1
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Cleves AE, Johnson SR, Jain AN. Synergy and Complementarity between Focused Machine Learning and Physics-Based Simulation in Affinity Prediction. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:5948-5966. [PMID: 34890185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.1c01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present results on the extent to which physics-based simulation (exemplified by FEP+) and focused machine learning (exemplified by QuanSA) are complementary for ligand affinity prediction. For both methods, predictions of activity for LFA-1 inhibitors from a medicinal chemistry lead optimization project were accurate within the applicable domain of each approach. A hybrid model that combined predictions by both approaches by simple averaging performed better than either method, with respect to both ranking and absolute pKi values. Two publicly available FEP+ benchmarks, covering 16 diverse biological targets, were used to test the generality of the synergy. By identifying training data specifically focused on relevant ligands, accurate QuanSA models were derived using ligand activity data known at the time of the original series publications. Results across the 16 benchmark targets demonstrated significant improvements both for ranking and for absolute pKi values using hybrid predictions that combined the FEP+ and QuanSA predicted affinity values. The results argue for a combined approach for affinity prediction that makes use of physics-driven methods as well as those driven by machine learning, each applied carefully on appropriate compounds, with hybrid prediction strategies being employed where possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann E Cleves
- Applied Science, BioPharmics LLC, Santa Rosa, California 95404, United States
| | - Stephen R Johnson
- Computer-Assisted Drug-Design, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey 08648, United States
| | - Ajay N Jain
- Research and Development, BioPharmics LLC, Santa Rosa, California 95404, United States
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2
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Gak Simić K, Đorđević I, Lazić A, Radovanović L, Petković-Benazzouz M, Rogan J, Trišović N, Janjić G. On the supramolecular outcomes of fluorination of cyclohexane-5-spirohydantoin derivatives. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01841d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The crystal packing of two spirohydantoins was analyzed through the contribution of dimeric motifs and different interactions. The cooperative effect was rationalized in terms of the formation of a new region, as a result of the F⋯F interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Gak Simić
- Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- 11120 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Ivana Đorđević
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy
- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia
- University of Belgrade
- 11001 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Anita Lazić
- Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- 11120 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Lidija Radovanović
- Innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- 11120 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | | | - Jelena Rogan
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11120 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Nemanja Trišović
- Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy
- University of Belgrade
- 11120 Belgrade
- Serbia
| | - Goran Janjić
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy
- National Institute of the Republic of Serbia
- University of Belgrade
- 11001 Belgrade
- Serbia
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3
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Jin Y, Ji W, Yang H, Chen S, Zhang W, Duan G. Endothelial activation and dysfunction in COVID-19: from basic mechanisms to potential therapeutic approaches. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:293. [PMID: 33361764 PMCID: PMC7758411 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
On 12 March 2020, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. As of 4 August 2020, more than 18 million confirmed infections had been reported globally. Most patients have mild symptoms, but some patients develop respiratory failure which is the leading cause of death among COVID-19 patients. Endothelial cells with high levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression are major participants and regulators of inflammatory reactions and coagulation. Accumulating evidence suggests that endothelial activation and dysfunction participate in COVID-19 pathogenesis by altering the integrity of vessel barrier, promoting pro-coagulative state, inducing endothelial inflammation, and even mediating leukocyte infiltration. This review describes the proposed cellular and molecular mechanisms of endothelial activation and dysfunction during COVID-19 emphasizing the principal mediators and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefei Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangquan Ji
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaiyin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiguo Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Guangcai Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Han B, Salituro FG, Blanco MJ. Impact of Allosteric Modulation in Drug Discovery: Innovation in Emerging Chemical Modalities. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1810-1819. [PMID: 33062158 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen an unprecedented level of innovation in allosteric drug discovery and development, with multiple drug candidates advancing into clinical studies. From early examples of allosteric drugs like GABAA receptor modulators (benzodiazepines) in the 1960s to more recent GPCR negative allosteric modulators of CCR5 (maraviroc) approved in 2007, the opportunities for interrogating allosteric sites in drug discovery have expanded to other target classes such as protein-protein interactions, kinases, and nuclear hormone receptors. In this Innovation Letter, the authors highlight the latest advances of allosteric drug discovery from different target classes and novel emerging chemical modalities beyond small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingsong Han
- Medicinal Chemistry. Sage Therapeutics, Inc., 215 First Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Francesco G. Salituro
