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Cao Y, Scholte A, Prehm M, Anders C, Chen C, Song J, Zhang L, He G, Tschierske C, Liu F. Understanding the Role of Trapezoids in Honeycomb Self-Assembly-Pathways between a Columnar Liquid Quasicrystal and its Liquid-Crystalline Approximants. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314454. [PMID: 38009676 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Quasiperiodic patterns and crystals-having long range order without translational symmetry-have fascinated researchers since their discovery. In this study, we report on new p-terphenyl-based T-shaped facial polyphiles with two alkyl end chains and a glycerol-based hydrogen-bonded side group that self-assemble into an aperiodic columnar liquid quasicrystal with 12-fold symmetry and its periodic liquid-crystalline approximants with complex superstructures. All represent honeycombs formed by the self-assembly of the p-terphenyls, dividing space into prismatic cells with polygonal cross-sections. In the perspective of tiling patterns, the presence of unique trapezoidal tiles, consisting of three rigid sides formed by the p-terphenyls and one shorter, incommensurate, and adjustable side by the alkyl end chains, plays a crucial role for these phases. A delicate temperature-dependent balance between conformational, entropic and space-filling effects determines the role of the alkyl chains, either as network nodes or trapezoid walls, thus resulting in the order-disorder transitions associated with emergence of quasiperiodicity. In-depth analysis suggests a change from a quasiperiodic tiling involving trapezoids to a modified one with a contribution of trapezoid pair fusion. This work paves the way for understanding quasiperiodicity emergence and develops fundamental concepts for its generation by chemical design of non-spherical molecules, aggregates, and frameworks based on dynamic reticular chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Cao
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Alexander Scholte
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Str. 2, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Marko Prehm
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Str. 2, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Christian Anders
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Str. 2, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Changlong Chen
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Jiangxuan Song
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Gang He
- Frontier Institute for Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Carsten Tschierske
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt Mothes Str. 2, 06120, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Feng Liu
- Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
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Zeng X, Glettner B, Baumeister U, Chen B, Ungar G, Liu F, Tschierske C. A columnar liquid quasicrystal with a honeycomb structure that consists of triangular, square and trapezoidal cells. Nat Chem 2023; 15:625-632. [PMID: 36959511 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-023-01166-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Quasicrystals are intriguing structures that have long-range positional correlations but no periodicity in real space, and typically with rotational symmetries that are 'forbidden' in conventional periodic crystals. Here, we present a two-dimensional columnar liquid quasicrystal with dodecagonal symmetry. Unlike previous dodecagonal quasicrystals based on random tiling, a honeycomb structure based on a strictly quasiperiodic tessellation of tiles is observed. The structure consists of dodecagonal clusters made up of triangular, square and trapezoidal cells that are optimal for local packing. To maximize the presence of such dodecagonal clusters, the system abandons periodicity but adopts a quasiperiodic structure that follows strict packing rules. The stability of random-tiling dodecagonal quasicrystals is often attributed to the entropy of disordering when strict tiling rules are broken, at the sacrifice of the long-range positional order. However, our results demonstrate that quasicrystal stability may rest on energy minimization alone, or with only minimal entropic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbing Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sheffield University, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Benjamin Glettner
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Ute Baumeister
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Bin Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Goran Ungar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sheffield University, Sheffield, UK
- Shaanxi International Research Centre for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Shaanxi International Research Centre for Soft Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Carsten Tschierske
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany
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3
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Scholte A, Hauche S, Wagner M, Prehm M, Poppe S, Chen C, Liu F, Zeng X, Ungar G, Tschierske C. A self-assembled liquid crystal honeycomb of highly stretched (3-1-1)-hexagons. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 56:62-65. [PMID: 31799978 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc08502e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new liquid crystalline honeycomb phase is reported, containing highly stretched giant hexagonal cells with two opposing walls spanned by three consecutive end-to-end H-bonded rods, the (3-1-1) hexagons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Scholte
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Hauche
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Matthias Wagner
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Marko Prehm
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Silvio Poppe
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120 Halle, Germany.
| | - Changlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
| | - Xiangbing Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Goran Ungar
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Shaanxi International Research Center for Soft Matter, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Carsten Tschierske
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Straße 2, 06120 Halle, Germany.
