1
|
Budiman YP, Putra MH, Ramadhan MR, Hannifah R, Luz C, Ghafara IZ, Rustaman R, Ernawati EE, Mayanti T, Groß A, Radius U, Marder TB. Pd-Catalyzed Oxidative C-H Arylation of (Poly)fluoroarenes with Aryl Pinacol Boronates and Experimental and Theoretical Studies of its Reaction Mechanism. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400094. [PMID: 38412058 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
We report the synergistic combination of Pd(OAc)2 and Ag2O for the oxidative C-H arylation of (poly)fluoroarenes with aryl pinacol boronates (Ar-Bpin) in DMF as the solvent. This procedure can be conducted easily in air, and without using additional ligands, to afford the fluorinated unsymmetrical biaryl products in up to 98 % yield. Experimental studies suggest that the formation of [PdL2(C6F5)2] in DMF as coordinating solvent does not take place under the reaction conditions as it is stable to reductive elimination and thus would deactivate the catalyst. Thus, the intermediate [Pd(DMF)2(ArF)(Ar)] must be formed selectively to give desired arylation products. DFT calculations predict a low barrier (5.87 kcal/mol) for the concerted metalation deprotonation (CMD) process between C6F5H and the Pd(II) species formed after transmetalation between the Pd(II)X2 complex and aryl-Bpin which forms a Pd-Arrich species. Thus a Pd(Arrich)(Arpoor) complex is generated selectively which undergoes reductive elimination to generate the unsymmetrical biaryl product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudha P Budiman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | | | - Muhammad R Ramadhan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Raiza Hannifah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Christian Luz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ilham Z Ghafara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Rustaman Rustaman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Engela E Ernawati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Tri Mayanti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Axel Groß
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Electrochemical Energy Storage, 89069, Ulm, Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Marcos-Ayuso G, Peñas-Defrutos MN, Gallego AM, García-Melchor M, Martínez-Ilarduya JM, Espinet P. Problematic Ar F-Alkynyl Coupling with Fluorinated Aryls. From Partial Success with Alkynyl Stannanes to Efficient Solutions via Mechanistic Understanding of the Hidden Complexity. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:527-536. [PMID: 36542758 PMCID: PMC9837839 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of aryl-alkynyl compounds is usually achieved via Sonogashira catalysis, but this is inefficient for fluorinated aryls. An alternative method reported by Shirakawa and Hiyama, using alkynylstannanes and hemilabile PN ligands, works apparently fine for conventional aryls, but it is also poor for fluorinated aryls. The revision of the unusual literature cycle reveals the existence and nature of unreported byproducts and uncovers coexisting cycles and other aspects that explain the reasons for the conflict. This knowledge provides a full understanding of the real complexity of these aryl/alkynylstannane systems and the deviations of their evolution from that of a classic Stille process, providing the clues to design several very efficient alternatives for the catalytic synthesis of the desired ArF-alkynyl compounds in almost quantitative yield. The same protocols are also very efficient for the catalytic synthesis of alkynyl-alkynyl' hetero- and homocoupling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Marcos-Ayuso
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid E-47071, Spain
| | - Marconi N Peñas-Defrutos
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid E-47071, Spain.,School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Ana M Gallego
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid E-47071, Spain
| | - Max García-Melchor
- School of Chemistry, CRANN and AMBER Research Centres, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Jesús M Martínez-Ilarduya
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid E-47071, Spain
| | - Pablo Espinet
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid E-47071, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Warioba CS, Jackson LG, Neal MA, Haines BE. Computational Study on the Role of Zn(II) Z-Type Ligands in Facilitating Diaryl Reductive Elimination from Pt(II). Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chisondi S. Warioba
- Department of Chemistry, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, California 93108, United States
| | - Logan G. Jackson
- Department of Chemistry, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, California 93108, United States
| | - Marliss A. Neal
- Department of Chemistry, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, California 93108, United States
| | - Brandon E. Haines
- Department of Chemistry, Westmont College, Santa Barbara, California 93108, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yu. Kostyukovich A, Gordeev EG, Ananikov VP. A computational mapping of the R–NHC coupling pathway – the key process in the evolution of Pd/NHC catalytic systems. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
|
5
|
Jackman KMK, Liang G, Boyle PD, Zimmerman PM, Blacquiere JM. Changes in ligand coordination mode induce bimetallic C-C coupling pathways. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3977-3991. [PMID: 35174382 PMCID: PMC8937615 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00322h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-carbon coupling is one of the most powerful tools in the organic synthesis arsenal. Known methodologies primarily exploit monometallic Pd0/PdII catalytic mechanisms to give new C-C bonds. Bimetallic C-C coupling mechanisms that involve a PdI/PdII redox cycle, remain underexplored. Thus, a detailed mechnaistic understanding is imperative for the development of new bimetallic catalysts. Previously, a PdII-Me dimer (1) supported by L1, which has phosphine and 1-azaallyl donor groups, underwent reductive elimination to give ethane, a PdI dimer, a PdII monometallic complex, and Pd black. Herein, a comprehensive experimental and computational study of the reactivity of 1 is presented, which reveals that the versatile coordination chemistry of L1 promotes bimetallic C-C bond formation. The phosphine 1-azaallyl ligand adopts various bridging modes to maintain the bimetallic structure throughout the C-C bond forming mechanism, which involves intramolecular methyl transfer and 1,1-reductive elimination from one of the palladium atoms. The minor byproduct, methane, likely forms through a monometallic intermediate that is sensitive to solvent C-H activation. Overall, the capacity of L1 to adopt different coordination modes promotes the bimetallic C-C coupling channel through pathways that are unattainable with statically-coordinated ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M K Jackman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, N6A 5B7.
