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Shen P, Jiang X, Zhang J, Wang J, Raj R, Li G, Ge H, Wang W, Yu B, Zhang J. Isolation and microbial transformation of tea sapogenin from seed pomace of Camellia oleifera with anti-inflammatory effects. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:280-288. [PMID: 38553195 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60598-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
In the current study, tea saponin, identified as the primary bioactive constituent in seed pomace of Camellia oleifera Abel., was meticulously extracted and hydrolyzed to yield five known sapogenins: 16-O-tiglogycamelliagnin B (a), camelliagnin A (b), 16-O-angeloybarringtogenol C (c), theasapogenol E (d), theasapogenol F (e). Subsequent biotransformation of compound a facilitated the isolation of six novel metabolites (a1-a6). The anti-inflammatory potential of these compounds was assessed using pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns molecules (DAMPs)-mediated cellular inflammation models. Notably, compounds b and a2 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on both lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)-induced inflammation, surpassing the efficacy of the standard anti-inflammatory agent, carbenoxolone. Conversely, compounds d, a3, and a6 selectivity targeted endogenous HMGB1-induced inflammation, showcasing a pronounced specificity. These results underscore the therapeutic promise of C. oleifera seed pomace-derived compounds as potent agents for the management of inflammatory diseases triggered by infections and tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xuewa Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Richa Raj
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Guolong Li
- Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization by Shaanxi & Education Ministry, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China
| | - Haixia Ge
- School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Ding N, Lei A, Shi Z, Xiang L, Wei B, Wu Y. Total Flavonoids from Camellia oleifera Alleviated Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Induced Lung Injury via Inhibition of the TLR2-Mediated NF-κB and MAPK Pathways. Molecules 2023; 28:7077. [PMID: 37894556 PMCID: PMC10609408 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is an atypical bacterial pathogen responsible for community-acquired pneumonia primarily among school-aged children and young adults. Camellia oleifera (C. oleifera) has been used as a medicinal and edible plant in China for centuries, the constituents from which possessed various bioactivities. Notably, flavonoids existing in residues of C. oleifera defatted seeds exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activities. In the present study, we investigated the impact of total flavonoids from C. oleifera (TFCO) seed extract on M. pneumoniae pneumonia. TFCO was obtained using multiple column chromatography methods and identified as kaempferol glycosides via UPLC-HRESIMS. In a M. pneumoniae pneumonia mouse model, TFCO significantly reduced the lung damage, suppressed IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α production, and curbed TLR2 activation triggered by M. pneumoniae. Similarly, in RAW264.7 macrophage cells stimulated by lipid-associated membrane proteins (LAMPs), TFCO suppressed the generation of proinflammatory cytokines and TLR2 expression. Moreover, TFCO diminished the phosphorylation of IκBα, JNK, ERK, p38, and p65 nuclear translocation in vitro. In conclusion, TFCO alleviated M. pneumoniae-induced lung damage via inhibition of TLR2-mediated NF-κB and MAPK pathways, suggesting its potential therapeutic application in M. pneumoniae-triggered lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ding
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China (A.L.)
| | - Aihua Lei
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China (A.L.)
| | - Zhisheng Shi
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China (A.L.)
| | - Lin Xiang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China (A.L.)
| | - Bo Wei
- Research Lab of Translational Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Yimou Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pathogenic Biology, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China (A.L.)
