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Dolgikh V, Tsarev A, Timofeev S, Zhuravlyov V, Senderskiy I, Lovegrove A, Konarev A. Antibodies raised against a Sunn bug ( Eurygaster integriceps Put.) recombinant protease, rGHP3p2, can inhibit gluten-hydrolyzing activity. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:703-708. [PMID: 31993194 PMCID: PMC6977494 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunn pest or Sunn bug, Eurygaster integriceps Put., salivary gland proteases are responsible for the deterioration of wheat flour quality during dough mixing, resulting from gluten hydrolysis. These proteases are highly heterogeneous and show low sensitivity to most types of proteinaceous inhibitors, meaning that such inhibitors cannot be used to prevent gluten damage. The present study describes the generation of a specific peptide antibody, raised against the active center of the recombinant gluten-hydrolyzing protease (GHP3). The recombinant protein, encoding two repeats of the GHP3 sequence element involved in forming the S4 pocket and binding of substrate at position P4, was designed and expressed in Escherichia coli. The antibodies raised to this recombinant protein showed inhibitory activity against the GHP3 protease. The results indicate that it is possible to design specific antibodies to inhibit wheat-bug gluten-hydrolyzing proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyacheslav Dolgikh
- Department of Molecular Plant ProtectionAll‐Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR)Pushkin, St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Alexander Tsarev
- Department of Molecular Plant ProtectionAll‐Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR)Pushkin, St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Sergey Timofeev
- Department of Molecular Plant ProtectionAll‐Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR)Pushkin, St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Vladimir Zhuravlyov
- Department of Molecular Plant ProtectionAll‐Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR)Pushkin, St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Igor Senderskiy
- Department of Molecular Plant ProtectionAll‐Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR)Pushkin, St. PetersburgRussia
| | - Alison Lovegrove
- Plant Biology and Crop Science DepartmentRothamsted ResearchHarpendenUK
| | - Alexander Konarev
- Department of Agicultural EntomologyAll‐Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR)Pushkin, St. PetersburgRussia
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Hançerlioğulları BZ, Köksel H, Dudak FC. Development of a peptide substrate for detection of sunn pest damage in wheat flour. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:5677-5682. [PMID: 29736935 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the common protease substrates did not give satisfactory results for the determination of Sunn pest protease activity in damaged wheat, different peptide substrates derived from the repeated sequences of high molecular weight glutenin subunits were synthesized. RESULTS Hydrolysis of peptides by pest protease was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Among three peptides having the same consensus motifs, peptide1 (PGQGQQGYYPTSPQQ) showed the best catalytic efficiency. A novel assay was described for monitoring the enzymatic activity of protease extracted from damaged wheat flour. The selected peptide was labeled with a fluorophore (EDANS) and quencher (Dabcyl) to display fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The proteolytic activity was measured by the change in fluorescence intensity that occurred when the protease cleaved the peptide substrate. Furthermore, the assay developed was modified for rapid and easy detection of bug damage in flour. Flour samples were suspended in water and mixed with fluorescence peptide substrate. After centrifugation, the fluorescence intensities of the supernatants, which are proportional to the protease content of the flour, were determined. CONCLUSION The total analysis time for the assay developed is estimated as 15 min. The assay developed permits a significant decrease in time and labor, offering sensitive detection of Sunn pest damage in wheat flour. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamit Köksel
- Department of Food Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Dizlek H, Özer MS. Improvement bread characteristics of high level sunn pest (Eurygaster integriceps) damaged wheat by using transglutaminase and some additives. J Cereal Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Moiraghi M, Sciarini LS, Gil F, Galván G, Pérez GT. Baking Quality of Bread Wheat Cultivars Damaged by Nysius simulans. Cereal Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem-11-16-0272-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malena Moiraghi
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-UNC-CONICET), Cátedra de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Valparaíso y Rogelio Martínez, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lorena S. Sciarini
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-UNC-CONICET), Cátedra de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Valparaíso y Rogelio Martínez, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Franco Gil
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-UNC-CONICET), Cátedra de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Valparaíso y Rogelio Martínez, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Galván
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-UNC-CONICET), Cátedra de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Valparaíso y Rogelio Martínez, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gabriela T. Pérez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos Córdoba (ICYTAC-UNC-CONICET), Cátedra de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Av. Valparaíso y Rogelio Martínez, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
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Dizlek H, Özer M. Effects of sunn pest (Eurygaster integriceps) damage ratios on rheological characteristics of wheat flour. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2017. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2016.0874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Dizlek
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, E Block, 80000 Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - M.S. Özer
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
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Dizlek H, Özer M. The effects of sunn pest (Eurygaster integriceps) damage ratios on bread making quality of wheat with and without additives. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2017. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2015.0806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Dizlek
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, E Block, 80000 Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - M.S. Özer
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
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Abstract
Recent diagnostic advances have demonstrated that celiac disease is relatively common although most patients have less florid symptoms than previously recognised. The mucosal lesion of this autoimmune disorder depends on both adaptive and innate immune responses. The characteristic antibodies to tissue transglutaminase-2 (tTG-2) and deamidated gliadin peptides may be produced in persons possessing the relevant HLA-DQ genotypes if intact gliadin peptides can penetrate the epithelial barrier to reach antigen presenting cells. Progression from celiac autoimmunity to overt disease may depend on innate immune mechanisms, not HLA-restricted, where IL-15 is generated within the epithelial compartment. A specific innate immune response previously thought restricted to invertebrates, the encapsulation reaction, may contribute to mucosal volume expansion through recruitment of syndecan-expressing leukocytes and stimulated matrix production. It is notable that tissue transglutaminase is critical in this reaction in insects, and that the very few insects that can predate wheat, possess specific salivary or intestinal enzymes that degrade gluten. Animal models in HLA-DQ transgenic mice suggest that the microbial flora of the intestine may play a role in host responses and modulate the evolution of the disease. This suggests that therapeutic modulation of the microbiome may contribute to management of celiac disease. In developing world countries, there is a potential difficulty in histological diagnosis because of the widespread incidence of environmental enteropathy amongst apparently healthy children. Thus, recognition of local patterns of enteropathy will be important for histopathologists, and high titre tTG-2 autoantibody titres may hold considerable diagnostic significance.
