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Mehmood A, Iftikhar A, Chen X. Food-derived bioactive peptides with anti-hyperuricemic activity: A comprehensive review. Food Chem 2024; 451:139444. [PMID: 38678657 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HU) is a metabolic disorder caused by the overproduction or underexcretion of uric acid (UA) in the human body. Several approved drugs for the treatment of HU are available in the market; however, all these allopathic drugs exhibit multiple side effects. Therefore, the development of safe and effective anti-HU drugs is an urgent need. Natural compounds derived from foods and plants have the potential to decrease UA levels. Recently, food-derived bioactive peptides (FBPs) have gained attention as a functional ingredient owing to their biological activities. In the current review, we aim to explore the urate-lowering potential and the underlying mechanisms of FBPs. We found that FBPs mitigate HU by reducing blood UA levels through inhibiting key enzymes such as xanthine oxidase, increasing renal UA excretion, inhibiting renal UA reabsorption, increasing anti-oxidant activities, regulating inflammatory mediators, and addressing gut microbiota dysbiosis. In conclusion, FBPs exhibit strong potential to ameliorate HU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mehmood
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China
| | - Asra Iftikhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan and Akhtar Saeed College of Pharmacy, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Xiumin Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; Institute of Food Physical Processing, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Jingkou District, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, PR China; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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2
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Xu Y, Gong H, Zou Y, Mao X. Antihyperuricemic activity and inhibition mechanism of xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptides derived from whey protein by virtual screening. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:1877-1886. [PMID: 37923199 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Xanthine oxidase (XO), a rate-limiting enzyme in uric acid production, is the pivotal therapeutic target for gout and hyperuricemia. In this study, 57 peptides from α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin were obtained via virtual enzymatic hydrolysis, and 10 XO inhibitory peptides were virtually screened using molecular docking. Then toxicity, allergenicity, solubility, and isoelectric point of the obtained 10 novel peptides were evaluated by in silico tools. The XO activity of these synthetic peptides was tested using an in vitro assay by high-performance liquid chromatography. Their inhibitory mechanism was further explored by molecular docking. The results showed that 4 peptides GL, PM, AL, and AM exhibited higher inhibitory activity, and their half maximal inhibitory concentration in vitro was 10.20 ± 0.89, 23.82 ± 0.94, 34.49 ± 0.89, and 40.45 ± 0.92 mM, respectively. The peptides fitted well with XO through hydrogen bond, hydrophobic interaction, and van der Waals forces, and amino acid residues Glu802, Leu873, Arg880, and Pro1076 played an important role in this process. Overall, this study indicated 4 novel peptides GL, PM, AL, and AM from whey protein exhibited XO inhibitory activity, and they might be useful and safe XO inhibitors for hyperuricemia prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Xu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Han Gong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Tianjin Haihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Xueying Mao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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3
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Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Yu C, Yang P, Xu M, Ling J, Wu Y, Zhu Z, Chen Y, Shi A, Liu X, Zhang J, Yu P, Zhang D. Food-derived peptides as novel therapeutic strategies for NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-32. [PMID: 38153262 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2294164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3), a member of the nucleotide-binding domain (NOD) and leucine-rich repeat sequence (LRR) protein (NLR) family, plays an essential role in the inflammation initiation and inflammatory mediator secretion, and thus is also associated with many disease progressions. Food-derived bioactive peptides (FDBP) exhibit excellent anti-inflammatory activity in both in vivo and in vitro models. They are encrypted in plant, meat, and milk proteins and can be released under enzymatic hydrolysis or fermentation conditions, thereby hindering the progression of hyperuricemia, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic liver disease, neurological disorders, lung injury and periodontitis by inactivating the NLRP3. However, there is a lack of systematic review around FDBP, NLRP3, and NLRP3-related diseases. Therefore, this review summarized FDBP that exert inhibiting effects on NLRP3 inflammasome from different protein sources and detailed their preparation and purification methods. Additionally, this paper also compiled the possible inhibitory mechanisms of FDBP on NLRP3 inflammasomes and its regulatory role in NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases. Finally, the progress of cutting-edge technologies, including nanoparticle, computer-aided screening strategy and recombinant DNA technology, in the acquisition or encapsulation of NLRP3 inhibitory FDBP was discussed. This review provides a scientific basis for understanding the anti-inflammatory mechanism of FDBP through the regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and also provides guidance for the development of therapeutic adjuvants or functional foods enriched with these FDBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Meiying Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Chenfeng Yu
- Huankui College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Pingping Yang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Jitao Ling
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuting Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Zicheng Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ao Shi
- School of Medicine, St. George University of London, London, UK
| | - Xiao Liu
- Cardiology Department, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, China
- Branch of Nationlal Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang, China
| | - Deju Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- Food and Nutritional Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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4
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Mao Z, Jiang H, Sun J, Mao X. Virtual screening and structure optimization of xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptides from whole protein sequences of Pacific white shrimp via molecular docking. Food Chem 2023; 429:136837. [PMID: 37473632 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory peptides are safer than conventional pharmacological therapy in relieving hyperuricemia. However, traditional enzymatic hydrolysis, separation, and purification techniques for bio-active peptide preparation are time-consuming, inefficient, and labor-intensive. In this study, molecular docking and BLAST were used to virtually screen XO inhibitory peptides from whole protein sequences of Pacific white shrimp according to the bio-active peptides database, and the structure of peptides was optimized based on the structure-effective relationship. Seven new XO inhibitory peptides were virtual screened rapidly from Pacific white shrimp, and YNITGW (IC50 = 9.78 ± 0.13 mM) showed the strongest activity. The results of YNITGW optimization showed that the insertion of Trp residue in the middle position of peptides could effectively enhance the activity. This study revealed that screening and optimizing peptides by molecular docking were a novel and feasible method to obtain bio-active peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Mao
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Jianan Sun
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Research Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572025, China.
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Processing of Aquatic Products, China National Light Industry, Qingdao 266404, China; Sanya Ocean Research Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572025, China.