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Gordon R, Stober ST, Abrams CF. Counterion Effects on Aggregate Structure of 12-Hydroxystearate Salts in Hexane: A Quantum Mechanical and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:534-541. [PMID: 30571113 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b08477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Salts of 12-hydroxystearate are important organogelators and grease thickeners, but a structural rationale for their rheological properties remains elusive. We use quantum mechanical calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to analyze aggregate structures for (1) ( R)-12-hydroxystearic acid (( R)-12HSA), (2) lithium ( R)-12-hydroxystearate (( R)-Li12HS), and (3) sodium ( R)-12-hydroxystearate (( R)-Na12HS). First, quantum mechanical calculations were used to establish the structure and complexation energies of dimers of acetic acid, lithium acetate, and sodium acetate. The expected acetic acid dimer is predicted, and both the lithium acetate and sodium acetate dimer formed a C2 h-symmetric structure. All dimers were sufficiently stable to allow modeling them as pseudocovalent complexes in all-atom, explicit solvent MD. After microsecond-long MD, all systems produced strong ringlike ordered nuclei. The C2 h lithium salt molecules produced aggregates that had the most efficient packing at the head group and a higher frequency of hydroxyl hydrogen bonding compared to the sodium salt. This ordering propensity explains the high melting temperature of ( R)-Li12HS. Also, the higher frequency of hydrogen bonding leads to fewer solvent-exposed hydrogen bond partners. This explains why lithium is a common counterion in high-temperature and water-resistant greases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Gordon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Spencer T Stober
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering , Annandale , New Jersey 08801 , United States
| | - Cameron F Abrams
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering , Drexel University , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
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Gordon R, Stober ST, Abrams CF. Effects of Optical Purity and Finite System Size on Self-Assembly of 12-Hydroxystearic Acid in Hexane: Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:9223-9233. [PMID: 28876930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b05246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
12-Hydroxystearic acid (12HSA) and its derivatives are well-known organogelators, and they play critical roles in a variety of applications. The overall aggregate structure of 12HSA is sensitive to the chirality at the 12th carbon, but a fundamental understanding of this dependence is lacking. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted on microsecond long time scales for (1) (R)-12HSA, (2) (S)-12HSA, and (3) a 50/50 racemic mixture, each solvated at 12.5 wt % in explicit hexane. Self-assembly was accelerated by turning off alkyl chain dihedral gauche states and forcing the molecules to adopt an all-trans conformation. The stability of the resulting aggregates was tested by quenching them with access to gauche states restored. Ordered aggregates produced from optically pure (R)- and (S)-12HSA remained stable for at least 1 μs. The characteristic ordered structure observed is termed a "ring-of-rings" motif, and it contains two twisted six-membered ringlike bundles connected through acetic acid dimerization and surrounded by six satellite bundles. The chirality at the 12th carbon dictates the overall twist of the rings and thereby the handedness of the aggregates. Racemic mixtures did not produce stable ordered aggregates likely due to insufficient enantiomerically pure ring formation. The most prevalent finite-size effect observed was the stochastic formation of percolating aggregates, which were later avoided by using solvent-permeable, solute-impermeable, confining walls. The resulting ordered aggregates were in all important ways identical to those produced in unconfined systems. The combination of cycling off and on gauche states and the semipermeable walls may be an important new way to study the self-assembly underlying aggregation at industrially relevant concentrations of surfactants in organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Gordon
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Spencer T Stober
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering , Annandale, New Jersey 08801, United States
| | - Cameron F Abrams
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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6
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Gordon R, Stober ST, Abrams CF. Aggregation of 12-Hydroxystearic Acid and Its Lithium Salt in Hexane: Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2016; 120:7164-73. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6b04193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Gordon
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Spencer T. Stober
- ExxonMobil Research
and Engineering, Annandale, New Jersey 08801, United States
| | - Cameron F. Abrams
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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7