- Medicinal Chemistry. Sage Therapeutics, Inc., 215 First Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Maria-Jesus Blanco
- Medicinal Chemistry. Sage Therapeutics, Inc., 215 First Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
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5
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Zheng Y, Leftheris K. Insights into Protein–Ligand Interactions in Integrin Complexes: Advances in Structure Determinations. J Med Chem 2020; 63:5675-5696. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Zheng
- Pliant Therapeutics, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Katerina Leftheris
- Pliant Therapeutics, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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6
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Ni D, Lu S, Zhang J. Emerging roles of allosteric modulators in the regulation of protein-protein interactions (PPIs): A new paradigm for PPI drug discovery. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:2314-2342. [PMID: 30957264 DOI: 10.1002/med.21585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are closely implicated in various types of cellular activities and are thus pivotal to health and disease states. Given their fundamental roles in a wide range of biological processes, the modulation of PPIs has enormous potential in drug discovery. However, owing to the general properties of large, flat, and featureless interfaces of PPIs, previous attempts have demonstrated that the generation of therapeutic agents targeting PPI interfaces is challenging, rendering them almost "undruggable" for decades. To date, rapid progress in chemical and structural biology techniques has promoted the exploitation of allostery as a novel approach in drug discovery. By attaching to allosteric sites that are topologically and spatially distinct from PPI interfaces, allosteric modulators can achieve improved physiochemical properties. Thus, allosteric modulators may represent an alternative strategy to target intractable PPIs and have attracted intense pharmaceutical interest. In this review, we first briefly introduce the characteristics of PPIs and then present different approaches for investigating PPIs, as well as the latest methods for modulating PPIs. Importantly, we comprehensively review the recent progress in the development of allosteric modulators to inhibit or stabilize PPIs. Finally, we conclude with future perspectives on the discovery of allosteric PPI modulators, especially the application of computational methods to aid in allosteric PPI drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Clinical and Fundamental Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoyong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Clinical and Fundamental Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Medicinal Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Clinical and Fundamental Research Center, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Medicinal Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Center for Single-Cell Omics, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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7
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Garad DN, Mhaske SB. Ru-Catalyzed Regioselective Cascade Annulation of Acrylamides with 2-Alkynoates for the Synthesis of Various 6-Oxo Nicotinic Acid Esters. J Org Chem 2019; 84:1863-1870. [PMID: 30645120 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ru-catalyzed regioselective cascade annulation of acrylamides with 2-alkynoates via aza-Michael/C-H activation sequence for the synthesis of various 6-oxo nicotinic acid esters is described. The regioselectivity of the protocol has been confirmed by performing silver mediated protodecarboxylation of the corresponding 6-oxo nicotinic acid to furnish 2-pyridone. The developed protocol is copper or silver salt-free and uses inexpensive, safe, and environmentally benign peroxide-based "oxone" as the sole oxidant. A redox-neutral version of the protocol is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dnyaneshwar N Garad
- Division of Organic Chemistry , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Pune 411008 , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , Ghaziabad 201002 , India
| | - Santosh B Mhaske
- Division of Organic Chemistry , CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory , Pune 411008 , India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , Ghaziabad 201002 , India
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8
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Allosteric Modulators of Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs). ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1163:313-334. [PMID: 31707709 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8719-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) represent promising drug targets of broad-spectrum therapeutic interests due to their critical implications in both health and disease circumstances. Hence, they are widely accepted as the Holy Grail of drug development. Historically, PPIs were rendered "undruggable" for their large, flat, and pocket-less structures. Current attempts to drug these "intractable" targets include orthosteric and allosteric methodologies. Previous efforts employing orthosteric approaches like protein therapeutics and orthosteric small molecules frequently suffered from poor performance caused by the difficulties in directly targeting PPI interfaces. As structural biology progresses rapidly, allosteric modulators, which direct to the allosteric regulatory sites remote to the PPI surfaces, have gradually established as a potential solution. Allosteric pockets are topologically distal from the PPI orthosteric sites, and their ligands do not need to compete with the PPI partners, which helps to improve the physiochemical and pharmacological properties of allosteric PPI modulators. Thus, exploiting allostery to tailor PPIs is regarded as a tempting strategy in future PPI drug discovery. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of our representative achievements along the way we utilize allosteric effects to tame the difficult PPI systems into druggable targets. Importantly, we provide an in-depth mechanistic analysis of this success, which will be instructive to future related lead optimizations and drug design. Finally, we discuss the current challenges in allosteric PPI drug discovery. Their solutions as well as future perspectives are also presented.
