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Slavchev IM, Mitrev Y, Shivachev B, Valcheva V, Dogonadze M, Solovieva N, Vyazovaya A, Mokrousov I, Link W, Jiménez L, Cautain B, Mackenzie TA, Portugal I, Lopes F, Capela R, Perdigão J, Dobrikov GM. Synthesis, Characterization and Complex Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity and Cytotoxicity of New Arylmethylidene Ketones and Pyrimidines with Camphane Skeletons. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivaylo M. Slavchev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry Bulgarian Academy of Sciences bl. 9, Acad. G. Bonchev str. Sofia 1113 Bulgaria
| | - Yavor Mitrev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry Bulgarian Academy of Sciences bl. 9, Acad. G. Bonchev str. Sofia 1113 Bulgaria
| | - Boris Shivachev
- Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, bl. 107, Acad. G. Bonchev str. Sofia 1113 Bulgaria
| | - Violeta Valcheva
- Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology Bulgarian Academy of Sciences bl. 26, Acad. G. Bonchev str. Sofia 1113 Bulgaria
| | - Marine Dogonadze
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Natalia Solovieva
- St. Petersburg Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology St. Petersburg Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Anna Vyazovaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Igor Mokrousov
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Wolfgang Link
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4 28029 Madrid Spain
| | - Lucía Jiménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4 28029 Madrid Spain
| | - Bastien Cautain
- Fundación MEDINA Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores de Andalucía Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud Avda. del Conocimiento 34 18016 Granada Spain
| | - Thomas A. Mackenzie
- Fundación MEDINA Centro de Excelencia en Investigación de Medicamentos Innovadores de Andalucía Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud Avda. del Conocimiento 34 18016 Granada Spain
| | - Isabel Portugal
- iMed.ULisboa – Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Francisca Lopes
- iMed.ULisboa – Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Rita Capela
- iMed.ULisboa – Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - João Perdigão
- iMed.ULisboa – Instituto de Investigação do Medicamento Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Georgi M. Dobrikov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry Bulgarian Academy of Sciences bl. 9, Acad. G. Bonchev str. Sofia 1113 Bulgaria
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2
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Faraji J, Lotfi H, Moharrerie A, Jafari SY, Soltanpour N, Tamannaiee R, Marjani K, Roudaki S, Naseri F, Moeeini R, Metz GAS. Regional Differences in BDNF Expression and Behavior as a Function of Sex and Enrichment Type: Oxytocin Matters. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:2985-2999. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The early environment is critical to brain development, but the relative contribution of physical versus social stimulation is unclear. Here, we investigated in male and female rats the response to early physical and social environmental enrichment in relation to oxytocin (OT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. The findings show that males and females respond differently to prolonged sensorimotor stimulation from postnatal days 21–110 in terms of functional, structural, and molecular changes in the hippocampus versus medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Physical enrichment promoted motor and cognitive functions and hippocampal BDNF mRNA and protein expression in both sexes. Combined physical and social enrichment, however, promoted functional and structural gain in females. These changes were accompanied by elevated plasma oxytocin (OT) levels and BDNF mRNA expression in the mPFC, while the hippocampus was not affected. Administration of an OT antagonist in females blocked the beneficial effects of enrichment and led to reduced cortical BDNF signaling. These findings suggest that an OT-based mechanism selectively stimulates a region-specific BDNF response which is dependent on the type of experience.
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3
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Synthesis of Spiroindenyl-2-Oxindoles through Palladium-Catalyzed Spirocyclization of 2-Bromoarylamides and Vinyl Bromides. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247496. [PMID: 34946579 PMCID: PMC8704520 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An expeditious approach to the construction of spiroindenyl-2-oxindoles was developed via a palladium-catalyzed spirocyclization reaction of 2-bromoarylamides with vinyl bromides. The reaction formed spiropalladacycles as the intermediates via carbopalladation and the C–H functionalization of 2-bromoarylamides. The spiropalladacycles reacted with vinyl bromides to form spiroindenyl-2-oxindoles. A Heck process rather than vinylic C–H functionalization was involved in the reaction.
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4
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Brackley AD, Toney GM. Oxytocin Receptor Activation Rescues Opioid-Induced Respiratory Depression by Systemic Fentanyl in the Rat. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2021; 378:96-107. [PMID: 33990416 PMCID: PMC8407530 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid overdose intervention by naloxone, a high affinity receptor antagonist, reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) and analgesia by displacing opioids. Systemic naloxone stimulates release of the hypothalamic neuropeptide oxytocin, which has analgesic properties and participates in cardiorespiratory homeostasis. To test the hypothesis that oxytocin can reverse OIRD, we assessed the rescue potential of graded doses (0, 0.1, 2, 5, 10, 50 nmol/kg, i.v.) of oxytocin to counter fentanyl (60 nmol/kg, i.v.)-induced depression of neural inspiration indexed by recording phrenic nerve activity (PNA) in anesthetized (urethane/α-chloralose), vagotomized, and artificially ventilated rats. Oxytocin dose-dependently rescued fentanyl OIRD by almost immediately reversing PNA burst arrest (P = 0.0057) and restoring baseline burst frequency (P = 0.0016) and amplitude (P = 0.0025) at low but not high doses, resulting in inverted bell-shaped dose-response curves. Oxytocin receptor antagonism (40 nmol/kg, i.v.) prevented oxytocin reversal of OIRD (arrest: P = 0.0066, frequency: P = 0.0207, amplitude: P = 0.0022). Vasopressin 1A receptor (V1aR) antagonism restored high-dose oxytocin efficacy to rescue OIRD (P = 0.0170 to P < 0.0001), resulting in classic sigmoidal dose-response curves, and prevented (P = 0.0135) transient hypertension from V1aR cross-activation (P = 0.0275). Alone, vasopressin (5 nmol/kg, i.v.) failed to reverse fentanyl respiratory arrest (P = 0.6184). The nonpeptide oxytocin receptor agonist WAY-267464 (75 nmol/kg, i.v.), which has V1aR antagonist properties, quickly reversed fentanyl OIRD (P < 0.0001), with rapid recovery of PNA frequency (P = 0.0011) and amplitude (P = 0.0044) without adverse hemodynamic consequences (P = 0.9991). Findings indicate that peptide and nonpeptide agonist activation of oxytocin receptors without V1aR cross-activation rescues fentanyl OIRD. Oxytocin receptor agonists could be lifesaving resuscitation agents that enhance rather than interrupt opioid analgesia. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Oxytocin receptor activation produces analgesia. Here, we demonstrate that activation by the US Food and Drug Administration-approved agonist oxytocin and the nonpeptide partial agonist WAY-267464 can each reverse fentanyl cardiorespiratory depression. Selective targeting of oxytocin receptors for resuscitation from opioid overdose, alone or in combination with an opioid antagonist, could eliminate or attenuate negative side effects associated with traditional opioid receptor antagonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Doyle Brackley
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Glenn M Toney
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
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5