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Liu C, Yan B. Zeolite-type metal organic frameworks immobilized Eu3+ for cation sensing in aqueous environment. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 459:206-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Columnar Liquid Crystalline Self-Assembly of Hydrogen-Bonded Rod-Coil Diblock Complexes Created from Pyrazole/Benzoic acid Derivatives. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Wöhrle T, Wurzbach I, Kirres J, Kostidou A, Kapernaum N, Litterscheidt J, Haenle JC, Staffeld P, Baro A, Giesselmann F, Laschat S. Discotic Liquid Crystals. Chem Rev 2015; 116:1139-241. [PMID: 26483267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 417] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wöhrle
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Wurzbach
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jochen Kirres
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Antonia Kostidou
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nadia Kapernaum
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Juri Litterscheidt
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johannes Christian Haenle
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter Staffeld
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Angelika Baro
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Giesselmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sabine Laschat
- Institut für Organische Chemie, and ‡Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Kim HJ, Kim Y, Cho S, Lee M. Self-Assembly of a Tripod Aromatic Rod into Stacked Planar Networks. Chemistry 2015; 21:11836-42. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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11
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Sandhu S, Kumar R, Singh P, Mahajan A, Kaur M, Kumar S. Ultratrace Detection of Nitroaromatics: Picric Acid Responsive Aggregation/Disaggregation of Self-Assembled p-Terphenylbenzimidazolium-Based Molecular Baskets. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:10491-500. [PMID: 25915852 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
1-(p-Terphenyl)-benzimidazolium (TRIPOD-TP) molecules undergo self-assembly to form rodlike structures in aqueous medium, as shown by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering studies. Upon gradual addition of picric acid (PA), these aggregates undergo an aggregation/disaggregation process to complex morphological structures (10(-12)-10(-10) M PA) and spherical aggregates (10(-9)-10(-8) M PA). These spherical aggregates undergo further dissolution to well-dispersed spheres between 10(-7)-10(-6) M PA. During fluorescence studies, these aggregates demonstrate superamplified fluorescence quenching (>97%) in the presence of 10(-5) to 0.2 equiv of the probe concentration, an unprecedented process with PA. The lowest detection limits by solution of TRIPOD-TP are 5 × 10(-13) PA, 50 × 10(-12) M 2,4-dinitrophenol, 200 × 10(-12) M 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, and 1 nM 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Paper strips dipped in the solution of TRIPOD-TP demonstrate quantitative fluorescence quenching between 10(-17) and 10(-6) M PA using front-surface steady state studies and can measure as low as 2.29 × 10(-20) g/cm(2) PA.
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12
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Liu C, Yan B. Luminescent zinc metal–organic framework (ZIF-90) for sensing metal ions, anions and small molecules. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2015; 14:1644-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c5pp00107b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We synthesize ZIF-90, which exhibits an intense blue luminescence excited under visible light. Luminescent studies indicate that ZIF-90 could be an efficient multifunctional fluorescence material for sensing metal cations, anions and organic small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 200092
- China
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Chemistry
- Tongji University
- Shanghai 200092
- China
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13
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Tschierske C. Entwicklung struktureller Komplexität durch Selbstorganisation in flüssigkristallinen Systemen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201300872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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Tschierske C. Development of structural complexity by liquid-crystal self-assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:8828-78. [PMID: 23934786 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201300872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the liquid-crystalline state of matter 125 years ago, this field has developed into a scientific area with many facets. This Review presents recent developments in the molecular design and self-assembly of liquid crystals. The focus is on new exciting soft-matter structures distinct from the usually observed nematic, smectic, and columnar phases. These new structures have enhanced complexity, including multicompartment and cellular structures, periodic and quasiperiodic arrays of spheres, and new emergent properties, such as ferroelctricity and spontaneous achiral symmetry-breaking. Comparisons are made with developments in related fields, such as self-assembled monolayers, multiblock copolymers, and nanoparticle arrays. Measures of structural complexity used herein are the size of the lattice, the number of distinct compartments, the dimensionality, and the logic depth of the resulting supramolecular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Tschierske
- Institut für Chemie, Organische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle Saale, Germany.
