics emerged as a valuable tool in CO2-related research, due to superior mass and heat transfer, reduced axial dispersion, well-defined gas-liquid interfacial areas and the ability to vary reagent concentrations in a high-throughput manner. This Minireview highlights recent progress in microfluidic studies of CO2-related processes, including dissolution of CO2 in physical solvents, CO2 reactions, the utilization of CO2 in materials science, and the use of supercritical CO2 as a "green" solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Abolhasani
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto M5S 3G8, Ontario (Canada)
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