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He H, Hao R. Multiplexed Fluoro-electrochemical Single-Molecule Counting Enabled by SiC Semiconducting Nanofilm. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:11051-11058. [PMID: 39196295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c03199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
A major challenge for ultrasensitive analysis is the high-efficiency determination of different target single molecules in parallel with high accuracy. Herein, we developed a quantitative fluoro-electrochemical imaging approach for direct multiplexed single-molecule counting with a SiC-nanofilm-modified indium tin oxide transparent electrode. The nanofilm could control local pH through proton-coupled electron transfer in a lower potential range and further induce direct electrochemical oxidation of the dye molecules with a higher applied potential. The fluoro-electrochemical responses of immobilized single molecules with different pH values and redox behaviors could thus be distinguished within the same fluorescence channels. This method yields nonamplified direct counting of single molecules, as indicated by excellent linear responses in the picomolar range. The successful distinction of seven different randomly mixed dyes underscores the versatility and efficacy of the proposed method in the highly accurate determination of single dye molecules, paving the way for highly parallel single-molecule detection for diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihan He
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
- Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Hao
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
- Research Center for Chemical Biology and Omics Analysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055 Shenzhen, China
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2
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Lu J, Lew MD. Single-molecule electrochemical imaging resolves the midpoint potentials of individual fluorophores on nanoporous antimony-doped tin oxide. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2037-2046. [PMID: 38332827 PMCID: PMC10848685 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05293a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
We report reversible switching of oxazine, cyanine, and rhodamine dyes by a nanoporous antimony-doped tin oxide electrode that enables single-molecule (SM) imaging of electrochemical activity. Since the emissive state of each fluorophore is modulated by electrochemical potential, the number of emitting single molecules follows a sigmoid function during a potential scan, and we thus optically determine the formal redox potential of each dye. We find that the presence of redox mediators (phenazine methosulfate and riboflavin) functions as an electrochemical switch on each dye's emissive state and observe significantly altered electrochemical potential and kinetics. We are therefore able to measure optically how redox mediators and the solid-state electrode modulate the redox state of fluorescent molecules, which follows an electrocatalytic (EC') mechanism, with SM sensitivity over a 900 μm2 field of view. Our observations indicate that redox mediator-assisted SM electrochemical imaging (SMEC) could be potentially used to sense any electroactive species. Combined with SM blinking and localization microscopy, SMEC imaging promises to resolve the nanoscale spatial distributions of redox species and their redox states, as well as the electron transfer kinetics of electroactive species in various bioelectrochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Lu
- Preston M. Green Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63130 USA
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63130 USA
| | - Matthew D Lew
- Preston M. Green Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63130 USA
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63130 USA
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3
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Leininger WR, Peng Z, Zhang B. Transient Adsorption Behavior of Single Fluorophores on an Electrode-Supported Nanobubble. CHEMICAL & BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 1:380-386. [PMID: 37528965 PMCID: PMC10389806 DOI: 10.1021/cbmi.3c00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the use of a Langmuir isotherm model to analyze and better understand the dynamic adsorption and desorption behavior of single fluorophore molecules at the surface of a hydrogen nanobubble supported on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. Three rhodamine dyes, rhodamine 110 (R110, positively charged), rhodamine 6G (R6G, positively charged), and sulforhodamine G (SRG, negatively charged) were chosen for this study. The use of the Langmuir isotherm model allows us to determine the equilibrium constant and the rate constants for the adsorption and desorption processes. Of the three fluorophores used in this study, SRG was found to have the greatest equilibrium constant. No significant potential dependence was observed on the adsorption characteristics, which suggests the nanobubble size, geometry, and surface properties are relatively constant within the range of potentials used in this study. Our results suggest that the use of the Langmuir isotherm model is a valid and useful means for probing and better understanding the unique adsorption behavior of fluorophores at surface-supported nanobubbles.
