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Luo W, Wang C, Li X, Liu J, Hou D, Zhang X, Huang G, Lu X, Li Y, Zhou T. Advancements in defect engineering of two-dimensional nanomaterial-based membranes for enhanced gas separation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3745-3763. [PMID: 38525977 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00201f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The advent of two-dimensional nanomaterials, a revolutionary class of materials, is marked by their atomic-scale thickness, superior aspect ratios, robust mechanical attributes, and exceptional chemical stability. These materials, producible on a large scale, are emerging as the forefront candidates in the domain of membrane-based gas separation. The concept of defect engineering in 2D nanomaterials has introduced a novel approach in their application for membrane separation, offering an effective technique to augment the performance of these membranes. Nonetheless, the development of customized microstructures in gas separation membranes via defect engineering remains nascent. Hence, this review is designed to serve as a comprehensive guide for the application of defect engineering in 2D nanomaterial-based membranes. It delves into the most recent developments in this field, encompassing the synthesis methodologies of defective 2D nanomaterials and the mechanisms underlying gas transport. Special emphasis is placed on the utilization of defect-engineered 2D nanomaterial-based membranes in gas capture applications. Furthermore, the paper encapsulates the burgeoning challenges and prospective advancements in this area. In essence, defect engineering emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing the efficacy of 2D nanomaterial-based membranes in gas separation, offering significant potential for advancements in membrane-based gas separation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Luo
- Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Baiyin 730900, P. R. China. wjluo94.@126.com
| | - Changzheng Wang
- Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Baiyin 730900, P. R. China. wjluo94.@126.com
| | - Xueguo Li
- Baiyin Nonferrous Group Company Limited Copper Company, Baiyin 730900, P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Baiyin 730900, P. R. China. wjluo94.@126.com
| | - Duo Hou
- Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Baiyin 730900, P. R. China. wjluo94.@126.com
| | - Xi Zhang
- Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Baiyin 730900, P. R. China. wjluo94.@126.com
| | - Guoxian Huang
- Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Baiyin 730900, P. R. China. wjluo94.@126.com
| | - Xingwu Lu
- Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Baiyin 730900, P. R. China. wjluo94.@126.com
| | - Yanlong Li
- Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Baiyin 730900, P. R. China. wjluo94.@126.com
| | - Tao Zhou
- Northwest Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Baiyin 730900, P. R. China. wjluo94.@126.com
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2
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Fu GE, Yang H, Zhao W, Samorì P, Zhang T. 2D Conjugated Polymer Thin Films for Organic Electronics: Opportunities and Challenges. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2311541. [PMID: 38551322 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
2D conjugated polymers (2DCPs) possess extended in-plane π-conjugated lattice and out-of-plane π-π stacking, which results in enhanced electronic performance and potentially unique band structures. These properties, along with predesignability, well-defined channels, easy postmodification, and order structure attract extensive attention from material science to organic electronics. In this review, the recent advance in the interfacial synthesis and conductivity tuning strategies of 2DCP thin films, as well as their application in organic electronics is summarized. Furthermore, it is shown that, by combining topology structure design and targeted conductivity adjustment, researchers have fabricated 2DCP thin films with predesigned active groups, highly ordered structures, and enhanced conductivity. These films exhibit great potential for various thin-film organic electronics, such as organic transistors, memristors, electrochromism, chemiresistors, and photodetectors. Finally, the future research directions and perspectives of 2DCPs are discussed in terms of the interfacial synthetic design and structure engineering for the fabrication of fully conjugated 2DCP thin films, as well as the functional manipulation of conductivity to advance their applications in future organic electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-En Fu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Haoyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Wenkai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge, Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Tao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China
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3
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Ren Y, Xu Y. Recent advances in two-dimensional polymers: synthesis, assembly and energy-related applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1823-1869. [PMID: 38192222 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00782k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional polymers (2DPs) are a class of 2D crystalline polymer materials with definite structures, which have outstanding physical-chemical and electronic properties. They cleverly link organic building units through strong covalent bonds and can construct functional 2DPs through reasonable design and selection of different monomer units to meet various application requirements. As promising energy materials, 2DPs have developed rapidly in recent years. This review first introduces the basic overview of 2DPs, such as their historical development, inherent 2D characteristics and diversified topological advantages, followed by the summary of the typical 2DP synthesis methods recently (including "top-down" and "bottom-up" methods). The latest research progress in assembly and processing of 2DPs and the energy-related applications in energy storage and conversion are also discussed. Finally, we summarize and prospect the current research status, existing challenges, and future research directions of 2DPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Ren
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yuxi Xu
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China.
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4
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Bhardwaj A, Surmani Martins MV, You Y, Sajja R, Rimmer M, Goutham S, Qi R, Abbas Dar S, Radha B, Keerthi A. Fabrication of angstrom-scale two-dimensional channels for mass transport. Nat Protoc 2024; 19:240-280. [PMID: 38012396 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-023-00911-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Fluidic channels at atomic scales regulate cellular trafficking and molecular filtration across membranes, and thus play crucial roles in the functioning of living systems. However, constructing synthetic channels experimentally at these scales has been a significant challenge due to the limitations in nanofabrication techniques and the surface roughness of the commonly used materials. Angstrom (Å)-scale slit-like channels overcome such challenges as these are made with precise control over their dimensions and can be used to study the fluidic properties of gases, ions and water at unprecedented scales. Here we provide a detailed fabrication method of the two-dimensional Å-scale channel devices that can be assembled to contain a desired number of channels, a single channel or up to hundreds of channels, made with atomic-scale precision using layered crystals. The procedure includes the fabrication of the substrate, flake, spacer layer, flake transfers, van der Waals assembly and postprocessing. We further explain how to perform molecular transport measurements with the Å-channels to directly probe the intriguing and anomalous phenomena that help shed light on the physics governing ultra-confined transport. The procedure requires a total of 1-2 weeks for the fabrication of the two-dimensional channel device and is suitable for users with prior experience in clean room working environments and nanofabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Bhardwaj
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Marcos Vinicius Surmani Martins
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Yi You
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ravalika Sajja
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Max Rimmer
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Solleti Goutham
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rongrong Qi
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sidra Abbas Dar
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Boya Radha
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Ashok Keerthi
- National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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5
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Zhao W, Fu GE, Yang H, Zhang T. Two-Dimensional Conjugated Polymers: a New Choice For Organic Thin-Film Transistors. Chem Asian J 2023:e202301076. [PMID: 38151907 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202301076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) as a vital component among transistors have shown great potential in smart sensing, flexible displays, and bionics due to their flexibility, biocompatibility and customizable chemical structures. Even though linear conjugated polymer semiconductors are common for constructing channel materials of OTFTs, advanced materials with high charge carrier mobility, tunable band structure, robust stability, and clear structure-property relationship are indispensable for propelling the evolution of OTFTs. Two-dimensional conjugated polymers (2DCPs), featured with conjugated lattice, tailorable skeletons, and functional porous structures, match aforementioned criteria closely. In this review, we firstly introduce the synthesis of 2DCP thin films, focusing on their characteristics compatible with the channels of OTFTs. Subsequently, the physics and operating mechanisms of OTFTs and the applications of 2DCPs in OTFTs are summarized in detail. Finally, the outlook and perspective in the field of OTFTs using 2DCPs are provided as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkai Zhao
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, 315201, Ningbo, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-En Fu