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Ostrowska S, Scattolin T, Nolan SP. N-Heterocyclic carbene complexes enabling the α-arylation of carbonyl compounds. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4354-4375. [PMID: 33949497 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00913c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The considerable importance of α-arylated carbonyl compounds, which are widely used as final products or as key intermediates in the pharmaceutical industry, has prompted numerous research groups to develop efficient synthetic strategies for their preparation in recent decades. In this context, the α-arylation of carbonyl compounds catalyzed by transition-metal complexes have been particularly helpful in constructing this motif. As illustrated in this contribution, tremendous advances have taken place using palladium- and nickel-NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes as pre-catalysts for the arylation of a wide range of ketones, aldehydes, esters and amides with electron-rich, electron-neutral, electron-poor, and sterically hindered aryl halides or pseudo-halides. Despite significant progress, especially in asymmetric α-arylations promoted by chiral NHC ligands, there are numerous challenges which have and continue to encourage further studies on this topic. Some of these are presented in this report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Ostrowska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thomas Scattolin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S-3), 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Steven P Nolan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Sustainable Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 (S-3), 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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6
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Panknin O, Wagenfeld A, Bone W, Bender E, Nowak-Reppel K, Fernández-Montalván AE, Nubbemeyer R, Bäurle S, Ring S, Schmees N, Prien O, Schäfer M, Friedrich C, Zollner TM, Steinmeyer A, Mueller T, Langer G. Discovery and Characterization of BAY 1214784, an Orally Available Spiroindoline Derivative Acting as a Potent and Selective Antagonist of the Human Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor as Proven in a First-In-Human Study in Postmenopausal Women. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11854-11881. [PMID: 32960053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The growth of uterine fibroids is sex hormone-dependent and commonly associated with highly incapacitating symptoms. Most treatment options consist of the control of these hormonal effects, ultimately blocking proliferative estrogen signaling (i.e., oral contraceptives/antagonization of human gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor [hGnRH-R] activity). Full hGnRH-R blockade, however, results in menopausal symptoms and affects bone mineralization, thus limiting treatment duration or demanding estrogen add-back approaches. To overcome such issues, we aimed to identify novel, small-molecule hGnRH-R antagonists. This led to the discovery of compound BAY 1214784, an orally available, potent, and selective hGnRH-R antagonist. Altering the geminal dimethylindoline core of the initial hit compound to a spiroindoline system significantly improved GnRH-R antagonist potencies across several species, mandatory for a successful compound optimization in vivo. In a first-in-human study in postmenopausal women, once daily treatment with BAY 1214784 effectively lowered plasma luteinizing hormone levels by up to 49%, at the same time being associated with low pharmacokinetic variability and good tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Panknin
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Wagenfeld
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bone
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eckhard Bender
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Aprather Weg 18a, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Katrin Nowak-Reppel
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Reinhard Nubbemeyer
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Bäurle
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Ring
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Schmees
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Olaf Prien
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Schäfer
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Friedrich
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas M Zollner
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Steinmeyer
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Aprather Weg 18a, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Gernot Langer
- Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, Müllerstrasse 170, 13342 Berlin, Germany
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7
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McKay EC, Counts SE. Oxytocin Receptor Signaling in Vascular Function and Stroke. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:574499. [PMID: 33071746 PMCID: PMC7544744 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.574499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxytocin receptor (OXTR) is a G protein-coupled receptor with a diverse repertoire of intracellular signaling pathways, which are activated in response to binding oxytocin (OXT) and a similar nonapeptide, vasopressin. This review summarizes the cell and molecular biology of the OXTR and its downstream signaling cascades, particularly focusing on the vasoactive functions of OXTR signaling in humans and animal models, as well as the clinical applications of OXTR targeting cerebrovascular accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin C McKay
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Scott E Counts
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Department of Family Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Hauenstein Neurosciences Center, Mercy Health Saint Mary's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, United States.,Michigan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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8
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Fujitani T, Matsuura T, Kawasaki M, Suzuki H, Nishimura H, Baba K, Yamanaka Y, Ohnishi H, Ueta Y, Sakai A. Presynaptic glutamatergic transmission and feedback system of oxytocinergic neurons in the hypothalamus of a rat model of adjuvant arthritis. Mol Pain 2020; 16:1744806920943334. [PMID: 32686583 PMCID: PMC7372626 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920943334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurohypophysial hormone oxytocin (OXT) is synthesized in the hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. Recently, some studies have considered OXT to be important in sensory modulation and that the OXT protein is upregulated by acute and chronic nociception. However, the mechanism by which OXT is upregulated in neurons is unknown. In this study, we examined the resting membrane potentials and excitatory postsynaptic currents in OXT-ergic neurons in the paraventricular nucleus in adjuvant arthritis rat model, a model of chronic inflammation, using whole-cell patch-clamping. Transgenic rats expressing OXT and monomeric red fluorescent protein 1 (mRFP1) fusion protein to visualize the OXT-ergic neurons were used, and the OXT-mRFP1 transgenic rat model of adjuvant arthritis was developed by injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium butyricum. Furthermore, the feedback system of synthesized OXT was also examined using the OXT receptor antagonist L-368,899. We found that the resting membrane potentials and frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents and spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents in OXT-monomeric red fluorescent protein 1 neurons in the paraventricular nucleus were significantly increased in adjuvant arthritis rats. Furthermore, L-368,899 dose-dependently increased the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents and spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents in OXT-ergic neurons. Following bath application of the GABAA receptor antagonist picrotoxin and the cannabinoid receptor 1 antagonist AM 251, L-368,899 still increased the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents. However, following bath application of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride, L-368,899 did not alter the miniature excitatory postsynaptic current frequency. Thus, it is suggested that OXT-ergic neuron activity is upregulated via an increase in glutamate release, and that the upregulated OXT neurons have a feedback system with released endogenous OXT. It is possible that nitric oxide, but not GABA, may contribute to the feedback system of OXT neurons in chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruaki Fujitani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine,
University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Takanori Matsuura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine,
University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of
Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Makoto Kawasaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine,
University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine,
University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Haruki Nishimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine,