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4
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Dong H, Zhao L, Wang T, Chen Y, Hao W, Zhang Z, Hao Y, Zhang C, Wei X, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Xu M. Dual-Mode Ratiometric Electrochemical and Turn-On Fluorescent Detection of Butyrylcholinesterase Utilizing a Single Probe for the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease. Anal Chem 2023; 95:8340-8347. [PMID: 37192372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Biomarkers detection in blood with high accuracy is crucial for the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. In this study, the proof-of-concept fabrication of a dual-mode sensor based on a single probe (Re-BChE) using a dual-signaling electrochemical ratiometric strategy and a "turn-on" fluorescent method is presented. The probe Re-BChE was synthesized in a single step and demonstrated dual mode response toward butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), a promising biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Due to the specific hydrolysis reaction, the probe Re-BChE demonstrated a turn-on current response for BChE at -0.28 V, followed by a turn-off current response at -0.18 V, while the fluorescence spectrum demonstrated a turn-on response with an emission wavelength of 600 nm. The developed ratiometric electrochemical sensor and fluorescence detection demonstrated high sensitivity with BChE concentrations with a low detection limit of 0.08 μg mL-1 and 0.05 μg mL-1, respectively. Importantly, the dual-mode sensor presents the following advantages: (1) dual-mode readout can correct the impact of systematic or background error, thereby achieving more accurate results; (2) the responses of dual-mode readout originate from two distinct mechanisms and relatively independent signal transduction, in which there is no interference between two signaling routes. Additionally, compared with the reported single-signal electrochemical assays for BChE, both redox potential signals were detected in the absence of biological interference within a negative potential window. Furthermore, it was discovered that the outcomes of direct dual-mode electrochemical and fluorescence quantifications of the level of BChE in serum were in agreement with those obtained from the use of commercially available assay kits for BChE sensing. This method has the potential to serve as a useful point-of-care tool for the early detection of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, P. R. China
| | - Le Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, P. R. China
| | - Tao Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, P. R. China
| | - Yanan Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Hao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, P. R. China
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, P. R. China
| | - Yizhao Hao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, P. R. China
| | - Cunliang Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, P. R. China
| | - Xiuhua Wei
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, P. R. China
| | - Yintang Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhou
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, P. R. China
| | - Maotian Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomolecular Recognition and Sensing, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Early Diagnosis of Major Diseases, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, P. R. China
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Messenger H, Madrid D, Saini A, Kisley L. Native diffusion of fluorogenic turn-on dyes accurately report interfacial chemical reaction locations. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04639-1. [PMID: 36907920 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule fluorescence microscopy with "turn-on" dyes that change fluorescent state after a reaction report on the chemistry of interfaces relevant to analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. Paramount to accurately understanding the phenomena at the ultimate detection limit of a single molecule is ensuring fluorophore properties such as diffusion do not obscure the chemical reaction of interest. Here, we develop Monte Carlo simulations of a dye that undergoes reduction to turn-on at the cathode of a corroded iron surface taking into account the diffusion of the dye molecules in a total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) excitation volume, location of the cathode, and chemical reactions. We find, somewhat counterintuitively, that a fast diffusion coefficient of D = 108 nm2/s, corresponding to the dye in aqueous solution, accurately reports the location of single reaction sites. The dyes turn on and are present for the acquisition of a single frame allowing for localization before diffusing out of the thin TIRF excitation volume axially. Previously turned-on (i.e., activated) dyes can also randomly hit the surface surrounding the reaction site leading to a uniform increase in the background. Using concentrations that lead to high turnover rates at the reaction site can achieve signal-to-background ratios of ~100 in our simulation. Therefore, the interplay between diffusion, turn-on reaction rate, and concentration of the dye must be strategically considered to produce accurate images of reaction locations. This work demonstrates that modeling can assist in the design of single-molecule microscopy experiments to understand interfaces related to analytical chemistry such as electrode, nanoparticle, and sensor surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Messenger
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Daniel Madrid
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Anuj Saini
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Lydia Kisley
- Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, 2076 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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6
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrun Dong
- Laboratory of Experimental Physical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jiandong Feng
- Laboratory of Experimental Physical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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7
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Electrochemistry and Electrochemiluminescence of Resorufin Dye: Synergetic Reductive-Oxidation Boosted by Hydrogen Peroxide. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Li G, Mao J, Saqib M, Hao R. Operando Optoelectrochemical Analysis of Single Zinc Dendrites with a Reflective Nanopore Electrode. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200824. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guopeng Li
- Southern University of Science and Technology Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jiaxin Mao
- Southern University of Science and Technology Chemistry CHINA
| | - Muhammad Saqib
- Southern University of Science and Technology CHemistry CHINA
| | - Rui Hao
- Southern University of Science and Technology Department of Chemistry 1088 Xueyuan Ave. 518055 Shenzhen CHINA
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9