| | - Guangchao Liang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | - Paul D Boyle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, N6A 5B7.
| | - Paul M Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | - Johanna M Blacquiere
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada, N6A 5B7.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Trzepizur D, Brodzka A, Koszelewski D, Wilk M, Ostaszewski R. Selective Palladium‐Catalyzed α,β‐Homodiarylation of Vinyl Esters in Aqueous Medium. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damian Trzepizur
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Anna Brodzka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Dominik Koszelewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Monika Wilk
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Ryszard Ostaszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
The direct C(sp2)-H functionalization and coupling of aromatic N-heterocycles with (hetero)aryl bromides by [PdX2(imidazolidin-2-ylidene)(Py)] catalysts. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
8
|
D'Alterio MC, Casals-Cruañas È, Tzouras NV, Talarico G, Nolan SP, Poater A. Mechanistic Aspects of the Palladium-Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction. Chemistry 2021; 27:13481-13493. [PMID: 34269488 PMCID: PMC8518397 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The story of C-C bond formation includes several reactions, and surely Suzuki-Miyaura is among the most outstanding ones. Herein, a brief historical overview of insights regarding the reaction mechanism is provided. In particular, the formation of the catalytically active species is probably the main concern, thus the preactivation is in competition with, or even assumes the role of the rate determining step (rds) of the overall reaction. Computational chemistry is key in identifying the rds and thus leading to milder conditions on an experimental level by means of predictive catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Massimo C D'Alterio
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli, Federico II Via Cintia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Èric Casals-Cruañas
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nikolaos V Tzouras
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Building S3, Krijgslaan 281, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Giovanni Talarico
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli, Federico II Via Cintia, I-80126, Napoli, Italy
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Building S3, Krijgslaan 281, 9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Photophysical Properties and Kinetic Studies of 2-Vinylpyridine-Based Cycloplatinated(II) Complexes Containing Various Phosphine Ligands. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26072034. [PMID: 33918450 PMCID: PMC8038257 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of cycloplatinated(II) complexes with general formula of [PtMe(Vpy)(PR3)], Vpy = 2-vinylpyridine and PR3 = PPh3 (1a); PPh2Me (1b); PPhMe2 (1c), were synthesized and characterized by means of spectroscopic methods. These cycloplatinated(II) complexes were luminescent at room temperature in the yellow–orange region’s structured bands. The PPhMe2 derivative was the strongest emissive among the complexes, and the complex with PPh3 was the weakest one. Similar to many luminescent cycloplatinated(II) complexes, the emission was mainly localized on the Vpy cyclometalated ligand as the main chromophoric moiety. The present cycloplatinated(II) complexes were oxidatively reacted with MeI to yield the corresponding cycloplatinated(IV) complexes. The kinetic studies of the reaction point out to an SN2 mechanism. The complex with PPhMe2 ligand exhibited the fastest oxidative addition reaction due to the most electron-rich Pt(II) center in its structure, whereas the PPh3 derivative showed the slowest one. Interestingly, for the PPhMe2 analog, the trans isomer was stable and could be isolated as both kinetic and thermodynamic product, while the other two underwent trans to cis isomerization.
