1
|
Fazel MF, Abu IF, Mohamad MHN, Mat Daud NA, Hasan AN, Aboo Bakkar Z, Md Khir MAN, Juliana N, Das S, Mohd Razali MR, Zainal Baharin NH, Ismail AA. Physicochemistry, Nutritional, and Therapeutic Potential of Ficus carica - A Promising Nutraceutical. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1947-1968. [PMID: 38831870 PMCID: PMC11146627 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s436446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In an era where synthetic supplements have raised concerns regarding their effects on human health, Ficus carica has emerged as a natural alternative rich in polyphenolic compounds with potent therapeutic properties. Various studies on F. carica focusing on the analysis and validation of its pharmacological and nutritional properties are emerging. This paper summarizes present data and information on the phytochemical, nutritional values, therapeutic potential, as well as the toxicity profile of F. carica. An extensive search was conducted from various databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. A total of 126 studies and articles related to F. carica that were published between 1999 and 2023 were included in this review. Remarkably, F. carica exhibits a diverse array of advantageous effects, including, but not limited to, antioxidant, anti-neurodegenerative, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic, antiepileptic, anticonvulsant, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-angiogenic, antidiabetic, anti-cancer, and antimutagenic properties. Among the highlights include that antioxidants from F. carica were demonstrated to inhibit cholinesterase, potentially protecting neurons in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions. The antimicrobial activities of F. carica were attributed to its high flavonoids and terpenoids content, while its virucidal action through the inhibition of DNA and RNA replication was postulated due to its triterpenes content. Inflammatory and arthritic conditions may also benefit from its anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties through the modulation of various signalling proteins. Studies have also shown that F. carica extracts were generally safe and exhibit low toxicity profile, although more research in this aspect is required, specifically its effects on the skin. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of F. carica as a valuable natural therapeutic agent and dietary supplement. However, continued exploration on F. carica's safety and efficacy is still required prior to embarking on clinical trials, as its role in personalized nutrition and medication will open a new paradigm to improve health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fattah Fazel
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Izuddin Fahmy Abu
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Haiqal Nizar Mohamad
- Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Alor Gajah, Malacca, Malaysia
| | - Noor Arniwati Mat Daud
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Najib Hasan
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zainie Aboo Bakkar
- Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Alif Naim Md Khir
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norsham Juliana
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Srijit Das
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hurkul MM, Yayla S, Cetinkaya A, Kaya SI, Uzun L, Ozkan SA. A novel electrochemical sensor based on a molecularly imprinted polymer for highly selective and sensitive determination of rutin from herbal supplements and plant extracts. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1480-1488. [PMID: 38372557 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay02318d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Rutin (RUT), a natural flavonoid with various beneficial pharmacological actions such as cardioprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, etc., is found in the content of many plants that are consumed daily. Due to the healthful effects, RUT is also included in the composition of various herbal supplement samples. Therefore, it is highly important to develop a sensor with high selectivity and sensitivity to determine RUT in complex samples. In this study, it was aimed to take advantage of the cheap, easy, and sensitive nature of electrochemistry and, in addition, to improve the selectivity. For this purpose, the functional monomer selected in the fabricated molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was N-methacryloyl-L-aspartic acid (MA-Asp) while photopolymerization (PP) was applied as the polymerization route. After completing critical optimization steps, the developed sensor (MA-Asp@RUT/MIP-GCE) was characterized electrochemically and morphologically. As a result of analytical performance evaluation in standard solution, the linear response of the sensor was found in the concentration range between 1 and 10 pM with a detection limit of 0.269 pM. The recovery studies from plant extract and commercial herbal supplement samples emphasized accuracy and applicability. In imprinting factor studies figuring out quite good selectivity, molecules with a structure similar to RUT were selected as competitors to prove the affinity of the sensor against RUT. Consequently, the MA-Asp@RUT/MIP-GCE sensor offers a more sensitive and selective method thanks to its indirect analysis approach and also stands out with the diversity of its real sample application compared to other available studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Mesud Hurkul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Seyda Yayla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara, Turkey.