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Duarte GM, de Araújo FEA, da Rocha JMC, Idalina Neta F, do Rego ACM, Araújo Filho I, Pinheiro FI, de Azevedo EP, Cobucci RN, Guzen FP. Neuroprotective Potential of Seed Extracts: Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112502. [PMID: 37299465 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by neuronal dysfunction and death. Studies suggest that some seed extracts have a neuroprotective effect. Considering the increased incidence of these diseases and the need for new effective therapies with fewer side effects, this review aimed to assess the evidence of the efficacy and safety of seed extracts in experimental models of neurodegeneration. MATERIAL AND METHOD The search was carried out through studies published between 2000 and 2021 in Science Direct, PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Latin American Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) databases, in which the effects of seed extracts in in vitro and in vivo experimental models of neurodegeneration were investigated. Based on the eligibility criteria, 47 studies were selected for this review. RESULTS In the in vitro models, the neuroprotection of the seed extracts was a result of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. In the in vivo models, neuroprotection resulted from the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, a decrease in motor deficits, an improvement in learning and memory, as well as the increased release of neurotransmitters. The results show promise for the future of clinical research on new therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. However, the studies are still limited, which does not allow us to extrapolate the results to human beings with ND. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, clinical trials are needed in order to prove the results of the in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as to assess the ideal, safe, and effective dose of these seed extracts in patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Mendes Duarte
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
| | | | | | - Francisca Idalina Neta
- Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59610-210, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59610-210, Brazil
| | | | - Irami Araújo Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
- Medical School, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-180, Brazil
- Department of Surgical, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-180, Brazil
| | - Francisco Irochima Pinheiro
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
- Medical School, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Pereira de Azevedo
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Ney Cobucci
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
- Medical School, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
- Department of Surgical, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-180, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Science Applied to Women's Health, Medical School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59010-180, Brazil
| | - Fausto Pierdoná Guzen
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Health School, Potiguar University (UnP), Natal 59056-000, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59610-210, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59610-210, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Society, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró 59610-110, Brazil
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Yang L, Xie GL, Ma JL, Huang XQ, Gu Y, Huang L, Chen HY, Ouyang XL. Phytochemical constituents of Camellia osmantha fruit cores with antithrombotic activity. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1510-1519. [PMID: 35592273 PMCID: PMC9094467 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Camellia osmantha is a new species of the genus Camellia and is an economically important ornamental plant. Its activity and ingredients are less studied than other Camellia plants. This study investigated the antithrombotic effect and chemical components of C. osmantha fruit cores using platelet aggregation assays and coagulation function tests. The cores of C. osmantha fruits were extracted with ethanol to obtain a crude extract. The extract was dissolved in water and further eluted with different concentrations of methanol on an MCI resin column to obtain three fractions. These samples were used for antithrombotic activity tests and phytochemical analysis. The results showed that the extract and its fractions of C. osmantha have strong antithrombotic activity, significantly reducing the platelet aggregation rate and prolonging the thrombin time (TT). The total saponins, flavonoids, and polyphenols in the active fractions may be responsible for the antithrombotic activity. The chemical constituents were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF/MS). Twenty-three compounds were identified rapidly and accurately. Among them, ellagic acid, naringenin, and quercetin 3-O-glucuronide may be important antithrombotic constituents. Furthermore, interactions between these compounds and the P2Y1 receptor were investigated via molecular modeling, because the P2Y1 receptor is a key drug target of antiplatelet aggregative activity. The molecular docking results suggested that these compounds could combine tightly with the P2Y1R protein. Our results showed that C. osmantha fruit cores are rich in polyphenols, flavonoids, and saponins, which can be developed into a promising antithrombotic functional beverage for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute Nanning China
| | - Gui-Liang Xie
- Department of Pharmacy Gannan Healthcare Vocational College Ganzhou China
| | - Jin-Lin Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute Nanning China
| | - Xiao-Qiong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy Gannan Healthcare Vocational College Ganzhou China
| | - Yao Gu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute Nanning China
| | - Lei Huang
- College of Public Health and Management Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities Baise China
| | - Hai-Yan Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research Institute Nanning China
| | - Xi-Lin Ouyang
- Department of Pharmacy Gannan Healthcare Vocational College Ganzhou China
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Liu ZY, Tang XY, Huang C, Zhang J, Huang WQ, Ye Y. 808 nm NIR-triggered Camellia sapogein/curcumin based antibacterial upconversion nanoparticles for synergistic photodynamic-chemical combined therapy. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01569a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Antibacterial upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP) based photodynamic-chemical combined therapy (UCNP-aPCCT) provides an ideal method to solve the antibiotic-resistant bacteria in deep-tissue infection. Saponin is a kind natural product exhibiting promising antibacterial...
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The Positive Role and Mechanism of Herbal Medicine in Parkinson's Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:9923331. [PMID: 34567415 PMCID: PMC8457986 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9923331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease, manifested by the progressive functional impairment of the midbrain nigral dopaminergic neurons. Due to the unclear underlying pathogenesis, disease-modifying drugs for PD remain elusive. In Asia, such as in China and India, herbal medicines have been used in the treatment of neurodegenerative disease for thousands of years, which recently attracted considerable attention because of the development of curative drugs for PD. In this review, we first summarized the pathogenic factors of PD including protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, ion accumulation, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress, and the related recent advances. Secondly, we summarized 32 Chinese herbal medicines (belonging to 24 genera, such as Acanthopanax, Alpinia, and Astragalus), 22 Chinese traditional herbal formulations, and 3 Indian herbal medicines, of which the ethanol/water extraction or main bioactive compounds have been extensively investigated on PD models both in vitro and in vivo. We elaborately provided pictures of the representative herbs and the structural formula of the bioactive components (such as leutheroside B and astragaloside IV) of the herbal medicines. Also, we specified the potential targets of the bioactive compounds or extractions of herbs in view of the signaling pathways such as PI3K, NF-κB, and AMPK which are implicated in oxidative and inflammatory stress in neurons. We consider that this knowledge of herbal medicines or their bioactive components can be favorable for the development of disease-modifying drugs for PD.