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5
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Zhang P, Jiang Z, Lei J, Yan Q, Chang C. Novel hemoglobin-derived xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptides: Enzymatic preparation and inhibition mechanisms. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
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6
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Lerksuthirat T, On‐yam P, Chitphuk S, Stitchantrakul W, Newburg DS, Morrow AL, Hongeng S, Chiangjong W, Chutipongtanate S. ALA-A2 Is a Novel Anticancer Peptide Inspired by Alpha-Lactalbumin: A Discovery from a Computational Peptide Library, In Silico Anticancer Peptide Screening and In Vitro Experimental Validation. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2023; 7:2200213. [PMID: 36910465 PMCID: PMC10000267 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202200213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer peptides (ACPs) are rising as a new strategy for cancer therapy. However, traditional laboratory screening to find and identify novel ACPs from hundreds to thousands of peptides is costly and time consuming. Here, a sequential procedure is applied to identify candidate ACPs from a computer-generated peptide library inspired by alpha-lactalbumin, a milk protein with known anticancer properties. A total of 2688 distinct peptides, 5-25 amino acids in length, are generated from alpha-lactalbumin. In silico ACP screening using the physicochemical and structural filters and three machine learning models lead to the top candidate peptides ALA-A1 and ALA-A2. In vitro screening against five human cancer cell lines supports ALA-A2 as the positive hit. ALA-A2 selectively kills A549 lung cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, with no hemolytic side effects, and acts as a cell penetrating peptide without membranolytic effects. Sequential window acquisition of all theorical fragment ions-proteomics and functional validation reveal that ALA-A2 induces autophagy to mediate lung cancer cell death. This approach to identify ALA-A2 is time and cost-effective. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the exact intracellular targets of ALA-A2. Moreover, these findings support the use of larger computational peptide libraries built upon multiple proteins to further advance ACP research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassanee Lerksuthirat
- Research CenterFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand
| | - Pasinee On‐yam
- Pediatric Translational Research UnitDepartment of PediatricsFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand
- Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand
| | - Sermsiri Chitphuk
- Research CenterFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand
| | - Wasana Stitchantrakul
- Research CenterFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand
| | - David S. Newburg
- Division of EpidemiologyDepartment of Environmental and Public Health SciencesUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45267USA
| | - Ardythe L. Morrow
- Division of EpidemiologyDepartment of Environmental and Public Health SciencesUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45267USA
- Division of Infectious DiseasesDepartment of PediatricsCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45267USA
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Division of Hematology and OncologyDepartment of PediatricsFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand
| | - Wararat Chiangjong
- Pediatric Translational Research UnitDepartment of PediatricsFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Pediatric Translational Research UnitDepartment of PediatricsFaculty of Medicine Ramathibodi HospitalMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand
- Division of EpidemiologyDepartment of Environmental and Public Health SciencesUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH45267USA
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7
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Mao Z, Jiang H, Mao X. Identification and Anti-Hyperuricemic Activity of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Peptides from Pacific White Shrimp and Swimming Crab Based on Molecular Docking Screening. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1620-1627. [PMID: 36625439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory peptides from pacific white shrimp or swimming crab were identified by molecular docking, and the anti-hyperuricemic activity of the peptides was confirmed in hyperuricemic cells. In our study, 17 novel XO inhibitory peptides were purified from pacific white shrimp or swimming crab, and Ala-Glu-Ala-Gln-Met-Trp-Arg (AEAQMWR, 891.01 Da, IC50 = 8.85 ± 0.05 mM) exhibited the greatest XO inhibitory activity in vitro. Molecular docking results indicated that attractive charge, salt bridge, and hydrogen bond showed a crucial effect on the interactions of XO inhibitory peptides with the pivotal residues of Arg880, Glu802, and Glu1261. In addition, XO inhibitory peptides alleviated hyperuricemia by inhibiting inflammation and preventing increased uric acid transporter expression levels in hyperuricemia cells. Overall, these results further confirmed that screening of XO inhibitory peptides rapidly via molecular docking was feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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Xie D, Shen Y, Su E, Du L, Xie J, Wei D. Anti-Hyperuricemic, Nephroprotective, and Gut Microbiota Regulative Effects of Separated Hydrolysate of α-Lactalbumin on Potassium Oxonate- and Hypoxanthine-Induced Hyperuricemic Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200162. [PMID: 36308034 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE This study aims to investigate the anti-hyperuricemic and nephroprotective effects and the potential mechanisms of the separated gastrointestinal hydrolysates of α-lactalbumin on hyperuricemic mice. METHODS AND RESULTS The gastrointestinal hydrolysate of α-lactalbumin, the hydrolysate fraction with molecular weight (MW) < 3 kDa (LH-3k), and the fragments with smallest MW among LH-3K harvested through dextran gel chromatography (F5) are used. Hyperuricemia mice are induced via daily oral gavage of potassium oxonate and hypoxanthine. F5 displays the highest in vitro xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition among all the fractions separated from LH-3k. Oral administration of F5 significantly reduces the levels of serum uric acid (UA), creatinine, and urea nitrogen. F5 treatment could ameliorate kidney injury through alleviating oxidative stress and inflammation. F5 alleviates hyperuricemia in mice by inhibiting hepatic XO activity and regulating the expression of renal urate transporters. Gut microbiota analysis illustrates that F5 administration increases the abundance of some SCFAs producers, and inhibits the growth of hyperuricemia and inflammation associated genera. LH-3k exhibits similar effects but does not show significance as those of the F5 fraction. CONCLUSION The anti-hyperuricemia and nephroprotective functions of F5 are mediated by inhibiting hepatic XO activity, ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammation, regulating renal urate transporters, and modulating the gut microbiota in hyperuricemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dewei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yaling Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Erzheng Su
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, P. R. China
| | - Lei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jingli Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB), Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
| | - Dongzhi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Biotechnology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing (SCICB), Shanghai, 200237, P. R. China
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9
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Zhang X, Cui J, Hou J, Wang W. Research Progress of Natural Active Substances with Uric-Acid-Reducing Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:15647-15664. [PMID: 36482671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disease caused by the accumulation of uric acid in the body. Allopurinol, benzbromarone, and febuxostat, which are available in the market, have reduced the circulating urate levels; however, they exhibit serious side effects. Therefore, it is reasonable to develop a new active antihyperuricemia drug with few side effects. With the deepening of research, numerous kinds of literature have shown that natural active substances are effective in the treatment of hyperuricemia with a variety of sources and few side effects, which have become the focus of research in recent years. This review focuses on natural active substances with uric-acid-reducing activity and discusses their pharmacological effects. More specifically, the bioactive compounds of natural active substances are divided into five categories: natural extracts, monomer compounds extracted from plants, natural protease hydrolysates, peptides, and probiotic bacteria. In addition, the mechanisms by which these bioactive compounds exhibit hypouricemic effects can be divided into four classes: inhibition of key enzyme activities, promotion of uric acid excretion and inhibition of reabsorption in the kidney, promotion of decomposing uric acid precursors, and promotion of decomposing uric acid. Overall, this current and comprehensive review examines the role of natural active substances in the treatment of hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Cui
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Junling Hou