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, 315201, Ningbo, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Haoyong Yang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, 315201, Ningbo, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, 315201, Ningbo, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
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6
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Ajnsztajn A, Harikrishnan VVJ, Alahakoon SB, Zhu D, Barnes M, Daum J, Gayle J, Tomur G, Lowenstein J, Roy S, Ajayan PM, Verduzco R. Synthesis and Additive Manufacturing of Hydrazone-Linked Covalent Organic Framework Aerogels. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302304. [PMID: 37665636 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs) are crystalline, porous organic materials. Recent studies have demonstrated novel processing strategies for COFs to form adaptable architectures, but these have focused primarily on imine-linked COFs. This work presents a new synthesis and processing route to produce crystalline hydrazone-linked COF gels and aerogels with hierarchical porosity. The method was implemented to produce a series of hydrazone-linked COFs with different alkyl side-chain substituents, achieving control of the hydrophilicity of the final aerogel. Variation in the length of the alkyl substituents yielded materials with controllable form factors that can preferentially adsorb water or nonpolar organic solvents. Additionally, a method for additive manufacturing of hydrazone-linked COFs using hydroxymethylcellulose as a sacrificial additive is presented. This work demonstrates an effective and simple approach to the fabrication of hydrazone COF aerogels and additive manufacturing to produce hydrazone COFs of desired shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Ajnsztajn
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA
| | | | - Sampath B Alahakoon
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA
- Institute for Combinatorial Advanced Research and Education, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Kandawala Rd, Ratmalana, 10390, Sri Lanka
| | - Dongyang Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA
| | - Morgan Barnes
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA
| | - Jeremy Daum
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA
| | - Jessica Gayle
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA
| | - Gulnihal Tomur
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA
| | - Jacob Lowenstein
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA
| | - Soumyabrata Roy
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA
| | - Rafael Verduzco
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX-77005, USA
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7
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Li B, Zhang S, Xu L, Su Q, Du B. Emerging Robust Polymer Materials for High-Performance Two-Terminal Resistive Switching Memory. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4374. [PMID: 38006098 PMCID: PMC10675020 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Facing the era of information explosion and the advent of artificial intelligence, there is a growing demand for information technologies with huge storage capacity and efficient computer processing. However, traditional silicon-based storage and computing technology will reach their limits and cannot meet the post-Moore information storage requirements of ultrasmall size, ultrahigh density, flexibility, biocompatibility, and recyclability. As a response to these concerns, polymer-based resistive memory materials have emerged as promising candidates for next-generation information storage and neuromorphic computing applications, with the advantages of easy molecular design, volatile and non-volatile storage, flexibility, and facile fabrication. Herein, we first summarize the memory device structures, memory effects, and memory mechanisms of polymers. Then, the recent advances in polymer resistive switching materials, including single-component polymers, polymer mixtures, 2D covalent polymers, and biomacromolecules for resistive memory devices, are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of polymer memory materials and devices are discussed. Advances in polymer-based memristors will open new avenues in the design and integration of high-performance switching devices and facilitate their application in future information technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixin Li
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (B.L.)
- Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), Xi’an 710072, China
- School of Physics, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Shiyang Zhang
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (B.L.)
| | - Lan Xu
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (B.L.)
| | - Qiong Su
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha 410205, China; (B.L.)
| | - Bin Du
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Polytechnic University, Xi’an 710048, China
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8
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Rahmani Del Bakhshayesh A, Saghebasl S, Asadi N, Kashani E, Mehdipour A, Nezami Asl A, Akbarzadeh A. Recent advances in nano-scaffolds for tissue engineering applications: Toward natural therapeutics. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1882. [PMID: 36815236 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Among the promising methods for repairing or replacing tissue defects in the human body and the hottest research topics in medical science today are regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. On the other hand, nanotechnology has been expanded into different areas of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering due to its essential benefits in improving performance in various fields. Nanotechnology, a helpful strategy in tissue engineering, offers new solutions to unsolved problems. Especially considering the excellent physicochemical properties of nanoscale structures, their application in regenerative medicine has been gradually developed, and a lot of research has been conducted in this field. In this regard, various nanoscale structures, including nanofibers, nanosheets, nanofilms, nano-clays, hollow spheres, and different nanoparticles, have been developed to advance nanotechnology strategies with tissue repair goals. Here, we comprehensively review the application of the mentioned nanostructures in constructing nanocomposite scaffolds for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizeh Rahmani Del Bakhshayesh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Saghebasl
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nahideh Asadi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elmira Kashani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mehdipour
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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9
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Magnera TF, Dron PI, Bozzone JP, Jovanovic M, Rončević I, Tortorici E, Bu W, Miller EM, Rogers CT, Michl J. Porphene and porphite as porphyrin analogs of graphene and graphite. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6308. [PMID: 37813887 PMCID: PMC10562370 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41461-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials have unusual properties and promise applications in nanoelectronics, spintronics, photonics, (electro)catalysis, separations, and elsewhere. Most are inorganic and their properties are difficult to tune. Here we report the preparation of Zn porphene, a member of the previously only hypothetical organic metalloporphene family. Similar to graphene, these also are fully conjugated two-dimensional polymers, but are composed of fused metalloporphyrin rings. Zn porphene is synthesized on water surface by two-dimensional oxidative polymerization of a Langmuir layer of Zn porphyrin with K2IrCl6, reminiscent of known one-dimensional polymerization of pyrroles. It is transferable to other substrates and bridges μm-sized pits. Contrary to previous theoretical predictions of metallic conductivity, it is a p-type semiconductor due to a predicted Peierls distortion of its unit cell from square to rectangular, analogous to the appearance of bond-length alternation in antiaromatic molecules. The observed reversible insertion of various metal ions, possibly carrying a fifth or sixth ligand, promises tunability and even patterning of circuits on an atomic canvas without removing any π centers from conjugation.
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Grants
- University of Colorado Boulder Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, RVO: 61388963 The Czech Science Foundation grant 20-03691X
- Army Research Laboratory and Army Research Office grant W911NF-15-1-0435 National Science Foundation grant CHE 1900226 DARPA grant HR00111810006 University of Colorado Boulder
- Army Research Laboratory and Army Research Office grant W911NF-15-1-0435 National Science Foundation grant CHE 1900226 University of Colorado Boulder
- University of Colorado Boulder Research Computing Group, funded by National Science Foundation grants ACI-1532235 and ACI-1532236, and Colorado State University Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, RVO: 61388963 The Czech Science Foundation grant 20-03691X Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports grant e-INFRA CZ, ID:90140 Wallonia-Brussels International Excellence Grant (IR)
- Department of Energy Office of Science, BES, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Solar Photochemistry. The views expressed in the article do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Energy or the U.S. Government. Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC, operating NREL for Department of Energy grant DE-AC36-08GO28308
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Magnera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Paul I Dron
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jared P Bozzone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Milena Jovanovic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Igor Rončević
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Edward Tortorici
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Wei Bu
- ChemMatCARS, University of Chicago, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Elisa M Miller
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Charles T Rogers
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute (RASEI) at the University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Josef Michl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA.