- Ankara University, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Cetinkaya
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - S Irem Kaya
- University of Health Sciences, Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Lokman Uzun
- Department of Chemistry, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel A Ozkan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wei L, Hu Q, He L, Li G, Zhang J, Chen Y. Diversity in storage age enables discrepancy in quality attributes and metabolic profile of Citrus grandis "Tomentosa" in China. J Food Sci 2024; 89:1454-1472. [PMID: 38258880 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The folk proverb "the older, the better" is usually used to describe the quality of Citrus grandis "Tomentosa" (CGT) in China. In this study, CGT aged for 6-, 12-, 16-, and 19-years were collected for the investigation of infusion color, main bioactive components, antioxidant activity, metabolic composition, and pathway. The results found that infusion color, the total phenolic and flavonoid, and antioxidant activity of CGT were obviously changed by aging process. Through untargeted metabolomics, 55 critical metabolites were identified to in discrimination of CGT with different storage ages, mainly including phenylpropanoids, lipids, and organic oxygen compounds. Twenty compounds that showed good linear relationships with storage ages could be used for year prediction of CGT. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment pathway analysis uncovered important metabolic pathways related to the accumulation of naringin, kaempferol, and choline as well as the degradation of benzenoids, thus supporting that aged CGT might be more beneficial to health. Correlation analysis provided that some key metabolites with bitter taste and biological activity were involved in the darkening and reddening of CGT infusion during aging, and total phenolic and flavonoid were more strongly associated with the antioxidant activity of CGT. This study systematically revealed the quality changes and key metabolic pathways during CGT aging at first time. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study reveals the differences in quality attributes and metabolic profile between CGT with different storage ages, providing guidance for consumers' consumption, and also providing more scientific basis for the quality evaluation and improvement of CGT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Wei
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Hu
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei He
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoping Li
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiukai Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abe T, Koyama Y, Nishimura K, Okiura A, Takahashi T. Efficacy and Safety of Fig ( Ficus carica L.) Leaf Tea in Adults with Mild Atopic Dermatitis: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Preliminary Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:4470. [PMID: 36364740 PMCID: PMC9658579 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, recurrent pruritic skin disease with repeated remissions and exacerbations. Various factors, such as allergies, skin conditions and lifestyle, combine to cause AD, making it difficult to cure completely. Although AD symptoms are suppressed with medications, this is a long-term effort and burden on patients. Thus, safer drugs and alternatives are needed. We previously found that consumption of tea prepared from fig (Ficus carica L.) leaves alleviated allergy and AD symptoms in cultured cells and animals. Therefore, here, we conducted a double-blind, randomized, controlled study in patients with mild AD to evaluate the safety and AD-relieving effects of prolonged consumption of fig leaf tea. Positive effects of fig leaf tea consumption were confirmed in 14 of 15 participants. Eczema Area and Severity Index values were significantly lowered in the fig leaf tea-treated group than in the placebo-treated group. The effect weakened 4 weeks after the end of the intervention, suggesting that continued intake of fig leaf tea was effective. Further assessments confirmed the safety of fig leaf tea consumption and revealed no variations that might pose a health hazard. Therefore, we postulate that fig leaf tea is a natural and safe therapeutic option for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Abe
- Toyo Institute of Food Technology, 23-2, 4-Chome, Minami-Hanayashiki, Kawanishi 666-0026, Hyogo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Orqueda ME, Zampini IC, Bravo K, Osorio E, Isla MI. Potential use of Native Fruits Waste from Argentina as Nonconventional Sources of Cosmetic Ingredients. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:5058-5065. [DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Orqueda
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON) Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV‐CONICET‐UNT)
| | - Iris Catiana Zampini
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON) Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV‐CONICET‐UNT)
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML Universidad Nacional de Tucumán San Miguel de Tucumán Tucumán 4000 Argentina
| | - Karent Bravo
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias Universidad de Antioquia Calle 70 No. 52‐21 Medellín Colombia
| | - Edison Osorio
- Grupo de Investigación en Sustancias Bioactivas Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias Universidad de Antioquia Calle 70 No. 52‐21 Medellín Colombia