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of GAP for Chinese Crude Drugs, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100102, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenquan Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of GAP for Chinese Crude Drugs, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100102, People's Republic of China
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10
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Screening of xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptides by ligand fishing and molecular docking technology. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Yu Z, Cao Y, Kan R, Ji H, Zhao W, Wu S, Liu J, Shiuan D. Identification of egg protein-derived peptides as xanthine oxidase inhibitors: virtual hydrolysis, molecular docking, and in vitro activity evaluation. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Hou C, Sha W, Li Y, Yao M, Ren J. A modified xanthine oxidase cell model for screening of antihyperuricemic functional compounds. Food Funct 2022; 13:10546-10557. [PMID: 36155703 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00297c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is a purine metabolism disorder, with increasing prevalence worldwide. Here, a high throughput cell model for screening of antihyperuricemic compounds was set up. Human kidney cells (HK2 cells) were stimulated with adenosine and the resulting supernatant and lysate were then analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that hypoxanthine content was increased in both HK2 cells supernatant and xanthine oxidase (XO)-overexpressing HK2 cells lysate, but no uric acid was detected due to lower endogenous XO content in these cells. Exogenous XO was added to the supernatant, and then used to evaluate the antihyperuricemic activity of Febuxostat and two the previously identified peptides, Pro-Gly-Ala-Cys-Ser-Asn (PGACSN) and Trp-Met-Leu (WML). By adding exogenous XO, this combined-adenosine-XO-induced hyperuricemia model was optimized and established, and the Febuxostat and peptides were confirmed to significantly reduce uric acid production in the HK2 cells supernatant (p < 0.05). Therefore, this cell model could be recommended for screening potential bioactive antihyperuricemic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanli Hou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Wangqian Sha
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yujuan Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Maojin Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease and China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.,China-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510663, China
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13
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Li J, Li J, Fan L. Recent Advances in Alleviating Hyperuricemia Through Dietary Sources: Bioactive Ingredients and Structure–activity Relationships. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2124414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- State Key laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Food Processing Technology, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Jinwei Li
- State Key laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liuping Fan
- State Key laboratory of Food Science & Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- Collaborat Innovat Ctr Food Safety & Qual Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Sun L, Ni C, Zhao J, Wang G, Chen W. Probiotics, bioactive compounds and dietary patterns for the effective management of hyperuricemia: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2016-2031. [PMID: 36073759 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2119934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is closely linked with an increased risk of developing hypertension, diabetes, renal failure and other metabolic syndromes. Probiotics, bioactive compounds and dietary patterns are safe cost-efficient ways to control hyperuricemia, whereas comprehensive reviews of their anti-hyperuricemic mechanisms are limited. This review summarizes the roles of probiotics, bioactive compounds and dietary patterns in treating hyperuricemia and critically reviews the possible mechanisms by which these interventions exert their activities. The dietary patterns are closely related to the occurrence of hyperuricemia through the indirect action of gut microbiota or the direct effects of host purine metabolism. The Mediterranean and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diets help reduce serum uric acid concentrations and thus prevent hyperuricemia. Meanwhile, probiotics alleviate hyperuricemia by ways of absorbing purine, restoring gut microbiota dysbiosis and inhibiting xanthine oxidase (XO) activity. Bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, peptides and alkaloids exert various anti-hyperuricemic effects, by regulating urate transporters, blocking the active sites of XO and inhibiting the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway and NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 signaling pathway. This review will assist people with hyperuricemia to adopt a healthy diet and contribute to the application of natural products with anti-hyperuricemic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Caixin Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- (Yangzhou) Institute of Food Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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15
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Separation, identification and docking analysis of xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptides from pacific cod bone-flesh mixture. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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16
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Shu L, Yang M, Liu N, Liu Y, Sun H, Wang S, Zhang Y, Li Y, Yang X, Wang Y. Short Hexapeptide Optimized from Rice-Derived Peptide 1 Shows Promising Anti-hyperuricemia Activities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6679-6687. [PMID: 35608514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived peptides are a treasure trove for new-generation anti-hyperuricemia drugs. In the current study, we optimized a short hexapeptide rice-derived peptide 1 (RDP1)-M3 (AAAAGA) according to the anti-hyperuricemia RDP1 peptide identified from rice in our previous research. Results showed that RDP1-M3 exerted better hyperuricemia-alleviating and xanthine oxidase (XOD)-inhibiting potency in mice than RDP1. The biodistribution of RDP1-M3 was also analyzed. RDP1-M3 directly decreased XOD and uric acid levels in vivo and in vitro. In addition, RDP1-M3 reduced the expression of urate transporter 1 and glucose transporter 9, increased the level of organic anion transporter 1, reduced the expression of NOD-like receptor superfamily pyrin 3 inflammasomes, and reduced the levels of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α of hyperuricemic mice. Thus, our results indicated that the optimized short hexapeptide RDP1-M3 may be a candidate drug for anti-hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longjun Shu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China
| | - Meifeng Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Naixin Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China
| | - Huiling Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, Yunnan 650504, China
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17
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Hou M, Xiang H, Hu X, Chen S, Wu Y, Xu J, Yang X. Novel potential XOD inhibitory peptides derived from Trachinotus ovatus: Isolation, identification and structure-function analysis. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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18
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Li W, Ura K, Takagi Y. Industrial application of fish cartilaginous tissues. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:698-709. [PMID: 35479656 PMCID: PMC9035649 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cartilage is primarily composed of proteoglycans and collagen. Bioactive compounds derived from animal cartilage, such as chondroitin sulfate and type II collagen, have multiple bioactivities and are incorporated in popular health products. The aging population and increases in degenerative and chronic diseases will stimulate the rapid growth of market demand for cartilage products. Commercial production of bioactive compounds primarily involves the cartilages of mammals and poultry. However, these traditional sources are associated zoonosis concerns; thus, cartilage products from the by-products of fish processing has gained increasing attention because of their high level of safety and other activities. In this review, we summarize the current state of research into fish-derived cartilage products and their application, and discuss future trends and tasks to encourage further expansion and exploitation. At present, shark cartilage is the primary source of marine cartilage. However, the number of shark catches is decreasing worldwide, owing to overfishing. This review considers the potential alternative fish cartilage sources for industrialization. Three keys, the sustainable production of fish, new fish-processing model, and market demand, have been discussed for the future realization of efficient fish cartilage use. The industrialization of fish-derived cartilage products is beneficial for achieving sustainable development of local economies and society. Bioactive compounds derived from fish cartilage are popular as health products. Type II collagen and chondroitin sulfate are the major cartilage bioactive compounds. Cartilaginous fishes, sturgeons, and salmonids are potential fish cartilage sources. Keys for industrialization are fish production, processing model, and market demands. Industrialization of fish cartilage products accords with sustainable development.