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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10
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Sasaki K, Uchida Y, Nishiyama N. Bottom-up Synthesis of Nanosheets at Various Interfaces. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300255. [PMID: 37469138 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials with high aspect ratios have been widely studied for their unique properties. In particular, nanosheets have safety, dispersibility, and nanosized effects, and nanosheets with exceptionally small thicknesses exhibit unique properties. For non-exfoliable materials, the bottom-up nanosheet growth using various interfaces as templates have been investigated. This review article presents the synthesis of nanosheets at the interfaces and layered structure; it explains the features of each interface type, its advantages, and its uniqueness. The interfaces work as templates for nanosheet synthesis. We can easily use the liquid-liquid and gas-liquid interfaces as the templates; however, the thickness of nanosheets usually becomes thick because it allows materials to grow in thickness. The solid-gas and solid-liquid interfaces can prevent nanosheets from growing in thickness. However, the removal of template solids is required after the synthesis. The layered structures of various materials provide two-dimensional reaction fields between the layers. These methods have high versatility, and the nanosheets synthesized by these methods are thin. Finally, this review examines the key challenges and opportunities associated with scalable nanosheet synthesis methods for industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Sasaki
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Uchida
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
| | - Norikazu Nishiyama
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-8531, Japan
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11
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Chen Y, Yu C, Zhu X, Yu Q. Photomechanical effects based on a one-dimensional Zn coordination polymer crystal driven by [4 + 4] cycloaddition. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12194-12197. [PMID: 37606299 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02088f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Photomechanical crystals are promising candidates for photo actuators due to their ability to convert light energy into mechanical energy. We synthesized a coordination polymer crystal that can undergo [4 + 4] cycloaddition reactions with mechanical motion. The inclusion of {[ZnL2(4,4'-bipy)(CH3OH)2]}∞ in a polymer membrane significantly magnified the actuation behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Chen
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science), Jinan, 250353, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunjiao Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Shandong 266071, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Chen B, Xie H, Shen L, Xu Y, Zhang M, Zhou M, Li B, Li R, Lin H. Covalent Organic Frameworks: The Rising-Star Platforms for the Design of CO 2 Separation Membranes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2207313. [PMID: 36709424 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202207313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-based carbon dioxide (CO2 ) capture and separation technologies have aroused great interest in industry and academia due to their great potential to combat current global warming, reduce energy consumption in chemical separation of raw materials, and achieve carbon neutrality. The emerging covalent organic frameworks (COFs) composed of organic linkers via reversible covalent bonds are a class of porous crystalline polymers with regular and extended structures. The inherent structure and customizable organic linkers give COFs high and permanent porosity, short transport channel, tunable functionality, and excellent stability, thereby enabling them rising-star alternatives for developing advanced CO2 separation membranes. Therefore, the promising research areas ranging from development of COF membranes to their separation applications have emerged. Herein, this review first introduces the main advantages of COFs as the state-of-the-art membranes in CO2 separation, including tunable pore size, modifiable surfaces property, adjustable surface charge, excellent stability. Then, the preparation approaches of COF-based membranes are systematically summarized, including in situ growth, layer-by-layer stacking, blending, and interface engineering. Subsequently, the key advances of COF-based membranes in separating various CO2 mixed gases, such as CO2 /CH4 , CO2 /H2 , CO2 /N2 , and CO2 /He, are comprehensively discussed. Finally, the current issues and further research expectations in this field are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghong Chen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Hongli Xie
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Liguo Shen
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Yanchao Xu
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Meijia Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Mingzhu Zhou
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Bisheng Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Renjie Li
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Hongjun Lin
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
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13
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Lv J, Li W, Li J, Zhu Z, Dong A, Lv H, Li P, Wang B. A Triptycene-Based 2D MOF with Vertically Extended Structure for Improving the Electrocatalytic Performance of CO 2 to Methane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217958. [PMID: 36692843 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional conductive metal-organic frameworks (2D-c-MOFs) have attracted extensive attention owing to their unique structures and physical-chemical properties. However, the planarly extended structure of 2D-c-MOFs usually limited the accessibility of the active sites. Herein, we designed a triptycene-based 2D vertically conductive MOF (2D-vc-MOF) by coordinating 2,3,6,7,14,15-hexahydroxyltriptycene (HHTC) with Cu2+ . The vertically extended 2D-vc-MOF(Cu) possesses a weak interlayer interaction, which leads to a facile exfoliation to the nanosheet. Compared with the classical 2D-c-MOFs with planarly extended 2D structures, 2D-vc-MOF(Cu) exhibits a 100 % increased catalytic activity in terms of turnover number and a two-fold increased selectivity. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further revealed that higher activity originated from the lower energy barriers of the vertically extended 2D structures during the CO2 reduction reaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianning Lv
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wenrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jiani Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhejiaji Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Anwang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Huixia Lv
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, No. 5, South Street, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.,Advanced Technology Research Institute (Ji'nan), Beijing Institute of Technology, Ji'nan, Shandong, 250300, China
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14
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Interfacial Synthesis of an Ultrathin Two-Dimensional Polymer Film via [2 + 2] Photocycloaddition. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041930. [PMID: 36838919 PMCID: PMC9965025 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A carbon-carbon-linked, ultrathin, two-dimensional (2D) polymer film was prepared at the air/water interface through photochemically triggered [2 + 2] cycloaddition. The preorganization of the monomers on the water surface and the subsequent photo-polymerization led to the successful preparation of the ultrathin 2D polymer film. The obtained film is continuous, free standing, and has a large area (over 50 μm2). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) give clear evidence of the ultrathin film morphology. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicate successful photo-induced [2 + 2] polymerization.