| | - María Inés Isla
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales (LIPRON) Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV‐CONICET‐UNT)
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML Universidad Nacional de Tucumán San Miguel de Tucumán Tucumán 4000 Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Makoolati Z, Bahrami H, Zamanzadeh Z, Mahaldashtian M, Moulazadeh A, Ebrahimi L, Naghdi M. Efficacy of Ficus carica leaf extract on morphological and molecular behavior of mice germ stem cells. Anim Reprod 2022; 19:e20220036. [PMID: 36060818 PMCID: PMC9417092 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is one of the most prevalent health disorders in reproductive-age males and females. Ficus carica (Fc), an herbal plant, has been used traditionally for the treatment of different diseases such as infertility especially in Iranian folk medicine. This study examined the effects of Fc leaf extract on the proliferation of mice spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Phenolic, flavonoid content, major polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of the extract was evaluated respectively by Folin-Ciocateu, aluminum chloride, HPLC and the FRAP and DPPH methods. Testicular cells of neonate mice were extracted and their identity was confirmed using cytokeratin for Sertoli and Oct-4, CDHI and PLZF for SSCs. Effects of Fc (0.0875, 0.175, 0.35, 0.71 and 1.42 mg/ml) was evaluated at third, 7th, 9th and 14th days of culture by colony assay. The expression of the Mvh, GFRα1 and Oct-4 genes and the viability and proliferation of cultured cells was assessed at the end of the culture period. The extract has a rich phenolic and flavonoid content such as Rutin, Psoralen, Bergapten and Caffeoylmalic acid using HPLC analysis. It also had a potent reducing and radical scavenging activity. Morphology of colonies was similar in all groups. Higher viability, proliferation, colony number and diameter of SSCs was seen in the presence of Fc leaf extract in a dose-dependent manner so that higher number and diameter of colonies were observed in two higher doses of 0.71 and 1.42 mg/ml, separately for each time point relative to other groups. The Mvh, Oct-4 and GFRα1 genes expression had no significant differences between groups. It seems that Fc leaf extract not only had no any cytotoxic effects on the viability and proliferation of SSCs but also support their stemness state. So, this culture system can be employed for enrichment of germ stem cells for use in clinical applications.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wojdyło A, Nowicka P. Profile of Phenolic Compounds of Prunus armeniaca L. Leaf Extract Determined by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and Their Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic, Anti-Cholinesterase, and Anti-Inflammatory Potency. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121869. [PMID: 34942972 PMCID: PMC8698879 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In view of the limited information available in the literature concerning leaves as by-products of Prunus armeniaca cultivation, the aim of this work was to identify and characterize their principal polyphenolic constituents by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and screening in vitro biological potency as antioxidant capacity (ABTS, online ABTS, FRAP, ORAC), antidiabetic (α-amylase, α-glucosidase), anti-obesity (pancreatic lipase), anti-cholinesterase (AChE and BChE), and anti-inflammatory (COX-1 and COX-2) inhibitory activity. Comparison of different polyphenolic extracts of P. armeniaca cultivar leaves according to their quantitative composition revealed them to be exceptional sources of hydroxycinnamic acids, and to a lesser extent as sources of flavonols. Polyphenol-rich apricot leaf extract (PrALe) showed the most effective anti-obesity action through inhibition of pancreatic lipase, COX-1 and antioxidant capacity, especially the oxygen radical absorbance capacity, which was particularly correlated with polyphenolic compounds. Online ABTS radical UPLC-PDA-PDA analysis clearly demonstrated that the three predominant compounds of PrALe are quercetin-3-O-rutinoside > 5-O- and 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid, which basically contribute to antioxidant potential. These results assist in the evaluation of plant sources of potential new raw materials for application in different commercial sectors, especially for food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals production.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li Z, Yang Y, Liu M, Zhang C, Shao J, Hou X, Tian J, Cui Q. A comprehensive review on phytochemistry, bioactivities, toxicity studies, and clinical studies on Ficus carica Linn. leaves. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111393. [PMID: 33761610 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Ficus carica Linn. (FC) have been widely used for medicine purposes since ancient times, and its decoction is consumed as tea. Many scientific papers have been published in the literature and the researchers across the world are still exploring the health benefits of FC leaves. In this review, we have collected the literature published since 2010 in the databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar and local classic herbal literature. The summary of the chemical constituents in FC leaves, biological activities, toxicity studies, and clinical studies carried out on FC leaves is provided in this review. In addition, the molecular mechanisms of the active constituents in FC leaves are also comprehended. FC leaves are reported to 126 constituents out of which the polyphenolic compounds are predominant. Many scientific studies have proven the antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anticholinesterase, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective activities. Many studies have carried out to provide the insights on molecular pathways involved in the biological activities of FC leaves. The toxicity studies have suggested that FC leaves exhibit toxicity only at very high doses. We believe this review serve as a comprehensive resource for those who are interested to understand the scientific evidence that support the medicinal values of FC leaves and also the research gaps to further improve the commercial value and health benefits of FC leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Chenghua Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Junjing Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Xuewen Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jingzhen Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266041, China.
| | - Qinghua Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Qingdao Academy of Chinese Medicinal Sciences Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingdao 266041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sustainable and efficient surfactant-based microwave-assisted extraction of target polyphenols and furanocoumarins from fig (Ficus carica L.) leaves. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
10
|
Tonyali B, Sensoy I, Karakaya S. Effects of processing on onion skin powder added extrudates. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 57:3426-3435. [PMID: 32728290 PMCID: PMC7374643 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04376-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It is possible to enhance the functional properties of extruded products with the inclusion of fruit and vegetable by-products. Onion skin, a rich source of quercetin and fiber, is considered as waste in the industry and can be used as an alternative ingredient to improve the nutritional value of the extruded products. Three levels (3, 6, and 9%) of onion skin powder (OSP) were added to wheat flour and compared with control (0% OSP). The effect of the extrusion process on accessible quercetin, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity of the samples were investigated. In addition, carbohydrate digestibility analyses were conducted for the products. Mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) results indicated that increasing the OSP level increased the quercetin content. The process caused the release of the entrapped quercetin from OSP, which was revealed by significantly higher quercetin levels for the extrudates. Some of the quercetin was lost during in vitro digestion process. Increasing the OSP level increased antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents of the samples. Total phenolic contents decreased significantly after the processing, yet antioxidant activities were not affected. The extruded products showed high amounts of rapidly available glucose (69.5 g/100 g). The OSP enhancement did not change the carbohydrate digestibility of products. The results indicated that the extrusion process could increase the level of accessible bioactive ingredients, and the level of functional compound addition can be optimized further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bade Tonyali
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
- Present Address: Department of Animal Science and Industry, Food Science Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS USA
| | - Ilkay Sensoy
- Department of Food Engineering, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sibel Karakaya
- Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sperm Proteomics Analysis of Diabetic Induced Male Rats as Influenced by Ficus carica Leaf Extract. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8040395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is shown to bring negative effects on male reproductive health due to long-term effects of insulin deficiency or resistance and increased oxidative stress. Ficus carica (FC), an herbal plant, known to have high antioxidant activity and antidiabetic properties, has been used traditionally to treat diabetes. The objective of this study is to determine the potential of the FC leaf extract in improving sperm quality of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic male rats from proteomics perspective. A total of 20 male rats were divided into four groups; normal (nondiabetic rats), negative control (diabetic rats without treatment), positive control (diabetic rats treated with 300 mg/kg metformin), and FC group (diabetic rats treated with 400 mg/kg FC extract). The treatments were given via oral gavage for 21 consecutive days. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) level of FC treated group demonstrated a significant (p < 0.05) decrease compared to negative group after 21 days of treatment, as well as a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the sperm quality parameters compared to negative group. Sperm proteomics analysis on FC treated group also exhibited the increase of total protein expression especially the proteins related to fertility compared to negative group. In conclusion, this study clearly justified that FC extract has good potential as antihyperglycemic and profertility agent that may be beneficial for male diabetic patients who have fertility problems.