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19
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Huang XN, Zhang YM, Wen Y, Jiang Y, Wang CH. Protease-Catalyzed Rational Synthesis of Uric Acid-Lowering Peptides in Non-aqueous Medium. Int J Pept Res Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-022-10367-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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WEI L, JI H, SONG W, PENG S, ZHAN S, QU Y, CHEN M, ZHANG D, LIU S. Identification and molecular docking of two novel peptides with xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity from Auxis thazard. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.106921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hongwu JI
- Guangdong Ocean University, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Di ZHANG
- Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - Shucheng LIU
- Guangdong Ocean University, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, China; Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, China; Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, China; Dalian Polytechnic University, China
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21
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Wei L, Ji H, Song W, Peng S, Zhan S, Qu Y, Chen M, Zhang D, Liu S. Hypouricemic, hepatoprotective and nephroprotective roles of oligopeptides derived from Auxis thazard protein in hyperuricemic mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:11838-11848. [PMID: 34746942 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02539b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The oligopeptides derived from Auxis thazard protein (ATO) are a class of small peptides with molecular weight <1 kDa and good bioactivity. This paper aimed to explore the hypouricemic, hepatoprotective, and nephroprotective effects of ATO and its potential mechanisms in hyperuricemia in mice induced by potassium oxonate. The results showed that ATO significantly reduced serum UA, serum creatinine levels, inhibited XOD and ADA activities in the liver (p < 0.05), and accelerated UA excretion by downregulating the gene expression of renal mURAT1 and mGLUT9 and upregulating the gene expression of mABCG2 and mOAT1. ATO could also reduce the levels of liver MDA, increase the activities of SOD and CAT, and reduce the levels of IL-1β, MCP-1 and TNF-α. Histological analysis also showed that ATO possessed hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activities in hyperuricemic mice. Thus, ATO could reduce the serum UA level in hyperuricemic mice by decreasing UA production and promoting UA excretion from the kidney, suggesting that ATO could be developed as a dietary supplement for hyperuricemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyi Wei
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.
| | - Hongwu Ji
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China
| | - Wenkui Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.
| | - Shuo Peng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.
| | - Suhong Zhan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.
| | - Yushan Qu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.
| | - Ming Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.
| | - Shucheng Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Food, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, P.R. China
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22
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Purification and Identification of Novel Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Peptides Derived from Round Scad ( Decapterus maruadsi) Protein Hydrolysates. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19100538. [PMID: 34677437 PMCID: PMC8538066 DOI: 10.3390/md19100538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory effects of peptides purified and identified from round scad (Decapterus maruadsi) hydrolysates (RSHs). In this study, RSHs were obtained by using three proteases (neutrase, protamex and alcalase). Among them, the RSHs of 6-h hydrolysis by neutrase displayed the strongest XO inhibitory activity and had an abundance of small peptides (<500 Da). Four novel peptides were purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography and identified by nano-high-performance liquid chromatography mass/mass spectrometry. Their amino acid sequences were KGFP (447.53 Da), FPSV (448.51 Da), FPFP (506.59 Da) and WPDGR (629.66 Da), respectively. Then the peptides were synthesized to evaluate their XO inhibitory activity. The results indicated that the peptides of both FPSV (5 mM) and FPFP (5 mM) exhibited higher XO inhibitory activity (22.61 ± 1.81% and 20.09 ± 2.41% respectively). Fluorescence spectra assay demonstrated that the fluorescence quenching mechanism of XO by these inhibitors (FPSV and FPFP) was a static quenching procedure. The study of inhibition kinetics suggested that the inhibition of both FPSV and FPFP was reversible, and the type of their inhibition was a mixed one. Molecular docking revealed the importance of π-π stacking between Phe residue (contained in peptides) and Phe914 (contained in the XO) in the XO inhibitory activity of the peptides.