Collapse
|
10
|
Gioria E, del Pozo J, Lledós A, Espinet P. Understanding the Use of Phosphine-(EWO) Ligands in Negishi Cross-Coupling: Experimental and Density Functional Theory Mechanistic Study. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Gioria
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan del Pozo
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Agustí Lledós
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Pablo Espinet
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dawoud Bani-Yaseen A, Sarayrah R, Nabilla F. The effects of substituents on the reductive elimination of difluoromethylated hydrazones from small bite-angle PdII molecular catalyst: A DFT study. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2021.113162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
12
|
Hang C, Ramirez A, Chan C, Hsiao Y, DelMonte AJ, Simmons EM. Mechanistic Studies of a Pd-Catalyzed Direct Arylation En Route to Beclabuvir: Dual Role of a Tetramethylammonium Cation and an Unusual Turnover-Limiting Step. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hang
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Antonio Ramirez
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Collin Chan
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Yi Hsiao
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Albert J. DelMonte
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| | - Eric M. Simmons
- Chemical Process Development, Bristol Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fernández-Moyano S, Peñas-Defrutos MN, Bartolomé C, Espinet P. Striking ligand-disproportionative Cl/aryl scrambling in a simple Au(III) system. Solvent role, driving forces and mechanisms. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:125-128. [PMID: 33295338 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc06450e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Aryl rearrangements triggered by Cl- extraction from trans-[AuIII(Rf)2Cl2]- (Rf = C6F3Cl2-3,5), led quickly to a mixture of [Au(Rf)3(solv)], cis-[Au(Rf)2Cl(solv)] and [Au(Rf)Cl2(solv)] (solv = OEt2, OH2). 19F NMR and X-ray diffraction studies led us to identify the species present in solution and the role of the solvent in their formation, while DFT calculations confirm the thermodynamic basis of their evolution. Very different Rf-Rf coupling rates are found from (μ-Cl)2[cis-Au(Rf)2]2 or cis-[Au(Rf)2ClL] species (L = OEt2, NCMe, Cl-) depending on the coordination strength of the ligand or solvent in the fourth position.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Fernández-Moyano
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid-47071, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Reznikov AN, Ashatkina MA, Klimochkin YN. Recent developments in asymmetric Heck type cyclization reactions for constructions of complex molecules. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5673-5701. [PMID: 34113939 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00496d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Intramolecular carbometallation-initiated asymmetric transformations are a general and powerful approach for the construction of carbo- and heterocyclic systems with one and more stereocenters. In addition, the newly developed multiple cascade reactions are an attractive strategy for increasing the molecular complexity in one step. In recent years, great progress has been made in this area with the use of various palladium and nickel complexes with P- and N-donor chiral ligands. This review highlights recent developments in intramolecular asymmetric Heck reactions, reductive Heck reactions and various types of cascade transformations (intramolecular Heck/Heck, Heck/nucleophilic trapping, Heck/Tsuji-Trost, Heck/Suzuki-Miyaura, Heck/Sonogashira, and Heck/carbonylation) in the synthesis of complex molecules over the past 5 years. A number of examples from before 2016 are included as background information. Particular attention is paid to the use of inexpensive nickel complexes as highly efficient catalysts for a number of asymmetric reactions considered here. A perspective on current challenges and potential future developments in the field of asymmetric Heck type cyclizations is also provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Reznikov
- Samara State Technical University, 244, Molodogvardeyskaya st., Samara, 443100, Russian Federation.
| | - Maria A Ashatkina
- Samara State Technical University, 244, Molodogvardeyskaya st., Samara, 443100, Russian Federation.
| | - Yuri N Klimochkin
- Samara State Technical University, 244, Molodogvardeyskaya st., Samara, 443100, Russian Federation.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Salamanca V, Albéniz AC. Faster palladium-catalyzed arylation of simple arenes in the presence of a methylketone: beneficial effect of an a priori interfering solvent in C–H activation. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00236h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A methyl ketone accelerates the Pd-catalyzed C–H activation of simple arenes. A noninnocent solvent, it reacts in a reversible way without affecting the outcome of the reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Salamanca
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica. Universidad de Valladolid
- 47071 Valladolid
- Spain
| | - Ana C. Albéniz
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica. Universidad de Valladolid
- 47071 Valladolid
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ponce-de-León J, Gioria E, Martínez-Ilarduya JM, Espinet P. Ranking Ligands by Their Ability to Ease (C 6F 5) 2Ni IIL → Ni 0L + (C 6F 5) 2 Coupling versus Hydrolysis: Outstanding Activity of PEWO Ligands. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:18287-18294. [PMID: 33289542 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The NiII literature complex cis-[Ni(C6F5)2(THF)2] is a synthon of cis-Ni(C6F5)2 that allows us to establish a protocol to measure and compare the ligand effect on the NiII → Ni0 reductive elimination step (coupling), often critical in catalytic processes. Several ligands of different types were submitted to this Ni-meter comparison: bipyridines, chelating diphosphines, monodentate phosphines, PR2(biaryl) phosphines, and PEWO ligands (phosphines with one potentially chelate electron-withdrawing olefin). Extremely different C6F5-C6F5 coupling rates, ranging from totally inactive (producing stable complexes at room temperature) to those inducing almost instantaneous coupling at 25 °C, were found for the different ligands tested. The PR2(biaryl) ligands, very efficient for coupling in Pd, are slow and inefficient in Ni, and the reason for this difference is examined. In contrast, PEWO type ligands are amazingly efficient and provide the lowest coupling barriers ever observed for NiII complexes; they yield up to 96% C6F5-C6F5 coupling in 5 min at 25 °C (the rest is C6F5H) and 100% coupling with no hydrolysis in 8 h at -22 to -53 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Ponce-de-León
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Estefania Gioria
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Jesús M Martínez-Ilarduya
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pablo Espinet
