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Firdous F, Riaz S, Furqan M, Fozail S, Fatima K, Pohl SÖG, Doleschall NJ, Myant KB, Kahfi J, Emwas AH, Jaremko M, Chotana GA, Saleem RSZ, Faisal A. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of SSE1806, a Microtubule Destabilizer That Overcomes Multidrug Resistance. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1369-1377. [PMID: 37849542 PMCID: PMC10577696 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are dynamic structures that form spindle fibers during cell division; pharmacological inhibition of microtubule dynamics arrests cells in mitosis, leading to apoptosis, and they have been extensively used to treat various cancers. However, the efficacy of such drugs is often limited by multidrug resistance. This study synthesized and evaluated 30 novel derivatives of podophyllotoxin, a natural antimitotic compound, for their antiproliferative activities. Compound SSE1806 exhibited the most potent antiproliferative activity with GI50 values ranging from 1.29 ± 0.01 to 21.15 ± 2.1 μM in cancer cell lines of different origins; it directly inhibited microtubule polymerization, causing aberrant mitosis and G2/M arrest. Prolonged treatment with SSE1806 increased p53 expression, induced cell death in monolayer cultures, and reduced the growth of mouse- and patient-derived human colon cancer organoids. Importantly, SSE1806 overcame multidrug resistance in a cell line overexpressing MDR-1. Thus, SSE1806 represents a potential anticancer agent that can overcome multidrug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhat Firdous
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science
and Engineering, Lahore University of Management
Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
- Department
of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Sharon Riaz
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science
and Engineering, Lahore University of Management
Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan
- Department
of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Salman Fozail
- Department
of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Khushboo Fatima
- Department
of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Sebastian Öther-Gee Pohl
- Institute
of Genetics and Cancer, The University of
Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Nora Julia Doleschall
- Institute
of Genetics and Cancer, The University of
Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Kevin B. Myant
- Institute
of Genetics and Cancer, The University of
Edinburgh, Western General Hospital Campus, Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Scotland
| | - Jordan Kahfi
- Division
of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- KAUST
Core Laboratories, King Abdullah University
of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Division
of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghayoor Abbas Chotana
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science
and Engineering, Lahore University of Management
Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Rahman Shah Zaib Saleem
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Syed Babar Ali School of Science
and Engineering, Lahore University of Management
Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Amir Faisal
- Department
of Life Sciences, Syed Babar Ali School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
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2
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Swedan HK, Kassab AE, Gedawy EM, Elmeligie SE. Topoisomerase II inhibitors design: Early studies and new perspectives. Bioorg Chem 2023; 136:106548. [PMID: 37094479 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
The DNA topoisomerase enzymes are widely distributed throughout all spheres of life and are necessary for cell function. Numerous antibacterial and cancer chemotherapeutic drugs target the various topoisomerase enzymes because of their roles in maintaining DNA topology during DNA replication and transcription. Agents derived from natural products, like anthracyclines, epipodophyllotoxins and quinolones, have been widely used to treat a variety of cancers. A very active field of fundamental and clinical research is the selective targeting of topoisomerase II enzymes for cancer treatment. This thematic review summarizes the recent advances in the anticancer activity of the most potent topoisomerase II inhibitors (anthracyclines, epipodophyllotoxins and fluoroquinolones) their modes of action, and structure-activity relationships (SARs) organized chronologically in the last ten years from 2013 to 2023. The review also highlights the mechanism of action and SARs of promising new topoisomerase II inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer K Swedan
- Central Administration of Research and Health Development, Ministry of Health, and Population (MoHP), Cairo P.O. Box 11516, Egypt
| | - Asmaa E Kassab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo P.O. Box 11562, Egypt.