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9
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Bosch J. PPI inhibitor and stabilizer development in human diseases. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2018; 24:3-9. [PMID: 29233297 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
All processes in living organisms are regulated by, or at least influenced by, protein-protein interactions (PPI). Membrane proteins play a fundamental part in this class of interactions: by providing inter-cellular communication and sensing capabilities to the cell, they lead to downstream regulation signaling events. It is therefore not surprising that PPI modulators are of keen interest when developing drug-like molecules for a range of diseases and medical conditions. However, techniques for exploiting PPIs in meaningful ways have only recently become readily available. This review is meant to provide a brief overview of applied techniques for PPI elucidation, and present various case studies of PPI exploitation ranging from early discovery efforts to now-approved market drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Bosch
- Pediatric Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 2109 Adelbert Rd, Biomedical Research Building Room 835, Cleveland, OH, USA; InterRayBio, LLC, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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10
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Yu Q, Yu J, Bao H, Hu X, Ying D, Wu L, Liu F, Jiang H, Jinxia Z, Zhang S. Naturally occurring bioactive 5-ethylidenehydantoins as inspiration for the development of analogues. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2018.1467457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qunying Yu
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingmou Yu
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiou Bao
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Hu
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Danxia Ying
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixia Wu
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Honghong Jiang
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhong Jinxia
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuihua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332000, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Xu S, Zhou GC. A Convenient Synthesis of a Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 (LFA-1) Antagonist of ‘Compound 4’. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.3184/174751918x15272594754006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) antagonist of ‘Compound 4’ was synthesised by a convenient route using cheap, commercially available starting materials and catalysts under mild reaction conditions and by easily handled reactions. The total yield in the preparation of ‘Compound 4’ was more than 38% via Sonogashira coupling of an iodide and an alkyne, reduction of the alkyne catalysed by Raney nickel and later steps involving hydrolysis of an ester, condensation of an acid and an amine and a final hydrolysis of an ester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Chun Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
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12
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Kotha S, Sreevani G. Synthesis of benzyl halide derivatives of spirohydantoins via [2+2+2] cyclotrimerization reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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13
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Synthesis of spiro[imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole-6,3'-pyrrolidine] derivatives. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-018-2244-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Taghavi F, Gholizadeh M, Saljooghi AS, Ramezani M. Cu(ii) immobilized on Fe 3O 4@APTMS-DFX nanoparticles: an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 5-substituted 1 H-tetrazoles with cytotoxic activity. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:1953-1964. [PMID: 30108716 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00302a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cu(ii) immobilized on deferasirox loaded amine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (Cu(ii)/Fe3O4@APTMS-DFX) as a novel magnetically recyclable heterogeneous catalyst is able to catalyze the [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions of various organic nitriles with sodium azide. Using this method, a series of 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles under mild conditions in DMSO were prepared. The reaction involves mild reaction conditions with efficient transformation capability. The developed catalyst could be easily separated by applying an external magnetic field. Furthermore, it could be recycled for 5 runs with negligible leaching of copper from the surface of the catalyst. The catalyst was characterized by various techniques such as FT-IR, TGA, VSM, SEM-EDX, and ICP-OES. Several derivatives of 1H-tetrazoles were prepared using this catalyst, and their structures were confirmed using different techniques. Then, the synthesized anthraquinones were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against several cell lines including MCF-7, MAD-MD-231, HT-29, HeLa, neuro-2a and L-929. The results obtained from the MTT assay revealed that the 6 derivatives exhibited a high level of cytotoxicity. In order to determine the cytotoxicity mechanism, 2 derivatives with the highest cytotoxic activity were selected, and an apoptosis assay was carried out by flow cytometry, which supported that apoptosis is the major mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Taghavi