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xia Y, Dong G. Temporary or removable directing groups enable activation of unstrained C-C bonds. Nat Rev Chem 2020; 4:600-614. [PMID: 34708156 PMCID: PMC8547736 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-020-0218-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-carbon (C-C) bonds constitute basic skeletons in most organic molecules. One can imagine that selective manipulation of C-C bonds would provide a direct approach to edit or alter molecular scaffolds but has been an ongoing challenge. Due to the kinetic inertness of C-C bonds, the common strategies of activating these bonds by transition metals rely on either the use of highly strained substrates or the assistance of a permanent directing group (DG), in which strain relief or formation of stable metallocycles becomes the driving force. To allow more common and less strained compounds utilized as substrates for C-C activation, the use of temporary and removable DGs has emerged as an attractive strategy in the past two decades. A variety of C-C bonds in unstrained or less strained organic molecules now can be converted to more reactive metal-carbon bonds, and further downstream transformations have led to diverse synthetic methods. This review highlights the development of catalytic approaches that can activate unstrained C-C bonds enabled by temporary or removable DGs. The content is mainly divided based on the nature of the DGs: temporary and removable. Applications of these methods in syntheses of natural products or bioactive molecules are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xia
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kim D, Choi G, Kim W, Kim D, Kang YK, Hong SH. The site-selectivity and mechanism of Pd-catalyzed C(sp 2)-H arylation of simple arenes. Chem Sci 2020; 12:363-373. [PMID: 34163602 PMCID: PMC8178950 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05414c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Control over site-selectivity is a critical challenge for practical application of catalytic C–H functionalization reactions in organic synthesis. Despite the seminal breakthrough of the Pd-catalyzed C(sp2)–H arylation of simple arenes via a concerted metalation–deprotonation (CMD) pathway in 2006, understanding the site-selectivity of the reaction still remains elusive. Here, we have comprehensively investigated the scope, site-selectivity, and mechanism of the Pd-catalyzed direct C–H arylation reaction of simple arenes. Counterintuitively, electron-rich arenes preferably undergo meta-arylation without the need for a specifically designed directing group, whereas electron-deficient arenes bearing fluoro or cyano groups exhibit high ortho-selectivity and electron-deficient arenes bearing bulky electron-withdrawing groups favor the meta-product. Comprehensive mechanistic investigations through a combination of kinetic measurements and stoichiometric experiments using arylpalladium complexes have revealed that the Pd-based catalytic system works via a cooperative bimetallic mechanism, not the originally proposed monometallic CMD mechanism, regardless of the presence of a strongly coordinating L-type ligand. Notably, the transmetalation step, which is influenced by a potassium cation, is suggested as the selectivity-determining step. The transmetalation step, not the C–H activation step, is suggested as the selectivity-determining step in Pd-catalyzed C–H arylation of simple arenes.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daeun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea .,Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Geunho Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea .,Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Weonjeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwook Kim
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Youn K Kang
- Department of Chemical Energy Engineering, Sangmyung University Seoul 03016 Korea
| | - Soon Hyeok Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tao X, Long R, Wu D, Hu Y, Qiu G, Qi Z, Li B, Jiang R, Xiong Y. Anchoring Positively Charged Pd Single Atoms in Ordered Porous Ceria to Boost Catalytic Activity and Stability in Suzuki Coupling Reactions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2001782. [PMID: 33015965 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202001782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Single-atom (SA) catalysis bridging homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis offers new opportunities for organic synthesis, but developing SA catalysts with high activity and stability is still a great challenge. Herein, a heterogeneous catalyst of Pd SAs anchored in 3D ordered macroporous ceria (Pd-SAs/3DOM-CeO2 ) is developed through a facile template-assisted pyrolysis method. The high specific surface area of 3DOM CeO2 facilitates the heavily anchoring of Pd SAs, while the introduction of Pd atoms induces the generation of surface oxygen vacancies and prevents the grain growth of CeO2 support. The Pd-SAs/3DOM-CeO2 catalyst exhibits excellent activity toward Suzuki coupling reactions for a broad scope of substrates under ambient conditions, and the Pd SAs can be stabilized in CeO2 in long-term catalytic cycles without leaching or aggregating. Theoretical calculations indicate that the CeO2 supported Pd SAs can remarkably reduce the energy barriers of both transmetalation and reductive elimination steps for Suzuki coupling reactions. The strong metal-support interaction contributes to modulating the electronic state and maintaining the stability of Pd SA sites. This work demonstrates an effective strategy to design and synthesize stable single-atom catalysts as well as sheds new light on the origin for enhanced catalysis based on the strong metal-support interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Tao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Ran Long
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), School of Chemistry and Materials Science and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Di Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), School of Chemistry and Materials Science and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yangguang Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), School of Chemistry and Materials Science and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ganhua Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Zeming Qi
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), School of Chemistry and Materials Science and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Benxia Li
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang, 310018, P. R. China
| | - Ruibin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, National Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices, Shaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Xiong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), School of Chemistry and Materials Science and National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
- Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, 350 Shushanhu Rd., Hefei, Anhui, 230031, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kaloğlu M, Özdemir İ. The direct C4-arylation of 3,5-dimethylisoxazole with aryl bromides catalyzed by imidazolidin-2-ylidene based palladium-PEPPSI complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
21
|