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Amiri A, Bandani AR, Alizadeh H. MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF CYSTEINE AND TRYPSIN PROTEASE, EFFECT OF DIFFERENT HOSTS ON PROTEASE EXPRESSION, AND RNAI MEDIATED SILENCING OF CYSTEINE PROTEASE GENE IN THE SUNN PEST. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 91:189-209. [PMID: 26609789 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps, is a serious pest of cereals in the wide area of the globe from Near and Middle East to East and South Europe and North Africa. This study described for the first time, identification of E. integriceps trypsin serine protease and cathepsin-L cysteine, transcripts involved in digestion, which might serve as targets for pest control management. A total of 478 and 500 base pair long putative trypsin and cysteine gene sequences were characterized and named Tryp and Cys, respectively. In addition, the tissue-specific relative gene expression levels of these genes as well as gluten hydrolase (Gl) were determined under different host kernels feeding conditions. Result showed that mRNA expression of Cys, Tryp, and Gl was significantly affected after feeding on various host plant species. Transcript levels of these genes were most abundant in the wheat-fed E. integriceps larvae compared to other hosts. The Cys transcript was detected exclusively in the gut, whereas the Gl and Tryp transcripts were detectable in both salivary glands and gut. Also possibility of Sunn pest gene silencing was studied by topical application of cysteine double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). The results indicated that topically applied dsRNA on fifth nymphal stage can penetrate the cuticle of the insect and induce RNA interference. The Cys gene mRNA transcript in the gut was reduced to 83.8% 2 days posttreatment. Also, it was found that dsRNA of Cys gene affected fifth nymphal stage development suggesting the involvement of this protease in the insect growth, development, and molting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Amiri
- Plant Protection Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Bandani
- Plant Protection Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Houshang Alizadeh
- Department of Agronomy & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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Prolyl-specific peptidases for applications in food protein hydrolysis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 99:7837-46. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-6838-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Salvestrini C, Lucas M, Lionetti P, Torrente F, James S, Phillips AD, Murch SH. Matrix expansion and syncytial aggregation of syndecan-1+ cells underpin villous atrophy in coeliac disease. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106005. [PMID: 25198673 PMCID: PMC4157760 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We studied the expression of sulphated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in coeliac disease (CD) mucosa, as they are critical determinants of tissue volume, which increases in active disease. We also examined mucosal expression of IL-6, which stimulates excess GAG synthesis in disorders such as Grave's ophthalmopathy. Methods We stained archival jejunal biopsies from 5 children with CD at diagnosis, on gluten-free diet and challenge for sulphated GAGs. We then examined duodenal biopsies from 9 children with CD compared to 9 histological normal controls, staining for sulphated GAGs, heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPG), short-chain HSPG (Δ-HSPG) and the proteoglycan syndecan-1 (CD138), which is expressed on epithelium and plasma cells. We confirmed findings with a second monoclonal in another 12 coeliac children. We determined mucosal IL-6 expression by immunohistochemistry and PCR in 9 further cases and controls, and used quantitative real time PCR for other Th17 pathway cytokines in an additional 10 cases and controls. Results In CD, HSPG expression was lost in the epithelial compartment but contrastingly maintained within an expanded lamina propria. Within the upper lamina propria, clusters of syndecan-1+ plasma cells formed extensive syncytial sheets, comprising adherent plasma cells, lysed cells with punctate cytoplasmic staining and shed syndecan ectodomains. A dense infiltrate of IL-6+ mononuclear cells was detected in active coeliac disease, also localised to the upper lamina propria, with significantly increased mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-17A but not IL-23 p19. Conclusions Matrix expansion, through syndecan-1+ cell recruitment and lamina propria GAG increase, underpins villous atrophy in coeliac disease. The syndecan-1+ cell syncytia and excess GAG production recapitulate elements of the invertebrate encapsulation reaction, itself dependent on insect transglutaminase and glutaminated early response proteins. As in other matrix expansion disorders, IL-6 is upregulated and represents a logical target for immunotherapy in patients with coeliac disease refractory to gluten-free diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Salvestrini
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Lucas
- Centre for Paediatric Gastroenterology, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Lionetti
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Florence, Meyer Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Franco Torrente
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sean James
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Coventry & Warwickshire, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Alan D. Phillips
- Centre for Paediatric Gastroenterology, University College London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon H. Murch
- Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Dolgikh VV, Senderskii IV, Konarev AV. Production and properties of recombinant glutenin-hydrolyzing proteinases from Eurygaster integriceps Put. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683814040048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Insect-derived enzymes: a treasure for industrial biotechnology and food biotechnology. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014. [PMID: 23881056 DOI: 10.1007/10_2013_204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Insects are the most diverse group of organisms on earth, colonizing almost every ecological niche of the planet. To survive in various and sometimes extreme habitats, insects have established diverse biological and chemical systems. Core components of these systems are enzymes that enable the insects to feed on diverse nutrient sources. The enzymes are produced by either the insects themselves (homologous) or by symbiotic organisms located in the insects' bodies or in their nests (heterologous). The use of these insect-associated enzymes for applications in the fields of food biotechnology and industrial (white) biotechnology is gaining more and more interest. Prominent examples of insect-derived enzymes include peptidases, amylases, lipases, and β-D-glucosidases. Highly potent peptidases for the degradation of gluten, a storage protein that can cause intestinal disorders, may be received from grain pests. Several insects, such as bark and ambrosia beetles and termites, are able to feed on wood. In the field of white biotechnology, their cellulolytic enzyme systems of mainly endo-1,4-β-D-glucanases and β-D-glucosidases can be employed for saccharification of the most prominent polymer on earth-cellulose.
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Mehrabadi M, Bandani AR, Dastranj M. Salivary digestive enzymes of the wheat bug, Eurygaster integriceps (Insecta: Hemiptera: Scutelleridae). C R Biol 2014; 337:373-82. [PMID: 24961557 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The digestive enzymes from salivary gland complexes (SGC) of Eurygaster integriceps, and their response to starvation and feeding were studied. Moreover, digestive amylases were partially purified and characterized by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration chromatography. The SGC are composed of two sections, the principal glands and accessory glands. The principal glands are further divided into the anterior lobes and posterior lobes. The SGC main enzyme was α-amylase, which hydrolyzed starch better than glycogen. The other carbohydrases were also present in the SGC complexes. Enzymatic activities toward mannose (α/β-mannosidases) were little in comparison to activities against glucose (α/β-glucosidases) and galactose (α/β-galactosidases), the latter being the greatest. Acid phosphatase showed higher activity than alkaline phosphatase. There was no measurable activity for lipase and aminopeptidase. Proteolytic activity was detected against general and specific protease substrates. Activities of all enzymes were increased in response to feeding in comparison to starved insects, revealing their induction and secretion in response to feeding pulse. The SGC amylases eluted in four major peaks and post-electrophoretic detection of the α-amylases demonstrated the existence of at least five isoamylases in the SGC. The physiological implication of these findings in pre-oral digestion of E. integriceps is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehrabadi
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Reza Bandani
- Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Dastranj
- Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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Salis L, Goula M, Izquierdo J, Gordún E. Population density and distribution of wheat bugs infesting durum wheat in Sardinia, Italy. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2013; 13:50. [PMID: 23906035 PMCID: PMC3740913 DOI: 10.1673/031.013.5001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is a very important crop in Italy, and is infested by wheat bugs belonging to the genera Eurygaster (Hemiptera: Scutellaridae) and Aelia (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Many wheat bug infestations have been reported in the north, south, and center of Italy, both in the past as well as recently. The present study was carried out in Sardinia, Italy, during two years (2007 and 2008). The objective of this study was to determine the species and distribution of wheat bugs in durum wheat fields in Sardinia, and to estimate their population density in order to know the incidence of the pest on the island. Sampling took place twice a year (May and June) in three zones, representative of durum wheat cropping in the island. Four species of wheat bugs were found; the predominant species was Eurygaster austriaca (Schrank), followed by Aelia germari (Kuster), Eurygaster maura L., and Aelia acuminata L. The average density of wheat bugs was low (1.1 individuals/m²), but in certain areas it was above the damage threshold (4 individuals/m²). For this reason, the conclusion of the study is that this pest should be monitored in order to control outbreaks and prevent their further spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Salis
- Departament de Biologia Animal, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Goula
- Departament de Biologia Animal, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
- IRBiO Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Izquierdo
- Departament d'Enginyeria Agroalimentària i Biotecnologia, Escola Superior d'Agricultura de Barcelona, Universität Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain
| | - Elena Gordún
- Departament d'Enginyeria Agroalimentària i Biotecnologia, Escola Superior d'Agricultura de Barcelona, Universität Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain
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