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23
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HMP-S7 Is a Novel Anti-Leukemic Peptide Discovered from Human Milk. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9080981. [PMID: 34440185 PMCID: PMC8394283 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9080981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy in childhood leukemia is associated with late morbidity in leukemic survivors, while certain patient subsets are relatively resistant to standard chemotherapy. It is therefore important to identify new agents with sensitivity and selectivity towards leukemic cells, while having less systemic toxicity. Peptide-based therapeutics has gained a great deal of attention during the last few years. Here, we used an integrative workflow combining mass spectrometric peptide library construction, in silico anticancer peptide screening, and in vitro leukemic cell studies to discover a novel anti-leukemic peptide having 3+ charges and an alpha helical structure, namely HMP-S7, from human breast milk. HMP-S7 showed cytotoxic activity against four distinct leukemic cell lines in a dose-dependent manner but had no effect on solid malignancies or representative normal cells. HMP-S7 induced leukemic cell death by penetrating the plasma membrane to enter the cytoplasm and cause the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, thus acting in a membranolytic manner. Importantly, HMP-S7 exhibited anti-leukemic effects against patient-derived leukemic cells ex vivo. In conclusion, HMP-S7 is a selective anti-leukemic peptide with promise, which requires further validation in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Tian Y, Lin L, Zhao M, Peng A, Zhao K. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity and antihyperuricemic effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf hydrolysate rich in phenolics and peptides. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113808. [PMID: 33450289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf (MOL), a rich source of protein and phenolics, was traditionally used to treat various diseases including headaches, fevers, sore throat and dyslipidemia. Recently, MOL was reported to possess antioxidant, anti-dyslipidemia and hepato-renal protective activities, indicating that MOL could become a potential agent to improve metabolic disorders associated with hyperuricemia. The antihyperuricemic effect of MOL hydrolysate (MOLH) with high contents of phenolics and peptides remains unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to investigate xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity of MOLH, to clarify phenolic and peptide profiles of MOLH, and to evaluate possible mechanism underlying the antihyperuricemic effect of MOLH. MATERIALS AND METHODS MOLH was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis using commercial trypsin. XO inhibitory activity was determined by XO reaction-UPLC-MS coupling method. The chemical profiles of the phenolic and peptide fractions of MOLH were determined by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The antihyperuricemic effect of MOLH was evaluated in a potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic rat model at doses of 200 and 500 mg/kg. Serum uric acid (UA), urea nitrogen, creatinine (CRE), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, serum XO activity, liver malondialdehyde (MDA) equivalent level, renal tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β levels, and protein expression of renal urate-anion transporter 1, glucose transporter 9 and ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 were determined. RESULTS The phenolic and peptide fractions played key roles in inhibiting XO activity and blocking uric acid production. Five flavonoids and sixteen polypeptides were identified in the phenolic and peptide fractions of MOLH, respectively. MOLH (200 and 500 mg/kg) could effectively reduce the serum UA level of hyperuricemic rats (p < 0.001) by regulation of serum XO activity (p < 0.05 at 200 mg/kg, p < 0.01 at 500 mg/kg) and renal urate transporters. Besides, MOLH could improve metabolic disorders associated with hyperuricemia by its multiple actions on liver MDA (p < 0.001), serum CRE (p < 0.05 at 500 mg/kg) and serum TG (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The results provided scientific evidence that MOLH rich in phenolics and peptides ameliorated hyperuricemia and metabolic disorders. This study validated the potential use of MOLH for regulation of hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Tian
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Lianzhu Lin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - An Peng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou, 510641, China
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25
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Yu Z, Kan R, Wu S, Guo H, Zhao W, Ding L, Zheng F, Liu J. Xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptides derived from tuna protein: virtual screening, inhibitory activity, and molecular mechanisms. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:1349-1354. [PMID: 32820534 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been growing interest in the use of xanthine oxidase (XO) as a therapeutic agent to prevent gout and hyperuricemia. In the present study, XO inhibitory peptides were identified from tuna protein by virtual screening, and molecular docking was used to elicit the interaction mechanism between XO and peptides. RESULTS A novel tetrapeptide, EEAK, exhibited high XO inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 173.00 ± 0.06 μM. Molecular docking analysis revealed that EEAK bound with the pivotal residues of XO's active sites (i.e., Glu802, Arg880, Glu1261) through two conventional hydrogen bond interactions, two attractive charge interactions, and one salt bridge. EEAK could also bind with the residues Phe649, Leu648, Lys771, Ser876, Phe914, and Thr1010 of XO. CONCLUSION This study suggested that conventional hydrogen bond interactions and electrostatic interactions play an important role in XO inhibition. The novel XO inhibitory peptide EEAK from tuna protein could be used as potential candidate for controlling gout and hyperuricemia. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Yu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, P.R. China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ruotong Kan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, P.R. China
| | - Sijia Wu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hui Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhu Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, P.R. China
| | - Long Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China
| | - Fuping Zheng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU), Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
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Wu Y, He H, Hou T. Purification, identification, and computational analysis of xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptides from kidney bean. J Food Sci 2021; 86:1081-1088. [PMID: 33565626 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hyperuricemia is related to plenty of diseases, seriously damaging human health. Current clinical drugs used to treat hyperuricemia have many adverse effects. In this study, kidney bean hydrolysate (KBH) was found to exert high xanthine oxidase inhibitory (XOI) activity. Compared to KBH (50.31 ± 2.73%), XOI activities of three fractions (Mw <5 kDa, Mw <3 kDa, Mw < 1 kDa) by ultrafiltration were higher and increased to 58.58 ± 3.57%, 59.34 ± 1.78%, and 55.05 ± 5.00%, respectively (P < 0.05). A total of 69 peptides were identified by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and analyzed binding affinities with XO with the help of molecular docking. AVDSLVPIGR, DWYDIK, LDNLLR, ISPIPVLK, ISSLEMTR showed well binding affinities with XO and DWYDIK presented the highest XOI activity (68.63 ± 5.07%) among five synthetic peptides (P < 0.05). Additionally, visual analysis results indicated that DWYDIK was pushed into the hydrophobic channel and formed hydrogen bonds with pivotal amino acids of xanthine oxidase. Overall, KBH could be a promising candidate as anti- hyperuricemia functional food. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This research initially revealed that kidney bean peptides could significantly inhibit the activity of xanthine oxidase, indicating kidney bean peptides could be a treatment for hyperuricemia. Kidney bean peptides may have commercial potentials as a safer alternative with few side effects to drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqun Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 43000, China
| | - Hui He
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 43000, China
| | - Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 43000, China
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Liu N, Meng B, Zeng L, Yin S, Hu Y, Li S, Fu Y, Zhang X, Xie C, Shu L, Yang M, Wang Y, Yang X. Discovery of a novel rice-derived peptide with significant anti-gout potency. Food Funct 2020; 11:10542-10553. [PMID: 33185232 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01774d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
As a metabolic disease, gout, which seriously affects the normal life of patients, has become increasingly common in modern society. However, the existing medicines cannot completely meet the clinical needs. In the current study, a novel short peptide (named rice-derived-peptide-2 (RDP2), AAAAGAMPK-NH2, 785.97 Da) was isolated and identified from water extract of shelled Oryza sativa fruits, without toxic side effects but excellent stability. Our results indicated that RDP2 (the minimum effective concentration is 5 μg kg-1) induced a significant reduction in serum uric acid levels in hyperuricemic mice via suppressing xanthine oxidase activity and urate transporter 1 expression, as well as alleviated renal damage through inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition, RDP2 can also alleviate paw swelling and inflammatory reactions in mice after subcutaneous injection of monosodium urate crystals. As mentioned above, we obtained a novel peptide which could work through all stages of gout, not only reducing uric acid levels and renal damage in hyperuricemic mice, but also alleviating inflammatory responses associated with acute gout attack, and thus provided a new peptide molecular template for the development of anti-gout drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naixin Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
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Tacias-Pascacio VG, Morellon-Sterling R, Siar EH, Tavano O, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Use of Alcalase in the production of bioactive peptides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:2143-2196. [PMID: 33091472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to cover the uses of the commercially available protease Alcalase in the production of biologically active peptides since 2010. Immobilization of Alcalase has also been reviewed, as immobilization of the enzyme may improve the final reaction design enabling the use of more drastic conditions and the reuse of the biocatalyst. That way, this review presents the production, via Alcalase hydrolysis of different proteins, of peptides with antioxidant, angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory, metal binding, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities (among other bioactivities) and peptides that improve the functional, sensory and nutritional properties of foods. Alcalase has proved to be among the most efficient proteases for this goal, using different protein sources, being especially interesting the use of the protein residues from food industry as feedstock, as this also solves nature pollution problems. Very interestingly, the bioactivities of the protein hydrolysates further improved when Alcalase is used in a combined way with other proteases both in a sequential way or in a simultaneous hydrolysis (something that could be related to the concept of combi-enzymes), as the combination of proteases with different selectivities and specificities enable the production of a larger amount of peptides and of a smaller size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veymar G Tacias-Pascacio
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Alimentos, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Lib. Norte Pte. 1150, 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico; Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Carretera Panamericana Km. 1080, 29050 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico.