Estrada JG, Williams WL, Ting SI, Doyle AG. Role of Electron-Deficient Olefin Ligands in a Ni-Catalyzed Aziridine Cross-Coupling To Generate Quaternary Carbons. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:8928-8937. [PMID: 32348673 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported the development of an electron-deficient olefin (EDO) ligand, Fro-DO, that promotes the generation of quaternary carbon centers via Ni-catalyzed Csp3-Csp3 cross-coupling with aziridines. By contrast, electronically and structurally similar EDO ligands such as dimethyl fumarate and electron-deficient styrenes afford primarily β-hydride elimination side reactivity. Only a few catalyst systems have been identified that promote the formation of quaternary carbons via Ni-catalyzed Csp3-Csp3 cross-coupling. Although Fro-DO represents a promising ligand in this regard, the basis for its superior performance is not well understood. Here we describe a detailed mechanistic study of the aziridine cross-coupling reaction and the role of EDO ligands in facilitating Csp3-Csp3 bond formation. This analysis reveals that cross-coupling proceeds by a Ni0/II cycle with a NiII azametallacyclobutane catalyst resting state. Turnover-limiting C-C reductive elimination occurs from a spectroscopically observable NiII-dialkyl intermediate bound to the EDO. Computational analysis shows that Fro-DO accelerates turnover limiting reductive elimination via LUMO lowering. However, it is no more effective than dimethyl fumarate at reducing the barrier to Csp3-Csp3 reductive elimination. Instead, Fro-DO's unique reactivity arises from its ability to associate favorably to NiII intermediates. Natural bond order second-order perturbation theory analysis of the catalytically relevant NiII intermediate indicates that Fro-DO binds to NiII through an additional stabilizing donor-acceptor interaction between its sulfonyl group and NiII. Design of new ligands to evaluate this proposal supports this model and has led to the development of a new and tunable ligand framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús G Estrada
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Wendy L Williams
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Stephen I Ting
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Abigail G Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Budiman YP, Jayaraman A, Friedrich A, Kerner F, Radius U, Marder TB. Palladium-Catalyzed Homocoupling of Highly Fluorinated Arylboronates: Studies of the Influence of Strongly vs Weakly Coordinating Solvents on the Reductive Elimination Process. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:6036-6050. [PMID: 32134642 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
C-C reductive elimination from [PdL2(C6F5)2] to form polyfluorinated biaryls has been a challenge for over 50 years. Thus, palladium-catalyzed homocoupling of arylboronates (ArF-Bpin) containing two ortho-fluorine substituents is very difficult, as the reaction typically stops at the [PdL2(ArF)2] stage after two transmetalation steps. The transmetalated complexes cis-[Pd(MeCN)2(C6F5)2] (3a), cis-[Pd(MeCN)2(2,4,6-C6F3H2)2] (3b), and cis-[Pd(MeCN)2(2,6-C6F2H3)2] (3e) have been isolated from the reaction of ArF-Bpin with Pd(OAc)2 in acetonitrile solvent, with no homocoupling observed. However, catalytic homocoupling proceeds smoothly in a "weakly coordinating" arene solvent as long as no ancillary ligands or coordinating solvents are present. DFT computations reveal that the active catalyst formed by arene solvent coordination leads to an overall reduced barrier for the reductive elimination step compared to the formation of stable [PdL2(ArF)2] complexes in the presence of a donor ligand or solvent L.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudha P Budiman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, 45363 Jatinangor, Indonesia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
|
24
|
Peñas-Defrutos MN, Vélez A, Gioria E, Espinet P. E–Z Isomerization of Phosphine-Olefin (PEWO-F4) Ligands Revealed upon PdCl2 Capture: Facts and Mechanism. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marconi N. Peñas-Defrutos
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Andrea Vélez
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Gioria
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pablo Espinet
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Liu C, Ji CL, Zhou T, Hong X, Szostak M. Decarbonylative Phosphorylation of Carboxylic Acids via Redox-Neutral Palladium Catalysis. Org Lett 2019; 21:9256-9261. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Chong-Lei Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Tongliang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pérez-Iglesias M, Infante R, Casares JA, Espinet P. Intriguing Behavior of an Apparently Simple Coupling Promoter Ligand, PPh2(p-C6H4–C6F5), in Their Pd Complexes. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Pérez-Iglesias
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Infante
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Juan A. Casares
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pablo Espinet
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wang L, Carrow BP. Oligothiophene Synthesis by a General C-H Activation Mechanism: Electrophilic Concerted Metalation-Deprotonation ( eCMD). ACS Catal 2019; 9:6821-6836. [PMID: 32704402 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative C-H/C-H coupling is a promising synthetic route for the streamlined construction of conjugated organic materials for optoelectronic applications. Broader adoption of these methods is nevertheless hindered by the need for catalysts that excel in forging core semiconductor motifs, such as ubiquitous oligothiophenes, with high efficiency in the absence of metal reagents. We report a (thioether)Pd-catalyzed oxidative coupling method for the rapid assembly of both privileged oligothiophenes and challenging hindered cases, even at low catalyst loading under Ag- and Cu-free conditions. A combined experimental and computational mechanistic study was undertaken to understand how a simple thioether ligand, MeS(CH2)3SO3Na, leads to such potent reactivity toward electron-rich substrates. The consensus from these data is that a concerted, base-assisted C-H cleavage transition state is operative, but thioether coordination to Pd is associated with decreased synchronicity (bond formation exceeding bond breaking) versus the "standard" concerted metalation-deprotonation (CMD) model that was formalized by Fagnou in direct arylation reaction. Enhanced positive charge build-up on the substrate results from this perturbation, which rationalizes experimental trends strongly favoring π-basic sites. The term electrophilic CMD (eCMD) is introduced to distinguish this mechanism from the standard model, even though both mechanisms locate in a broad concerted continuum. More O'Ferrall-Jencks analysis further suggests eCMD should be a general mechanism manifested by many metal complexes. A preliminary classification of complexes into those favoring eCMD or standard CMD is proposed, which should be informative for studies toward tunable catalyst-controlled reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Brad P. Carrow
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lee YH, Morandi B. Transition metal-mediated metathesis between P–C and M–C bonds: Beyond a side reaction. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
29
|
Liu C, Qin ZX, Ji CL, Hong X, Szostak M. Highly-chemoselective step-down reduction of carboxylic acids to aromatic hydrocarbons via palladium catalysis. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5736-5742. [PMID: 31293759 PMCID: PMC6568276 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00892f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe a highly selective method for the direct decarbonylative step-down reduction of carboxylic acids to arenes, proceeding via well defined Pd(0)/(II) catalytic cycle.