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15
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Salzillo T, Brillante A, Weber T, Schlüter AD. What Changes in Topochemistry when Going from Small Molecule Dimerizations to Polymerizations in Single Crystals? Helv Chim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202200168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Salzillo
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari' University of Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 IT-40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Aldo Brillante
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari' University of Bologna Viale del Risorgimento 4 IT-40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Thomas Weber
- Department of Materials ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - A. Dieter Schlüter
- Department of Materials ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
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16
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Huang T, Jiang H, Douglin JC, Chen Y, Yin S, Zhang J, Deng X, Wu H, Yin Y, Dekel DR, Guiver MD, Jiang Z. Single Solution-Phase Synthesis of Charged Covalent Organic Framework Nanosheets with High Volume Yield. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202209306. [PMID: 36395246 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202209306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Covalent organic framework nanosheets (COF-NSs) are emerging building blocks for functional materials, and their scalable fabrication is highly desirable. Current synthetic methods suffer from low volume yields resulting from confined on-surface/at-interface growth space and complex multiple-phase synthesis systems. Herein, we report the synthesis of charged COF-NSs in open space using a single-phase organic solution system, achieving magnitudes higher volume yields of up to 18.7 mg mL-1 . Charge-induced electrostatic repulsion forces enable in-plane anisotropic secondary growth from initial discrete and disordered polymers into large and crystalline COF-NSs. The charged COF-NS colloidal suspensions are cast into thin and compact proton exchange membranes (PEMs) with lamellar morphology and oriented crystallinity, displaying outstanding proton conductivity, negligible dimensional swelling, and good H2 /O2 fuel cell performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Huang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Haifei Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - John C Douglin
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Yu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Shuoyao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xiaojuan Deng
- Analysis and Testing Center, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Dario R Dekel
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.,The Nancy & Stephen Grand Technion Energy Program (GTEP), Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Michael D Guiver
- State Key Laboratory of Engines, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China.,National Industry-Education Platform of Energy Storage, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Zhongyi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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17
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Mrđenović D, Cai ZF, Pandey Y, Bartolomeo GL, Zenobi R, Kumar N. Nanoscale chemical analysis of 2D molecular materials using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:963-974. [PMID: 36541047 PMCID: PMC9851175 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05127c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) molecular materials have attracted immense attention due to their unique properties, promising a wide range of exciting applications. To understand the structure-property relationship of these low-dimensional materials, sensitive analytical tools capable of providing structural and chemical characterisation at the nanoscale are required. However, most conventional analytical techniques fail to meet this challenge, especially in a label-free and non-destructive manner under ambient conditions. In the last two decades, tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has emerged as a powerful analytical technique for nanoscale chemical characterisation by combining the high spatial resolution of scanning probe microscopy and the chemical sensitivity and specificity of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. In this review article, we provide an overview of the application of TERS for nanoscale chemical analysis of 2D molecular materials, including 2D polymers, biomimetic lipid membranes, biological cell membranes, and 2D reactive systems. The progress in the structural and chemical characterisation of these 2D materials is demonstrated with key examples from our as well as other laboratories. We highlight the unique information that TERS can provide as well as point out the common pitfalls in experimental work and data interpretation and the possible ways of averting them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dušan Mrđenović
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Zhen-Feng Cai
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Yashashwa Pandey
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | - Renato Zenobi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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18
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Makiura R. Creation of metal–organic framework nanosheets by the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) polymers have garnered widespread interest because of their intriguing physicochemical properties. Envisaged applications in fields including nanodevices, solid-state chemistry, physical organic chemistry, and condensed matter physics, however, demand high-quality and large-scale production. In this perspective, we first introduce exotic band structures of organic frameworks holding honeycomb, kagome, and Lieb lattices. We further discuss how mesoscale ordered 2D polymers can be synthesized by means of choosing suitable monomers and optimizing growth conditions. We describe successful polymerization strategies to introducing a non-benzenoid subunit into a π-conjugated carbon lattice via delicately designed monomer precursors. Also, to obviate transfer and restore the intrinsic properties of π-conjugated polymers, new paradigms of aryl-aryl coupling on inert surfaces are discussed. Recent achievements in the photopolymerization demonstrate the need for monomer design. We conclude the potential applications of these organic networks and project the future possibilities in providing new insights into on-surface polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchao Niu
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Xixi Octagon City, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Chenqiang Hua
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Xixi Octagon City, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Xixi Octagon City, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 310023, China
- School of Physics, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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20
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Yuan Z, He G, Li SX, Misra RP, Strano MS, Blankschtein D. Gas Separations using Nanoporous Atomically Thin Membranes: Recent Theoretical, Simulation, and Experimental Advances. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2201472. [PMID: 35389537 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202201472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Porous graphene and other atomically thin 2D materials are regarded as highly promising membrane materials for high-performance gas separations due to their atomic thickness, large-scale synthesizability, excellent mechanical strength, and chemical stability. When these atomically thin materials contain a high areal density of gas-sieving nanoscale pores, they can exhibit both high gas permeances and high selectivities, which is beneficial for reducing the cost of gas-separation processes. Here, recent modeling and experimental advances in nanoporous atomically thin membranes for gas separations is discussed. The major challenges involved, including controlling pore size distributions, scaling up the membrane area, and matching theory with experimental results, are also highlighted. Finally, important future directions are proposed for real gas-separation applications of nanoporous atomically thin membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yuan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Guangwei He
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Sylvia Xin Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Rahul Prasanna Misra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Daniel Blankschtein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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21
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Grossmann L, Ringel E, Rastgoo-Lahrood A, King BT, Rosen J, Heckl WM, Opris D, Björk J, Lackinger M. Steering Self-Assembly of Three-Dimensional Iptycenes on Au(111) by Tuning Molecule-Surface Interactions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201044. [PMID: 35287247 PMCID: PMC9325367 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly of three-dimensional molecules is scarcely studied on surfaces. Their modes of adsorption can exhibit far greater variability compared to (nearly) planar molecules that adsorb mostly flat on surfaces. This additional degree of freedom can have decisive consequences for the expression of intermolecular binding motifs, hence the formation of supramolecular structures. The determining molecule-surface interactions can be widely tuned, thereby providing a new powerful lever for crystal engineering in two dimensions. Here, we study the self-assembly of triptycene derivatives with anthracene blades on Au(111) by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure and Density Functional Theory. The impact of molecule-surface interactions was experimentally tested by comparing pristine with iodine-passivated Au(111) surfaces. Thereby, we observed a fundamental change of the adsorption mode that triggered self-assembly of an entirely different structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Grossmann
- Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538, Munich, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Eva Ringel
- Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538, Munich, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Atena Rastgoo-Lahrood
- Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538, Munich, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Benjamin T King
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557-0216, USA
| | - Johanna Rosen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, IFM, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Wolfgang M Heckl
- Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538, Munich, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Dorina Opris
- Functional Polymers, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Björk
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, IFM, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Markus Lackinger
- Deutsches Museum, Museumsinsel 1, 80538, Munich, Germany.,Department of Physics, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany
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22
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Grossmann L, Ringel E, Rastgoo‐Lahrood A, King BT, Rosen J, Heckl WM, Opris D, Björk J, Lackinger M. Steuerung der Selbstassemblierung von dreidimensionalen Iptycenen auf Au(111) durch Abstimmung der Molekül‐Oberflächen‐Wechselwirkungen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Grossmann
- Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 1 80538 München Deutschland
- Physik Department Technische Universität München James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Deutschland
| | - Eva Ringel
- Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 1 80538 München Deutschland
- Physik Department Technische Universität München James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Deutschland
| | - Atena Rastgoo‐Lahrood
- Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 1 80538 München Deutschland
- Physik Department Technische Universität München James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Deutschland
| | - Benjamin T. King
- Department of Chemistry University of Nevada Reno NV 89557-0216 USA
| | - Johanna Rosen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology Linköping University IFM, 581 83 Linköping Schweden
| | - Wolfgang M. Heckl
- Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 1 80538 München Deutschland
- Physik Department Technische Universität München James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Deutschland
| | - Dorina Opris
- Abteilung Funktionspolymere Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology 8600 Dübendorf Schweiz
| | - Jonas Björk
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology Linköping University IFM, 581 83 Linköping Schweden
| | - Markus Lackinger
- Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 1 80538 München Deutschland
- Physik Department Technische Universität München James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Deutschland
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23
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Wang F, Zhang Z, Shakir I, Yu C, Xu Y. 2D Polymer Nanosheets for Membrane Separation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103814. [PMID: 35084113 PMCID: PMC8922124 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of single-layer graphene in 2004, the family of 2D inorganic nanosheets is considered as ideal membrane materials due to their ultrathin atomic thickness and fascinating physicochemical properties. However, the intrinsically nonporous feature of 2D inorganic nanosheets hinders their potential to achieve a higher flux to some extent. Recently, 2D polymer nanosheets, originated from the regular and periodic covalent connection of the building units in 2D plane, have emerged as promising candidates for preparing ultrafast and highly selective membranes owing to their inherently tunable and ordered pore structure, light weight, and high specific surface. In this review, the synthetic methodologies (including top-down and bottom-up methods) of 2D polymer nanosheets are first introduced, followed by the summary of 2D polymer nanosheets-based membrane fabrication as well as membrane applications in the fields of gas separation, water purification, organic solvent separation, and ion exchange/transport in fuel cells and lithium-sulfur batteries. Finally, based on their current achievements, the authors' personal insights are put forward into the existing challenges and future research directions of 2D polymer nanosheets for membrane separation. The authors believe this comprehensive review on 2D polymer nanosheets-based membrane separation will definitely inspire more studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai201800China
- School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
- School of EngineeringWestlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
- School of EngineeringWestlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
| | - Imran Shakir
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095USA
- Sustainable Energy Technologies CenterCollege of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh11421Saudi Arabia
| | - Chengbing Yu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai201800China
| | - Yuxi Xu
- School of EngineeringWestlake UniversityHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
- School of EngineeringWestlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhouZhejiang Province310024China
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24
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Iwata T, Kawano R, Fukami T, Shindo M. Retro‐Friedel‐Crafts‐Type Acidic Ring‐Opening of Triptycenes: A New Synthetic Approach to Acenes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104160. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Iwata
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Ryusei Kawano
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Takuto Fukami
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
| | - Mitsuru Shindo
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-koen Kasuga 816-8580 Japan
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25
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Self-assembly and photoinduced fabrication of conductive nanographene wires on boron nitride. Nat Commun 2022; 13:442. [PMID: 35064113 PMCID: PMC8782843 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27600-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Manufacturing molecule-based functional elements directly at device interfaces is a frontier in bottom-up materials engineering. A longstanding challenge in the field is the covalent stabilization of pre-assembled molecular architectures to afford nanodevice components. Here, we employ the controlled supramolecular self-assembly of anthracene derivatives on a hexagonal boron nitride sheet, to generate nanographene wires through photo-crosslinking and thermal annealing. Specifically, we demonstrate µm-long nanowires with an average width of 200 nm, electrical conductivities of 106 S m−1 and breakdown current densities of 1011 A m−2. Joint experiments and simulations reveal that hierarchical self-assembly promotes their formation and functional properties. Our approach demonstrates the feasibility of combined bottom-up supramolecular templating and top-down manufacturing protocols for graphene nanomaterials and interconnects, towards integrated carbon nanodevices. The bottom-up fabrication of structures with robust performance in the nm-to-μm scale usable for integrated carbon nanodevices is challenging. Here the authors report micrometer-long, highly conducting nanographene wires following self-assembly, photo-crosslinking and thermal annealing of anthracene derivatives on hexagonal boron nitride sheets.
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Chakrabortty P, Ghosh S, Das A, Khan A, Islam SM. Visible-light-driven sustainable conversion of carbon dioxide to methanol using a metal-free covalent organic framework as a recyclable photocatalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00088a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A 2D covalent organic framework (COF) was synthesized by copolymerization between 4,4′-biphenyldicarbaldehyde and 1,3,5-tris-(4-aminophenyl) triazine (TAPT). This COF exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance for the CO2 reduction to methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pekham Chakrabortty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, W.B., India
| | - Swarbhanu Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, W.B., India
| | - Anjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, W.B., India
| | - Aslam Khan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sk. Manirul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, 741235, W.B., India
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27
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Woźny M, Mames A, Ratajczyk T. Triptycene Derivatives: From Their Synthesis to Their Unique Properties. Molecules 2021; 27:250. [PMID: 35011478 PMCID: PMC8746337 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the first preparation of triptycene, great progress has been made with respect to its synthesis and the understanding of its properties. Interest in triptycene-based systems is intense; in recent years, advances in the synthetic methodology and properties of new triptycenes have been reported by researchers from various fields of science. Here, an account of these new developments is given and placed in reference to earlier pivotal works that underpin the field. First, we discuss new approaches to the synthesis of new triptycenes. Progress in the regioselective synthesis of sterically demanding systems is discussed. The application of triptycenes in catalysis is also presented. Next, progress in the understanding of the relations between triptycene structures and their properties is discussed. The unique properties of triptycenes in the liquid and solid states are elaborated. Unique interactions, which involve triptycene molecular scaffolds, are presented. Molecular interactions within a triptycene unit, as well as between triptycenes or triptycenes and other molecules, are also evaluated. In particular, the summary of the synthesis and useful features will be helpful to researchers who are using triptycenes as building blocks in the chemical and materials sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Woźny
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Mames
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Ratajczyk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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28