| | - Ehab M Gedawy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo P.O. Box 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Industries, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo P.O. Box 11829, Egypt
| | - Salwa E Elmeligie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo P.O. Box 11562, Egypt
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3
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Podophyllotoxin and its derivatives: Potential anticancer agents of natural origin in cancer chemotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114145. [PMID: 36586242 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of plant secondary metabolites has gained considerable attention among clinicians in the prevention and treatment of cancer. A secondary metabolite isolated mainly from the roots and rhizomes of Podophyllum species (Berberidaceae) is aryltetralin lignan - podophyllotoxin (PTOX). The purpose of this review is to discuss the therapeutic properties of PTOX as an important anticancer compound of natural origin. The relevant information regarding the antitumor mechanisms of podophyllotoxin and its derivatives were collected and analyzed from scientific databases. The results of the analysis showed PTOX exhibits potent cytotoxic activity; however, it cannot be used in its pure form due to its toxicity and generation of many side effects. Therefore, it practically remains clinically unusable. Currently, high effort is focused on attempts to synthesize analogs of PTOX that have better properties for therapeutic use e.g. etoposide (VP-16), teniposide, etopophos. PTOX derivatives are used as anticancer drugs which are showing additional immunosuppressive, antiviral, antioxidant, hypolipemic, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this review, attention is paid to the high potential of the usefulness of in vitro cultures of P. peltatum which can be a valuable source of lignans, including PTOX. In conclusion, the preclinical pharmacological studies in vitro and in vivo confirm the anticancer and chemotherapeutic potential of PTOX and its derivatives. In the future, clinical studies on human subjects are needed to certify the antitumor effects and the anticancer mechanisms to be certified and analyzed in more detail and to validate the experimental pharmacological preclinical studies.
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Rana R, Vellanki RN, Wouters BG, Nitz M. Tellurophene-tagging of teniposide facilitates monitoring by mass cytometry. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200284. [PMID: 36040838 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Target engagement and the biodistribution of exogenously administered small molecules is rarely homogenous. Methods to determine the biodistribution at the cellular level are limited by the ability to detect the small molecule and simultaneously identify the cell types or tissue structures with which it is associated. The highly multiplexed nature of mass cytometry could facilitate these studies provided a heavy isotope label was available in the molecule of interest. Here we show it is possible to append a tellurophene to a known chemotherapeutic, teniposide, to follow this molecule in vivo . A semi-synthetic approach offers an efficient route to the teniposide analogue which is found to have indistinguishable characteristics when compared with the parent teniposide in vitro . Using mass cytometry and imaging mass cytometry we find the teniposide analogue has significant non-specific binding to cells. In vivo the tellurium bearing teniposide produces the expected DNA damage in a PANC-1 xenograft model. The distribution of Te in the tissue is near the limits of detection and further work will be required to characterize the localization of this analogue with respect to cell type distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rana
- University of Toronto - St George Campus: University of Toronto, Chemistry, CANADA
| | - Ravi N Vellanki
- University Health Network, Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, CANADA
| | - Bradly G Wouters
- UHN: University Health Network, Departments of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, CANADA
| | - Mark Nitz
- University of Toronto, Chemistry, 80 St. George Street, M5S3H6, Toronto, CANADA
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5
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Podophyllotoxin: History, Recent Advances and Future Prospects. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040603. [PMID: 33921719 PMCID: PMC8073934 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin, along with its various derivatives and congeners are widely recognized as broad-spectrum pharmacologically active compounds. Etoposide, for instance, is the frontline chemotherapeutic drug used against various cancers due to its superior anticancer activity. It has recently been redeveloped for the purpose of treating cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. Podophyllotoxin and its naturally occurring congeners have low bioavailability and almost all these initially discovered compounds cause systemic toxicity and development of drug resistance. Moreover, the production of synthetic derivatives that could suffice for the clinical limitations of these naturally occurring compounds is not economically feasible. These challenges demanded continuous devotions towards improving the druggability of these drugs and continue to seek structure-optimization strategies. The discovery of renewable sources including microbial origin for podophyllotoxin is another possible approach. This review focuses on the exigency of innovation and research required in the global R&D and pharmaceutical industry for podophyllotoxin and related compounds based on recent scientific findings and market predictions.