Aryl carboxylic acids are among the most abundant substrates in chemical synthesis and represent a perfect example of a traceless directing group that is central to many processes in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, natural products and polymers. Herein, we describe a highly selective method for the direct step-down reduction of carboxylic acids to arenes, proceeding via well-defined Pd(0)/(ii) catalytic cycle. The method shows a remarkably broad substrate scope, enabling to direct the classical acyl reduction towards selective decarbonylation by a redox-neutral mechanism. The utility of this reaction is highlighted in the direct defunctionalization of pharmaceuticals and natural products, and further emphasized in a range of traceless processes using removable carboxylic acids under mild, redox-neutral conditions orthogonal to protodecarboxylation. Extensive DFT computations were conducted to demonstrate preferred selectivity for the reversible oxidative addition and indicated that a versatile hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) pathway is operable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Liu
- Department of Chemistry , Rutgers University , 73 Warren Street , Newark , NJ 07102 , USA .
| | - Zhi-Xin Qin
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China .
| | - Chong-Lei Ji
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China .
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310027 , China .
| | - Michal Szostak
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry , Ministry of Education , Shaanxi University of Science and Technology , Xi'an 710021 , China.,Department of Chemistry , Rutgers University , 73 Warren Street , Newark , NJ 07102 , USA .
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gordeev EG, Ananikov VP. Switching the nature of catalytic centers in Pd/NHC systems by solvent effect driven non-classical R-NHC Coupling. J Comput Chem 2019; 40:191-199. [PMID: 30284292 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A well-established oxidative addition of organic halides (R-X) to N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes of palladium(0) leads to formation of (NHC)(R)PdII (X)L species, the key intermediates in a large variety of synthetically useful cross-coupling reactions. Typical consideration of the cross-coupling catalytic cycle is based on the assumption of intrinsic stability of these species, where the subsequent steps involve coordination of the second reacting partner. Thus, high stability of the intermediate (NHC)(R)PdII (X)L species is usually taken for granted. In the present study it is discussed that such intermediates are prone to non-classical R-NHC intramolecular coupling process (R = Me, Ph, Vinyl, Ethynyl) that results in removal of NHC ligand and generation of another type of Pd catalytic system. DFT calculations (BP86, TPSS, PBE1PBE, B3LYP, M06, wB97X-D) clearly show that outcome of R-NHC coupling process is not only determined by chemical nature of the organic substituent R, but also strongly depends on the type of solvent. The reaction is most favorable in polar solvents, whereas the non-polar solvents render the products less stable. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeniy G Gordeev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Valentine P Ananikov
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospect 47, Moscow 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ferguson DM, Bour JR, Canty AJ, Kampf JW, Sanford MS. Aryl–CF3 Coupling from Phosphinoferrocene-Ligated Palladium(II) Complexes. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Devin M. Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - James R. Bour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Allan J. Canty
- School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - Jeff W. Kampf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Melanie S. Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Liu C, Ji C, Hong X, Szostak M. Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarbonylative Borylation of Carboxylic Acids: Tuning Reaction Selectivity by Computation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:16721-16726. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201810145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Liu
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Chong‐Lei Ji
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Liu C, Ji C, Hong X, Szostak M. Palladium‐Catalyzed Decarbonylative Borylation of Carboxylic Acids: Tuning Reaction Selectivity by Computation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201810145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengwei Liu
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| | - Chong‐Lei Ji
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry Rutgers University 73 Warren Street Newark NJ 07102 USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Peng L, Zhang W, Deng C, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Qian H. Preparation of Poly(Bulky N
-Heterocyclic Carbene) as the Self-Supporting Catalyst toward Suzuki-Miyaura Reaction. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201800156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangyi Peng
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
- Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Information Atlas; Fujian Provincial University; Putian 351100 Fujian China
| | - Weiqiang Zhang
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| | - Chunyan Deng
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| | - Zhen Wang
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| | - Yingxue Zhang
- College of Communication Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| | - Hao Qian
- L. Peng, W. Zhang, C. Deng, Z. Wang, Prof. H. Qian; College of Material Science and Engineering; Huaqiao University; XiaMen 361021 Fujian China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Gioria E, Del Pozo J, Martínez-Ilarduya JM, Espinet P. Promoting Difficult Carbon-Carbon Couplings: Which Ligand Does Best? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 55:13276-13280. [PMID: 27634585 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201607089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A Pd complex, cis-[Pd(C6 F5 )2 (THF)2 ] (1), is proposed as a useful touchstone for direct and simple experimental measurement of the relative ability of ancillary ligands to induce C-C coupling. Interestingly, 1 is also a good alternative to other precatalysts used to produce Pd0 L. Complex 1 ranks the coupling ability of some popular ligands in the order Pt Bu3 >o-TolPEWO-F≈tBuXPhos>P(C6 F5 )3 ≈PhPEWO-F>P(o-Tol)3 ≈THF≈tBuBrettPhos≫Xantphos≈PhPEWO-H≫PPh3 according to their initial coupling rates, whereas their efficiency, depending on competitive hydrolysis, is ranked tBuXPhos≈Pt Bu3 ≈o-TolPEWO-F>PhPEWO-F>P(C6 F5 )3 ≫tBuBrettPhos>THF≈P(o-Tol)3 >Xantphos>PhPEWO-H≫PPh3 . This "meter" also detects some other possible virtues or complications of ligands such as tBuXPhos or tBuBrettPhos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Gioria
