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Du T, Shen B, Dai J, Zhang M, Chen X, Yu P, Liu Y. Controlled and Regioselective Ring-Opening Polymerization for Poly(disulfide)s by Anion-Binding Catalysis. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:27788-27799. [PMID: 37987648 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Poly(disulfide)s are an emerging class of sulfur-containing polymers with applications in medicine, energy, and functional materials. However, the constituent dynamic covalent S-S bond is highly reactive in the presence of the sulfide (RS-) anion, imposing a persistent challenge to control the polymerization. Here, we report an anion-binding approach to arrest the high reactivity of the RS- chain end to control the synthesis of linear poly(disulfide)s, realizing a rapid, living ring-opening polymerization of 1,2-dithiolanes with narrow dispersity and high regioselectivity (Mw/Mn ∼ 1.1, Ps ∼ 0.85). Mechanistic studies support the formation of a thiourea-base-sulfide ternary complex as the catalytically active species during the chain propagation. Theoretical analyses reveal a synergistic catalytic model where the catalyst preorganizes the protonated base and anionic chain end to establish spatial confinement over the bound monomer, effecting the observed regioselectivity. The catalytic system is amenable to monomers with various functional groups, and semicrystalline polymers are also obtained from lipoic acid derivatives by enhancing the regioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Boming Shen
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jieyu Dai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xingjian Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Peiyuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Shenzhen Grubbs Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Fu S, Rempson CM, Puche V, Zhao B, Zhang F. Construction of disulfide containing redox-responsive polymeric nanomedicine. Methods 2021; 199:67-79. [PMID: 34971759 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Disulfide bonds (S-S) are widely found in chemistry, biology, and materials science. Polymer nanomaterials containing disulfide bonds with a variety of excellent properties have great potential as drug and gene delivery carriers. The disulfide bond can exist stably in extracellular environment, but upon entering cancer cells, it will undergo a sulfhydryl-disulfide bond exchange reaction with glutathione (GSH) in the cytoplasm, causing the disulfide bond cleavage. Therefore, polymeric nanomaterials containing disulfide bonds are promising in cancer treatment due to the elevated GSH concentration inside cancer cells. This review highlights various synthetic approaches to prepare disulfide containing redox-responsive polymeric nanomedicine, including synthesis of disulfide bonds containing polymers, construction of polymeric nanoparticle with shell or core crosslinked disulfide bonds, preparation of polymer-drug conjugates via disulfide linkers, and disulfide linked responsive payloads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Caitlin M Rempson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Vanessa Puche
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Bowen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States
| | - Fuwu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, United States; The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Biomedical Nanotechnology Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States.
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Ji W, Li X, Xiao M, Sun Y, Lai W, Zhang H, Pei H, Li L. DNA-Scaffolded Disulfide Redox Network for Programming Drug-Delivery Kinetics. Chemistry 2021; 27:8745-8752. [PMID: 33778987 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In response to specific stimuli, dynamic covalent materials enable the generation of new structures by reversibly forming/breaking chemical bonds, thus showing great potential for application in controlled drug release. However, using dynamic covalent chemistry to program drug-delivery kinetics remains challenging. Herein, an in situ polymerization-generated DNA-scaffolded disulfide redox network (DdiSRN) is reported in which nucleic acids are used as a scaffold for dynamic disulfide bonds. The constructed DdiSRN allows selective release of loading cargos inside cancer cells in response to redox stimuli. Moreover, the density of disulfide bonds in network can be tuned by precise control over their position and number on DNA scaffolds. As a result, drug-delivery kinetics can be programmed with a half-life, t1/2 , decreasing from 8.3 to 4.4 h, thus facilitating keeping an adequate drug concentration within the therapeutic window. Both in vitro and in vivo studies confirm that co-delivery of DOX and siRNA in combination with fast drug release inside cells using this DdiSRN enhances the therapeutic effect on multidrug-resistant cancer. This nontrivial therapeutic platform enabling kinetic control provides a good paradigm for precision cancer medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ji
- Department Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- Department Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Mingshu Xiao
- Department Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yueyang Sun
- Department Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lai
- Department Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory and Turku Bioscience Centre, Åbo Akademic University, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Hao Pei
- Department Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
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Giesen JA, Grayson SM, Mague JT. Syntheses and crystal structures of 2,2,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylic acid and 2,2,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylic anhydride. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2020; 76:86-90. [PMID: 31921458 PMCID: PMC6944095 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989019016670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The title compounds, C8H14O4 and C16H26O7, are precursors to dendrimers. The strong and weak hydrogen bonds in their extended structures are described. In 2,2,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylic acid, C8H14O4, the carboxyl group occupies an equatorial position on the 1,3-dioxane ring. In the crystal, O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds form chains of molecules, which are linked into a three-dimensional network by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The asymmetric unit of 2,2,5-trimethyl-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylic anhydride, C16H26O7, consists of two independent molecules, which are linked by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, these units are connected into corrugated layers two molecules thick and parallel to the ab plane by additional C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