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Podophyllum derivatives containing fluorine atom in the 3-position of 2-aminopyridine improved the antitumor activity by inducing P53-dependent apoptosis. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1841-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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7
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Kao WF, Hung DZ, Tsai WJ, Lin KP, Deng JF. Podophyllotoxin Intoxication: Toxic Effect of Bajiaolian in Herbal Therapeutics. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 11:480-7. [PMID: 1361136 DOI: 10.1177/096032719201100607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bajiaolian ( Dysosma pleianthum), one species in the Mayapple family, has been widely used as a general remedy and for the treatment of snake bite, weakness, condyloma accuminata, lymphadenopathy and tumours in China for thousands of years. However, the textbooks of traditional Chinese medicine mention little about the toxicity of Bajiaolian. Within 1 year, the authors saw five people who manifested nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, abnormal liver function tests, sensory ataxia, altered consciousness and persistant peripheral tingling or numbness after drinking infusions made with Bajiaolian. The herb was recommended by either traditional Chinese medical doctors or herbal pharmacies for postpartum recovery and treatment of a neck mass, hepatoma, lumbago and dysmenorrhoea. Podophyllotoxin is one of the main ingredients of the Bajiaolian root. The clinical manifestations observed in our patients were consistent with podophyllum intoxication. Podophyllotoxin intoxication usually results from the accidental ingestion or topical application of podophyllum resin. However, these cases of Bajiaolian intoxication were iatrogenic and results from 'therapeutic doses' of Bajiaolian cited in the textbooks of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- W F Kao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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8
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Novel DNA topoisomerase IIα inhibitors from combined ligand- and structure-based virtual screening. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114904. [PMID: 25489853 PMCID: PMC4260913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are enzymes responsible for the relaxation of DNA torsional strain, as well as for the untangling of DNA duplexes after replication, and are important cancer drug targets. One class of topoisomerase inhibitors, “poisons”, binds to the transient enzyme-DNA complex which occurs during the mechanism of action, and inhibits the religation of DNA. This ultimately leads to the accumulation of DNA double strand breaks and cell death. Different types of topoisomerases occur in human cells and several poisons of topoisomerase I and II are widely used clinically. However, their use is compromised by a variety of side effects. Recent studies confirm that the inhibition of the α-isoform of topoisomerase II is responsible for the cytotoxic effect, whereas the inhibition of the β-isoform leads to development of adverse drug reactions. Thus, the discovery of agents selective for topoisomerase IIα is an important strategy for the development of topoisomerase II poisons with improved clinical profiles. Here, we present a computer-aided drug design study leading to the identification of structurally novel topoisomerase IIα poisons. The study combines ligand- and structure-based drug design methods including pharmacophore models, homology modelling, docking, and virtual screening of the National Cancer Institute compound database. From the 8 compounds identified from the computational work, 6 were tested for their capacity to poison topoisomerase II in vitro: 4 showed selective inhibitory activity for the α- over the β-isoform and 3 of these exhibited cytotoxic activity. Thus, our study confirms the applicability of computer-aided methods for the discovery of novel topoisomerase II poisons, and presents compounds which could be investigated further as selective topoisomerase IIα inhibitors.
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9
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SAR analysis and biological studies of synthesized podophyllum derivates obtained by N linkage modification at C-4 position. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:6183-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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11
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Thanh VTT, Pham VC, Mai HDT, Litaudon M, Guéritte F, Retailleau P, Nguyen VH, Chau VM. Cytotoxic lignans from fruits of Cleistanthus indochinensis: synthesis of cleistantoxin derivatives. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:1578-1583. [PMID: 22938151 DOI: 10.1021/np3003832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Two new aryl-tetralin lignans, 1 and 2, were isolated from the fruits of Cleistanthus indochinensis by bioassay-guided purification. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis including MS and 2D NMR. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were established from examination of their CD spectra. Compound 1 was cytotoxic against KB cells with an IC(50) value of 0.022 μM, while compound 2 had weaker cytotoxicity, with an IC(50) value of 1.4 μM. When tested against other cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MCF-7R, and HT29), 1 showed an IC(50) of 0.014 against MCF-7R cells and an IC(50) of 0.036 μM against MCF-7 cells. A series of amide derivatives of a new lactone, homoderivatives of 1, were prepared. Of these derivatives, only compound 3 had weak cytotoxicity against KB cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Trinh Thi Thanh
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry of the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
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12
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Saitoh T, Kuramochi K, Imai T, Takata KI, Takehara M, Kobayashi S, Sakaguchi K, Sugawara F. Podophyllotoxin directly binds a hinge domain in E2 of HPV and inhibits an E2/E7 interaction in vitro. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:5815-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2008] [Revised: 03/17/2008] [Accepted: 03/21/2008] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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13
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Kim HC, Park OS. Efficient stereoselective synthesis of enantiopure 2-substituted paraconic acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2008.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Theoretical study of podophyllotoxin and quinolone analogues as antitumor drugs. Chin J Cancer Res 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/s11670-002-0017-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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15
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Kamal A, Laxman N, Ramesh G. Facile and efficient one-pot synthesis of 4beta-arylaminopodophyllotoxins: synthesis of DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors (NPF and W-68). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2000; 10:2059-62. [PMID: 10999470 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(00)00407-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A series of 4beta-arylamino-4'-O-demethylepipodophyllotoxins and 4beta-arylaminoepipodophyllotoxins have been synthesized with significant stereoselectivity and improved yields by employing the methanesulphonic acid/sodium iodide reagent system. Compounds NPF. W-68 and other DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors are prepared in good to excellent yields by this method and these are active or more active than etoposide in their inhibition of the human DNA topoisomerase II.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kamal
- Division of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad.
