1
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Lu Z, Wang L, Hughes M, Smith S, Shen Q. nBu 4N +[Ag I(CF 3) 2] -: Trifluoromethylated Argentate Derived from Fluoroform and Its Reaction with (Hetero)Aryl Diazonium Salts. Org Lett 2024; 26:2773-2777. [PMID: 37791681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of a well-defined trifluoromethylated argentate nBu4N+[Ag(CF3)2]- 1 from fluoroform was described. The complex was stable in the solid state and in solution under an inert atmosphere. Treatment of a variety of (hetero)aryl diazonium tetrafluoroborates with nBu4N+[Ag(CF3)2]- 1 generated trifluoromethylated (hetero)arenes in good to excellent yields. Preliminary experiments were conducted, and a reasonable mechanism of the reaction was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehai Lu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Linhua Wang
- Syngenta Crop Protection, Product Technology and Engineering, 410 Swing Rd, Greensboro, North Carolina 27409, United States
| | - Matthew Hughes
- Syngenta Crop Protection, Manufacturing Centre, Huddersfield HD2 1FF, U.K
| | - Stephen Smith
- Syngenta Crop Protection, Jealotts Hill Research Centre, Bracknell RG42 6EY, U.K
| | - Qilong Shen
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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2
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Chakrabarti K, Wade Wolfe MM, Guo S, Tucker JW, Lee J, Szymczak NK. A metal-free strategy to construct fluoroalkyl-olefin linkages using fluoroalkanes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:1752-1757. [PMID: 38303957 PMCID: PMC10829021 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc05616c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
We present a metal-free strategy to access fluoroalkyl-olefin linkages from fluoroalkane precursors and vinyl-pinacol boronic ester (BPin) reagents. This reaction sequence is templated by the boron reagent, which induces C-C bond formation upon oxidation. We developed this strategy into a one-pot synthetic protocol using RCF2H precursors directly with vinyl-BPin reagents in the presence of a Brønsted base, which tolerated oxygen- and nitrogen-containing heterocycles, and aryl halogens. We also found that HCF3 (HCF-23; a byproduct of the Teflon industry) and CH2F2 (HCF-32; a low-cost refrigerant) are amenable to this protocol, representing distinct strategies to generate RCF2H and RCF3 molecules. Finally, we demonstrate that the vinyldifluoromethylene products can be readily derivatized, representing an avenue for late-stage modification after installing the fluoroalkyl unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Chakrabarti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Michael M Wade Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Shuo Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University Hohhot 010021 P.R. China
| | - Joseph W Tucker
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc. Eastern Point Rd Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Jisun Lee
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc. Eastern Point Rd Groton CT 06340 USA
| | - Nathaniel K Szymczak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
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3
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Kitahara T, Tagami Y, Haga Y, Fustero S, Sugiishi T, Amii H. Alkylation and silylation of α-fluorobenzyl anion intermediates. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9210-9215. [PMID: 37961788 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01586f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Simple α-fluorobenzyl anions reacted with electrophiles such as non-activated alkyl halides and chlorotrimethylsilane. Upon treatment with LTMP as the base, fluoromethylbenzenes took part in the formation of α-monofluorobenzyl anions without stabilizing o-substituents. Furthermore, the resulting α-silyl fluoromethylbenzenes reacted with electrophiles such as acetophenone and benzaldehyde in the presence of cesium fluoride to form α-fluorobenzylated alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Kitahara
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Yuta Tagami
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Yuto Haga
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Santos Fustero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universitat de València, Vicente Andrés Estelles s/n, C.P.: 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Tsuyuka Sugiishi
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
| | - Hideki Amii
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, 1-5-1, Tenjin-cho, Kiryu, Gunma 376-8515, Japan.