| | | | - El-Hocine Siar
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Equipe TEPA, Laboratoire LNTA, INATAA, Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Olga Tavano
- Faculty of Nutrition, Alfenas Federal Univ., 700 Gabriel Monteiro da Silva St, Alfenas, MG 37130-000, Brazil
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, ICP-CSIC, Campus UAM-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, Member of the External Scientific Advisory Board, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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29
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Liu N, Wang Y, Zeng L, Yin S, Hu Y, Li S, Fu Y, Zhang X, Xie C, Shu L, Li Y, Sun H, Yang M, Sun J, Yang X. RDP3, A Novel Antigout Peptide Derived from Water Extract of Rice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7143-7151. [PMID: 32543191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gout and hyperuricemia can seriously affect the quality of life; at present, however, existing medicines are unable to meet all clinical needs. In the current study, a novel peptide (i.e., rice-derived-peptide-3 (RDP3), AAAAMAGPK-NH2, 785.97 Da) in water extract obtained from shelled Oryza sativa fruits was identified. Testing revealed that RDP3 (minimum effective concentration 100 μg/kg) did not show both hemolytic and acute toxicity, and reduced uric acid levels in the serum of hyperuricemic mice by inhibiting xanthine oxidase activity and decreasing urate transporter 1 expression. RDP3 also alleviated renal injury in hyperuricemic mice by decreasing NLRP3 inflammasome expression. Furthermore, RDP3 alleviated formalin-induced paw pain and reduced monosodium urate crystal-induced paw swelling and inflammatory factors in mice. Thus, this newly identified peptide reduced uric acid levels and renal damage in hyperuricemic mice and showed anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, indicating the potential of RDP3 as an antigout medicine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naixin Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicine Resource, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethno-Medicine and Ethno-Pharmacy, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Public Technical Service Center, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Saige Yin
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinping Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Chun Xie
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Longjun Shu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicine Resource, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethno-Medicine and Ethno-Pharmacy, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650504, Yunnan, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Huiling Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Meifeng Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
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30
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Han J, Wang X, Tang S, Lu C, Wan H, Zhou J, Li Y, Ming T, Wang ZJ, Su X. Protective effects of tuna meat oligopeptides (TMOP) supplementation on hyperuricemia and associated renal inflammation mediated by gut microbiota. FASEB J 2020; 34:5061-5076. [PMID: 32043638 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902597rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, interest in using whole food-derived mixtures to alleviate chronic metabolic syndrome through potential synergistic interactions among different components is increasing. In this study, the effects and mechanisms of tuna meat oligopeptides (TMOP) on hyperuricemia and associated renal inflammation were investigated in mice. Dietary administration of TMOP alleviated hyperuricemia and renal inflammation phenotypes, reprogramed uric acid metabolism pathways, inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways, and suppressed the phosphorylation of p65-NF-κB. In addition, TMOP treatments repaired the intestinal epithelial barrier, reversed the gut microbiota dysbiosis and increased the production of short-chain fatty acids. Moreover, the antihyperuricemia effects of TMOP were transmissible by transplanting the fecal microbiota from TMOP-treated mice, indicating that the protective effects were at least partially mediated by the gut microbiota. Thus, for the first time, we clarify the potential effects of TMOP as a whole food derived ingredient on alleviating hyperuricemia and renal inflammation in mice, and additional efforts are needed to confirm the beneficial effects of TMOP on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Han
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shasha Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chenyang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Haitao Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ye Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Tinghong Ming
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Zaijie Jim Wang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, USA
| | - Xiurong Su
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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31
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Wan H, Han J, Tang S, Bao W, Lu C, Zhou J, Ming T, Li Y, Su X. Comparisons of protective effects between two sea cucumber hydrolysates against diet induced hyperuricemia and renal inflammation in mice. Food Funct 2020; 11:1074-1086. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02425e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Differences in the anti-hyperuricemic and anti-inflammation effects between two sea cucumber hydrolysates in diet induced hyperuricemic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
- School of Marine Science
| | - Jiaojiao Han
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
- School of Marine Science
| | - Shasha Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
- School of Marine Science
| | - Wei Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
- School of Marine Science
| | - Chenyang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
- School of Marine Science
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
- School of Marine Science
| | - Tinghong Ming
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
- School of Marine Science
| | - Ye Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
- School of Marine Science
| | - Xiurong Su
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products
- Ningbo University
- Ningbo
- China
- School of Marine Science
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32
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Tryptophan residue enhances in vitro walnut protein-derived peptides exerting xanthine oxidase inhibition and antioxidant activities. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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33
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Liu N, Wang Y, Yang M, Bian W, Zeng L, Yin S, Xiong Z, Hu Y, Wang S, Meng B, Sun J, Yang X. New Rice-Derived Short Peptide Potently Alleviated Hyperuricemia Induced by Potassium Oxonate in Rats. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:220-228. [PMID: 30562028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gout that caused by hyperuricemia affects human health seriously and more efficient drugs are urgently required clinically. In this study, a novel peptide named RDP1 (AAAAGAKAR, 785.91 Da) was identified from the extract of shelled fruits of Oryza sativa. Our results demonstrated that RDP1 (the minimum effective concentration is 10 μg/kg) could significantly reduce the serum uric acid and creatinine and alleviate hyperuricemic nephropathy in rats by intragastric administration. RDP1 inhibited xanthine oxidase, which also was verified at the animal level. Results from molecular docking indicated that RDP1 can inhibit uric acid formation by occupying the binding site of xanthine oxidase to xanthine. Besides, RDP1 showed no toxicity on rats and was stable in several temperatures, demonstrating its advantages for transportation. This research was the first discovery of antihyperuricemic peptide from the shelled fruits of O. Sativa and provided a new candidate for the development of hypouricemic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naixin Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science , Kunming Medical University , Kunming 650500 , Yunnan , China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicine Resource, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy , Yunnan MinZu University , Kunming 650500 , Yunnan , China