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7
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Recent advances in Camellia oleifera Abel: A review of nutritional constituents, biofunctional properties, and potential industrial applications. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Zhang S, Yu Z, Xia J, Zhang X, Liu K, Sik A, Jin M. Anti-Parkinson's disease activity of phenolic acids from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver leaf extracts and their autophagy activation mechanism. Food Funct 2020; 11:1425-1440. [PMID: 31971191 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02288k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, the preventative or therapeutic agents for the treatment of PD are limited. Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (EuO) is widely used as a traditional herb to treat various diseases. EuO bark extracts have been reported to possess anti-PD activity. Here, we investigated whether extracts of EuO leaves (EEuOL) also have therapeutic effects on PD since similar components and clinical applications have been found between barks and leaves of this tree. We identified the chemical composition of EEuOL by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS and tested the anti-PD effect of EEuOL using the zebrafish PD model. As a result, 28 compounds including 3 phenolic acids, 7 flavonoids, and 9 iridoids were identified. EEuOL significantly reversed the loss of dopaminergic neurons and neural vasculature and reduced the number of apoptotic cells in zebrafish brain in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, EEuOL relieved locomotor impairments in MPTP-modeled PD zebrafish. We also investigated the underlying mechanism and found that EEuOL may activate autophagy, contributing to α-synuclein degradation, therefore alleviating PD-like symptoms. Molecular docking simulation implied the interaction between autophagy regulators (Pink1, Beclin1, Ulk2, and Atg5) and phenolic acids of EEuOL, affirming the involvement of autophagy in EEuOL-exerted anti-PD action. The overall results indicated the anti-PD effect of EEuOL, opening the possibility to use the extract in PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 28789 East Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250103, Shandong Province, P.R. China.
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Zhang J, Tang X, Huang C, Liu Z, Ye Y. Oleic Acid Copolymer as A Novel Upconversion Nanomaterial to Make Doxorubicin-Loaded Nanomicelles with Dual Responsiveness to pH and NIR. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12070680. [PMID: 32698309 PMCID: PMC7408047 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleic acid (OA) as main component of plant oil is an important solvent but seldom used in the nanocarrier of anticancer drugs because of strong hydrophobicity and little drug release. In order to develop a new type of OA nanomaterial with dual responses to pH and near infrared light (NIR) to achieve the intelligent delivery of anticancer drugs. The novel OA copolymer (mPEG-PEI-(NBS, OA)) was synthesized by grafting OA and o-nitrobenzyl succinate (NBS) onto mPEGylated polyethyleneimine (mPEG-PEI) by amidation reaction. It was further conjugated with NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ nanoparticles, and encapsulated doxorubicin (DOX) through self-assembly to make upconversion nanomicelles with dual response to pH and NIR. Drug release behavior of DOX, physicochemical characteristics of the nanomicelles were evaluated, along with its cytotoxic profile, as well as the degree of cellular uptake in A549 cells. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading capacity of DOX in the nanomicelles were 73.84% ± 0.58% and 4.62% ± 0.28%, respectively, and the encapsulated DOX was quickly released in an acidic environment exposed to irradiation at 980 nm. The blank nanomicelles exhibited low cytotoxicity and excellent biocompatibility by MTT assay against A549 cells. The DOX-loaded nanomicelles showed remarkable cytotoxicity to A549 cells under NIR, and promoted the cellular uptake of DOX into the cytoplasm and nucleus of cancer cells. OA copolymer can effectively deliver DOX to cancer cells and achieve tumor targeting through a dual response to pH and NIR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yong Ye
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-87110234
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10
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Zhu C, Zhang M, Tang Q, Yang Q, Li J, He X, Ye Y. Structure and Activity of the Camellia oleifera Sapogenin Derivatives on Growth and Biofilm Inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:14143-14151. [PMID: 31469956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sapogenin is the main block of Camellia oleifera saponin, which was purified and structurally modified by the C28 acylation reaction to synthesize 19 new derivatives. The growth and biofilm inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was measured to evaluate their antibacterial effects. A three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) assay indicated that the antibacterial activities were significantly enhanced after sapogenin was modified with an aromatic ring or heterocyclic ring and electron-withdrawing substituents at the meta or para position. Among them, the derivative of sapogenin with a 2-mercapto-4-methyl-5-thiazolyl acetyl group obviously destroyed bacterial biofilm and made bacteria lysis. 3D-QSAR provides practical information for the structural design of sapogenin derivatives with strong antibacterial activity, and the C. oleifera sapogenin derivative 28-O-(2-mercapto-4-methyl-5-thiazolyl)-3β,16α,21β,22α-O-tetrahydroxy-oleantel-2-ene-23-aldehyde (S-16) is an effective candidate as an antibacterial agent for the prevention of bacterial resistance against antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510640 , People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510640 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoling Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510640 , People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510640 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510640 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan He