University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Baba
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine,
University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Yamanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine,
University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Hideo Ohnishi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine,
University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Yoichi Ueta
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of
Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Akinori Sakai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine,
University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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9
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Agarwal J, Peddinti RK. Water‐Mediated, Highly‐Efficient and Improved Protocol for the Synthesis of Vesamicol, Its Analogues and β‐Blockers through the Highly‐Chemoselective Aminolysis of Epoxides. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Advanced StudiesPanjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
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10
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Synthesis of (1S)-(+)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid derivatives and investigations in vitro and in silico of their antiviral activity as the inhibitors of fi lovirus infections. Russ Chem Bull 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-019-2517-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Liu XW, Li SS, Dai DT, Zhao M, Shan CC, Xu YH, Loh TP. Palladium-Catalyzed Dialkylation of C–C Triple Bonds: Access to Multi-Functionalized Indenes. Org Lett 2019; 21:3696-3700. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Sen Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Ting Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
| | - Cui-Cui Shan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
| | - Yun-He Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
| | - Teck-Peng Loh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P.R. China
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371
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12
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Faraji J, Karimi M, Soltanpour N, Moharrerie A, Rouhzadeh Z, Lotfi H, Hosseini SA, Jafari SY, Roudaki S, Moeeini R, Metz GA. Oxytocin-mediated social enrichment promotes longer telomeres and novelty seeking. eLife 2018; 7:40262. [PMID: 30422111 PMCID: PMC6277206 DOI: 10.7554/elife.40262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The quality of social relationships is a powerful determinant of lifetime health. Here, we explored the impact of social experiences on circulating oxytocin (OT) concentration, telomere length (TL), and novelty-seeking behaviour in male and female rats. Prolonged social housing raised circulating OT levels in both sexes while elongating TL only in females. Novelty-seeking behaviour in females was more responsive to social housing and increased OT levels than males. The OT antagonist (OT ANT) L-366,509 blocked the benefits of social housing in all conditions along with female-specific TL erosion and novelty-seeking deficit. Thus, females seem more susceptible than males to genetic and behavioural changes when the secretion of endogenous OT in response to social life is interrupted. Social enrichment may, therefore, provide a therapeutic avenue to promote stress resiliency and chances of healthy aging across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Faraji
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Canada.,Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mitra Karimi
- Inclusive-Integrated Education Program for Children with Special Needs, Exceptional Education Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nabiollah Soltanpour
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Alireza Moharrerie
- Department of Anatomy, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zahra Rouhzadeh
- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Hamid Lotfi
- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - S Abedin Hosseini
- Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - S Yaghoob Jafari
- Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Shabnam Roudaki
- Department of Behavioural Studies, Avicenna Institute of Neuroscience, Yazd, Iran
| | - Reza Moeeini
- Department of Behavioural Studies, Avicenna Institute of Neuroscience, Yazd, Iran
| | - Gerlinde As Metz
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Canada
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13
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Gao Z, Zhang J, Yang H, Jiang G. Brønsted Acid-Promoted Friedel-Crafts Alkylation/Cyclization of (7-Hydroxynaphthalenyl)pyrrole or (2-Hydroxyphenyl)pyrroles with Isatins for the Construction of Pyrrolospirooxindole Derivatives. J Org Chem 2018; 83:11407-11414. [PMID: 30028135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An efficient trifluoroacetic acid-catalyzed cascade Friedel-Crafts alkylation/cyclization of 1-(7-hydroxynaphthalenyl)pyrrole or 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)pyrroles with isatins has been developed, providing practical access to a variety of biologically important pyrrole-containing spirooxindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Huameng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , China
| | - Gaoxi Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Suzhou Research Institute of LICP , Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics (LICP), Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000 , China
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14
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Synthesis of spiroindenyl-2-oxindoles by montmorillonite K-10-catalyzed tandem Friedel-Crafts alkenylation/hydroarylation of propargylic alcohols with sterically hindered and electron-rich arenes. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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15
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Kamenova-Nacheva M, Schröder M, Pasheva E, Slavchev I, Dimitrov V, Momekov G, Nikolova R, Shivachev B, Ugrinova I, Dobrikov GM. Synthesis of ferrocenylmethylidene and arylidene substituted camphane based compounds as potential anticancer agents. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00619e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of new compounds with a camphane moiety was synthesized, and some of the ferrocene-containing compounds showed promising anticancer activity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Kamenova-Nacheva
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Sofia 1113
- Bulgaria
| | - Maria Schröder
- Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev”
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Sofia 1113
- Bulgaria
| | - Evdokia Pasheva
- Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev”
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Sofia 1113
- Bulgaria
| | - Ivaylo Slavchev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Sofia 1113
- Bulgaria
| | - Vladimir Dimitrov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Sofia 1113
- Bulgaria
| | - George Momekov
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Medical University of Sofia
- Sofia 1000
- Bulgaria
| | - Rosica Nikolova
- Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography “Acad. Ivan Kostov”
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Sofia 1113
- Bulgaria
| | - Boris Shivachev
- Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography “Acad. Ivan Kostov”
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Sofia 1113
- Bulgaria
| | - Iva Ugrinova
- Institute of Molecular Biology “Roumen Tsanev”
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Sofia 1113
- Bulgaria
| | - Georgi M. Dobrikov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Sofia 1113
- Bulgaria
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16
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Magné V, Blanchard F, Marinetti A, Voituriez A, Guinchard X. Synthesis of Spiro[piperidine-3,3′-oxindoles]viaGold(I)-Catalyzed Dearomatization ofN-Propargyl- andN-Homoallenyl-2-bromotryptamines. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201600398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Magné
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles; CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Florent Blanchard
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles; CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Angela Marinetti
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles; CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Arnaud Voituriez
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles; CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Xavier Guinchard