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4
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Lin D, Coe M, Krishnamurti V, Ispizua-Rodriguez X, Surya Prakash GK. Recent Advances in Visible Light-Mediated Radical Fluoro-alkylation, -alkoxylation, -alkylthiolation, -alkylselenolation, and -alkylamination. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300104. [PMID: 37212421 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the last few years, many reagents and protocols have been developed to allow for the efficient fluorofunctionalization of a diverse set of scaffolds ranging from alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and (hetero)arenes. The concomitant rise of organofluorine chemistry and visible light-mediated synthesis have synergistically expanded the fields and have mutually benefitted from developments in both fields. In this context, visible light driven formations of radicals containing fluorine have been a major focus for the discovery of new bioactive compounds. This review details the recent advances and progress made in visible light-mediated fluoroalkylation and heteroatom centered radical generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lin
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Coe
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vinayak Krishnamurti
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xanath Ispizua-Rodriguez
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - G K Surya Prakash
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 837 Bloom Walk, 90089-1661, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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5
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Ex-situ generation and synthetic utilization of bare trifluoromethyl anion in flow via rapid biphasic mixing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1231. [PMID: 36869027 PMCID: PMC9984407 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35611-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluoroform (CF3H) is the simplest reagent for nucleophilic trifluoromethylation intermediated by trifluoromethyl anion (CF3-). However, it has been well-known that CF3- should be generated in presence of a stabilizer or reaction partner (in-situ method) due to its short lifetime, which results in the fundamental limitation on its synthetic utilization. We herein report a bare CF3- can be ex-situ generated and directly used for the synthesis of diverse trifluoromethylated compounds in a devised flow dissolver for rapid biphasic mixing of gaseous CF3H and liquid reagents that was designed and structurally optimized by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In flow, various substrates including multi-functional compounds were chemoselectively reacted with CF3-, extending to the multi-gram-scale synthesis of valuable compounds by 1-hour operation of the integrated flow system.
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6
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Guo S, Sun W, Tucker JW, Hesp KD, Szymczak NK. Preparation and Functionalization of Mono- and Polyfluoroepoxides via Fluoroalkylation of Carbonyl Electrophiles. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203578. [PMID: 36478306 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We outline a new synthetic method to prepare mono- and polyfluoroepoxides from a diverse pool of electrophiles (ketones, acyl chlorides, esters) and fluoroalkyl anion equivalents. The initially formed α-fluoro alkoxides undergo subsequent intramolecular ring closure when heated. We demonstrated the versatility of the method through the isolation of 16 mono- and polyfluoroepoxide products. These compounds provide unique entry points for further diversification via either fluoride migration coupled with ring opening, or defluorinative functionalization reactions, the latter of which can be used as a late-stage method to install select bioactive moieties. The reaction sequences described herein provide a pathway to functionalize the commonly observed products formed from 1,2-addition into carbonyl electrophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Joseph W Tucker
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc.: Eastern Point Rd., Groton, CT., 06340, USA
| | - Kevin D Hesp
- Medicine Design, Pfizer Inc.: Eastern Point Rd., Groton, CT., 06340, USA
| | - Nathaniel K Szymczak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, 930 North University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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7
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Luo Z, Cahard D, Tsui GC. Using Fluoroform in Trifluoromethylation Reactions. J Fluor Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2023.110092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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8
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Fujihira Y, Iwasaki H, Sumii Y, Adachi H, Kagawa T, Shibata N. Continuous-Flow Synthesis of Perfluoroalkyl Ketones via Perfluoroalkylation of Esters Using HFC-23 and HFC-125 under a KHMDS–Triglyme System. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yamato Fujihira
- Department of Engineering, Life Science and Applied Chemistry Program, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroto Iwasaki
- Department of Engineering, Life Science and Applied Chemistry Program, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Yuji Sumii
- Department of Engineering, Life Science and Applied Chemistry Program, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Adachi
- Tosoh Finechem Corporation, 4988, Kaiseicho, Shunan, 746-0006, Japan
| | - Takumi Kagawa
- Tosoh Finechem Corporation, 4988, Kaiseicho, Shunan, 746-0006, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Engineering, Life Science and Applied Chemistry Program, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
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9
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Sheldon DJ, Crimmin MR. Repurposing of F-gases: challenges and opportunities in fluorine chemistry. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:4977-4995. [PMID: 35616085 PMCID: PMC9207706 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01072g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorinated gases (F-gases) are routinely employed as refrigerants, blowing agents, and electrical insulators. These volatile compounds are potent greenhouse gases and consequently their release to the environment creates a significant contribution to global warming. This review article seeks to summarise: (i) the current applications of F-gases, (ii) the environmental issues caused by F-gases, (iii) current methods of destruction of F-gases and (iv) recent work in the field towards the chemical repurposing of F-gases. There is a great opportunity to tackle the environmental and sustainability issues created by F-gases by developing reactions that repurpose these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Sheldon
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, Shepherds Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
| | - Mark R Crimmin
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, Shepherds Bush, London, W12 0BZ, UK.