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of science , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , P. O. Box 91775-1436 , Mashhad , Iran . ; Tel: +98 513880 5527
| | - Mostafa Gholizadeh
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of science , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , P. O. Box 91775-1436 , Mashhad , Iran . ; Tel: +98 513880 5527
| | - Amir Sh Saljooghi
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of science , Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , P. O. Box 91775-1436 , Mashhad , Iran . ; Tel: +98 513880 5527
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center , School of Pharmacy , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , P. O. Box 91775-1365 , Mashhad , Iran
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15
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Aminimanesh A, Shirian S. Synthesis of 5-Substituted Tetrazoles from Nitriles Catalyzed by Sulfamic Acid. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2017.1342510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Aminimanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P. O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Safora Shirian
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, P. O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Konnert L, Lamaty F, Martinez J, Colacino E. Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Hydantoins: The State of the Art of a Valuable Scaffold. Chem Rev 2017. [PMID: 28644621 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The review highlights the hydantoin syntheses presented from the point of view of the preparation methods. Novel synthetic routes to various hydantoin structures, the advances brought to the classical methods in the aim of producing more sustainable and environmentally friendly procedures for the preparation of these biomolecules, and a critical comparison of the different synthetic approaches developed in the last twelve years are also described. The review is composed of 95 schemes, 8 figures and 528 references for the last 12 years and includes the description of the hydantoin-based marketed drugs and clinical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure Konnert
- Université de Montpellier, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS - Universités Montpellier - ENSCM , Place E. Bataillon, Campus Triolet, cc 1703, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Lamaty
- Université de Montpellier, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS - Universités Montpellier - ENSCM , Place E. Bataillon, Campus Triolet, cc 1703, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean Martinez
- Université de Montpellier, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS - Universités Montpellier - ENSCM , Place E. Bataillon, Campus Triolet, cc 1703, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Evelina Colacino
- Université de Montpellier, Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron UMR 5247 CNRS - Universités Montpellier - ENSCM , Place E. Bataillon, Campus Triolet, cc 1703, 34095 Montpellier, France
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17
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Kragstrup TW, Jalilian B, Keller KK, Zhang X, Laustsen JK, Stengaard-Pedersen K, Hetland ML, Hørslev-Petersen K, Junker P, Østergaard M, Hauge EM, Hvid M, Vorup-Jensen T, Deleuran B. Changes in Soluble CD18 in Murine Autoimmune Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis Reflect Disease Establishment and Treatment Response. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148486. [PMID: 26849368 PMCID: PMC4743942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) immune activation and presence of autoantibodies may precede clinical onset of disease, and joint destruction can progress despite remission. However, the underlying temporal changes of such immune system abnormalities in the inflammatory response during treat-to-target strategies remain poorly understood. We have previously reported low levels of the soluble form of CD18 (sCD18) in plasma from patients with chronic RA and spondyloarthritis. Here, we study the changes of sCD18 before and during treatment of early RA and following arthritis induction in murine models of rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS The level of sCD18 was analyzed with a time-resolved immunoflourometric assay in 1) plasma from early treatment naïve RA patients during a treat-to-target strategy (the OPERA cohort), 2) plasma from chronic RA patients, 3) serum from SKG and CIA mice following arthritis induction, and 4) supernatants from synovial fluid mononuclear cells (SFMCs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 6 RA patients cultured with TNFα or adalimumab. RESULTS Plasma levels of sCD18 were decreased in chronic RA patients compared with early RA patients and in early RA patients compared with healthy controls. After 12 months of treatment the levels in early RA patients were similar to healthy controls. This normalization of plasma sCD18 levels was more pronounced in patients with very early disease who achieved an early ACR response. Plasma sCD18 levels were associated with radiographic progression. Correspondingly, the serum level of sCD18 was decreased in SKG mice 6 weeks after arthritis induction compared with healthy littermates. The sCD18 levels in both SKG and CIA mice exhibited a biphasic course after arthritis induction with an initial increase above baseline followed by a decline. Shedding of CD18 from RA SFMC and RA PBMC cultures was increased by TNFα and decreased by adalimumab. CONCLUSIONS The plasma sCD18 levels were altered in patients with RA, in mice with autoimmune arthritis and in cell cultures treated with TNFα and adalimumab. Decreased levels of plasma sCD18 could reflect autoimmunity in transition from early to chronic disease and normalization in response to treatment could reflect autoimmunity in remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tue Wenzel Kragstrup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Babak Jalilian