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Liu Y, Jia Y, Wu Q, Moore JS. Architecture-Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerization for Dynamic Covalent Poly(disulfide)s. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:17075-17080. [PMID: 31603692 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b08957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A strategy is reported for controlling the architecture of poly(disulfide)s by ring-opening polymerization. Aryl thiol initiators shift the ring-chain equilibrium to yield cyclic polymers, while alkyl thiols favor linear ones. Control over polymerization enables synthesis of large polymers (630 kDa) and catalytic depolymerization to recycle monomers. This work provides a new avenue to create dynamic covalent polymers with controlled geometry and length, allowing better characterization of structure-property relationships to expand their materials potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Yuan Jia
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Joint Center for Energy Storage Research , Argonne National Laboratory , 9700 South Cass Avenue , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
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Yang D, Hou Y, Zhuang Q, Liu P, Kong J. Nitrogen-Rich Porous Organic Polyamines for Stabilization of Highly Dispersed Metal Nanoparticles and Catalytic Application. Macromol Rapid Commun 2019; 40:e1900100. [PMID: 31206915 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-rich triazine-based porous organic polyamines (POPa) synthesized via a one-step polycondensation of melamine and 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tribenzaldehyde is employed to synthesize Au and Pd nanoparticles well-dispersed on POPa. The as-prepared POPa-supported Au NPs and Pd NPs (AuNPs@POPa, PdNPs@POPa) with a narrow size distribution show remarkable catalytic activity for the reduction of nitrobenzene compounds and organic dyes and the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction, respectively. Benefitting from POPa the AuNPs@POPa and PdNPs@POPa catalysts can be readily recovered and reused almost without loss of activity. The nitrogen-rich porous organic polyamines provide great opportunities to prepare functional metal nanocatalysts with potential in the heterogeneous catalysis field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Yinglai Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zhuang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Pei Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Jie Kong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Material Physics and Chemistry under Extraordinary Conditions, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Andrén OCJ, Nordström R, Fan Y, Malmsten M, Mongkhontreerat S, Malkoch M. Off-Stoichiometric Thiol-Ene Chemistry to Dendritic Nanogel Therapeutics. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2019; 29:1806693. [PMID: 35865651 PMCID: PMC9286377 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201806693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel platform of dendritic nanogels is herein presented, capitalizing on the self-assembly of allyl-functional polyesters based on dendritic-linear-dendritic amphiphiles followed by simple cross-linking with complementary monomeric thiols via UV initiated off-stoichiometric thiol-ene chemistry. The facile approach enabled multigram creation of allyl reactive nanogel precursors, in the size range of 190-295 nm, being readily available for further modifications to display a number of core functionalities while maintaining the size distribution and characteristics of the master batch. The nanogels are evaluated as carriers of a spread of chemotherapeutics by customizing the core to accommodate each individual cargo. The resulting nanogels are biocompatible, displaying diffusion controlled release of cargo, maintained therapeutic efficacy, and decreased cargo toxic side effects. Finally, the nanogels are found to successfully deliver pharmaceuticals into a 3D pancreatic spheroids tumor model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhang
- KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Fibre and Polymer TechnologySE‐100 44StockholmSweden
| | - Oliver C. J. Andrén
- KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Fibre and Polymer TechnologySE‐100 44StockholmSweden
| | - Randi Nordström
- Department of PharmacyUppsala UniversitySE‐751 23UppsalaSweden
| | - Yanmiao Fan
- KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Fibre and Polymer TechnologySE‐100 44StockholmSweden
| | - Martin Malmsten
- Department of PharmacyUppsala UniversitySE‐751 23UppsalaSweden
| | | | - Michael Malkoch
- KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Fibre and Polymer TechnologySE‐100 44StockholmSweden
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Qian Y, Wang Y, Jia F, Wang Z, Yue C, Zhang W, Hu Z, Wang W. Tumor-microenvironment controlled nanomicelles with AIE property for boosting cancer therapy and apoptosis monitoring. Biomaterials 2019; 188:96-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Gandin V, Khalkar P, Braude J, Fernandes AP. Organic selenium compounds as potential chemotherapeutic agents for improved cancer treatment. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 127:80-97. [PMID: 29746900 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Selenium(Se)-containing compounds have attracted a growing interest as anticancer agents over recent decades, with mounting reports demonstrating their high efficacy and selectivity against cancer cells. Typically, Se compounds exert their cytotoxic effects by acting as pro-oxidants that alter cellular redox homeostasis. However, the precise intracellular targets, signalling pathways affected and mechanisms of cell death engaged following treatment vary with the chemical properties of the selenocompound and its metabolites, as well as the cancer model that is used. Naturally occurring organic Se compounds, besides encompassing a significant antitumor activity with an apparent ability to prevent metastasis, also seem to have fewer side effects and less systemic effects as reported for many inorganic Se compounds. On this basis, many novel organoselenium compounds have also been synthesized and examined as potential chemotherapeutic agents. This review aims to summarize the most well studied natural and synthetic organoselenium compounds and provide the most recent developments in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie their potential anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Prajakta Khalkar
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (MBB), Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jeremy Braude
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Aristi P Fernandes
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (MBB), Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Yang H, Zhao X, Zhang X, Ma L, Wang B, Wei H. Optimization of bioreducible micelles self-assembled from amphiphilic hyperbranched block copolymers for drug delivery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Xuezhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Xiaolong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Liwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Baoyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Lanzhou University; Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China
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