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Baek S, Han D, Kwon SR, Sundaresan V, Bohn PW. Electrochemical Zero-Mode Waveguide Potential-Dependent Fluorescence of Glutathione Reductase at Single-Molecule Occupancy. Anal Chem 2022; 94:3970-3977. [PMID: 35213143 PMCID: PMC8904319 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding functional states of individual redox enzymes is important because electron-transfer reactions are fundamental to life, and single-enzyme molecules exhibit molecule-to-molecule heterogeneity in their properties, such as catalytic activity. Zero-mode waveguides (ZMW) constitute a powerful tool for single-molecule studies, enabling investigations of binding reactions up to the micromolar range due to the ability to trap electromagnetic radiation in zeptoliter-scale observation volumes. Here, we report the potential-dependent fluorescence dynamics of single glutathione reductase (GR) molecules using a bimodal electrochemical ZMW (E-ZMW), where a single-ring electrode embedded in each of the nanopores of an E-ZMW array simultaneously serves to control electrochemical potential and to confine optical radiation within the nanopores. Here, the redox state of GR is manipulated using an external potential control of the Au electrode in the presence of a redox mediator, methyl viologen (MV). Redox-state transitions in GR are monitored by correlating electrochemical and spectroscopic signals from freely diffusing MV/GR in 60 zL effective observation volumes at single GR molecule average pore occupancy, ⟨n⟩ ∼ 0.8. Fluorescence intensities decrease (increase) at reducing (oxidizing) potentials for MV due to the MV-mediated control of the GR redox state. The spectroelectrochemical response of GR to the enzyme substrate, i.e., glutathione disulfide (GSSG), shows that GSSG promotes GR oxidation via enzymatic reduction. The capabilities of E-ZMWs to probe spectroelectrochemical phenomena in zL-scale-confined environments show great promise for the study of single-enzyme reactions and can be extended to important technological applications, such as those in molecular diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seol Baek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Donghoon Han
- Department of Chemistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do 14662, South Korea
| | - Seung-Ryong Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Vignesh Sundaresan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Paul W Bohn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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10
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Suvira M, Zhang B. Single-Molecule Interactions at a Surfactant-Modified H 2 Surface Nanobubble. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:13816-13823. [PMID: 34788049 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In schematics and cartoons, the gas-liquid interface is often drawn as solid lines that aid in distinguishing the separation of the two phases. However, on the molecular level, the structure, shape, and size of the gas-liquid interface remain elusive. Furthermore, the interactions of molecules at gas-liquid interfaces must be considered in various contexts, including atmospheric chemical reactions, wettability of surfaces, and numerous other relevant phenomena. Hence, understanding the structure and interactions of molecules at the gas-liquid interface is critical for further improving technologies that operate between the two phases. Electrochemically generated surface nanobubbles provide a stable, reproducible, and high-throughput platform for the generation of a nanoscale gas-liquid boundary. We use total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to image single-fluorophore labeling of surface nanobubbles in the presence of a surfactant. The accumulation of a surfactant on the nanobubble surface changes the interfacial properties of the gas-liquid interface. The single-molecule approach reveals that the fluorophore adsorption and residence lifetime at the interface is greatly impacted by the charge of the surfactant layer at the bubble surface. We demonstrate that the fluorescence readout is either short- or long-lived depending on the repulsive or attractive environment, respectively, between fluorophores and surfactants. Additionally, we investigated the effect of surfactant chain length and salt type and concentration on the fluorophore lifetime at the nanobubble surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milomir Suvira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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11
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Walcarius A. Electroinduced Surfactant Self-Assembly Driven to Vertical Growth of Oriented Mesoporous Films. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:3563-3575. [PMID: 34469107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular soft-templating approaches to mesoporous materials have revolutionized the generation of regular nanoarchitectures exhibiting unique features such as uniform pore structure with tunable dimensions, large surface area, and high pore volume, variability of composition, and/or ease of functionalization with a wide range of organo-functional groups or good hosts for the in situ synthesis of nano-objects. One appealing concept in this field is the development of ordered mesoporous thin films as such a configuration has proven to be essential for various applications including separation, sensing, catalysis (electro and photo), energy conversion and storage, photonics, solar cells, photo- and electrochromism, and low-k dielectric coatings for microelectronics, bio and nanobio devices, or biomimetic surfaces. Supported or free-standing mesoporous films are mostly prepared by evaporation induced self-assembly methods, thanks to their good processing capability and flexibility to manufacture mesostructured oxides and organic-inorganic hybrids films with periodically organized porosity.One important challenge is the control of pore orientation, especially in one-dimensional nanostructures, which is not straightforward from the above evaporation induced self-assembly methods. Accessibility of the pores represents another critical issue, which can be basically ensured in the event of effective interconnections between the pores, but the vertical alignment of mesopore channels will definitely offer the best configuration to secure the most efficient transfer processes through the mesoporous membranes. The orthogonal growth of mesochannels is however not thermodynamically favored, requiring the development of methods enabling self-organization through nonequilibrium states. We found that electrochemistry afforded a real boon to tackle this problem via the electrochemically assisted self-assembly (EASA) method, which not only provides a fast and versatile way to generate highly ordered and hexagonally packed mesopore channels but also constitutes a real platform for the development of functionalized oriented films carrying a wide range of organo-functional groups of adjustable composition and properties.This Account introduces the EASA concept and discusses its development along with the significant progress made from its discovery, notably in view of recent advances on the functionalization of oriented mesoporous silica films, which expand their fields of application. EASA is based on the in situ combination of electrochemically triggered pH-induced polycondensation of silica precursors with electrochemical interfacial surfactant templating, leading to the very fast (a few seconds) growth of vertically aligned silica walls through self-assembly around surfactant hemimicelles transiently formed onto the underlying support. This method benefits from the possibility to deposit uniform thin films onto surfaces of different natures and complex morphologies including at the microscale. From this discovery, our research expanded to cover domains beyond the simple production of bare silica films, turning to the challenge of incorporation and exploitation of organo-functional groups or nanofilaments. So far, the great majority of methods developed for the functionalization of mesoporous silica is based on postsynthesis grafting or co-condensation approaches, which suffer from serious limitations with oriented films (pore blocking, lack of ordering). We demonstrated the uniqueness of EASA combined with click chemistry to afford a versatile and universal route to oriented mesoporous films bearing organo-functional groups of multiple composition. This opened perspectives for future developments and applications, some of which (sensing, permselective coatings, energy storage, electrocatalysis, electrochromism) are also considered in this Account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Walcarius