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles; CNRS UPR 2301; Université Paris-Sud; Université Paris-Saclay; 1 av. de la Terrasse 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette France
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17
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Synthesis of indene derivatives via reactions of vinylidenecyclopropanes with the N-acyliminium cations generated from hydroxylactams. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Yang Y, Li H, Ward R, Gao L, Wei JF, Xu TR. Novel oxytocin receptor agonists and antagonists: a patent review (2002 - 2013). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2013; 24:29-46. [PMID: 24094047 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.845168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxytocin is a nine amino acid cyclic peptide hormone with a high degree of uterotonic activity. The oxytocin receptor (Oxtr) is most strongly expressed in the uterus and mammary gland, but can also be found in regions of the brain, showing a neurotransmitter-like activity. The Oxtr knockout mice have no obvious defects in fertility or sexual behavior, but display aberrant social behavior. All of these suggest that Oxtr may become an important therapeutic target for the treatment of a wide range of conditions. AREAS COVERED This article will highlight the significant progress that has been made in the discovery and development of Oxtr agonists and antagonists in the patent literature between January 2002 and May 2013. EXPERT OPINION In the past decade, cumulative evidence supports the idea that activation of the Oxtr can have a positive effect upon human cognition and social behavior. The authors suggest that new agonists and antagonists may play an important role in the treatment of disorders such as anxiety, autism or schizophrenia. It may even be that older Oxtr agonists and antagonists, which were used to overcome labor-related dysfunction, may also have a significant impact on human social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Kunming University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Life Science and Technology , Kunming, Yunnan 650500 , China +86 871 65911300 ; +86 871 65911300 ;
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19
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20
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21
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Efange SMN, Khare AB, von Hohenberg K, Mach RH, Parsons SM, Tu Z. Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of carbonyl group-containing inhibitors of vesicular acetylcholine transporter. J Med Chem 2010; 53:2825-35. [PMID: 20218624 DOI: 10.1021/jm9017916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
To identify selective high-affinity inhibitors of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT), we have interposed a carbonyl group between the phenyl and piperidyl groups of the prototypical VAChT ligand vesamicol and its more potent analogues benzovesamicol and 5-aminobenzovesamicol. Of 33 compounds synthesized and tested, 6 display very high affinity for VAChT (K(i), 0.25-0.66 nM) and greater than 500-fold selectivity for VAChT over sigma(1) and sigma(2) receptors. Twelve compounds have high affinity (K(i), 1.0-10 nM) and good selectivity for VAChT. Furthermore, 3 halogenated compounds, namely, trans-3-[4-(4-fluorobenzoyl)piperidinyl]-2-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (28b) (K(i) = 2.7 nM, VAChT/sigma selectivity index = 70), trans-3-[4-(5-iodothienylcarbonyl)piperidinyl]-2-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (28h) (K(i) = 0.66 nM, VAChT/sigma selectivity index = 294), and 5-amino-3-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidinyl]-2-hydroxy-1,2,3,4,-tetrahydronaphthalene (30b) (K(i) = 2.40 nM, VAChT/sigma selectivity index = 410) display moderate to high selectivity for VAChT. These three compounds can be synthesized with the corresponding radioisotopes so as to serve as PET/SPECT probes for imaging the VAChT in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M N Efange
- Departments of Radiology, Medicinal Chemistry and Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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22
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Johansson CCC, Colacot TJ. Metal-catalyzed alpha-arylation of carbonyl and related molecules: novel trends in C-C bond formation by C-H bond functionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:676-707. [PMID: 20058282 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200903424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 597] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-arylated carbonyl compounds are commonly occurring motifs in biologically interesting molecules and are therefore of high interest to the pharmaceutical industry. Conventional procedures for their synthesis often result in complications in scale-up, such as the use of stoichiometric amounts of toxic reagents and harsh reaction conditions. Over the last decade, significant efforts have been directed towards the development of metal-catalyzed alpha-arylations of carbonyl compounds as an alternative synthetic approach that operates under milder conditions. This Review summarizes the developments in this area to date, with a focus on how the substrate scope has been expanded through selection of the most appropriate synthetic method, such as the careful choice of ligands, precatalysts, bases, and reaction conditions.
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23
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Johansson C, Colacot T. Metallkatalysierte α-Arylierungen von Carbonylen und verwandten Molekülen: aktuelle Trends bei der C-C-Kupplung über C-H-Funktionalisierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200903424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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24
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Takahashi T, Haga Y, Sakamoto T, Moriya M, Okamoto O, Nonoshita K, Shibata T, Suga T, Takahashi H, Hirohashi T, Sakuraba A, Gomori A, Iwaasa H, Ohe T, Ishihara A, Ishii Y, Kanatani A, Fukami T. Aryl urea derivatives of spiropiperidines as NPY Y5 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2009; 19:3511-6. [PMID: 19464889 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 05/01/2009] [Accepted: 05/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Continuing medicinal chemistry studies to identify spiropiperidine-derived NPY Y5 receptor antagonists are described. Aryl urea derivatives of a variety of spiropiperidines were tested for their NPY Y5 receptor binding affinities. Of the spiropiperidines so far examined, spiro[3-oxoisobenzofurane-1(3H),4'-piperidine] was a useful scaffold for producing orally active NPY Y5 receptor antagonists. Oral administration of 5c significantly inhibited the Y5 agonist-induced food intake in rats with a minimum effective dose of 3mg/kg. In addition, this compound was efficacious in decreasing body weight in diet-induced obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Takahashi
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
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25
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26
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Walker MA. Treatment of autism spectrum disorders: neurotransmitter signaling pathways involved in motivation and reward as therapeutic targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2008; 12:949-67. [PMID: 18620518 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.12.8.949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a growing body of literature describing the etiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Some of the targets suggested belong to neurochemical transmitter pathways implicated in the behavior and motivation reward pathway. OBJECTIVE To examine data linking potential targets to ASD and the feasibility of developing drugs targeting these pathways. While the inhibitors are mostly being developed for other indications, it is beneficial to examine them to determine the responsiveness of the targets to small-molecule modulation. METHODS A search in Medline and Scifinder for articles concerning relevant targets in the context of ASD and their relation to the reward signaling pathway. RESULTS There is evidence suggesting that behaviors controlled by these targets are related to behaviors exhibited by individuals with ASD. The targets appear to be involved in neurotransmitter pathways controlling motivation and reward, further implicating this system in ASD. Sufficient research has been conducted to identify lead compounds for discovering agents for treatment of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Walker
- Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Medicinal Chemistry, Research and Development, Wallingford, CT, USA.