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10
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Belina SP, Qing S, Dudziński P, Matsnev AV, Mück‐Lichtenfeld C, Haufe G, Thrasher JS. Preparation and Characterization of Pentafluoro‐λ
6
‐sulfanyldifluoromethane and Pentafluoro‐λ
6
‐sulfanyl‐1,1,2,2‐tetrafluoroethane. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven P. Belina
- Department of Chemistry Advanced Materials Research Laboratory Clemson University 91 Technology Drive Anderson South Carolina 29625 USA
| | - Si‐Yan Qing
- Department of Chemistry Advanced Materials Research Laboratory Clemson University 91 Technology Drive Anderson South Carolina 29625 USA
| | - Piotr Dudziński
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstr. 40 DE-48149 Münster Germany
| | - Andrej V. Matsnev
- Department of Chemistry Advanced Materials Research Laboratory Clemson University 91 Technology Drive Anderson South Carolina 29625 USA
| | - Christian Mück‐Lichtenfeld
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstr. 40 DE-48149 Münster Germany
| | - Günter Haufe
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Corrensstr. 40 DE-48149 Münster Germany
| | - Joseph S. Thrasher
- Department of Chemistry Advanced Materials Research Laboratory Clemson University 91 Technology Drive Anderson South Carolina 29625 USA
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11
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Soor HS, Diaz DB, Burton KI, Yudin AK. Synthesis of Fluorinated Aminoalkylboronic Acids from Amphoteric α‐Boryl Aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202104133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harjeet S. Soor
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Diego B. Diaz
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Katherine I. Burton
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
| | - Andrei K. Yudin
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto 80 St. George St. Toronto ON M5S 3H6 Canada
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12
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Soor HS, Diaz DB, Burton KI, Yudin AK. Synthesis of Fluorinated Aminoalkylboronic Acids from Amphoteric α-Boryl Aldehydes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16366-16371. [PMID: 33977627 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Our ongoing search for underdeveloped functional group combinations has brought to light α-fluorinated aminoalkylboronic acids, a new class of molecules featuring the B-CF linkage. These compounds can now be generated from secondary amines and α-boryl aldehydes through electrophilic fluorination of boryl enamines or enamides. Fluorinated β-aminoalkylboronic acids show no signs of degradation under ambient conditions. We present evidence for the involvement of chair-like motifs, favored over the acyclic forms by up to 1.7±0.1 kcal mol-1 in water and held together by an amine-boronate hydrogen bond. Fluorinated β-aminoalkylboronic acids are stable over a wide pH range and are characterized by a pKa of 3.4, which is the lowest of any alkylboronic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harjeet S Soor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Diego B Diaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Katherine I Burton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Andrei K Yudin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
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13
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Fujihira Y, Liang Y, Ono M, Hirano K, Kagawa T, Shibata N. Synthesis of trifluoromethyl ketones by nucleophilic trifluoromethylation of esters under a fluoroform/KHMDS/triglyme system. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:431-438. [PMID: 33633811 PMCID: PMC7884878 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A straightforward method that enables the formation of biologically attractive trifluoromethyl ketones from readily available methyl esters using the potent greenhouse gas fluoroform (HCF3, HFC-23) was developed. The combination of fluoroform and KHMDS in triglyme at −40 °C was effective for this transformation, with good yields as high as 92%. Substrate scope of the trifluoromethylation procedure was explored for aromatic, aliphatic, and conjugated methyl esters. This study presents a straightforward trifluoromethylation process of various methyl esters that convert well to the corresponding trifluoromethyl ketones. The tolerance of various pharmacophores under the reaction conditions was also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamato Fujihira
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-5888, Japan
| | - Yumeng Liang
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-5888, Japan
| | - Makoto Ono
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-5888, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hirano
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-5888, Japan
| | - Takumi Kagawa
- Tosoh Finechem Corporation, 4988, Kaiseicho, Shunan, 746-0006, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-5888, Japan.,Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-5888, Japan.,Institute of Advanced Fluorine-Containing Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Avenue, 321004 Jinhua, China
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14