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour les Matériaux et l’Environnement (LCPME), 405 Rue de Vandoeuvre, F-54000 Nancy, France
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12
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Sundaresan V, Cutri AR, Metro J, Madukoma CS, Shrout JD, Hoffman AJ, Willets KA, Bohn PW. Potential dependent spectroelectrochemistry of electrofluorogenic dyes on indium‐tin oxide. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 2. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Sundaresan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Allison R. Cutri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Jarek Metro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Chinedu S. Madukoma
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
- Eck Institute for Global Health University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Joshua D. Shrout
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
- Eck Institute for Global Health University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | - Anthony J. Hoffman
- Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
| | | | - Paul W. Bohn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana
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Abstract
By synchronizing electrochemical potential scanning with a single-molecule localization super-resolution fluorescence microscope, kinetic fluorescence changes of hundreds of single molecular redox events were tracked simultaneously with high throughput, and subsequent cross-correlation function analysis mapped single molecules' redox potentials (times) out on the imaging area from site to site in unprecedented detail by extracting electrochemically induced fluorescence change from apparently random fluorescence on/off blinking. This work paves the way toward mapping redox states at single-molecule levels in high throughput in chemical and biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghong Lei
- Guilin University of Technology, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, China
| | - Dehong Hu
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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14
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Djoumer R, Chovin A, Demaille C, Dejous C, Hallil H. Real‐time Conversion of Electrochemical Currents into Fluorescence Signals Using 8‐Hydroxypyrene‐1,3,6‐trisulfonic Acid (HPTS) and Amplex Red as Fluorogenic Reporters. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Djoumer
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire Université de Paris CNRS UMR 7591 75006 Paris France
| | - Arnaud Chovin
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire Université de Paris CNRS UMR 7591 75006 Paris France
| | - Christophe Demaille
- Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire Université de Paris CNRS UMR 7591 75006 Paris France
| | - Corinne Dejous
- Laboratoire IMS Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux INP CNRS UMR5218 33405 Talence France
| | - Hamida Hallil
- Laboratoire IMS Université de Bordeaux Bordeaux INP CNRS UMR5218 33405 Talence France
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15
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Lin M, Zhou Y, Bu L, Bai C, Tariq M, Wang H, Han J, Huang X, Zhou X. Single-Nanoparticle Coulometry Method with High Sensitivity and High Throughput to Study the Electrochemical Activity and Oscillation of Single Nanocatalysts. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2007302. [PMID: 33719172 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To explore nanocatalysts with high electro-catalytic performance and less loading of precious metals, efforts have been made to develop electrochemical methods with high spatial resolution at the single nanoparticle level. Herein, a highly sensitive single-nanoparticle coulometry method is successfully developed to study the electrochemical activity and oscillation of single PtTe nanocatalysts. Based on microbattery reactions involving the formic acid electro-oxidation and the deposition of Ag on the single PtTe nanocatalyst surface, this method enables the transition from the undetectable sub-fA electric signal of the formic acid electro-oxidation into strong localized surface plasmon resonance scattering signal of Ag detected by dark-field microscopy. The lowest limiting current for a single nanocatalyst is found to be as low as 25.8 aA. Different trends of activity versus the formic acid concentration and types of activity of the single nanocatalyst have been discovered. Unveiled frequency-amplitude graph shows that the two electrochemical oscillation modes of low frequency with high amplitude and vice versa coexist in a single PtTe nanocatalyst, indicating the abundantly smooth surfaces and defects of nanocatalysts. This conducted study will open up the new avenue for further behavioral and mechanistic investigation of more types of nanocatalysts in the electrochemistry community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Lin
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Division of Advanced Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yingke Zhou
- Division of Advanced Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Lingzheng Bu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chuang Bai
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Division of Advanced Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Division of Advanced Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Division of Advanced Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jinli Han
- Division of Advanced Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaochun Zhou
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Division of Advanced Nanomaterials, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Key Laboratory of Nanodevices and Applications, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215123, China
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16
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Suvira M, Zhang B. Effect of Surfactant on Electrochemically Generated Surface Nanobubbles. Anal Chem 2021; 93:5170-5176. [PMID: 33733748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Surfactants, mimics of contamination, play an important role in nanobubble nucleation, stability, and growth at the electrode surface. Herein, we utilize single-molecule fluorescence microscopy as a sensitive imaging tool to monitor nanobubble dynamics in the presence of a surfactant. Our results show that the presence of anionic and nonionic surfactants increase the rate of nanobubble nucleation at all potentials in a voltage scan. The fluorescence and electrochemical responses indicate the successful lowering of the critical gas concentration needed for nanobubble nucleation across all voltages. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the accumulation of surfactants at the gas-liquid interface changes the interaction of fluorophores with the nanobubble surface. Specifically, differences in fluorophore intensity and residence lifetime at the nanobubble surface suggest that the labeling of nanobubbles is affected by the nature of the nanobubble (size, shape, etc.) and the structure of the gas-liquid interface (surfactant charge, hydrophobicity, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Milomir Suvira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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17