| | - Meifeng Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science , Kunming Medical University , Kunming 650500 , Yunnan , China
| | - Wenxin Bian
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science , Kunming Medical University , Kunming 650500 , Yunnan , China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Public Technical Service Center, Kunming Institute of Zoology , Chinese Academy of Science , Kunming 650223 , Yunnan , China
| | - Saige Yin
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science , Kunming Medical University , Kunming 650500 , Yunnan , China
| | - Ziqian Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science , Kunming Medical University , Kunming 650500 , Yunnan , China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science , Kunming Medical University , Kunming 650500 , Yunnan , China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicine Resource, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy , Yunnan MinZu University , Kunming 650500 , Yunnan , China
| | - Buliang Meng
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science , Kunming Medical University , Kunming 650500 , Yunnan , China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science , Kunming Medical University , Kunming 650500 , Yunnan , China
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science , Kunming Medical University , Kunming 650500 , Yunnan , China
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34
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Zhang Y, Li Q, Wang F, Xing C. A zebrafish (danio rerio) model for high-throughput screening food and drugs with uric acid-lowering activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 508:494-498. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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35
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He W, Su G, Sun-Waterhouse D, Waterhouse GI, Zhao M, Liu Y. In vivo anti-hyperuricemic and xanthine oxidase inhibitory properties of tuna protein hydrolysates and its isolated fractions. Food Chem 2019; 272:453-461. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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36
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Liu Y, Zou J, Zhao Y, Sun-Waterhouse D, Zhao M, Su G. Antihyperuricemic effect of tuna protein hydrolysate and derived products after in vitro
digestion or Maillard reaction on oteracil potassium-induced hyperuricemia rats. Int J Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center; Guangzhou 510650 China
| | - Jing Zou
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center; Guangzhou 510650 China
| | - Yaqi Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center; Guangzhou 510650 China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center; Guangzhou 510650 China
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center; Guangzhou 510650 China
| | - Guowan Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 China
- Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center; Guangzhou 510650 China
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37
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Li Y, Kang X, Li Q, Shi C, Lian Y, Yuan E, Zhou M, Ren J. Anti-hyperuricemic peptides derived from bonito hydrolysates based on in vivo hyperuricemic model and in vitro xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity. Peptides 2018; 107:45-53. [PMID: 30077718 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Traditional drugs used to treat hyperuricemia have adverse effects. In this study, to identify safer anti-hyperuricemic bioactive peptides isolated from food-derived protein hydrolysates, a hyperuricemia rat model induced by potassium oxonate (PO) was used to evaluate the activity of bonito hydrolysates (BH), dephenolised walnut hydrolysates (DWH), and soybean hydrolysates (SH). The serum uric acid level of rats in the BH group (95.4 ± 27.4 μM, p < 0.01) was significantly reduced compared to that in the model group (212.00 ± 30.00 μM) to a level even lower than that in allopurinol group (114.3 ± 53.0 μM). Furthermore, BH alleviated renal impairment caused by PO in vivo and exhibited the greatest xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory activity (65.5 ± 8.0%) in vitro compared to the other hydrolysates. Two peptides identified from BH bound the catalytic site of XOD, among which the hydrophobic peptide WML entered the active site of XOD more easily compared to the hydrophilic peptide PGACSN, possibly because of hydrophobic interactions. The chemically synthesized WML demonstrated high XOD inhibitory effect compared to PGACSN and a significant change in the secondary structure of XOD. Therefore, hexapeptide PGACSN and tripeptide WML are partially responsible for the anti-hyperuricemic activity of BH, and hydrophobic amino acids play important roles in the XOD inhibitory activity of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiaoyan Kang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Qingyong Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chuanchao Shi
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yingyi Lian
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Erdong Yuan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou Knowledge City, China
| | - Mao Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Sino-Singapore International Joint Research Institute, Guangzhou Knowledge City, China.
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38
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Ding X, Kong X, Chen Y, Zhang C, Hua Y, Li X. Selective Extraction and Antioxidant Properties of Thiol-Containing Peptides in Soy Glycinine Hydrolysates. Molecules 2018; 23:E1909. [PMID: 30065200 PMCID: PMC6222310 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23081909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly selective procedure to extract thiol-containing peptides (TCPs) from complicated soy glycinin hydrolysates (SGHs) was described. This procedure included the reduction of disulfide bonds by 1,4-dithiothreitol (DTT) and enrichment of TCPs through Thiopropyl-Sephrose 6B covalent chromatography. TCPs were confirmed using a strategy based on mass shift after differential alkylation of sulfhydryl groups with iodoacetamide and N-ethylmaleimide by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). The antioxidant activities of TCPs were evaluated using chemical assays. DTT reduction increased the concentration of sulfhydryl groups from 1.8 μmol/g to 113.8 μmol/g. The efficiency of the extraction was improved by optimizing the loading of sample, extraction and desorption time and the content of desorption reagent. Both of the adsorption and desorption process were found to fit a pseudo-second order model. MALDI-TOF-MS showed that 36 of the 45 extracted peptides were TCPs. The EC50 of TCPs for DPPH, hydroxyl radical, and superoxide anion radical was 0.1, 1.49 and 0.084 mg/mL, respectively. The reducing power of TCPs (0.2 mg/mL) was of 0.375. These results suggest that the combination of DTT reduction and Thiopropyl-Sepharose 6B covalent chromatograph was a successful pathway to extract TCPs from SGHs and the TCPs could be used as potential antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhen Ding
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, Grain Process Engineering and Technology Center In Shandong Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Avenue, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Xiangzhen Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Yeming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Caimeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Yufei Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control in Shandong Province, Grain Process Engineering and Technology Center In Shandong Province, School of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Avenue, Taian 271018, China.