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27
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Agrawal D, Yadav VK. Silylmethyl-substituted cyclopropyl and other strained ring systems: cycloaddition with dipolarophiles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:6471-88. [DOI: 10.1039/b812285g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Prusov E, Maier ME. Synthesis of nitrogen-containing spirocyclic scaffolds via aminoallylation/RCM sequence. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Blakeney JS, Reid RC, Le GT, Fairlie DP. Nonpeptidic Ligands for Peptide-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Chem Rev 2007; 107:2960-3041. [PMID: 17622179 DOI: 10.1021/cr050984g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jade S Blakeney
- Centre for Drug Design and Development, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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30
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Yadav VK, Kumar NV, Parvez M. Lewis acid-catalyzed formation of indene derivatives via tandem reactions of arylacetylenes with the cations generated from 2-silylmethyl cyclopropyl carbinols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2007:2281-3. [PMID: 17534517 DOI: 10.1039/b700246g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Vicinal silylmethyl-substituted cyclopropyl carbinols undergo tandem intermolecular cation-arylacetylene cyclization to generate indene derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veejendra K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, India.
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31
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Basavaiah D, Reddy KR. Simple and One-Pot Protocol for Synthesis of Indene-spiro-oxindoles Involving Tandem Prins and Friedel−Crafts Reactions. Org Lett 2006; 9:57-60. [PMID: 17192084 DOI: 10.1021/ol062561m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A simple and one-pot protocol for the synthesis of indene-spiro-oxindole derivatives via TiCl4-mediated reaction between 1,1-diarylethylenes and isatin derivatives involving construction of two carbon-carbon bonds through tandem Prins and intramolecular Friedel-Crafts (PFC) reactions has been described. A plausible mechanism for this transformation is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deevi Basavaiah
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad-500 046, India.
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32
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An efficient synthesis of a spirocyclic oxindole analogue. Molecules 2006; 11:700-6. [PMID: 17971744 DOI: 10.3390/11090700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2006] [Revised: 09/06/2006] [Accepted: 09/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient, scaleable synthesis approach towards the spirocyclic oxindole analogue 1'-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-2-oxospiro[indoline-3,4'-piperidine]-5-carboxylic acid (1) is described. The key steps are dianion alkylation and cyclization of ethyl 2- oxindoline-5-carboxylate (4) and demethylation of the resulting spirocyclic oxindole ethyl 1'-methyl-2-oxospiro[indoline-3,4'-piperidine]-5-carboxylate (5). The target compound was obtained in an overall yield of 35 % over eight steps without resorting to chromatographic purification.
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33
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Butora G, Morriello GJ, Kothandaraman S, Guiadeen D, Pasternak A, Parsons WH, MacCoss M, Vicario PP, Cascieri MA, Yang L. 4-Amino-2-alkyl-butyramides as small molecule CCR2 antagonists with favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:4715-22. [PMID: 16870431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2006] [Revised: 06/26/2006] [Accepted: 07/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A systematic examination of the central aromatic portion of the lead (2S)-N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(1'H-spiro[indene-1,4'-piperidin]-1'-yl)butanamide (9) led to the discovery of a novel class of CCR2 receptor antagonists, which carry small alicyclic groups such as cyclopropyl, cylobutyl, or cyclopropylmethyl attached at C2 of the carbon backbone. The most potent compound discovered, namely (2S)-N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-2-cyclopropyl-4-[(1R,3'R)-3'-methyl-1'H-spiro[indene-1,4'-piperidin]-1'-yl]butanamide (29), showed very high binding affinity (IC50 = 4 nM, human monocyte) and excellent selectivity toward other related chemokine receptors. The excellent pharmacokinetic profile of this new lead compound allows for extensive in vivo evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Butora
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
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Pasternak A, Marino D, Vicario PP, Ayala JM, Cascierri MA, Parsons W, Mills SG, Maccoss M, Yang L. Novel, Orally Bioavailable γ-Aminoamide CC Chemokine Receptor 2 (CCR2) Antagonists. J Med Chem 2006; 49:4801-4. [PMID: 16884289 DOI: 10.1021/jm060439n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Through modification of a screening hit we have discovered a structurally distinct new lead, (2S)-N-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzyl]-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(4-phenylpiperidin-1-yl)butanamide (11), which has subsequently served as the departure point for an ongoing program targeting CCR2 antagonists. Optimization of 11 leading to antagonists 26 and 37 is described. Antagonist 26 was shown to have good oral bioavailability in rats. Antagonist 37 had a CCR2 IC50 of 59 nM and excellent potency in a functional assay measuring inhibition of MCP-1 induced monocyte chemotaxis (IC50 of 41 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pasternak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Immunology/Rheumatology, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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Griffante C, Green A, Curcuruto O, Haslam CP, Dickinson BA, Arban R. Selectivity of d[Cha4]AVP and SSR149415 at human vasopressin and oxytocin receptors: evidence that SSR149415 is a mixed vasopressin V1b/oxytocin receptor antagonist. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 146:744-51. [PMID: 16158071 PMCID: PMC1751202 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