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Chen R, Alanis K, Welle TM, Shen M. Nanoelectrochemistry in the study of single-cell signaling. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:6121-6132. [PMID: 32424795 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Label-free biosensing has been the dream of scientists and biotechnologists as reported by Vollmer and Arnold (Nat Methods 5:591-596, 2008). The ability of examining living cells is crucial to cell biology as noted by Fang (Int J Electrochem 2011:460850, 2011). Chemical measurement with electrodes is label-free and has demonstrated capability of studying living cells. In recent years, nanoelectrodes of different functionality have been developed. These nanometer-sized electrodes, coupled with scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), have further enabled nanometer spatial resolution study in aqueous environments. Developments in the field of nanoelectrochemistry have allowed measurement of signaling species at single cells, contributing to better understanding of cell biology. Leading studies using nanoelectrochemistry of a variety of cellular signaling molecules, including redox-active neurotransmitter (e.g., dopamine), non-redox-active neurotransmitter (e.g., acetylcholine), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), are reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Kristen Alanis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Theresa M Welle
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Mei Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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18
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Hao R, Fan Y, Anderson TJ, Zhang B. Imaging Single Nanobubbles of H 2 and O 2 During the Overall Water Electrolysis with Single-Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3682-3688. [PMID: 32024359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we describe the preparation and use of a thin metal film modified Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) electrode as a highly conductive, transparent, and electrocatalytically active electrode material for studying nanobubbles generated at the electrode/solution interface. Hydrogen and oxygen nanobubbles were generated from water electrolysis on the surface of a Au/Pd alloy modified ITO electrode. The formation of single H2 and O2 nanobubbles was imaged in real time during a potential scan using single-molecule fluorescence microscopy. Our results show that while O2 nanobubbles can be detected at an early stage in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the formation of H2 nanobubbles requires a significant overpotential. Our study shows that thin-film-coated ITO electrodes are simple to make and can be useful electrode substrates for (single molecule) spectroelectrochemistry research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
| | - Yunshan Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
| | - Todd J Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98115, United States
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19
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Hao R, Peng Z, Zhang B. Single-Molecule Fluorescence Microscopy for Probing the Electrochemical Interface. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:89-97. [PMID: 31956755 PMCID: PMC6963970 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical interface is an ultrathin interfacial region between the electrode and solution where electrochemical reactions occur. The study of the electrochemical interface continues to be one of the most exciting directions in modern electrochemistry research. Much of our existing knowledge about the electrochemical interface comes from ensemble measurements and ex situ imaging of the electrode surface. Due to its enormous complexity and highly dynamic nature, however, new imaging tools that can probe the interface in situ with ultrahigh spatial and temporal resolution and single-molecule sensitivity are apparently needed. Single-molecule fluorescence microscopy (SMFM) has emerged as a powerful tool that is uniquely suited for studying the electrochemical interface. In this mini-review, we first give a brief overview of various existing SMFM methods for studying electrochemical problems. We then discuss several exciting research topics involving the use of SMFM methods for studying surface-immobilized molecules, single freely diffusing molecules, single molecules as catalytic reaction indicators, and single-molecule labeling and imaging of interfacial nanobubbles. We anticipate that we will continue to see a rapid increase in publications on stochastic electrochemistry of single molecules and nanoparticles. The increased use of SMFM will likely bring new information to our study of the electrochemical interface.
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20
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Wang Y, Yang Q, Su B. Spatially resolved electrochemistry enabled by thin-film optical interference. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:12359-12362. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05265e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical reactions occurring on the local surface can be spatially resolved by successive interferometric imaging of the nanochannel membrane coated electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Wang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Qian Yang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310058
- China
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21
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Akkilic N, Geschwindner S, Höök F. Single-molecule biosensors: Recent advances and applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 151:111944. [PMID: 31999573 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule biosensors serve the unmet need for real time detection of individual biological molecules in the molecular crowd with high specificity and accuracy, uncovering unique properties of individual molecules which are hidden when measured using ensemble averaging methods. Measuring a signal generated by an individual molecule or its interaction with biological partners is not only crucial for early diagnosis of various diseases such as cancer and to follow medical treatments but also offers a great potential for future point-of-care devices and personalized medicine. This review summarizes and discusses recent advances in nanosensors for both in vitro and in vivo detection of biological molecules offering single-molecule sensitivity. In the first part, we focus on label-free platforms, including electrochemical, plasmonic, SERS-based and spectroelectrochemical biosensors. We review fluorescent single-molecule biosensors in the second part, highlighting nanoparticle-amplified assays, digital platforms and the utilization of CRISPR technology. We finally discuss recent advances in the emerging nanosensor technology of important biological species as well as future perspectives of these sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namik Akkilic
- Structure, Biophysics and Fragment-based Lead Generation, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Stefan Geschwindner
- Structure, Biophysics and Fragment-based Lead Generation, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Höök
- Department of Applied Physics, Division of Biological Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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22