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39
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Sato K. Structure, Content, and Bioactivity of Food-Derived Peptides in the Body. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:3082-3085. [PMID: 29510024 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Orally administered peptides are assumed to be degraded into amino acids in the body. However, our recent studies revealed some food-derived prolyl and pyroglutamyl peptides with 2-3 amino acid residues in the blood of humans and animals, while most of the peptides in the endoproteinase digest of food protein are degraded by exopeptidase. Some food-derived dipeptides in the body display in vitro and in vivo biological activities. These facts indicate that the biological activities of food-derived peptides in the body rather than those in food are crucial to understanding the mechanism of the beneficial effects of orally administered peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sato
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture , Kyoto University , Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho , Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502 , Japan
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40
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Tao J, Zhao YQ, Chi CF, Wang B. Bioactive Peptides from Cartilage Protein Hydrolysate of Spotless Smoothhound and Their Antioxidant Activity In Vitro. Mar Drugs 2018; 16:md16040100. [PMID: 29565311 PMCID: PMC5923387 DOI: 10.3390/md16040100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the experiment, crude proteins from spotless smoothhound (Mustelus griseus), cartilages were isolated by HCl-Guanidine buffer, and its hydrolysate was prepared using trypsin at pH 8.0, 40 °C with a total enzyme dose of 2.5%. Subsequently, three antioxidant peptides were purified from the hydrolysate using membrane ultrafiltration, anion-exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, and reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The amino acid sequences of isolated peptides were identified as Gly-Ala-Glu-Arg-Pro (MCPE-A); Gly-Glu-Arg-Glu-Ala-Asn-Val-Met (MCPE-B); and Ala-Glu-Val-Gly (MCPE-C) with molecular weights of 528.57, 905.00, and 374.40 Da, respectively, using protein amino acid sequence analyzer and mass spectrum. MCPE-A, MCPE-B and MCPE-C exhibited good scavenging activities on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals (DPPH•) (EC50 3.73, 1.87, and 2.30 mg/mL, respectively), hydroxyl radicals (HO•) (EC50 0.25, 0.34, and 0.06 mg/mL, respectively), 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radicals (ABTS+•) (EC50 0.10, 0.05, and 0.07 mg/mL, respectively) and superoxide anion radicals (O2−•) (EC50 0.09, 0.33, and 0.18 mg/mL, respectively). MCPE-B showed similar inhibiting ability on lipid peroxidation with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in a linoleic acid model system. Furthermore, MCPE-A, MCPE-B, and MCPE-C could protect H2O2-induced HepG2 cells from oxidative stress by decreasing the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) and increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione reductase (GSH-Rx). Glu, Gly, Met, and Pro in their sequences and low molecular weight could be attributed to the antioxidant activities of three isolated peptides. These results suggested that GAERP (MCPE-A), GEREANVM (MCPE-B), and AEVG (MCPE-C) from cartilage protein hydrolysate of spotless smoothhound might serve as potential antioxidants and be used in the pharmaceutical and health food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tao
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1st Haidanan Road, Changzhi Island, Lincheng, Zhoushan 316022, China.
| | - Yu-Qin Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1st Haidanan Road, Changzhi Island, Lincheng, Zhoushan 316022, China.
| | - Chang-Feng Chi
- National and Provincial Joint Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Marine Aquatic Genetic Resources, National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1st Haidanan Road, Changzhi Island, Lincheng, Zhoushan 316022, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Biomedical Products, School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, 1st Haidanan Road, Changzhi Island, Lincheng, Zhoushan 316022, China.
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Su G, He W, Zhao M, Waterhouse GI, Sun-Waterhouse D. Effect of different buffer systems on the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of tuna ( Katsuwonus pelamis ) protein hydrolysate. Food Res Int 2018; 105:556-562. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Li Q, Kang X, Shi C, Li Y, Majumder K, Ning Z, Ren J. Moderation of hyperuricemia in rats via consuming walnut protein hydrolysate diet and identification of new antihyperuricemic peptides. Food Funct 2018; 9:107-116. [DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01174a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Walnut-derived antihyperuricemic peptides were purified and identified based on decreasing serum uric acid level and inhibiting xanthine oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyong Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Xiaoyan Kang
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Chuanchao Shi
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Yujuan Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Kaustav Majumder
- Food Science & Technology Department
- University of Nebraska–Lincoln
- USA
| | - Zhengxiang Ning
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
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43
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Li X, Song P, Li J, Wang P, Li G. Relationship between hyperuricemia and dietary risk factors in Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study. Rheumatol Int 2015; 35:2079-89. [PMID: 26143162 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-015-3315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies focusing on identification of dietary risk factors for hyperuricemia reported controversial findings. Moreover, evidence for relationship between hyperuricemia and eating and cooking habits remained scanty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between hyperuricemia and dietary risk factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1583 participants in a Beijing community. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests were also performed. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 14.1 % (20.2 % for males and 7.4 % for females). Among the 1372 subjects included for analysis, 720 (52.5 %) were males and the mean age was 37.7 years. For males, statistically significant associations between hyperuricemia and tea intake, breakfast and midnight snack consumption were found, with an odds ratio of 0.56 (high vs. low), 2.14 (often vs. always) and 0.52 (rarely vs. always), respectively. Smoking, fatty liver disease, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and fasting blood glucose were significantly related to increased serum uric acid (SUA), with a coefficient of 20.06, 11.52, 7.29, 18.97 and 13.37 on SUA, respectively. For females, no statistically significant associations between hyperuricemia and dietary risk factors were observed. In summary, hyperuricemia is highly prevalent among the adult participants in this Chinese community, especially for men. High tea intake and consuming midnight snack rarely are significantly related to decreased risk of hyperuricemia, while often-eating breakfast is associated with increased risk of hyperuricemia compared with always-eating breakfast in males. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm the findings and to establish dietary recommendations for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Center for Population Health Science, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Peige Song
- School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Junping Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xingtai Medical College, 618 Gangtie Road, Xingtai, 054000, Hebei, China
| | - Peiyu Wang
- School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guowei Li
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada.
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