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Wang J, Wang K, Xu Y. Emerging Two-Dimensional Covalent and Coordination Polymers for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries: From Liquid to Solid. ACS NANO 2021; 15:19026-19053. [PMID: 34842431 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal anodes (LMAs) have attracted much attention in recent years because of their high theoretical capacity (3860 mAh g-1) and low electrochemical potential (-3.040 V vs standard hydrogen electrode). Lithium metal can be coupled with various cathodes to construct high-energy-density lithium metal batteries (LMBs) which hold great promise for next-generation batteries. However, the unstable solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) and the uncontrollable lithium dendrite growth severely hinder the commercial development of LMAs. The emerging 2D polymers (2DPs), which possess high mechanical flexibility, high specific surface area, abundant surface chemistry, and rich chemical modification characteristics, have shown great advantages in addressing the inherent issues of LMAs. Herein, the current progress of 2DPs for stable and dendrite-free LMAs in liquid- and solid-based batteries is comprehensively reviewed. Some perspectives for the application of 2DPs in LMBs are also discussed. It is believed that the emerging 2DPs will provide insights into developing high-energy-density LMBs and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwei Wang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Northeast Center for Chemical Energy Storage (NECCES), Binghamton University, Binghamton, New York 13902, United States
| | - Kaixi Wang
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Joint Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau SAR 999078, China
| | - Yuxi Xu
- School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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29
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Nishiuchi T, Sotome H, Shimizu K, Miyasaka H, Kubo T. 1,2,3-Tri(9-anthryl)benzene: Photophysical Properties and Solid State Intermolecular Interactions of Radially Arranged, Congested Aromatic π-Planes. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202104245. [PMID: 34910331 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We report the Negishi coupling based synthesis of 1,2,3-tri(9-anthryl)benzene derivatives, containing three radially arranged anthracenes in a π-cluster. In the crystalline state of the unsubstituted derivative, intermolecular π-π and CH-π interactions between the anthracene units drive the formation of a two-dimensional packing structure. Owing to though-space π-conjugation between anthracene units, the substances have unique electronic properties. The excited state dynamic behavior occurring between the three radially arranged anthracene moieties, such as exciton localization/delocalization, was elucidated by means of transient absorption measurements and quantum chemical calculations. Interestingly, even though the three anthracenes are closely oriented with a ca. 3.0 Å distances between their C-9 positions, exciton localization on two anthracene units is energetically favorable because of the flexible nature of the radially arranged aromatic rings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiko Nishiuchi
- Osaka University, Department of Chemistry, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, 560-0043, Osaka, JAPAN
| | - Hikaru Sotome
- Osaka University: Osaka Daigaku, Graduate School of Engineering Science, 1-3 Machikaneyama, 560-8531, Toyonaka, JAPAN
| | - Kazuto Shimizu
- Osaka University School of Science Graduate School of Science: Osaka Daigaku Daigakuin Rigaku Kenkyuka Rigakubu, Chemistry, 1-1 Machikaneyama, 560-0043, Toyonaka, JAPAN
| | - Hiroshi Miyasaka
- Osaka University - Toyonaka Campus: Osaka Daigaku - Toyonaka Campus, Graduate School of Engineering Science, 560-8531, Toyonaka, JAPAN
| | - Takashi Kubo
- Osaka University School of Science Graduate School of Science: Osaka Daigaku Daigakuin Rigaku Kenkyuka Rigakubu, Chemistry, 1-1 Machikaneyama, 560-0043, Toyonaka, JAPAN
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30
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Evans AM, Strauss MJ, Corcos AR, Hirani Z, Ji W, Hamachi LS, Aguilar-Enriquez X, Chavez AD, Smith BJ, Dichtel WR. Two-Dimensional Polymers and Polymerizations. Chem Rev 2021; 122:442-564. [PMID: 34852192 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic chemists have developed robust methods to synthesize discrete molecules, linear and branched polymers, and disordered cross-linked networks. However, two-dimensional polymers (2DPs) prepared from designed monomers have been long missing from these capabilities, both as objects of chemical synthesis and in nature. Recently, new polymerization strategies and characterization methods have enabled the unambiguous realization of covalently linked macromolecular sheets. Here we review 2DPs and 2D polymerization methods. Three predominant 2D polymerization strategies have emerged to date, which produce 2DPs either as monolayers or multilayer assemblies. We discuss the fundamental understanding and scope of each of these approaches, including: the bond-forming reactions used, the synthetic diversity of 2DPs prepared, their multilayer stacking behaviors, nanoscale and mesoscale structures, and macroscale morphologies. Additionally, we describe the analytical tools currently available to characterize 2DPs in their various isolated forms. Finally, we review emergent 2DP properties and the potential applications of planar macromolecules. Throughout, we highlight achievements in 2D polymerization and identify opportunities for continued study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin M Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Michael J Strauss
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Amanda R Corcos
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zoheb Hirani
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Woojung Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Leslie S Hamachi
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, United States
| | - Xavier Aguilar-Enriquez
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Anton D Chavez
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Brian J Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University,1 Dent Drive, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, United States
| | - William R Dichtel
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 1425 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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31
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Zhou WL, Chen Y, Lin W, Liu Y. Luminescent lanthanide-macrocycle supramolecular assembly. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:11443-11456. [PMID: 34647938 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04672a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of macrocyclic compounds, including crown ether, cyclodextrin, cucurbituril and pillararene, bound to various specific organic/inorganic/biological guest molecules and ions through various non-covalent interactions, can not only make a single system multifunctional but also endow the system with intelligence, especially for luminescent materials. Due to their excellent luminescence properties, such as long-lived excited states, sharp linear emission bands and large Stokes shift, lanthanides have shown great advantages in luminescence, and have been more and more applied in the design of advanced functional luminescent materials. Based on reported research, we summarize the progress of lanthanide luminescent materials based on different macrocyclic compounds from ion or molecule recognition to functional nano-supramolecular assembly of the lanthanide-macrocycle supramolecular system including photo-reaction mediated switch of lanthanide luminescent molecules, multicolor luminescence, ion detection and cell imaging of rare-earth up-conversion of macrocyclic supramolecular assembly. Finally, we put forward the prospects of future development of lanthanide luminescent macrocyclic supramolecular materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lei Zhou
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China. .,Nano Innovation Institute (NII), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Wenjing Lin
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
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32
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Lackinger M, Schlüter AD. The Current Understanding of how 2D Polymers Grow Photochemically. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Lackinger
- Technische Universität München Physik Department James-Franck-Str. 1 85748 Garching Germany
- Deutsches Museum Museumsinsel 1 80538 München Germany
| | - A. Dieter Schlüter
- Department of Materials ETH Zürich Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5 8092 Zürich Switzerland
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33
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On-surface photopolymerization of two-dimensional polymers ordered on the mesoscale. Nat Chem 2021; 13:730-736. [PMID: 34083780 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00709-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of solid supports and ultra-high vacuum conditions for the synthesis of two-dimensional polymers is attractive, as it can enable thorough characterization, often with submolecular resolution, and prevent contamination. However, most on-surface polymerizations are thermally activated, which often leads to high defect densities and relatively small domain sizes. Here, we have obtained a porous two-dimensional polymer that is ordered on the mesoscale by the two-staged topochemical photopolymerization of fluorinated anthracene triptycene (fantrip) monomers on alkane-passivated graphite surfaces under ultra-high vacuum. First, the fantrip monomers self-assemble into highly ordered monolayer structures, where all anthracene moieties adopt a suitable arrangement for photopolymerization. Irradiation with violet light then induces complete covalent crosslinking by [4+4] photocycloaddition to form a two-dimensional polymer, while fully preserving the long-range order of the self-assembled structure. The extent of the polymerization is confirmed by local infrared spectroscopy and scanning tunnelling microscopy characterization, in agreement with density functional theory calculations, which also gives mechanistic insights.