1 A possible role of arginine vasopressin (AVP) V(1b) receptor subtype in stress-related disorders has been recently highlighted by the discovery of the agonist [1-deamino-4-cyclohexylalanine] AVP (d[Cha(4)]AVP) and the antagonist SSR149415. Both compounds have been proposed to target specifically V(1b) receptors, since the reported affinities for the related V(1a), V(2) and oxytocin receptors are in the micromolar or submicromolar range. In the present study, we further investigated the binding affinities of d[Cha(4)]AVP and SSR149415 at recombinant human vasopressin V(1b) (hV(1b)) and oxytocin (hOT) receptors expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and functional properties of both compounds at hV(1b), hV(1a), hV(2) and hOT receptors. 2 d[Cha(4)]AVP bound to hV(1b) receptors and hOT receptors with pK(i) values of 9.68+/-0.06 and 7.68+/-0.09, respectively. SSR149415 showed pK(i) values of 9.34+/-0.06 at hV(1b) and 8.82+/-0.16 at hOT receptors. 3 d[Cha(4)]AVP stimulated [Ca(2+)](i) increase in hV(1b)-CHO cells with a pEC(50) value of 10.05+/-0.15. It showed pEC(50) values of 6.53+/-0.17 and 5.92+/-0.02 at hV(1a) and hV(2) receptors, respectively, and behaved as a weak antagonist at hOT receptors (pK(B)=6.31+/-0.12). SSR149415 inhibited the agonist-induced [Ca(2+)](i) increase with pK(B) values of 9.19+/-0.07 in hV(1b)-CHO and 8.72+/-0.15 in hOT-CHO cells. A functional pK(i) value of 7.23+/-0.10 was found for SSR1494151 at hV(1a) receptors, whereas it did not inhibit 20 nM AVP response at hV(2) receptors up to 3 microM. 4 Data obtained confirmed the high potency and selectivity of d[Cha(4)]AVP at hV(1b) receptors, but revealed that SSR149415, in addition to the high potency at hV(1b) receptors, displays a significant antagonism at hOT receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Griffante
- Psychiatry Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline Group, Medicines Research Centre, Via Fieming 4, 37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Andrew Green
- Screening and Compound Profiling, Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline Group, New Frontiers Science Park, Harlow, Essex CM19 5AW
| | - Ornella Curcuruto
- Computational, Analytical & Structural Sciences, Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline Group, Medicines Research Centre, 37135 Verona, Italy
| | - Carl P Haslam
- Screening and Compound Profiling, Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline Group, New Frontiers Science Park, Harlow, Essex CM19 5AW
| | - Bryony A Dickinson
- Screening and Compound Profiling, Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline Group, New Frontiers Science Park, Harlow, Essex CM19 5AW
| | - Roberto Arban
- Psychiatry Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline Group, Medicines Research Centre, Via Fieming 4, 37135 Verona, Italy
- Author for correspondence:
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Allen MJ, Livermore DGH, Mordaunt JE. Oxytocin antagonists as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of preterm labour. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2006; 44:331-73. [PMID: 16697900 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6468(05)44407-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Allen
- GlaxoSmithKline, New Frontiers Science Park (North), Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, UK
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37
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Bélec L, Blankenship JW, Lubell WD. Examination of structural characteristics of the potent oxytocin antagonists [dPen1,Pen6]-OT and [dPen1,Pen6, 5-tBuPro7]-OT by NMR, Raman, CD spectroscopy and molecular modeling. J Pept Sci 2005; 11:365-78. [PMID: 15641022 DOI: 10.1002/psc.637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and biological evaluation of penicillamine(6)-5-tert-butylproline(7)-oxytocin analogs and comparison with their proline(7)-oxytocin counterparts has led to the discovery of two potent oxytocin (OT) antagonists: [dPen(1),Pen(6)]-oxytocin (1, pA(2) = 8.22, EC(50) = 6.0 nM) and [dPen(1),Pen(6),5-tBuPro(7)]-oxytocin (2, pA(2) = 8.19, EC(50) = 6.5 nM). In an attempt to understand the conformational requirements for their biological activity, spectroscopic analyses of 1 and 2 were performed using (1)H NMR, laser Raman and CD techniques. In H(2)O, oxytocin analogs 1 and 2 exhibited cis-isomer populations of 7% and 35%, respectively. Measurement of the amide proton temperature coefficients revealed solvent shielded hydrogens for Gln(4) and Pen(6) in the major trans-conformer of 1 as well as for Gln(4) in the minor cis-conformer of 2. Few long-distance NOEs were observed, suggesting conformational averaging for analogs 1 and 2 in water; moreover, a lower barrier (16.6 +/- 0.2 kcal/mol) for isomerization of the amide N-terminal to 5-tBuPro(7) relative to OT was calculated from measuring the coalescence temperature of the Gly(9) backbone NH signals in the NMR spectra of 2. Observed bands in the Raman spectra of 1 and 2 correspond to C(beta)-S-S-C(beta) dihedral angles of +110-115 degrees and +/-90 degrees , respectively. In water, acetonitrile and methanol, the CD spectra for 1 exhibited a positive maximum around 236-239 nm; in trifluoroethanol, the spectra shifted and a negative maximum was observed at 240 nm. The CD spectra of 2 were unaffected by solvent changes and exhibited a negative maximum at 236-239 nm. The CD and Raman data both suggested that a conformation having a right-handed screw sense about the disulfide and a chi(CS-SC) dihedral angle value close to 115 degrees was favored for analog 1 in water, methanol and acetonitrile, but not trifluoroethanol, where a +/-90 degrees angle was favored. Analog 2 was more resilient to conformational change about the disulfide, and adopted a preferred disulfide geometry corresponding to a +/-90 degrees chi(CS-SC) dihedral angle. Monte Carlo conformational analysis of analogs 1 and 2 using distance restraints derived from NMR spectroscopy revealed two prominent conformational minima for analog 1 with disulfide geometries around +114 degrees and +116 degrees . Similar analysis of analog 2 revealed one conformational minimum with a disulfide geometry around +104 degrees . In sum, the conformation about the disulfide in [dPen(1),Pen(6)]-OT (1) was shown to be contingent on environment and in TFE, adopted a geometry similar to that of [dPen(1),Pen(6),5-tBuPro(7)]-OT (2) which appeared to be stabilized by hydrophobic interactions between the 5-tBuPro(7) (5R)-tert-butyl group, the Leu(8) isopropyl sidechain and the Pen(6)beta-methyl substituents. In light of the conformational rigidity of 2 about the disulfide bond, and the similar geometry adopted by 1 in TFE, a S-S dihedral angle close to +110 degrees may be a prerequisite for their binding at the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Bélec
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C. P. 6128, Succursale Centre Ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