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén, 7, ES47071, Spain
| | - Juan Del Pozo
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén, 7, ES47071, Spain
| | - Jesús M Martínez-Ilarduya
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén, 7, ES47071, Spain
| | - Pablo Espinet
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Paseo de Belén, 7, ES47071, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Vaissier Welborn V, Head-Gordon T. Electrostatics Generated by a Supramolecular Capsule Stabilizes the Transition State for Carbon-Carbon Reductive Elimination from Gold(III) Complex. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:3814-3818. [PMID: 29939756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b01710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Tetrahedral assemblies of stoichiometry M4L6 have been proven to catalyze a range of chemical reactions including the carbon-carbon reductive elimination reaction from transition metals such as gold. Here, we perform quantum chemical calculations of Gold(III) transition metal complexes in vacuum, and encapsulated in Ga4L612- or Si4L68- assemblies within both a reaction field continuum solvent and in an aqueous molecular environment with counterions, to rationalize the rate enhancements observed experimentally for the reductive elimination reaction. We find that the Ga4L612- assembly lowers the energy barrier of the reaction compared to Si4L68-, which is consistent with kinetic trends observed experimentally. We have determined that the primary factor for catalytic rate acceleration stems from the electrostatic environment emanating from the Ga4L612- capsule as opposed to the water or counterions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Vaissier Welborn
- Chemical Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Teresa Head-Gordon
- Chemical Sciences Division , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Toledo A, Funes-Ardoiz I, Maseras F, Albéniz AC. Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Homocoupling of Alkynes: Full Mechanistic Characterization of a More Complex Oxidase-Type Behavior. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Toledo
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Funes-Ardoiz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ). The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avda. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ana C. Albéniz
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valladolid, 47071 Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Xia Y, Wang J, Dong G. Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling of Simple Ketones via Activation of Unstrained Carbon-Carbon Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:5347-5351. [PMID: 29652498 PMCID: PMC5963696 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we describe that simple ketones can be efficiently employed as electrophiles in Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reactions via catalytic activation of unstrained C-C bonds. A range of common ketones, such as cyclopentanones, acetophenones, acetone and 1-indanones, could be directly coupled with various arylboronates in high site-selectivity, which offers a distinct entry to more functionalized aromatic ketones. Preliminary mechanistic study suggests that the ketone α-C-C bond was cleaved via oxidative addition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jianchun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Guangbin Dong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yang Y, Reber AC, Gilliland SE, Castano CE, Gupton BF, Khanna SN. More than just a support: Graphene as a solid-state ligand for palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. J Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
40
|
Shahsavari HR, Aghakhanpour RB, Hossein-Abadi M, Kia R, Raithby PR. Stable transisomer as the kinetic and theromodynamic product for the oxidative addition of MeI to cycloplatinated(II) complexes comprising isocyanide ligands. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid R. Shahsavari
- Department of Chemistry; Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS); Yousef Sobouti Blvd Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
| | - Reza Babadi Aghakhanpour
- Department of Chemistry; Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS); Yousef Sobouti Blvd Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
| | - Mojdeh Hossein-Abadi
- Department of Chemistry; Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS); Yousef Sobouti Blvd Zanjan 45137-66731 Iran
| | - Reza Kia
- Chemistry Department; Sharif University of Technology; P.O. Box 11155-3516 Tehran Iran
| | - Paul R. Raithby
- Department of Chemistry; University of Bath; Claverton Down BA2 7AY Bath UK
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Xing YY, Liu JB, Sun CZ, Huang F, Chen DZ. Mechanistic Exploration of the Competition Relationship between a Ketone and C═C, C═N, or C═S Bond in the Rh(III)-Catalyzed Carbocyclization Reactions. J Org Chem 2018; 83:4545-4553. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Yang Xing
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Biao Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Chuan-Zhi Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - De-Zhan Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Martín-Ruiz B, Pérez-Ortega I, Albéniz AC. α-Substituted Benzylic Complexes of Palladium(II) as Precursors of Palladium Hydrides. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Martín-Ruiz
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Pérez-Ortega
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47071 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ana C. Albéniz
- IU CINQUIMA/Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valladolid, E-47071 Valladolid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Rull SG, Funes-Ardoiz I, Maya C, Maseras F, Fructos MR, Belderrain TR, Nicasio MC. Elucidating the Mechanism of Aryl Aminations Mediated by NHC-Supported Nickel Complexes: Evidence for a Nonradical Ni(0)/Ni(II) Pathway. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia G. Rull
- Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento de Química, Universidad de Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Ignacio Funes-Ardoiz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Celia Maya
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Sevilla, Aptdo 1203, 41071 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química, Universitat Autonòma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Manuel R. Fructos
- Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento de Química, Universidad de Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - Tomás R. Belderrain
- Laboratorio de Catálisis Homogénea, Unidad Asociada al CSIC, CIQSO-Centro de Investigación en Química Sostenible and Departamento de Química, Universidad de Huelva, 21007 Huelva, Spain
| | - M. Carmen Nicasio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Sevilla, Aptdo 1203, 41071 Sevilla, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Busch M, Wodrich MD, Corminboeuf C. Improving the Thermodynamic Profiles of Prospective Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling Catalysts by Altering the Electrophilic Coupling Component. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Busch
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL); Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Current Address: Department of Physics; Chalmers University of Technology; Fysikgränd 3 SE-412 96 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Matthew D. Wodrich
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL); Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wodrich MD, Sawatlon B, Busch M, Corminboeuf C. On the Generality of Molecular Volcano Plots. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Wodrich
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Boodsarin Sawatlon
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL); Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Michael Busch
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL); Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Current Address: Department of Physics; Chalmers University of Technology; Fysikgränd 3 SE-412 96 Göteborg Sweden
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design; Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL); Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ji CL, Hong X. Factors Controlling the Reactivity and Chemoselectivity of Resonance Destabilized Amides in Ni-Catalyzed Decarbonylative and Nondecarbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15522-15529. [PMID: 29017320 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
N-Glutarimide amides have recently emerged as an exceptional group of compounds with unusually high reactivity in amide C-N bond activation. To understand the key factors that control the remarkable reactivity of these resonance destabilized amides, we explored the Ni-catalyzed decarbonylative and nondecarbonylative Suzuki-Miyaura coupling with N-glutarimide amides through density functional theory calculations. Two leading effects are responsible for the C-N cleavage activity of N-glutarimide amides, the coordinating N-substituents and the geometric twisting. The carbonyl substituent of the N-glutarimide amides provides crucial nickel-oxygen interaction, which essentially acts as a directing group to facilitate the formation of the reactive intermediate for the amide C-N bond cleavage. The geometric twisting weakens the resonance stability by removing the acyl-nitrogen conjugation, which lowers the energy penalty for the C-N bond stretch during oxidative addition. For the chemoselectivity of decarbonylation versus carbonyl retention, we found that the C-C reductive elimination for ketone formation is kinetically faster than that for biaryl formation, while ketone is thermodynamically less stable with respect to the decarbonylated biaryls. The computations also suggest that the nickel catalyst is able to promote the decarbonylation of biaryl ketones via an unexpected C-C bond activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong-Lei Ji
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Gensch T, Thoran R, Richter N, Knölker HJ. Reductive Eliminations from Diarylpalladium(II) Complexes: A Combined Experimental and Computational Investigation. Chemistry 2017; 23:15116-15123. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201702773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Gensch
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Robert Thoran
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Nils Richter
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Boonseng S, Roffe GW, Targema M, Spencer J, Cox H. Rationalization of the mechanism of in situ Pd(0) formation for cross-coupling reactions from novel unsymmetrical pincer palladacycles using DFT calculations. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
49
|
Liu Z, Wang Y, Wang Z, Zeng T, Liu P, Engle KM. Catalytic Intermolecular Carboamination of Unactivated Alkenes via Directed Aminopalladation. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:11261-11270. [PMID: 28727452 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
An intermolecular 1,2-carboamination of unactivated alkenes proceeding via a Pd(II)/Pd(IV) catalytic cycle has been developed. To realize this transformation, a cleavable bidentate directing group is used to control the regioselectivity of aminopalladation and stabilize the resulting organopalladium(II) intermediate, such that oxidative addition to a carbon electrophile outcompetes potential β-hydride elimination. Under the optimized reaction conditions, a broad range of nitrogen nucleophiles and carbon electrophiles are compatible coupling partners in this reaction, affording moderate to high yields. The products of this reaction can be easily converted to free γ-amino acids and γ-lactams, both of which are common structural motifs found in drug molecules and bioactive compounds. Reaction kinetics and DFT calculations shed light on the mechanism of the reaction and explain empirically observed reactivity trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Zichen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Tian Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Keary M Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute , 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Busch
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design and National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthew D. Wodrich
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design and National Center for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials (MARVEL), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Computational Molecular Design, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|