Collapse
|
12
|
Nishimura K, Higashiya K, Ueshima N, Abe T, Yasukawa K. Characterization of proteases activities in Ficus carica cultivars. J Food Sci 2020; 85:535-544. [PMID: 32027028 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we characterized protease activities of 23 Ficus carica cultivars. Extracts of fruit, branch, and leaf of Masui Dauphine, one of the most representative F. carica cultivars in Japan, exhibited gelatin-hydrolyzing activity, both in the absence and presence of a cysteine protease-specific inhibitor, E-64, suggesting that not only ficin (classified as cysteine protease) but also collagenase (classified as serine protease) were involved in the digestion of gelatin. In the hydrolysis of (7-methoxycoumarin-4-yl)acetyl-l-Lys-l-Pro-l-Leu-Gly-l-Leu-[N3 -(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-l-2,3-diaminopropionyl]-l-Ala-l-Arg-NH2 , all branch extracts of 23 F. carica cultivars exhibited the activity both in the absence and presence of cysteine protease-specific inhibitor E-64, indicating that they contain ficin and collagenase. During digestion of acid-solubilized type I collagen by the branch extract of Masui Dauphine at 40-55 °C, collagen was completely digested in the absence of E-64, while it was partially digested in the presence of the inhibitor, indicating that the manner of digestion differed between ficin and collagenase contained in the extract. These results suggest that F. carica is attractive for industrial use to digest collagen. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The industrial use of F. carica might be enhanced by efficiently utilizing these proteases and/or selecting the appropriate F. carica cultivar. Collagen is one of the targets to which our results might be applied. It is widely accepted today that collagen and its digestion products could be useful as functional food. F. carica is a potential candidate for use in not only complete but also partial digestion of collagen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosaku Nishimura
- Div. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ., Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,Toyo Inst. of Food Technology, 4-23-2, Minami-Hanayashiki, Kawanishi, Hyogo, 666-0026, Japan
| | - Keisuke Higashiya
- Div. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ., Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Naoki Ueshima
- Div. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ., Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Abe
- Toyo Inst. of Food Technology, 4-23-2, Minami-Hanayashiki, Kawanishi, Hyogo, 666-0026, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yasukawa
- Div. of Food Science and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto Univ., Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qian W, Wu W, Kang Y, Wang Y, Yang P, Deng Y, Ni C, Huang J. Comprehensive identification of minor components and bioassay-guided isolation of an unusual antioxidant from Azolla imbricata using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography—quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with multicomponent knockout and bioactivity evaluation. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1609:460435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
14
|
Villard C, Larbat R, Munakata R, Hehn A. Defence mechanisms of Ficus: pyramiding strategies to cope with pests and pathogens. PLANTA 2019; 249:617-633. [PMID: 30689053 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03098-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ficus species have adapted to diverse environments and pests by developing physical or chemical protection strategies. Physical defences are based on the accumulation of minerals such as calcium oxalate crystals, amorphous calcium carbonates and silica that lead to tougher plants. Additional cellular structures such as non-glandular trichomes or laticifer cells make the leaves rougher or sticky upon injury. Ficus have also established structures that are able to produce specialized metabolites (alkaloids, terpenoids, and phenolics) or proteins (proteases, protease inhibitors, oxidases, and chitinases) that are toxic to predators. All these defence mechanisms are distributed throughout the plant and can differ depending on the genotype, the stage of development or the environment. In this review, we present an overview of these strategies and discuss how these complementary mechanisms enable effective and flexible adaptation to numerous hostile environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cloé Villard
- UMR1121, Université de Lorraine-INRA Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement ENSAIA, 2 Avenue Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Romain Larbat
- UMR1121, Université de Lorraine-INRA Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement ENSAIA, 2 Avenue Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Ryosuke Munakata
- UMR1121, Université de Lorraine-INRA Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement ENSAIA, 2 Avenue Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Alain Hehn