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34
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Shao F, Wang W, Yang W, Yang Z, Zhang Y, Lan J, Dieter Schlüter A, Zenobi R. In-situ nanospectroscopic imaging of plasmon-induced two-dimensional [4+4]-cycloaddition polymerization on Au(111). Nat Commun 2021; 12:4557. [PMID: 34315909 PMCID: PMC8316434 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24856-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmon-induced chemical reactions (PICRs) have recently become promising approaches for highly efficient light-chemical energy conversion. However, an in-depth understanding of their mechanisms at the nanoscale still remains challenging. Here, we present an in-situ investigation by tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) imaging of the plasmon-induced [4+4]-cycloaddition polymerization within anthracene-based monomer monolayers physisorbed on Au(111), and complement the experimental results with density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This two-dimensional (2D) polymerization can be flexibly triggered and manipulated by the hot carriers, and be monitored simultaneously by TERS in real time and space. TERS imaging provides direct evidence for covalent bond formation with ca. 3.7 nm spatial resolution under ambient conditions. Combined with DFT calculations, the TERS results demonstrate that the lateral polymerization on Au(111) occurs by a hot electron tunneling mechanism, and crosslinks form via a self-stimulating growth mechanism. We show that TERS is promising to be plasmon-induced nanolithography for organic 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Chang-Kung Chuang Institute, East China Normal University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weimin Yang
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilin Yang
- Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Semiconductors and Efficient Devices, Jiujiang Research Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinggang Lan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - A Dieter Schlüter
- Department of Materials, Polymer Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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35
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Iwata T, Kumagai S, Yoshinaga T, Hanada M, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K, Shindo M. Quadruple Role of Pd Catalyst in Domino Reaction Involving Aryl to Alkyl 1,5-Pd Migration to Access 1,9-Bridged Triptycenes. Chemistry 2021; 27:11548-11553. [PMID: 34125459 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A Pd-catalyzed domino reaction of 1,8,13-tribromo-9-methoxytriptycenes is reported. Under conventional Suzuki coupling conditions, the triptycenes underwent multiple transformations to give 1,9-bridged triptycenes. Based on mechanistic investigations, a single Pd catalyst functions as Pd0 , PdII and PdIV species to catalyze four distinct processes: (1) aryl to alkyl 1,5-Pd migration, (2) intramolecular arylation, (3) homocoupling of phenylboronic acid and (4) Suzuki coupling. DFT calculations revealed that 1,5-Pd migration likely proceeds via both concerted PdII and stepwise PdIV routes. Asymmetric synthesis of the chiral triptycenes, as well as optical resolution, and further transformation are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Iwata
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Satoru Kumagai
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Yoshinaga
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Masato Hanada
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Shindo
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-koen, Kasuga, 816-8580, Japan
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36
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Khan SB, Lee SL. Supramolecular Chemistry: Host-Guest Molecular Complexes. Molecules 2021; 26:3995. [PMID: 34208882 PMCID: PMC8271753 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26133995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent times, researchers have emphasized practical approaches for capturing coordinated and selective guest entrap. The physisorbed nanoporous supramolecular complexes have been widely used to restrain various guest species on compact supporting surfaces. The host-guest (HG) interactions in two-dimensional (2D) permeable porous linkages are growing expeditiously due to their future applications in biocatalysis, separation technology, or nanoscale patterning. The different crystal-like nanoporous network has been acquired to enclose and trap guest molecules of various dimensions and contours. The host centers have been lumped together via noncovalent interactions (such as hydrogen bonds, van der Waals (vdW) interactions, or coordinate bonds). In this review article, we enlighten and elucidate recent progress in HG chemistry, explored via scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We summarize the synthesis, design, and characterization of typical HG structural design examined on various substrates, under ambient surroundings at the liquid-solid (LS) interface, or during ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). We emphasize isoreticular complexes, vibrant HG coordination, or hosts functional cavities responsive to the applied stimulus. Finally, we critically discuss the significant challenges in advancing this developing electrochemical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Bashir Khan
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shern-Long Lee
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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37
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Chen R, Wang D, Hao W, Shao F, Zhao Y. Tessellation strategy for the interfacial synthesis of an anthracene-based 2D polymer via [4+4]-photocycloaddition. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5794-5797. [PMID: 33998616 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02179f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the tessellation or tiling process in daily life, a rigid triangular macrocyclic molecule containing anthracene as a photo-active moiety was synthesized to realize pre-organization through π-π interactions. The successful preparation of a 2D polymer monolayer at the air/water interface was achieved through [4+4]-photocycloaddition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renzeng Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Danbo Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Wenbo Hao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Feng Shao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
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38
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Zhang G, Zeng Y, Gordiichuk P, Strano MS. Chemical kinetic mechanisms and scaling of two-dimensional polymers via irreversible solution-phase reactions. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:194901. [PMID: 34240902 DOI: 10.1063/5.0044050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) polymers are extended networks of multi-functional repeating units that are covalently linked together but confined to a single plane. The past decade has witnessed a surge in interest and effort toward producing and utilizing 2D polymers. However, facile synthesis schemes suitable for mass production are yet to be realized. In addition, unifying theories to describe the 2D polymerization process, such as those for linear polymers, have not yet been established. Herein, we perform a chemical kinetic simulation to study the recent synthesis of 2D polymers in homogeneous solution with irreversible chemistry. We show that reaction sites for polymerization in 2D always scale unfavorably compared to 3D, growing as molecular weight to the 1/2 power vs 2/3 power for 3D. However, certain mechanisms can effectively suppress out-of-plane defect formation and subsequent 3D growth. We consider two such mechanisms, which we call bond-planarity and templated autocatalysis. In the first, although single bonds can easily rotate out-of-plane to render polymerization in 3D, some double-bond linkages prefer a planar configuration. In the second mechanism, stacked 2D plates may act as van der Waals templates for each other to enhance growth, which leads to an autocatalysis. When linkage reactions possess a 1000:1 selectivity (γ) for staying in plane vs rotating, solution-synthesized 2D polymers can have comparable size and yield with those synthesized from confined polymerization on a surface. Autocatalysis could achieve similar effects when self-templating accelerates 2D growth by a factor β of 106. A combined strategy relaxes the requirement of both mechanisms by over one order of magnitude. We map the dependence of molecular weight and yield for the 2D polymer on the reaction parameters, allowing experimental results to be used to estimate β and γ. Our calculations show for the first time from theory the feasibility of producing two-dimensional polymers from irreversible polymerization in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Yuwen Zeng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Pavlo Gordiichuk
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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39
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Hu F, Hao W, Mücke D, Pan Q, Li Z, Qi H, Zhao Y. Highly Efficient Preparation of Single-Layer Two-Dimensional Polymer Obtained from Single-Crystal to Single-Crystal Synthesis. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5636-5642. [PMID: 33848155 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c00907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A two-dimensional polymer (2DP) single crystal (T-2DP) with submillimeter size was synthesized by single-crystal to single-crystal transformation based on photochemical [2 + 2]-cycloaddition. A successful conversion from monomer to polymer was achieved in the single-crystal state. The structure information with an atomic resolution of both the monomer and 2DP was given through single-crystal X-ray diffraction. By simply treated with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) under mild conditions, an unprecedented efficiency of exfoliation was achieved. The triazine core in T-2DP could be protonated by TFA, which resulted in a solution-like sample with >60% of monolayers. The size of the exfoliated monolayer reaches to several hundreds of μm2. This is another precious example of 2DP single crystal with nearly perfect structure and large enough size. The successful preparation of the highly desirable 2DP "solution" for a long time containing large sized and large amount of 2DP monolayers may open up new prospects for the basic properties study and the applications of 2DPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Hu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Wenbo Hao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - David Mücke