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Wang H, Ding H, Ma B, Chen Z. A redox cycle meets insulin fibrillation in vitro. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 138:89-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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23
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Optical methods for studying local electrochemical reactions with spatial resolution: A critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1074:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Fan S, Webb JEA, Yang Y, Nieves DJ, Gonçales VR, Tran J, Hilzenrat G, Kahram M, Tilley RD, Gaus K, Gooding JJ. Observing the Reversible Single Molecule Electrochemistry of Alexa Fluor 647 Dyes by Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14495-14498. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201907298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjun Fan
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - James E. A. Webb
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Daniel J. Nieves
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science and ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Vinicius R. Gonçales
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Jason Tran
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science and ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Geva Hilzenrat
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science and ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Mohaddeseh Kahram
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Richard D. Tilley
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Katharina Gaus
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science and ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - J. Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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25
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Fan S, Webb JEA, Yang Y, Nieves DJ, Gonçales VR, Tran J, Hilzenrat G, Kahram M, Tilley RD, Gaus K, Gooding JJ. Observing the Reversible Single Molecule Electrochemistry of Alexa Fluor 647 Dyes by Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201907298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjun Fan
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - James E. A. Webb
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Daniel J. Nieves
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science and ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Vinicius R. Gonçales
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Jason Tran
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science and ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Geva Hilzenrat
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science and ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Mohaddeseh Kahram
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Richard D. Tilley
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Katharina Gaus
- EMBL Australia Node in Single Molecule Science and ARC Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - J. Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry Australian Centre for NanoMedicine and The ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
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26
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Zhou P, Yao L, Chen K, Su B. Silica Nanochannel Membranes for Electrochemical Analysis and Molecular Sieving: A Comprehensive Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2019; 50:424-444. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2019.1642735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhou
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lina Yao
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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27
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Patrice FT, Qiu K, Ying YL, Long YT. Single Nanoparticle Electrochemistry. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2019; 12:347-370. [PMID: 31018101 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061318-114902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Experimental techniques to monitor and visualize the behaviors of single nanoparticles have not only revealed the significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity of those individuals, which are hidden in ensemble methods, but more importantly, they have also enabled researchers to elucidate the origin of such heterogeneity. In pursuing the intrinsic structure-function relations of single nanoparticles, the recently developed stochastic collision approach demonstrated some early promise. However, it was later realized that the appropriate sizing of a single nanoparticle by an electrochemical method could be far more challenging than initially expected owing to the dynamic motion of nanoparticles in electrolytes and complex charge-transfer characteristics at electrode surfaces. This clearly indicates a strong necessity to integrate single nanoparticle electrochemistry with high-resolution optical microscopy. Hence, this review aims to give a timely update of the latest progress for both electrochemically sensing and seeing single nanoparticles. A major focus is on collision-based measurements, where nanoparticles or single entities in solution impact on a collector electrode and the electrochemical response is recorded. These measurements are further enhanced with optical measurements in parallel. For completeness, advances in other related methods for single nanoparticle electrochemistry are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fato Tano Patrice
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; ;
| | - Kaipei Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; ;
| | - Yi-Lun Ying
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; ;
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; ;
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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28
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Tian Z, Mi L, Wu Y, Shao F, Zou M, Zhou Z, Liu S. Visual Electrofluorochromic Detection of Cancer Cell Surface Glycoprotein on a Closed Bipolar Electrode Chip. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7902-7910. [PMID: 31135138 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This work reports an electrofluorochromic strategy on the basis of electric field control of fluorescent signal generation on bipolar electrodes (BPEs) for visualizing cancer cell surface glycoprotein (mucin 1). The device included two separate cells: anodic sensing cell and cathodic reporting cell, which were connected by a screen-printing electrode patterned on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) membrane. In the sensing cell, anti-MUC1 antibody immobilized on a chitosan-multiwalled carbon nanotube (CS-MWCNT)-modified anodic BPE channel was used for capturing mucin-1 (MUC1) or MCF-7 cancer cells. Then ferrocene (Fc)-labeled mucin 1 aptamers were introduced through hybridization. Under an applied voltage, the ferrocene was oxidized and the electroactive molecules of 1,4-benzoquinone (BQ) in the cathodic reporting cell were reduced according to electroneutrality. This produced a strongly basic 1,4-benzoquinone anion radical (BQ•-), which turned on the fluorescence of pH-responsive fluorescent molecules of (2-(2-(4-hydroxystyryl)-6-methyl-4 H-pyran-4-ylidene)malononitrile) (SPM) coexisting in the cathode reporting cell for both spectrophotometric detection and imaging. This strategy allowed sensitive detection of MUC1 at a concentration down to 10 fM and was capable of detecting a minimum of three MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, the amount of MUC1 on MCF-7 cells was calculated to be 6.02 × 104 molecules/cell. Our strategy also had the advantages of high temporal and spatial resolution, short response time, and high luminous contrast and is of great significance for human health and the promotion of life science development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing , 211189 , China