- UMR1121, Université de Lorraine-INRA Laboratoire Agronomie et Environnement ENSAIA, 2 Avenue Forêt de Haye, 54518, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Soltana H, De Rosso M, Lazreg H, Vedova AD, Hammami M, Flamini R. LC-QTOF characterization of non-anthocyanic flavonoids in four Tunisian fig varieties. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:817-823. [PMID: 29859515 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are compounds characterized by antioxidant activity, and their intake in the human diet is considered useful for health and nutrition. Non-anthocyanic flavonoids in 4 different types of Tunisian figs belonging to the smyrna-type Ficus carica varieties known as Kholi, Tchich Asal, Himri, and Bidhi were studied by liquid chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry UHPLC-QqTOF. Twenty-two compounds belonging to the classes of flavanones (naringenin and eriodictyol), flavones (3 apigenin and 5 luteolin derivatives), and flavonols (2 kaempferol and 7 quercetin derivatives) were identified. Three O-methoxy flavonols (tamarixetin, syringetin, and isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside) were found in figs for the first time. Total content of non-anthocyanic flavonoids found in dark varieties (between 410 and 830 mg/kg) show that these F. carica are fruits qualitatively and quantitatively rich of dietary polyphenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hala Soltana
- University of Monastir, Research Laboratory LR12ES05: Lab-NAFS, Faculty of Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Mirko De Rosso
- Viticulture & Oenology (CREA-VE), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Viale XXVIII Aprile 26, Conegliano, TV, 31015, Italy
| | - Houda Lazreg
- University of Monastir, Research Laboratory LR12ES05: Lab-NAFS, Faculty of Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Antonio Dalla Vedova
- Viticulture & Oenology (CREA-VE), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Viale XXVIII Aprile 26, Conegliano, TV, 31015, Italy
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- University of Monastir, Research Laboratory LR12ES05: Lab-NAFS, Faculty of Medicine, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Riccardo Flamini
- Viticulture & Oenology (CREA-VE), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Viale XXVIII Aprile 26, Conegliano, TV, 31015, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kitajima S, Aoki W, Shibata D, Nakajima D, Sakurai N, Yazaki K, Munakata R, Taira T, Kobayashi M, Aburaya S, Savadogo EH, Hibino S, Yano H. Comparative multi-omics analysis reveals diverse latex-based defense strategies against pests among latex-producing organs of the fig tree (Ficus carica). PLANTA 2018. [PMID: 29536219 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2880-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Latexes in immature fruit, young petioles and lignified trunks of fig trees protect the plant using toxic proteins and metabolites in various organ-dependent ways. Latexes from plants contain high amounts of toxic proteins and metabolites, which attack microbes and herbivores after exudation at pest-induced wound sites. The protein and metabolite constituents of latexes are highly variable, depending on the plant species and organ. To determine the diversity of latex-based defense strategies in fig tree (Ficus carica) organs, we conducted comparative proteomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses on latexes isolated from immature fruit, young petioles and lignified trunks of F. carica after constructing a unigene sequence library using RNA-seq data. Trypsin inhibitors were the most abundant proteins in petiole latex, while cysteine proteases ("ficins") were the most abundant in immature fruit and trunk latexes. Galloylglycerol, a possible defense-related metabolite, appeared to be highly accumulated in all three latexes. The expression levels of pathogenesis-related proteins were highest in the latex of trunk, suggesting that this latex had adapted a defensive role against microbe attacks. Although young petioles and immature fruit are both unlignified soft organs, and potential food for herbivorous insects, unigenes for the sesquiterpenoid pathway, which likely produces defense-associated volatiles, and the phenylpropanoid pathway, which produces toxic furanocoumarins, were expressed less in immature fruit latex. This difference may indicate that while petioles and fruit protect the plant from attack by herbivores, the fruit must also attract insect pollinators at younger stages and animals after ripening. We also suggest possible candidate transcription factors and signal transduction proteins that are involved in the differential expression of the unigenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sakihito Kitajima
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
- The Center for Advanced Insect Research Promotion, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Wataru Aoki
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