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Taylor JW, Harman WH. H 2 evolution from H 2O via O-H oxidative addition across a 9,10-diboraanthracene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13804-13807. [PMID: 33078792 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05261b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The water reactivity of the boroauride complex ([Au(B2P2)][K(18-c-6)]; (B2P2, 9,10-bis(2-(diisopropylphosphino)-phenyl)-9,10-dihydroboranthrene) and its corresponding two-electron oxidized complex, Au(B2P2)Cl, are presented. Au(B2P2)Cl is tolerant to H2O and forms the hydroxide complex Au(B2P2)OH in the presence of H2O and triethylamine. [Au(B2P2)]Cl and [Au(B2P2)]OH are poor Lewis acids as judged by the Gutmann-Becket method, with [Au(B2P2)]OH displaying facile hydroxide exchange between B atoms of the DBA ring as evidenced by variable temperature NMR spectroscopy. The reduced boroauride complex [Au(B2P2)]- reacts with 1 equivalent of H2O to produce a hydride/hydroxide product, [Au(B2P2)(H)(OH)]-, that rapidly evolves H2 upon further H2O reaction to yield the dihydroxide compound, [Au(B2P2)(OH)2]-. [Au(B2P2)]Cl can be regenerated from [Au(B2P2)(OH)2]-via HCl·Et2O, providing a synthetic cycle for H2 evolution from H2O enabled by O-H oxidative addition at a diboraanthracene unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan W Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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15
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Yokawa A, Ito S. Convenient Preparation and Structure Determination of Air- and Moisture-Tolerant Difluoromethylborates. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3432-3436. [PMID: 32761767 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Convenient and reliable synthetic methods for difluoromethylborates have been established. The intermediary generated difluoromethylsilicate species from TMSCF2 H (TMS=trimethylsilyl) and potassium tert-butoxide were allowed to react with pinBPh (Me4 C2 O2 BPh) in the presence of 18-crown-6 to give the corresponding borate compound [pinB(Ph)CF2 H]- K+ (18-crown-6) as an air- and moisture-tolerant solid. The unambiguously determined crystal structure of [pinB(Ph)CF2 H]- K+ (18-crown-6) revealed that the difluoromethylborate unit partially coordinated on the potassium ion. Reaction of [pinB(Ph)CF2 H]- K+ (18-crown-6) with potassium difluoride (KHF2 ) in acetic acid enabled substitution of the pinacol unit and phenyl group with fluorides, and gave (difluoromethyl)trifluoroborate [F3 BCF2 H]- K+ (18-crown-6) in a good yield. The crystal structure of air- and moisture-tolerant [F3 BCF2 H]- K+ (18-crown-6), which would be a promising reagent for synthesis of various difluoromethylboron species, showed a polyrotaxane-like polymeric structure based on the K⋅⋅⋅F interactions between the K+ (18-crown-6), CF2 H, and BF3 units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akitaka Yokawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
| | - Shigekazu Ito
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Materials and Chemical Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H113 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 152-8552, Japan
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16
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Yang BY, Telu S, Haskali MB, Morse CL, Pike VW. A Gas Phase Route to [ 18F]fluoroform with Limited Molar Activity Dilution. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14835. [PMID: 31619702 PMCID: PMC6795885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50747-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is an important imaging modality for biomedical research and drug development. PET requires biochemically selective radiotracers to realize full potential. Fluorine-18 (t1/2 = 109.8 min) is a major radionuclide for labeling such radiotracers but is only readily available in high activities from cyclotrons as [18F]fluoride ion. [18F]fluoroform has emerged for labeling tracers in trifluoromethyl groups. Prior methods of [18F]fluoroform synthesis used difluoro precursors in solution and led to high dilution with carrier and low molar activity (Am). We explored a new approach for the synthesis of [18F]fluoroform based on the radiosynthesis of [18F]fluoromethane from [18F]fluoride ion and then cobaltIII fluoride mediated gas phase fluorination. We estimate that carrier dilution in this process is limited to about 3-fold and find that moderate to high Am values can be achieved. We show that [18F]fluoroform so produced is highly versatile for rapidly and efficiently labeling various chemotypes that carry trifluoromethyl groups, thereby expanding prospects for developing new PET radiotracers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yeun Yang
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B3 C346A, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1003, USA
| | - Sanjay Telu
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B3 C346A, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1003, USA
| | - Mohammad B Haskali
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B3 C346A, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1003, USA
| | - Cheryl L Morse
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B3 C346A, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1003, USA
| | - Victor W Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room B3 C346A, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1003, USA.