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15
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Tschierske C. Microsegregation: From Basic Concepts to Complexity in Liquid Crystal Self-Assembly. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201200053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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16
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Jing S, Zhang R, Dai H, Du C, Cheng X. Synthesis and Mesophase Behavior of Phenylthiophene Based Amphiphilic Molecules. CHINESE J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201280021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Teng MJ, Jia XR, Yang S, Chen XF, Wei Y. Reversible tuning luminescent color and emission intensity: a dipeptide-based light-emitting material. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:1255-61. [PMID: 22298129 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201104592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A smart luminescent material whose emission color and emission intensity can be separately modulated by external force is demonstrated. The rational manipulation of rich noncovalent interactions and fluorophore packing style promotes an in-depth understanding between supramolecular structure and photophysical property and offers an effective strategy to modulate the light-emitting property in a predicative way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Teng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
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18
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Tschierske C, Nürnberger C, Ebert H, Glettner B, Prehm M, Liu F, Zeng XB, Ungar G. Complex tiling patterns in liquid crystals. Interface Focus 2011; 2:669-80. [PMID: 24098852 DOI: 10.1098/rsfs.2011.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this account recent progress in enhancing the complexity of liquid crystal self-assembly is highlighted. The discussed superstructures are formed mainly by polyphilic T-shaped and X-shaped molecules composed of a rod-like core, tethered with glycerol units at both ends and flexible non-polar chain(s) in lateral position, but also related inverted molecular structures are considered. A series of honeycomb phases composed of polygonal cylinders ranging from triangular to hexagonal, followed by giant cylinder honeycombs is observed for ternary T-shaped polyphiles on increasing the size of the lateral chain(s). Increasing the chain size further leads to new modes of lamellar organization followed by three-dimensional and two-dimensional structures incorporating branched and non-branched axial rod-bundles. Grafting incompatible chains to opposite sides of the rod-like core leads to quaternary X-shaped polyphiles. These form liquid crystalline honeycombs where different cells are filled with different material. Projected on an Euclidian plane, all honeycomb phases can be described either by uniformly coloured Archimedean and Laves tiling patterns (T-shaped polyphiles) or as multi-colour tiling patterns (X-shaped polyphiles). It is shown that geometric frustration, combined with the tendency to segregate incompatible chains into different compartments and the need to find a periodic tiling pattern, leads to a significant increase in the complexity of soft self-assembly. Mixing of different chains greatly enhances the number of possible 'colours' and in this way, periodic structures comprising up to seven distinct compartments can be generated. Relations to biological self-assembly are discussed shortly.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tschierske
- Institute of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry , Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Kurt-Mothes Strasse 2, 06120 Halle/Saale , Germany
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20
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Zhong KL, Wang Q, Chen T, Huang Z, Yin B, Jin LY. Self-assembly of rod-coil molecules into lateral chain-length-dependent supramolecular organization. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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21
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Yin J, Zhou Y, Lei T, Pei J. A Butterfly-Shaped Amphiphilic Molecule: Solution-Transferable and Free-Standing Bilayer Films for Organic Transistors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:6320-3. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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Yin J, Zhou Y, Lei T, Pei J. A Butterfly-Shaped Amphiphilic Molecule: Solution-Transferable and Free-Standing Bilayer Films for Organic Transistors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Cheng X, Liu F, Zeng X, Ungar G, Kain J, Diele S, Prehm M, Tschierske C. Influence of Flexible Spacers on Liquid-Crystalline Self-Assembly of T-Shaped Bolaamphiphiles. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:7872-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ja200822z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources (Ministry of Education), Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S13JD, U.K
| | - Xiangbing Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S13JD, U.K
| | - Goran Ungar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S13JD, U.K
- WCU program Chemical Convergence for Energy and Environment, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Prehm M, Liu F, Zeng X, Ungar G, Tschierske C. Axial-Bundle Phases − New Modes of 2D, 3D, and Helical Columnar Self-Assembly in Liquid Crystalline Phases of Bolaamphiphiles with Swallow Tail Lateral Chains. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:4906-16. [DOI: 10.1021/ja110065r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marko Prehm
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S13JD, United Kingdom
| | - Xiangbing Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S13JD, United Kingdom
| | - Goran Ungar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, Sheffield S13JD, United Kingdom
- WCU Program Chemical Convergence for Energy & Environment, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Carsten Tschierske
- Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, D-06120 Halle, Germany
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