- Kyoto Integrated Science and Technology Bio-Analysis Center (KIST-BIC), Shimogyo-ku, Kyoto, 600-8813, Japan
| | - Daisuke Shibata
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kazusa-kamatari 2-6-7, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakajima
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kazusa-kamatari 2-6-7, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Nozomu Sakurai
- Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kazusa-kamatari 2-6-7, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Yazaki
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Munakata
- Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0011, Japan
- Université de Lorraine, INRA, UMR1121, LAE, 54 000, Nancy, France
| | - Toki Taira
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Masaru Kobayashi
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Aburaya
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Eric Hyrmeya Savadogo
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Susumu Hibino
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Haruna Yano
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Food processing and digestion: The effect of extrusion process on bioactive compounds in extrudates with artichoke leaf powder and resulting in vitro cynarin and cynaroside bioaccessibility. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
18
|
Bonetti G, Tedeschi P, Meca G, Bertelli D, Mañes J, Brandolini V, Maietti A. In vitro bioaccessibility, transepithelial transport and antioxidant activity of Urtica dioica L. phenolic compounds in nettle based food products. Food Funct 2018; 7:4222-4230. [PMID: 27713992 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01096b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nettle (Urtica dioica L.) is a well-known plant with a wide historical background use of stems, roots and leaves. Nettle leaves are an excellent source of phenolic compounds, principally 3-caffeoylquinic acid (3-CQA), caffeoylmalic acid (CMA) and rutin. The aim of this work was to evaluate the bioaccessibility (BAC), the bioavailability (BAV) and the antioxidant activity of nettle phenolic compounds present in foods and supplements. The BAC of nettle phenolics was evaluated with an in vitro dynamic digestion of real food matrices: the type of food matrix and chemical characteristic affected the kinetics of release and solubilization, with the highest BAC after duodenal digestion. A study of duodenal trans epithelial transport evidenced low bioavailability of native forms of 3-CQA, CMA and rutin. Simulation of colonic metabolism confirmed that phenolic compounds are fermented by gut microflora, confirming the need for further investigations on the impact of phenolic compounds at the large intestine level. Photochemiluminescence assay of the simulated digestion fluids demonstrated that ingestion of Urtica based foods contributes to create an antioxidant environment against superoxide anion radicals in the entire gastrointestinal tract (GIT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianpiero Bonetti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Paola Tedeschi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Meca
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Davide Bertelli
- Department of Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Jordi Mañes
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Vincenzo Brandolini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Maietti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17, 44121 Ferrara, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kumar S, Singh A, Kushwaha AK, Tiwari R, Chaudhary LB, Srivastava M, Kumar B. The UPLC–ESI–QqQ LIT–MS/MS method for quantitative determination of phytochemicals in ethanolic extracts of different parts of eight Ficus species: Development and validation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2017.1414838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awantika Singh
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Arun K. Kushwaha
- Plant Diversity, Systematics and Herbarium Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rinkey Tiwari
- Plant Diversity, Systematics and Herbarium Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lal B. Chaudhary
- Plant Diversity, Systematics and Herbarium Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Srivastava
- Biometry and Statistics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility (SAIF), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang T, Jiao J, Gai QY, Wang P, Guo N, Niu LL, Fu YJ. Enhanced and green extraction polyphenols and furanocoumarins from Fig (Ficus carica L.) leaves using deep eutectic solvents. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:339-345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
21
|
Gullón B, Lú-Chau TA, Moreira MT, Lema JM, Eibes G. Rutin: A review on extraction, identification and purification methods, biological activities and approaches to enhance its bioavailability. Trends Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
22
|