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17
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Mu X, Axtell JC, Bernier NA, Kirlikovali KO, Jung D, Umanzor A, Qian K, Chen X, Bay KL, Kirollos M, Rheingold AL, Houk KN, Spokoyny AM. Sterically Unprotected Nucleophilic Boron Cluster Reagents. Chem 2019; 5:2461-2469. [PMID: 32292833 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A cornerstone of modern synthetic chemistry rests on the ability to manipulate the reactivity of a carbon center by rendering it either electrophilic or nucleophilic. However, accessing a similar reactivity spectrum with boron-based reagents has been significantly more challenging. While classical nucleophilic carbon-based reagents normally do not require steric protection, readily accessible, unprotected boron-based nucleophiles have not yet been realized. Herein, we demonstrate that the bench stable closo-hexaborate cluster anion can engage in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with a wide array of organic and main group electrophiles. The resulting molecules containing B‒C bonds can be further converted to tricoordinate boron species widely used in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan C Axtell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Nicholas A Bernier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kent O Kirlikovali
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Dahee Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander Umanzor
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Kevin Qian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xiangyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Katherine L Bay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Monica Kirollos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Arnold L Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - K N Houk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Alexander M Spokoyny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, 609 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Lead Contact
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18
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Xiang J, Ouyang Y, Xu X, Qing F. Argentination of Fluoroform: Preparation of a Stable AgCF
3
Solution with Diverse Reactivities. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10320-10324. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Xiang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yao Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiu‐Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Feng‐Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-TextilesMinistry of EducationCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua University 2999 North Renmin Lu Shanghai 201620 China
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19
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Xiang J, Ouyang Y, Xu X, Qing F. Argentination of Fluoroform: Preparation of a Stable AgCF
3
Solution with Diverse Reactivities. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia‐Xiang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yao Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiu‐Hua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Feng‐Ling Qing
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine ChemistryCenter for Excellence in Molecular SynthesisShanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Lu Shanghai 200032 China
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-TextilesMinistry of EducationCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua University 2999 North Renmin Lu Shanghai 201620 China
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20
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Politanskaya LV, Selivanova GA, Panteleeva EV, Tretyakov EV, Platonov VE, Nikul’shin PV, Vinogradov AS, Zonov YV, Karpov VM, Mezhenkova TV, Vasilyev AV, Koldobskii AB, Shilova OS, Morozova SM, Burgart YV, Shchegolkov EV, Saloutin VI, Sokolov VB, Aksinenko AY, Nenajdenko VG, Moskalik MY, Astakhova VV, Shainyan BA, Tabolin AA, Ioffe SL, Muzalevskiy VM, Balenkova ES, Shastin AV, Tyutyunov AA, Boiko VE, Igumnov SM, Dilman AD, Adonin NY, Bardin VV, Masoud SM, Vorobyeva DV, Osipov SN, Nosova EV, Lipunova GN, Charushin VN, Prima DO, Makarov AG, Zibarev AV, Trofimov BA, Sobenina LN, Belyaeva KV, Sosnovskikh VY, Obydennov DL, Usachev SA. Organofluorine chemistry: promising growth areas and challenges. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Geri JB, Aguilera EY, Szymczak NK. Difluoromethane as a precursor to difluoromethyl borates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:5119-5122. [PMID: 30969308 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01565e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Difluoromethane (CF2H2) is an ecologically-friendly refrigerant which holds promise as a source of CF2H-. However, the weak acidity (pKa = 35-41) and low stability of the conjugate base have prevented its utilization as a chemical feedstock. In this manuscript, we use a Lewis pair approach to deprotonate CF2H2 and capture CF2H- as R3B-CF2H- adducts. One reagent can be used as a base-free Suzuki reagent in palladium-mediated difluoromethylation, where CF2H- transfer is templated by precoordination to an azaborine derived R3B-CF2H- reagent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob B Geri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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22