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16
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Lu CY, Wang WF, Lin WZ, Xu QG, Pan JX, Han ZH, Yao SD, Lin NY. Pulse radiolysis studies of etoposide and 4′-demethylepipodophyllotoxin in aqueous solution. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0969-806x(99)00321-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Monophotonic ionization of etoposide in aqueous solution by 248 nm laser light: identification of transient intermediates. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(99)00017-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Daley L, Guminski Y, Demerseman P, Kruczynski A, Etiévant C, Imbert T, Hill BT, Monneret C. Synthesis and antitumor activity of new glycosides of epipodophyllotoxin, analogues of etoposide, and NK 611. J Med Chem 1998; 41:4475-85. [PMID: 9804687 DOI: 10.1021/jm9800752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3-amino- and 3-alkylamino-2-deoxy-beta-D-ribo- and beta-D-arabino-glycosides of 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin have been synthesized by means of an improved trimethylsilyliodide procedure for the podophyllotoxin-4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin conversion, an efficient and high yielding synthesis of silyl glycoside donors of 3-azido-2,3-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo- and beta-D-arabino-hexopyranosides and stereoselective glycosylations. In vitro evaluation of cytotoxic effects against murine L1210 leukemia critically demonstrates the essential role played by a 4,6-acetal for biological activity. Among the most cytotoxic compounds, 3-amino-2,3-dideoxy- and 3-N, N-(dimethylamino)-2,3-dideoxy etoposide analogues, 17 and 27-29 are at least as potent as etoposide on the in vivo P388 (iv/ip) murine leukemia models. However, surprisingly enough, none of these compounds inhibits the human DNA topoisomerases I or II or binds to tubulin to prevent its polymerization and microtubule assembly. Therefore, their mechanism of action remains to be cleared up.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Daley
- UMR 176 CNRS/Institut Curie, Section Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm, F-75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
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19
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Allevi P, Ciuffreda P, Longo A, Anastasia M. Lipase-catalysed chemoselective monoacetylation of hydroxyalkylphenols and chemoselective removal of a single acetyl group from their diacetates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(98)00285-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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20
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21
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Bode JW, Doyle MP, Protopopova MN, Zhou QL. Intramolecular Regioselective Insertion into Unactivated Prochiral Carbon−Hydrogen Bonds with Diazoacetates of Primary Alcohols Catalyzed by Chiral Dirhodium(II) Carboxamidates. Highly Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Natural Lignan Lactones. J Org Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jo961607u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W. Bode
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas 78212
| | - Michael P. Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas 78212
| | | | - Qi-Lin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Trinity University, San Antonio, Texas 78212
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22
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Lear Y, Durst T. Synthesis and biological evaluation of carbon-substituted C-4 derivatives of podophyllotoxin. CAN J CHEM 1996. [DOI: 10.1139/v96-187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Several C-4 carbon-substituted analogues of podophyllotoxin, 1, were prepared by treatment of 1 with allyltrimethylsilane or trimethylsilylcyanide in the presence of boron trifluoride etherate. Alternatively, carbon substituents were introduced via additions to the carbobenzyloxy-protected C-4′-dimethylated podophyllotoxone. These 4′-dimethylated derivatives showed promising in vitro antitumour activity and were equally active against human colon cell line HT116 and two multidrug resistant cell lines. The alcohol 6 was evaluated in vivo but was found to be inactive. Key words: podophyllotoxin analogues, podophyllotox-4-one, C4 carbon substituted podophyllotoxins.