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Stymiest JL, Mitchell BF, Wong S, Vederas JC. Synthesis of Oxytocin Analogues with Replacement of Sulfur by Carbon Gives Potent Antagonists with Increased Stability. J Org Chem 2005; 70:7799-809. [PMID: 16277299 DOI: 10.1021/jo050539l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[Chemical reaction: See text] The neuropeptide oxytocin 1 controls mammary and uterine smooth muscle contraction. Atosiban 2, an oxytocin antagonist, is used for prevention of preterm labor and premature birth. However, the metabolic lifetimes of such peptide drugs are short because of in vivo degradation. Facile production of oxytocin analogues with varying ring sizes wherein sulfur is replaced by carbon (methylene or methine) could be achieved by standard solid-phase peptide synthesis using olefin-bearing amino acids followed by on-resin ring-closing metathesis (RCM). These were tested for agonistic and antagonistic uteronic activity using myometrial strips taken from nonpregnant female rats. Peptide 8 showed agonistic activity in vitro (EC50= 1.4 x 10(3) +/- 4.4 x 10(2) nM) as compared to 1 (EC50= 7.0 +/- 2.1 nM). Atosiban analogues 17 (pA2= 7.8 +/- 0.1) and 18 (pA2= 8.0 +/- 0.1) showed substantial activity compared to the parent oxytocin antagonist 2 (pA2= 9.9 +/- 0.3). Carba analogue 35 (pA2= 6.1 +/- 0.1) had an agonistic activity over 2 orders of magnitude less than its parent 3 (8.8 +/- 0.5). A comparison of biological stabilities of 1,6-carba analogues of both an agonist 8 and antagonist 18 versus parent peptides 1 and 2 was conducted. The half-lives of peptides 8 and 18 in rat placental tissue were shown (Table 2) to be greatly improved versus their parents oxytocin 1 and atosiban 2, respectively. These results suggest that peptides 8 and 18 and analogues thereof may be important leads into the development of a long-lasting, commercially available therapeutic for initiation of parturition and treatment of preterm labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake L Stymiest
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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A Sequential Cyclization Route to Spiroindanyl Heterocycles through Olefin Metathesis and Free Radical Reaction. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2005. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2005.26.2.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Chan WY, Wo NC, Stoev ST, Cheng LL, Manning M. Discovery and design of novel and selective vasopressin and oxytocin agonists and antagonists: the role of bioassays. Exp Physiol 2000; 85 Spec No:7S-18S. [PMID: 10795902 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-445x.2000.tb00003.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic oxytocin and vasopressin agonists and antagonists have become important tools for research and were instrumental in the identification of the four known receptor subtypes, V1a, V2, V1b (V3) and oxytocin, of these peptide hormones. However, the relative lack of receptor selectivity, particularly of the antagonists, has limited their usefulness as experimental probes and their potential as therapeutic agents. We now present some findings from our continuing studies aimed at the design of more selective oxytocin and vasopressin agonists and antagonists and a structure-activity relationship update on our recently discovered novel hypotensive vasopressin peptides. Bioassays have been, and continue to be, of critical importance in leading to the discovery of the novel agonists, antagonists and hypotensive peptides reported here. This paper highlights three main aspects of these studies. (1) Replacement of the tyrosine2 and/or phenylalanine3 residues in the V2 agonist deamino,[Val4,D-Arg8]arginine-vasopressin (dVDAVP) by thienylalanine resulted in selective V2 agonists with strikingly high potencies. However, the peptide solutions were unstable and lost activity over time. These highly potent V2 agonists, which are devoid of vasopressor activity, are promising leads for improving drugs for treating diabetes insipidus, enuresis and coagulation disorders. (2) Diaminopropionic acid and diaminobutyric acid substitution at position-5 in oxytocin and in V1a antagonists yielded, respectively, the first specific antagonist for the oxytocin receptor, desGly-NH2,d(CH2)5[D-Trp2,Thr4,Dap5]OVT and the first specific antagonist for the vasopressin V1a receptor, d(CH2)5[Tyr(Me)2,Dab5]AVP. The availability of single receptor subtype-specific or selective antagonists will enhance our ability to delineate receptor functions. Utilising these new receptor specific probes, we were able to show that the uterotonic action of vasopressin is mediated principally by oxytocin and not by V1a receptors. (3) Replacement of the phenylalanine3 residue in the V1a/V2/oxytocin antagonist, d(CH2)5[D-Tyr(Et)2,Val4]AVP, with arginine3 yielded the novel, selective, hypotensive vasopressin peptide, d(CH2)5[D-Tyr(Et)2,Arg3,Val4]AVP (Peptide I). Bioassay characterisations of Peptide I show that its vasodepressor action is independent of the peripheral autonomic, bradykinin, nitric oxide and prostaglandin systems and is not mediated by the known classical oxytocin and vasopressin receptors. These findings suggest the existence of a new vasopressin receptor subtype that may be relevant to the vasodilating action of vasopressin in regional vascular beds. Iodinatable hypotensive peptides have been synthesised and could be developed as markers for the putative new receptor. Ongoing structure-activity relationship studies on Peptide I have led to more potent and selective hypotensive peptides for use as new research tools and as leads for the development of a new class of antihypertensive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Chan
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Williams PD, Bock MG, Evans BE, Freidinger RM, Pettibone DJ. Progress in the development of oxytocin antagonists for use in preterm labor. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1999; 449:473-9. [PMID: 10026841 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4871-3_61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
There is currently a need for new therapeutic agents for treating preterm labor which could offer improved safety and efficacy beyond what has been achieved with the widely employed beta-mimetics. In this regard, the longstanding hypothesis of oxytocin receptor blockade as representing a potentially more selective method of tocolysis has continued to gain support from results obtained in clinical studies with the peptide oxytocin antagonist, atosiban. Our laboratory has focussed on the identification of non-peptide oxytocin antagonists with properties suitable for both oral and intravenous administration. We have previously described the development of potent, camphor-based oxytocin antagonists, including L-368,899 which entered phase I human studies. More recently we have pursued a new structural class of oxytocin antagonists based on the 1-(N-benzoylpiperidin-4-yl)-4H-3,1-benzoxazin-2(1H)-one template. L-372,662 is a new member of this structural class and in our preclinical assays possesses an attractive overall profile from the standpoint of human oxytocin receptor affinity (Ki = 4.9 nM), human oxytocin vs. vasopressin receptor selectivity (> 500-fold), potency as an antagonist of oxytocin-induced uterine contractions in late gestation pregnant rhesus monkeys (AD50 = 36 micrograms/kg), oral bioavailability (F = 90% in dogs), and aqueous solubility (10 mg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- P D Williams
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