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Spokoyny AM, Chiu CW, Bosley BD, Schubert DM. “Mr. Boron”, an Inorganic Chemistry Icon, Turns 90. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:5369-5374. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M. Spokoyny
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ching-Wen Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Beth D. Bosley
- Boron Specialties LLC, 2301 Duss Avenue, Building 9, Ambridge, Pennsylvania 15003, United States
| | - David M. Schubert
- Chemistry Department, Metropolitan State University of Denver, P.O. Box 173362, Campus Box 52, Denver, Colorado 80217, United States
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23
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Ma Q, Tsui GC. Trifluoromethylation of α-diazoesters and α-diazoketones with fluoroform-derived CuCF3: synergistic effects of co-solvent and pyridine as a promoter. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00834e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fluoroform-derived CuCF3 can efficiently trifluoromethylate α-diazoesters and α-diazoketones. The key is the use of co-solvent and pyridine as a promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Ma
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- Hong Kong SAR
| | - Gavin Chit Tsui
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- Hong Kong SAR
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24
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Zhou X, Li G, Shao Z, Fang K, Gao H, Li Y, She Y. Four-component acyloxy-trifluoromethylation of arylalkenes mediated by a photoredox catalyst. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:24-29. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02239a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A four-component intermolecular trifluoromethylation–acyloxylation of arylalkenes induced by visible light has been developed in the presence of the photoredox catalyst Ru(bpy)3(PF6)2 under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaocong Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Jiuzhou Pharmaceutical Technology Co
| | - Guijie Li
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zongzhou Shao
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Fang
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjun Gao
- Zhejiang Jiuzhou Pharmaceutical Technology Co
- Ltd
- Hangzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanqiang Li
- Zhejiang Jiuzhou Pharmaceutical Technology Co
- Ltd
- Hangzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanbin She
- College of Chemical Engineering
- Zhejiang University of Technology
- Hangzhou
- People's Republic of China
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25
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Das S, Hashmi ASK, Schaub T. Direct Photoassisted α-Trifluoromethylation of Aromatic Ketones with Trifluoroacetic Anhydride (TFAA). Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201801305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Das
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa); Im Neuenheimer Feld 584 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut; Heidelberg University; Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Thomas Schaub
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa); Im Neuenheimer Feld 584 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- BASF SE; Synthesis and Homogeneous Catalysis; 67056 Ludwigshafen Germany
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26
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Yang X, Tsui GC. Copper-mediated 1,2-bis(trifluoromethylation) of arynes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8871-8875. [PMID: 30627405 PMCID: PMC6296300 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03754j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We herein describe an unprecedented 1,2-bis(trifluoromethylation) of arynes with [CuCF3] in the presence of an oxidant DDQ. The method allows the rapid construction of a new class of 1,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)arenes in one-step from aryne precursors under mild conditions. Its synthetic utility has been demonstrated in the preparation of bis(trifluoromethylated) molecules with potential pharmaceutical and materials science applications. Mechanistic studies indicated the presence of an o-trifluoromethyl aryl radical intermediate via CF3 group transfer from [CuCF3] to the aryne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkan Yang
- Department of Chemistry , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories , Hong Kong SAR .
| | - Gavin Chit Tsui
- Department of Chemistry , The Chinese University of Hong Kong , Shatin , New Territories , Hong Kong SAR .