- Gannan Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center for Gannan Oil-Tea Camellia Industrial Development , Ganzhou , Jiangxi 341000 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510640 , People's Republic of China
- Gannan Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center for Gannan Oil-Tea Camellia Industrial Development , Ganzhou , Jiangxi 341000 , People's Republic of China
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11
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Guo N, Tong T, Ren N, Tu Y, Li B. Saponins from seeds of Genus Camellia: Phytochemistry and bioactivity. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 149:42-55. [PMID: 29459215 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Camellia seeds have been traditionally used as oil raw materials in Asia, and are known for a wide spectrum of applications. Oleanane-type triterpene saponins are the major specialised metabolites in Camellia seeds, and more than seventy saponins have been isolated and characterized. These natural compounds have caught much attention due to their various biological and pharmacological activities, including modulation of gastrointestinal system, anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-microorganism, antioxidation, neuroprotection, hypolipidemic effects, foaming and detergence, as well as helping the accumulation of pollutants by plants. These compounds have a promising application in medicine, agriculture, industry and environmental protection. The present paper summarized the information from current publications on Camellia seed saponins, with a focus on the advances made in chemical structures, determination methods, bioactivities and toxicity. We hope this article will stimulate further investigations on these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Guo
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tuantuan Tong
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ning Ren
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Youying Tu
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Tea Science, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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12
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Cui C, Zong J, Sun Y, Zhang L, Ho CT, Wan X, Hou R. Triterpenoid saponins from the genus Camellia: structures, biological activities, and molecular simulation for structure–activity relationship. Food Funct 2018; 9:3069-3091. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00755a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the isolation, chemical identification, and biochemical activities of Camellia triterpenoid saponins, updating a previous review and encompassing all new studies through September 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization; International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Jianfa Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization; International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization; International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization; International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Chi-Tang Ho
- Rutgers University
- Food Science Department
- New Brunswick
- USA 08901-8520
| | - Xiaochun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization; International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
| | - Ruyan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization; International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects
- School of Tea and Food Science & Technology
- Anhui Agricultural University
- Hefei
- P. R. China
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13
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Yang Q, Zhao C, Zhao J, Ye Y. Synthesis and neuroprotective effects of the complex nanoparticles of iron and sapogenin isolated from the defatted seeds of Camellia oleifera. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:428-434. [PMID: 27937035 PMCID: PMC6130765 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1245346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The defatted seeds of Camellia oleifera var. monosperma Hung T. Chang (Theaceae) are currently discarded without effective utilization. However, sapogenin has been isolated and shows antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities suggestive of its neuroprotective function. OBJECTIVE In order to improve the activities of sapogenin, the nanoparticles of iron-sapogenin have been synthesized, and the neuroprotective effects are evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Structural characters of the nanoparticles were analyzed, and the antioxidant effect was assessed by DPPH method, and the neuroprotective effect was evaluated by rotenone-induced neurodegeneration in Kunming mice injected subcutaneously into the back of neck with rotenone (50 mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks and then treated by tail intravenous injection with the iron-sapogenin at the dose of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg for 7 days. Mice behaviour and neurotransmitters were tested. RESULTS The product had an average size of 162 nm with spherical shape, and scavenged more than 90% DPPH radicals at 0.8 mg/mL concentration. It decreased behavioural disorder and malondialdehyde content in mice brain, and increased superoxide dismutase activity, tyrosine hydroxylase expression, dopamine and acetylcholine levels in brain in dose dependence, and their maximum changes were respectively up to 60.83%, 25.17%, 22.13%, 105.26%, 42.17% and 22.89% as compared to vehicle group. Iron-sapogenin nanoparticle shows significantly better effects than the sapogenin. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Iron-sapogenin alleviates neurodegeneration of mice injured by neurotoxicity of rotenone, it is a superior candidate of drugs for neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chuang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yong Ye
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
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