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23
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Medarde M, Peláez-Lamamié de Clairac R, Tomé F, López JL, San Feliciano A, Grávalos DG. Heterolignanolides: antitumor activity of furyl-, thienyl-, and pyridyl analogs of lignanolides. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 1995; 328:403-7. [PMID: 7611835 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.19953280503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A new class of heteroaromatic analogs of lignans, called heterolignanolides, have been tested against several tumor cell lines. These compounds carry diverse heterocyclic rings, instead of the trimethoxyphenyl ring found in the natural lignans yatein and podorhizol. They have moderate antineoplastic activity (P-388, A-549, HT-29) compared with that of yatein. None of the tested compounds has discernible antiviral (HSV-1, VSV) or enzyme inhibitor (ADA, DHFR, GST) activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Medarde
- Dept Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica. Fac. Farmacia., Salamanca, Spain
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24
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Castro MA, Gordaliza M, del Corral JMM, Feliciano AS. PREPARATION OF TRIOLS AND ETHERS RELATED TO PODOPHYLLOTOXIN. ORG PREP PROCED INT 1994. [DOI: 10.1080/00304949409458052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Chen CH, Yang LM, Lee TT, Shen YC, Zhang DC, Pan DJ, McPhail AT, McPhail DR, Liu SY, Li DH. Antitumor agents--CLI. Bis(helenalinyl)glutarate and bis(isoalantodiol-B)glutarate, potent inhibitors of human DNA topoisomerase II. Bioorg Med Chem 1994; 2:137-45. [PMID: 7922123 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)82008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Evaluation of a number of cytotoxic antitumor sesquiterpene lactones and their derivatives has led to the discovery of bis(helenalinyl)glutarate (4) and bis(isoalantodiol-B)glutarate (10) as potent inhibitors of human-derived topoisomerase II. Unlike etoposide, which inhibits by preventing the DNA rejoining process, compounds 4 and 10 inhibit topoisomerase II without causing DNA breakage. The structure-activity relationships of 4, 10, and related compounds are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Chen
- Natural Products Laboratory, Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599
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Sinha S, Jain S. Natural products as anticancer agents. PROGRESS IN DRUG RESEARCH. FORTSCHRITTE DER ARZNEIMITTELFORSCHUNG. PROGRES DES RECHERCHES PHARMACEUTIQUES 1994; 42:53-132. [PMID: 7916160 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-0348-7153-2_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Sinha
- Medical Chemistry Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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Sackett DL. Podophyllotoxin, steganacin and combretastatin: natural products that bind at the colchicine site of tubulin. Pharmacol Ther 1993; 59:163-228. [PMID: 8278462 DOI: 10.1016/0163-7258(93)90044-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A large number of antimicrotubule agents are known that bind to tubulin in vitro and disrupt microtubule assembly in vitro and in vivo. Many of these agents bind to the same site on the tubulin molecule, as does colchicine. Of these, the natural products podophyllotoxin, steganacin and combretastatin are the subjects of this review. For each of these, the chemistry and biochemistry are described. Particular attention is given to stereochemical considerations. Biosynthetic pathways for podophyllotoxin and congeners are surveyed. The binding to tubulin and the effects on microtubule assembly and disassembly are described and compared. In addition, structural features important to binding are examined using available analogs. Several features significant for tubulin interaction are common to these compounds and to colchicine. These are described and the implications for tubulin structure are discussed. The manifold results of applying these agents to biological systems are reviewed. These actions include effects that are clearly microtubule mediated and others in which the microtubule role is less obvious. Activity of some of these compounds due to inhibition of DNA topoisomerase is discussed. The range of species in which these compounds occur is examined and in the case of podophyllotoxin is found to be quite broad. In addition, the range of species that are sensitive to the effects of these compounds is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Sackett
- Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Wang ZQ, Shen YC, Chen HX, Chang JY, Guo X, Cheng YC, Lee KH. Antitumor agents. 126. Novel 4 beta-substituted anilino derivatives of 3',4'-O,O-didemethylpodophyllotoxin as potent inhibitors of human DNA topoisomerase II. Pharm Res 1993; 10:343-50. [PMID: 8385331 DOI: 10.1023/a:1018923902760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A series of derivatives of 3',4'-O,O-didemethylpodophyllotoxin have been synthesized and evaluated for their inhibitor activity against neoplastic cell growth (KB) and against human DNA topoisomerase II as well as for their activity in causing cellular protein-linked DNA breakage. The results show that the compounds possessing a 4 beta-anilino moiety either unsubstituted or substituted at the para (F, COOCH3, COCH3, CN, CH2CN, NO2) or meta (OH) positions or with an ethylenedioxy moiety showed the same or greater activity than etoposide in causing cellular protein-linked DNA breakage and in inhibiting DNA topoisomerase II. However, compared to the corresponding 4'-O-demethyl analogues, the 3',4'-O,O-didemethyl compounds have a similar potency in inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II but are less active in causing cellular protein-linked DNA breakage. Complete correlation between the three biological activities--cytotoxicity, inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II, and induction of protein-linked DNA breakage--was also not observed. This supports the possibility that the biological determinants of action among these compounds may be different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Q Wang
- Natural Products Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599
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Coll G, Costa A, Deyá PM, Saá JM. A photochemically-based stereoselective entry to some phenolic trans 2-arylbenzocyclobutenol methyl ethers. Tetrahedron Lett 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(91)80871-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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