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27
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Li M, Ye Y, He L, Hui M, Ng TB, Wong JH, Tsui GC. Domino Cyclization/Trifluoromethylation of 2‐Alknylphenols for the Synthesis of 3‐(Trifluoromethyl)benzofurans and Evaluation of their Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mengwan Li
- Department of ChemistryThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Yibin Ye
- Department of ChemistryThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Lisi He
- Department of ChemistryThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Mamie Hui
- Department of MicrobiologyThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research InstituteThe Chinese University of Hong Kong
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28
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Johnston C, West TH, Dooley RE, Reid M, Jones AB, King EJ, Leach AG, Lloyd-Jones GC. Anion-Initiated Trifluoromethylation by TMSCF 3: Deconvolution of the Siliconate-Carbanion Dichotomy by Stopped-Flow NMR/IR. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11112-11124. [PMID: 30080973 PMCID: PMC6133236 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of CF3 transfer from R3SiCF3 (R = Me, Et, iPr) to ketones and aldehydes, initiated by M+X- (<0.004 to 10 mol %), has been investigated by analysis of kinetics (variable-ratio stopped-flow NMR and IR), 13C/2H KIEs, LFER, addition of ligands (18-c-6, crypt-222), and density functional theory calculations. The kinetics, reaction orders, and selectivity vary substantially with reagent (R3SiCF3) and initiator (M+X-). Traces of exogenous inhibitors present in the R3SiCF3 reagents, which vary substantially in proportion and identity between batches and suppliers, also affect the kinetics. Some reactions are complete in milliseconds, others take hours, and others stall before completion. Despite these differences, a general mechanism has been elucidated in which the product alkoxide and CF3- anion act as chain carriers in an anionic chain reaction. Silyl enol ether generation competes with 1,2-addition and involves protonation of CF3- by the α-C-H of the ketone and the OH of the enol. The overarching mechanism for trifluoromethylation by R3SiCF3, in which pentacoordinate siliconate intermediates are unable to directly transfer CF3- as a nucleophile or base, rationalizes why the turnover rate (per M+X- initiator) depends on the initial concentration (but not identity) of X-, the identity (but not concentration) of M+, the identity of the R3SiCF3 reagent, and the carbonyl/R3SiCF3 ratio. It also rationalizes which R3SiCF3 reagent effects the most rapid trifluoromethylation, for a specific M+X- initiator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig
P. Johnston
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Thomas H. West
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Ruth E. Dooley
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Marc Reid
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Ariana B. Jones
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K.
| | - Edward J. King
- TgK
Scientific Limited, 7
Long’s Yard, St Margaret’s Street, Bradford-on-Avon, BA15 1DH, U.K.
| | - Andrew G. Leach
- School
of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool
John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, U.K.
| | - Guy C. Lloyd-Jones
- EaStChem, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, U.K.
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29
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Saito T, Wang J, Tokunaga E, Tsuzuki S, Shibata N. Direct nucleophilic trifluoromethylation of carbonyl compounds by potent greenhouse gas, fluoroform: Improving the reactivity of anionoid trifluoromethyl species in glymes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11501. [PMID: 30065282 PMCID: PMC6068191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29748-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A simple protocol to overcome the problematic trifluoromethylation of carbonyl compounds by the potent greenhouse gas "HFC-23, fluoroform" with a potassium base is described. Simply the use of glymes as a solvent or an additive dramatically improves the yields of this transformation. Experimental results and DFT calculations suggest that the beneficial effect deals with glyme coordination to the K+ to produce [K(polyether)n]+ whose diminished Lewis acidity renders the reactive anionoid CF3 counterion species more 'naked', thereby slowing down its undesirable decomposition to CF2 and F- and simultaneously increasing its reactivity towards the organic substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Saito
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-5888, Japan
| | - Jiandong Wang
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-5888, Japan
| | - Etsuko Tokunaga
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-5888, Japan
| | - Seiji Tsuzuki
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials, AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-ku, Nagoya, 466-5888, Japan.
- Institute of Advanced Fluorine-Containing Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Avenue, 321004, Jinhua, China.