- Central Facility of Electron Microscopy, Electron Microscopy Group of Materials Science, Universität Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Qingyan Pan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zhibo Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Haoyuan Qi
- Central Facility of Electron Microscopy, Electron Microscopy Group of Materials Science, Universität Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed) & Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
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Han M, Liu Y, Qian DJ, Lee YI, Liu HG. Large-Area Assembly of Metal-Organic Layered Ultrathin Films at the Liquid/Liquid Interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:4515-4522. [PMID: 33821646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional functional metal-organic frameworks and coordination polymers have attracted much attention and have been successfully prepared in solutions and at interfaces through the coordination of ligands to metal ions. However, the preparation of large-area ultrathin ordered films is still a challenge. Here, a modified liquid/liquid interfacial epitaxial growth method has been developed. A planar liquid/liquid interface between a chloroform solution of bipyridine derivatives and pure water was constructed first, and then an aqueous solution of Eu3+ or Cu2+ ions was added dropwise into the water phase. A layered ultrathin film with the size of several hundreds of square micrometers appeared at the liquid/liquid interface after a certain time. The monitoring results showed that the formation of ultrathin films was a result of continuous epitaxial growth of the adsorbed species due to the synergistic effects of hydrophobic effects of the alkyl chains, coordination bonds between the ligands and metal ions, π-π interactions between the ligands, and the restriction of the interface on the vertical growth. This offers a way to fabricate more large-area thin films of amphiphilic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Han
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Jin Qian
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Ill Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 641-773, Korea
| | - Hong-Guo Liu
- Key Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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Cong H. Design and Synthesis of Paraphenylene-derived Figure-of-eight Rigid Macrocycles. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Cong
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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Sun Q, Pan Q, Ban Y, Liu H, Fan C, Sun L, Zhao Y. Donor-Acceptor Interactions Induced Interfacial Synthesis of an Ultrathin Fluoric 2D Polymer by Photochemical [2+2] Cycloaddition. Chemistry 2021; 27:3661-3664. [PMID: 33264450 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional polymers (2DPs) have attracted much interest due to their unique 2D atomic-thick covalent network with periodically linked monomers. The preparation of mono- or few-layered 2DPs with highly ordered structures is still a big challenge. Herein, we report a preparation of ultrathin 2DP film based on photo-triggered [2+2] cycloaddition at the air/water interface. The pre-assembly process induced by the D-A interactions before the polymerization plays a key role in constructing the highly ordered structure. The precise structure and chemical compositions of the continuous 2DP films were proved by selected area electron diffraction (SAED), Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS) and molecular-mechanics-based structural simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhu Sun
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Polymer and Molding Technology, Ministry of Education, College of, Polymer and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Qingyan Pan
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Polymer and Molding Technology, Ministry of Education, College of, Polymer and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yanqi Ban
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Polymer and Molding Technology, Ministry of Education, College of, Polymer and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Polymer and Molding Technology, Ministry of Education, College of, Polymer and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Fan
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Polymer and Molding Technology, Ministry of Education, College of, Polymer and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Lishui Sun
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Polymer and Molding Technology, Ministry of Education, College of, Polymer and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of High Performance Polymer and Molding Technology, Ministry of Education, College of, Polymer and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
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Kasbe PS, Luo X, Xu W. Interface engineering and integration of two-dimensional polymeric and inorganic materials for advanced hybrid structures. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04022g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress and future directions in the creation of hybrid structures based on 2D polymers and inorganic 2D materials are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik S. Kasbe
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Xiongyu Luo
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Weinan Xu
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
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Ito M, Yamashita Y, Tsuneda Y, Mori T, Takeya J, Watanabe S, Ariga K. 100 °C-Langmuir-Blodgett Method for Fabricating Highly Oriented, Ultrathin Films of Polymeric Semiconductors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:56522-56529. [PMID: 33264001 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) and Langmuir-Schaefer techniques facilitate thermodynamic favorability at an air-water interface, at which nanoscale molecular aggregations can be manipulated by micrometer- or millimeter-scale mechanics. The customary use of an aqueous subphase has limitations in the available temperature and spread materials. We present a general strategy to replace the aqueous subphase with an inert, low-vapor-pressure liquid, ethylene glycol. As a representative spread material that requires high-temperature processes, a semicrystalline polymeric semiconductor was investigated. We successfully demonstrated that the polymeric semiconductor spreads homogeneously across the entire surface of ethylene glycol heated to 100 °C using an LB trough, and spontaneously forms multilayers. Comprehensive studies such as X-ray diffraction, optical spectroscopy, and charge transport measurements revealed that barrier compression of solid-state polymer thin films during a high-temperature LB process produced uniaxial alignment of the polymer main chain with an averaged dichroic ratio of about 8, by which the electron transport concomitantly became highly anisotropic. The LB method presented in this work could be used to deposit thin films under ultimate environments, e.g., below 0 °C or above 100 °C, minimizing the effects of the vapor pressure of the subphase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Ito
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC), University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Yu Yamashita
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC), University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- International Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yukina Tsuneda
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC), University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Taizo Mori
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- International Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC), University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- International Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
- AIST-Utokyo Advanced Operando-Measurement Technology Open Innovation Laboratory (OPERANDO-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Shun Watanabe
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC), University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- AIST-Utokyo Advanced Operando-Measurement Technology Open Innovation Laboratory (OPERANDO-OIL), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- International Centre for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
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Kim T, Park JY, Hwang J, Seo G, Kim Y. Supramolecular Two-Dimensional Systems and Their Biological Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002405. [PMID: 32989841 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Various biological systems rely on the supramolecular assembly of biomolecules through noncovalent bonds for performing sophisticated functions. In particular, cell membranes, which are 2D structures in biological systems, have various characteristics such as a large surface, flexibility, and molecule-recognition ability. Supramolecular 2D materials based on biological systems provide a novel perspective for the development of functional 2D materials. The physical and chemical properties of 2D structures, attributed to their large surface area, can enhance the sensitivity of the detection of target molecules, molecular loading, and bioconjugation efficiency, suggesting the potential utility of functional 2D materials as candidates for biological systems. Although several types of studies on supramolecular 2D materials have been reported, supramolecular biofunctional 2D materials have not been reviewed previously. In this regard, the current advances in 2D material development using molecular assembly are discussed with respect to the rational design of self-assembling aromatic amphiphiles, the formation of 2D structures, and the biological applications of functional 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeyeon Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Park
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Hwang
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gunhee Seo
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongju Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
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