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Xianwei Zhang
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Merete Lund Hetland
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Mikkel Østergaard
- Copenhagen Center for Arthritis Research, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ellen-Margrethe Hauge
- Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Malene Hvid
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Bent Deleuran
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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18
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Abstract
Modulation of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) is becoming increasingly important in drug discovery and chemical biology. While a few years ago this 'target class' was deemed to be largely undruggable an impressing number of publications and success stories now show that targeting PPIs with small, drug-like molecules indeed is a feasible approach. Here, we summarize the current state of small-molecule inhibition and stabilization of PPIs and review the active molecules from a structural and medicinal chemistry angle, especially focusing on the key examples of iNOS, LFA-1 and 14-3-3.
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Small Molecule Targeting of Protein-Protein Interactions through Allosteric Modulation of Dynamics. Molecules 2015; 20:16435-45. [PMID: 26378508 PMCID: PMC6332300 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200916435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 09/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein–protein interaction (PPI) target class is particularly challenging, but offers potential for “first in class” therapies. Most known PPI small molecules are orthosteric inhibitors but many PPI sites may be fundamentally intractable to this approach. One potential alternative is to consider more attractive, remote small molecule pockets; however, on the whole, allostery is poorly understood and difficult to discover and develop. Here we review the literature in order to understand the basis for allostery, especially as it can apply to PPIs. We suggest that the upfront generation of sophisticated and experimentally validated dynamic models of target proteins can aid in target choice and strategy for allosteric intervention to produce the required functional effect.
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Razavi N, Akhlaghinia B. Cu(ii) immobilized on aminated epichlorohydrin activated silica (CAES): as a new, green and efficient nanocatalyst for preparation of 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra15148h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reusable nanocatalyst was prepared and characterized an efficient and environmentally benign method of 5-substituted-1H-tetrazole synthesis was introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Razavi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
- Mashhad 9177948974
- Iran
| | - Batool Akhlaghinia
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Sciences
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
- Mashhad 9177948974
- Iran
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The use of spirocyclic scaffolds in drug discovery. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:3673-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.06.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 564] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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An efficient synthesis of 5-substituted 1H-tetrazoles via B(C6F5)3 catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition of nitriles and sodium azide. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.04.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Brennan M, Cox D. The therapeutic potential of I-domain integrins. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 819:157-78. [PMID: 25023174 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-9153-3_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to their role in processes central to cancer and autoimmune disease I-domain integrins are an attractive drug target. Both antibodies and small molecule antagonists have been discovered and tested in the clinic. Much of the effort has focused on αLβ2 antagonists. Maybe the most successful was the monoclonal antibody efalizumab, which was approved for the treatment of psoriasis but subsequently withdrawn from the market due to the occurrence of a serious adverse effect (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy). Other monoclonal antibodies were tested for the treatment of reperfusion injury, post-myocardial infarction, but failed to progress due to lack of efficacy. New potent small molecule inhibitors of αv integrins are promising reagents for treating fibrotic disease. Small molecule inhibitors targeting collagen-binding integrins have been discovered and future work will focus on identifying molecules selectively targeting each of the collagen receptors and identifying appropriate target diseases for future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Brennan