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30
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Tu KN, Gao C, Blum SA. An Oxyboration Route to a Single Regioisomer of Borylated Dihydrofurans and Isochromenes. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11204-11217. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kim N. Tu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697−2025, United States
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697−2025, United States
| | - Suzanne A. Blum
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697−2025, United States
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31
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Geri JB, Wade Wolfe MM, Szymczak NK. The Difluoromethyl Group as a Masked Nucleophile: A Lewis Acid/Base Approach. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:9404-9408. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob B. Geri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Michael M. Wade Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Nathaniel K. Szymczak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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32
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Harlow RL, Benet-Buchholz J, Miloserdov FM, Konovalov AI, Marshall WJ, Escudero-Adán EC, Martin E, Lishchynskyi A, Grushin VV. On the Structure of [K(crypt-222)]+
CF3−. Helv Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201800015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jordi Benet-Buchholz
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Fedor M. Miloserdov
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona Spain
- No longer affiliated with ICIQ
| | - Andrey I. Konovalov
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona Spain
- No longer affiliated with ICIQ
| | - William J. Marshall
- E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Experimental Station; 200 Powder Mill Rd. Wilmington DE 19803 USA
| | - Eduardo C. Escudero-Adán
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Eddy Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona Spain
- No longer affiliated with ICIQ
| | - Anton Lishchynskyi
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona Spain
- No longer affiliated with ICIQ
| | - Vladimir V. Grushin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ); Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology; Avda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona Spain
- No longer affiliated with ICIQ
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33
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Noda H, Kumagai N, Shibasaki M. Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of α‐Trifluoromethylated Carbinols: A Case Study of Tertiary Propargylic Alcohols. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201800013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Noda
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo 3-14-23 Kamiosaki Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Naoya Kumagai
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo 3-14-23 Kamiosaki Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
| | - Masakatsu Shibasaki
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo 3-14-23 Kamiosaki Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 141-0021 Japan
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34
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Geri JB, Wade Wolfe MM, Szymczak NK. Borazine-CF 3- Adducts for Rapid, Room Temperature, and Broad Scope Trifluoromethylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:1381-1385. [PMID: 29205733 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201711316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A fluoroform-derived borazine CF3- transfer reagent is used to effect rapid nucleophilic reactions in the absence of additives, within minutes at 25 °C. Inorganic electrophiles spanning seven groups of the periodic table can be trifluoromethylated in high yield, including transition metals used for catalytic trifluoromethylation. Organic electrophiles included (hetero)arenes, enabling C-H and C-X trifluoromethylation reactions. Mechanistic analysis supports a dissociative mechanism for CF3- transfer, and cation modification afforded a reagent with enhanced stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob B Geri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Michael M Wade Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Nathaniel K Szymczak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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35
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Geri JB, Wade Wolfe MM, Szymczak NK. Borazine-CF3
−
Adducts for Rapid, Room Temperature, and Broad Scope Trifluoromethylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201711316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob B. Geri
- Department of Chemistry; University of Michigan; 930 N. University Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Michael M. Wade Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry; University of Michigan; 930 N. University Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Nathaniel K. Szymczak
- Department of Chemistry; University of Michigan; 930 N. University Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
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36
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Ye Y, Cheung KPS, He L, Tsui GC. Domino cyclization/trifluoromethylation of 2-alkynylanilines using fluoroform-derived CuCF3: synthesis of 3-(trifluoromethyl)indoles. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qo00191j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A domino cyclization/trifluoromethylation strategy for the construction of indole cores with concomitant installation of a CF3 group is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Ye
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- Hong Kong SAR
| | | | - Lisi He
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- Hong Kong SAR
| | - Gavin Chit Tsui
- Department of Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- New Territories
- Hong Kong SAR
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37
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Punna N, Saito T, Kosobokov M, Tokunaga E, Sumii Y, Shibata N. Stereodivergent trifluoromethylation of N-sulfinylimines by fluoroform with either organic-superbase or organometallic-base. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:4294-4297. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc01526k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first stereodivergent trifluoromethylation of N-sulfinylimines by fluoroform is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagender Punna
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya 466-5888
- Japan
| | - Takuya Saito
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya 466-5888
- Japan
| | - Mikhail Kosobokov
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya 466-5888
- Japan
| | - Etsuko Tokunaga
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya 466-5888
- Japan
| | - Yuji Sumii
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya 466-5888
- Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences
- Nagoya Institute of Technology
- Nagoya 466-5888
- Japan
- Institute of Advanced Fluorine-Containing Materials
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38
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Su B, Li Y, Ganguly R, Kinjo R. Ring Expansion, Photoisomerization, and Retrocyclization of 1,4,2-Diazaboroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:14572-14576. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Su
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
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39
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Su B, Li Y, Ganguly R, Kinjo R. Ring Expansion, Photoisomerization, and Retrocyclization of 1,4,2-Diazaboroles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201708720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Su
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry; School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences; Nanyang Technological University; Nanyang Link 21 Singapore 637371 Singapore
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40
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Wu D, Li Y, Ganguly R, Kinjo R. A snapshot of inorganic Janovsky complex analogues featuring a nucleophilic boron center. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:12734-12737. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc07616a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The addition of phenyl lithium (PhLi) to an aromatic 1,3,2,5-diazadiborinine (1) afforded isolable ionic species 2, which can be deemed as an inorganic analogue of a Janovsky complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637371
- Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637371
- Singapore
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637371
- Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry
- School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637371
- Singapore
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