Phenylpropanoid composition in fig (Ficus carica L.) leaves. J Nat Med 2017; 71:770-775. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-017-1093-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
23
|
Akbas E, Kilercioglu M, Onder ON, Koker A, Soyler B, Oztop MH. Wheatgrass juice to wheat grass powder: Encapsulation, physical and chemical characterization. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
|
24
|
Phenolic compounds, antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of different cultivars of Ficus carica L. fruits. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
|
25
|
Effects of Common Fig (Ficus carica) Leaf Extracts on Sperm Parameters and Testis of Mice Intoxicated with Formaldehyde. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:2539127. [PMID: 26904140 PMCID: PMC4745414 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2539127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) is the leading cause of cellular injury and oxidative damage in testis that is one of the main infertility causes. There has been an increasing evidence of herbal remedies use in male infertility treatment. This assay examines the role of Ficus carica (Fc) leaf extracts in sperm parameters and testis of mice intoxicated with FA. Twenty-five adult male mice were randomly divided into control; sham; FA-treated (10 mg/kg twice per day); Fc-treated (200 mg/kg); and FA + Fc-treated groups. Cauda epididymal spermatozoa were analyzed for viability, count, and motility. Testes were weighed and gonadosomatic index (GSI) was calculated. Also, histoarchitecture of seminiferous tubules was assessed in the Haematoxylin and Eosin stained paraffin sections. The findings showed that FA significantly decreased GSI and increased percentage of immotile sperm compared with control group. Disorganized and vacuolated seminiferous epithelium, spermatogenic arrest, and lumen filled with immature germ cells were also observed in the testes. However, Fc leaf extracts improved sperm count, nonprogressive motility of spermatozoa, and GSI in FA-treated testes. Moreover, seminiferous tubule with spermatogenic arrest was rarely seen, indicating that Fc has the positive effects on testis and epididymal sperm parameters exposed with FA.
Collapse
|
26
|
Ammar S, Contreras MDM, Belguith-Hadrich O, Bouaziz M, Segura-Carretero A. New insights into the qualitative phenolic profile of Ficus carica L. fruits and leaves from Tunisia using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and their antioxidant activity. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16746e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RP-UHPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS gives new insights into the fig phenolic constituents that correlate with their antioxidant potency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonda Ammar
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)
- Granada
- Spain
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Environnement
- École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax
| | - María del Mar Contreras
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)
- Granada
- Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
| | - Olfa Belguith-Hadrich
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Environnement
- École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax
- Université de Sfax
- Tunisia,
| | - Mohamed Bouaziz
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie et Environnement
- École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax
- Université de Sfax
- Tunisia,
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)
- Granada
- Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ammar S, del Mar Contreras M, Belguith-Hadrich O, Segura-Carretero A, Bouaziz M. Assessment of the distribution of phenolic compounds and contribution to the antioxidant activity in Tunisian fig leaves, fruits, skins and pulps using mass spectrometry-based analysis. Food Funct 2015; 6:3663-77. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00837a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The qualitative and quantitative phenolic composition explains the differences in the antioxidant activity of fig leaves, fruits, pulps, and skins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonda Ammar
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)
- Bioregión Building
- Health Science Technological Park
- Granada
- Spain
| | - María del Mar Contreras
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)
- Bioregión Building
- Health Science Technological Park
- Granada
- Spain
| | - Olfa Belguith-Hadrich
- Laboratoire d’Électrochimie et Environnement
- École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax BP “1173” 3038
- Université de Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF)
- Bioregión Building
- Health Science Technological Park
- Granada
- Spain
| | - Mohamed Bouaziz
- Laboratoire d’Électrochimie et Environnement
- École Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sfax BP “1173” 3038
- Université de Sfax
- Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|