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Smith RG, Van der Ploeg LH, Howard AD, Feighner SD, Cheng K, Hickey GJ, Wyvratt MJ, Fisher MH, Nargund RP, Patchett AA. Peptidomimetic regulation of growth hormone secretion. Endocr Rev 1997; 18:621-45. [PMID: 9331545 DOI: 10.1210/edrv.18.5.0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R G Smith
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
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Shenderovich MD, Kövér KE, Wilke S, Collins N, Hruby VJ. Solution Conformations of Potent Bicyclic Antagonists of Oxytocin by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja963736y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark D. Shenderovich
- Contributed from the Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - Katalin E. Kövér
- Contributed from the Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - Susanne Wilke
- Contributed from the Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - Nathan Collins
- Contributed from the Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
| | - Victor J. Hruby
- Contributed from the Department of Chemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Freidinger
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, USA
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Patchett AA, Nargund RP, Tata JR, Chen MH, Barakat KJ, Johnston DB, Cheng K, Chan WW, Butler B, Hickey G. Design and biological activities of L-163,191 (MK-0677): a potent, orally active growth hormone secretagogue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995; 92:7001-5. [PMID: 7624358 PMCID: PMC41459 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.15.7001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A potent, orally active growth hormone (GH) secretagogue L-163,191 belonging to a recently synthesized structural class has been characterized. L-163,191 releases GH from rat pituitary cells in culture with EC50 = 1.3 +/- 0.09 nM and is mechanistically indistinguishable from the GH-releasing peptide GHRP-6 and the prototypical nonpeptide GH secretagogue L-692,429 but clearly distinguishable from the natural GH secretagogue, GH-releasing hormone. L-163,191 elevates GH in dogs after oral doses as low as 0.125 mg/kg and was shown to be specific in its release of GH without significant effect on plasma levels of aldosterone, luteinizing hormone, thyroxine, and prolactin after oral administration of 1 mg/kg. Only modest increases in cortisol were observed. Based on these properties, L-163,191 has been selected for clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Patchett
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, NJ 07065-0900, USA
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Chiu SH, Thompson KA, Vincent SH, Alvaro RF, Huskey SW, Stearns RA, Pettibone DJ. The role of drug metabolism in drug discovery: a case study in the selection of an oxytocin receptor antagonist for development. Toxicol Pathol 1995; 23:124-30. [PMID: 7569665 DOI: 10.1177/019262339502300204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Drug discovery is a process involving multiple disciplines and interests. During the research phase of drug discovery, usually a large number of compounds are evaluated for biological activity and toxicological potential in animal species. Various types of problems with respect to pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity are commonly encountered at this stage. Drug metabolism, as a discipline participating in a drug discovery team, can play an important role in identifying factors underlying the problems, facilitate the optimal selection of compounds for further development, provide information on metabolites for possible improvement in drug design, and contribute to the identification of the appropriate animal species for subsequent toxicity testing. During the process of evaluating oxytocin receptor antagonists for further development for treatment of preterm labor, in vivo and in vitro drug metabolism studies conducted in rats, dogs, and monkeys contributed to the selection of L-368,899 as the development candidate on the basis of pharmacokinetic and metabolism observations. The presence of active N-demethylated metabolites of two other equipotent compounds in rats and dogs was found to be the major factor responsible for the discrepancy between oral bioavailability and efficacies observed for these 2 compounds. For L-368,899, a compound that demonstrated 20-40% oral bioavailability in rats, dogs, and chimpanzees, extensive first-pass metabolism rather than absorption was determined as the major factor responsible for the poor bioavailability (< 1%) in rhesus monkeys. In vitro metabolism studies with hepatic microsomes from rats, dogs, monkeys, and humans substantiated the conclusion that the rate of hepatic metabolism of L-368,899 in monkeys is faster than in the other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Chiu
- Department of Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
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Oldziej S, Ciarkowski J, Liwo A, Shenderovich MD, Grzonka Z. Conformational aspects of differences in requirements for oxytocin and vasopressin receptors. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 1995; 15:703-13. [PMID: 8903974 DOI: 10.3109/10799899509045250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Conformational energy calculations were carried out on three non-peptide antagonists of oxytocin and vasopressin: penicilide (compound 1; selective for oxytocin receptors), 1-¿1-[4-(3-acetylaminopropoxy(benzoyl]-4-piperidyl¿-3,4-dihydro-2( 1H)-quinoline (compound 2; selective for vasopressin V1 receptors) and 5-dimethylamino-1-¿(2-methylbenzylamino)-benzoyl¿-2,3,4,5-tetrahyd ro-1H-benzapine (compound 3; selective for vasopressin V2 receptors). The obtained low-energy conformations of compound 1 were compared with low-energy conformations of oxytocin (OT) and low-energy conformations of compounds 2 and 3 were compared with low-energy conformations of arginine vasopressin (AVP). It was found that the affinity of the non-peptide antagonists and their selectivity for vasopressin and oxytocin receptors is probably connected with mimicking the aromatic rings of the Tyr2 and the Phe3 residues of AVP in the case of compounds 2 and 3 and with mimicking the Tyr2 residue and the Ile3 or Leu8 residues of OT by the outer benzene ring and the isobutyl group of compound 1. Application of the results in the design of more potent non-peptide antagonists of OT and VP is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Oldziej
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Poland
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Moore GJ, Smith JR, Baylis BW, Matsoukas JM. Design and pharmacology of peptide mimetics. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 1995; 33:91-41. [PMID: 7495678 DOI: 10.1016/s1054-3589(08)60667-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G J Moore
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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