| | - Li Mi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing , 211189 , China
| | - Yafeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing , 211189 , China
| | - Fengying Shao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing , 211189 , China
| | - Mingqiang Zou
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine (CAIQ) , No. A3, Gaobeidian Road, Chaoyang District , Beijing 100123 , China
| | - Zhenxian Zhou
- Nanjing Second Hospital , No. 121, Jiangjiayuan, Gulou District , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Songqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing , 211189 , China
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29
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Han C, Hao R, Fan Y, Edwards MA, Gao H, Zhang B. Observing Transient Bipolar Electrochemical Coupling on Single Nanoparticles Translocating through a Nanopore. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:7180-7190. [PMID: 31074628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of transient bipolar electrochemical coupling on freely moving 40 nm silver nanoparticles. The use of an asymmetric nanoelectrochemical environment at the nanopore orifice, for example, an acid inside the pipette and halide ions in the bulk, enabled us to observe unusually large current blockages of single Ag nanoparticles. We attribute these current blockages to the formation of H2 nanobubbles on the surface of Ag nanoparticles due to the coupled faradaic reactions, in which the reduction of protons and water is coupled to the oxidation of Ag and water under potentials higher than 1 V. The appearance of large current blockages was strongly dependent on the applied voltage and the choice of anions in the bulk solution. The correlation between large current blockages with the oxidation of Ag nanoparticles and their nanopore translocation was further supported by simultaneous fluorescence and electric recordings. This study demonstrates that transient bipolar electrochemistry can take place on small metal nanoparticles below 50 nm when they pass through nanopores where the electric field is highly localized. The use of a nanopore and the resistive-pulse sensing method to study transient bipolar electrochemistry of nanoparticles may be extended to future studies in ultrafast electrochemistry, nanocatalyst screening, and gas nucleation on nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Han
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Rui Hao
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Yunshan Fan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Martin A Edwards
- Department of Chemistry , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , Utah 84112 , United States
| | - Hongfang Gao
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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30
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Yan F, Yao L, Yang Q, Chen K, Su B. Ionic Current Rectification by Laminated Bipolar Silica Isoporous Membrane. Anal Chem 2018; 91:1227-1231. [PMID: 30569707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Ionic current rectification (ICR) is one of interesting characteristics displayed by nanochannels with asymmetric geometry, ionic concentration or charge distribution, which has been utilized for the development of chemical sensors and biosensors. Herein we report the ICR phenomenon observed with ultrathin silica isoporous membrane (SIM), which was prepared by laminating two layers of SIM with opposite charges and different pore diameters, designated as bipolar SIM (bp-SIM). The negatively charged layer, called as n-SIM, was 86 nm-thick and consisted of channels with a diameter of 2-3 nm. The positively charged layer with a thickness of 59 nm, termed as p-SIM, was comprised of channels of 4.5-5.5 nm in diameter. They were primarily grown on the solid surface using the Stöber-solution and biphasic-stratification growth approaches, respectively, and then exfoliated to obtain perforated structures by the polymer-protected chemical etching and transfer method. The negative charges of n-SIM and positive ones of p-SIM were generated by the deprotonation of pristine surface silanol and postmodified ammonium groups, respectively. Neither n-SIM nor p-SIM alone displays the ICR characteristic, because of their symmetric structure and uniform charge distribution. When laminating two of them, an apparent ICR characteristic was observed for the bp-SIM with a typical diode-like current-voltage response. This behavior was rationalized to arise from the asymmetric charge distribution on two layers by finite element simulations. Considering the facile preparation and diverse surface functionalities, as well as its uniform and highly porous structure, the bp-SIM provides an attractive platform for designing ICR-based sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yan
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , 310058 , China
| | - Lina Yao
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , 310058 , China
| | - Qian Yang
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , 310058 , China
| | - Kexin Chen
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , 310058 , China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , 310058 , China
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31
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Bentley CL, Edmondson J, Meloni GN, Perry D, Shkirskiy V, Unwin PR. Nanoscale Electrochemical Mapping. Anal Chem 2018; 91:84-108. [PMID: 30500157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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32
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Fan Y, Hao R, Han C, Zhang B. Counting Single Redox Molecules in a Nanoscale Electrochemical Cell. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13837-13841. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunshan Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Rui Hao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Chu Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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Abstract
The past decade has witnessed an explosion in the use of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy methods in biology and other fields. Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is one of the most widespread of these methods and owes its success in large part to the ability to control the on-off state of fluorophores through various chemical, photochemical, or binding-unbinding mechanisms. We provide here a comprehensive overview of switchable fluorophores in SMLM including a detailed review of all major classes of SMLM fluorophores, and we also address strategies for labeling specimens, considerations for multichannel and live-cell imaging, potential pitfalls, and areas for future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 98195
| | - Joshua C. Vaughan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 98195
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA, 98195
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34