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Li Q, Yan TT, Niu S, Zhao YT, Meng XB, Zhao ZH, Li ZJ. Synthesis of a series of multivalent homo-, and heteroglycosides and their anti-adhesion activities. Carbohydr Res 2013; 379:78-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kandalkar SR, Kaduskar RD, Ramaiah PA, Barawkar DA, Bhuniya D, Deshpande AM. Highly efficient one-pot amination of carboxylate-substituted nitrogen-containing heteroaryl chlorides via Staudinger reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Carballedo A, Lisiecka D, Fagan A, Saleh K, Ferguson Y, Connolly G, Meaney J, Frodl T. Early life adversity is associated with brain changes in subjects at family risk for depression. World J Biol Psychiatry 2012; 13:569-78. [PMID: 22515408 DOI: 10.3109/15622975.2012.661079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The interplay of genetic and early environmental factors is recognized as an important factor in the aetiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of the present study was to examine whether reduced volume of hippocampus and frontal brain regions involved in emotional regulation are already present in unaffected healthy individuals at genetic risk of suffering MDD and to investigate whether early life adversity is a relevant factor interacting with these reduced brain structures. METHOD Twenty unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with MDD (FHP: family history positive) and 20 healthy controls (FHN: family history negative) underwent high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Manual tracing of hippocampal sub-regions and voxel-based morphometry was used to compare groups and find association to early life adversity. RESULTS FHP subjects with history of emotional abuse had significantly smaller left and right hippocampal heads. VBM also showed smaller dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (DLPFC), medial prefrontal cortices (MPFC) and anterior cortex cinguli in FHP who had a previous history of emotional abuse. CONCLUSION High risk individuals for depression have reduced volume of brain regions related to emotional processing in particular when they additionally suffered childhood abuse, indicating that genetic and environmental factors like early life adversity influence brain structure possibly via epigenetic mechanisms and thus structural anomalies may precede the onset of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Carballedo
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Neuroscience, Adelaide and Meath Hospital incorporating the National Children's Hospital (AMNCH), St. James's Hospital and Centre of Advanced Medical Imaging (CAMI), University Dublin, Trinity College, Ireland
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Wright SW. Preparation of 2-, 4-, 5-, and 6-aminonicotinic acid tert-butyl esters. J Heterocycl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Olimpieri F, Bellucci MC, Marcelli T, Volonterio A. Regioselective multicomponent sequential synthesis of hydantoins. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:9538-55. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26498f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Cristina Bellucci M, Marcelli T, Scaglioni L, Volonterio A. Synthesis of diverse spiroisoxazolidinohydantoins by totally regio- and diasteroselective 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions. RSC Adv 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ra00573a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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DelMonte AJ, Fan Y, Girard KP, Jones GS, Waltermire RE, Rosso V, Wang X. Kilogram Synthesis of a Second-Generation LFA-1/ICAM Inhibitor. Org Process Res Dev 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/op100225g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert J. DelMonte
- Process Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, P.O. Box 191, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0191, United States
| | - Yu Fan
- Process Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, P.O. Box 191, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0191, United States
| | - Kevin P. Girard
- Process Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, P.O. Box 191, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0191, United States
| | - Gregory S. Jones
- Process Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, P.O. Box 191, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0191, United States
| | - Robert E. Waltermire
- Process Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, P.O. Box 191, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0191, United States
| | - Victor Rosso
- Process Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, P.O. Box 191, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0191, United States
| | - Xuebao Wang
- Process Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, One Squibb Drive, P.O. Box 191, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0191, United States
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Cox D, Brennan M, Moran N. Integrins as therapeutic targets: lessons and opportunities. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2010; 9:804-20. [PMID: 20885411 DOI: 10.1038/nrd3266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The integrins are a large family of cell adhesion molecules that are essential for the regulation of cell growth and function. The identification of key roles for integrins in a diverse range of diseases, including cancer, infection, thrombosis and autoimmune disorders, has revealed their substantial potential as therapeutic targets. However, so far, pharmacological inhibitors for only three integrins have received marketing approval. This article discusses the structure and function of integrins, their roles in disease and the chequered history of the approved integrin antagonists. Recent advances in the understanding of integrin function, ligand interaction and signalling pathways suggest novel strategies for inhibiting integrin function that could help harness their full potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dermot Cox
- Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephens Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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