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Byoun W, Jung S, Tran NM, Yoo H. Synthesis and Application of Dendritic Fibrous Nanosilica/Gold Hybrid Nanomaterials. ChemistryOpen 2018; 7:349-355. [PMID: 29872610 PMCID: PMC5974554 DOI: 10.1002/open.201800040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphologically unique silica nanoparticles can be used as effective templates to prepare silica-metal hybrid nanomaterials, which are highly applicable in a variety of areas. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles, which have high surface areas and an abundance of pores, can be used to synthesize mesoporous silica core-metal shell nanostructures with catalytically active sites. In this work, dendritic fibrous nanosilica (DFNS) with a high surface area is successfully employed as a template to synthesize DFNS/Au hybrid nanomaterials. Au nanodots are initially synthesized through the selective reduction of Au ions on the surface of the DFNS after surface modification to form DFNS/Au dots. A seed-mediated growth method is used to controllably grow Au nanoparticles on the DFNS/Au dots to generate DFNS core-Au nanoparticles shell nanohybrids (DFNS/Au NPs) and DFNS core-Au layer shell nanohybrids (DFNS/Au layers). The catalytic activities of DFNS/Au NPs and DFNS/Au layers in the 4-nitrophenol reduction reaction are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wongyun Byoun
- Department of ChemistryHallym UniversityChuncheon, Gangwon-do24252Republic of Korea
| | - Soeun Jung
- Department of ChemistryHallym UniversityChuncheon, Gangwon-do24252Republic of Korea
| | - Ngoc Minh Tran
- Department of ChemistryHallym UniversityChuncheon, Gangwon-do24252Republic of Korea
| | - Hyojong Yoo
- Department of ChemistryHallym UniversityChuncheon, Gangwon-do24252Republic of Korea
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35
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Labrador NY, Songcuan EL, De Silva C, Chen H, Kurdziel SJ, Ramachandran RK, Detavernier C, Esposito DV. Hydrogen Evolution at the Buried Interface between Pt Thin Films and Silicon Oxide Nanomembranes. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b02668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Y. Labrador
- Columbia University in the City of New York Department of Chemical Engineering, Lenfest
Center for Sustainable Energy, 500 W. 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Eva L. Songcuan
- Columbia University in the City of New York Department of Chemical Engineering, Lenfest
Center for Sustainable Energy, 500 W. 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Chathuranga De Silva
- Columbia University in the City of New York Department of Chemical Engineering, Lenfest
Center for Sustainable Energy, 500 W. 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Han Chen
- Columbia University in the City of New York Department of Chemical Engineering, Lenfest
Center for Sustainable Energy, 500 W. 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Sophia J. Kurdziel
- Columbia University in the City of New York Department of Chemical Engineering, Lenfest
Center for Sustainable Energy, 500 W. 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Ranjith K. Ramachandran
- Ghent University, Department of Solid State Sciences,
CoCooN, Krijgslaan 281/S1, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Christophe Detavernier
- Ghent University, Department of Solid State Sciences,
CoCooN, Krijgslaan 281/S1, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel V. Esposito
- Columbia University in the City of New York Department of Chemical Engineering, Lenfest
Center for Sustainable Energy, 500 W. 120th Street, New York, New York 10027, United States
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36
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Abstract
Chemical activity of single nanoparticles can be imaged and determined by monitoring the optical signal of each individual during chemical reactions with advanced optical microscopes. It allows for clarifying the functional heterogeneity among individuals, and for uncovering the microscopic reaction mechanisms and kinetics that could otherwise be averaged out in ensemble measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210023
- China
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37
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Hao R, Fan Y, Han C, Zhang B. Bipolar Electrochemistry on a Nanopore-Supported Platinum Nanoparticle Electrode. Anal Chem 2017; 89:12652-12658. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 United States
| | - Yunshan Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 United States
| | - Chu Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 United States
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38
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Bau JA, Takanabe K. Ultrathin Microporous SiO2 Membranes Photodeposited on Hydrogen Evolving Catalysts Enabling Overall Water Splitting. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A. Bau
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
and Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 4700 KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kazuhiro Takanabe
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)
and Physical Sciences and Engineering Division (PSE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 4700 KAUST, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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39
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Shashkova S, Leake MC. Single-molecule fluorescence microscopy review: shedding new light on old problems. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170031. [PMID: 28694303 PMCID: PMC5520217 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy is an invaluable tool in the biosciences, a genuine workhorse technique offering exceptional contrast in conjunction with high specificity of labelling with relatively minimal perturbation to biological samples compared with many competing biophysical techniques. Improvements in detector and dye technologies coupled to advances in image analysis methods have fuelled recent development towards single-molecule fluorescence microscopy, which can utilize light microscopy tools to enable the faithful detection and analysis of single fluorescent molecules used as reporter tags in biological samples. For example, the discovery of GFP, initiating the so-called 'green revolution', has pushed experimental tools in the biosciences to a completely new level of functional imaging of living samples, culminating in single fluorescent protein molecule detection. Today, fluorescence microscopy is an indispensable tool in single-molecule investigations, providing a high signal-to-noise ratio for visualization while still retaining the key features in the physiological context of native biological systems. In this review, we discuss some of the recent discoveries in the life sciences which have been enabled using single-molecule fluorescence microscopy, paying particular attention to the so-called 'super-resolution' fluorescence microscopy techniques in live cells, which are at the cutting-edge of these methods. In particular, how these tools can reveal new insights into long-standing puzzles in biology: old problems, which have been impossible to tackle using other more traditional tools until the emergence of new single-molecule fluorescence microscopy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sviatlana Shashkova
- Department of Physics, Biological Physical Sciences Institute (BPSI), University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
- Department of Biology, Biological Physical Sciences Institute (BPSI), University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Mark C Leake
- Department of Physics, Biological Physical Sciences Institute (BPSI), University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
- Department of Biology, Biological Physical Sciences Institute (BPSI), University of York, York YO10 5DD, U.K
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