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Tseng YW, Yang TJ, Hsu YL, Liu JH, Tseng YC, Hsu TW, Lu Y, Pan SH, Cheng TJR, Fang JM. Dual-targeting compounds possessing enhanced anticancer activity via microtubule disruption and histone deacetylase inhibition. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116042. [PMID: 38141287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Dual-targeting anticancer agents 4-29 are designed by combining the structural features of purine-type microtubule-disrupting compounds and HDAC inhibitors. A library of the conjugate compounds connected by appropriate linkers was synthesized and found to possess HDACs inhibitory activity and render microtubule fragmentation by activating katanin, a microtubule-severing protein. Among various zinc-binding groups, hydroxamic acid shows the highest inhibitory activity of Class I HDACs, which was also reconfirmed by three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) pharmacophore prediction. The purine-hydroxamate conjugates exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity against MDA-MB231 breast cancer cells, H1975 lung cancer cells, and various clinical isolated non-small-cell lung cancer cells with different epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status. Pyridyl substituents could be used to replace the C2 and N9 phenyl moieties in the purine-type scaffold, which can help to improve the solubility under physiological conditions, thus increasing cytotoxicity. In mice treated with the purine-hydroxamate conjugates, the tumor growth rate was significantly reduced without causing toxic effects. Our study demonstrates the potential of the dual-targeting purine-hydroxamate compounds for cancer monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Tseng
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jung Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Jyung-Hurng Liu
- Graduate Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Chen Tseng
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Wei Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Yueh Lu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Hua Pan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Doctoral Degree Program of Translational Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
| | | | - Jim-Min Fang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan; The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
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Kulthinee S, Yano N, Zhuang S, Wang L, Zhao TC. Critical Functions of Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) in Modulating Inflammation Associated with Cardiovascular Diseases. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2022; 29:471-485. [PMID: 35997393 PMCID: PMC9397025 DOI: 10.3390/pathophysiology29030038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a superfamily of enzymes that catalyze the removal of acetyl functional groups from lysine residues of histone and non-histone proteins. There are 18 mammalian HDACs, which are classified into four classes based on the primary homology with yeast HDACs. Among these groups, Class I and II HDACs play a major role in lysine deacetylation of the N-terminal histone tails. In mammals, HDACs play a pivotal role in the regulation of gene transcription, cell growth, survival, and proliferation. HDACs regulate the expression of inflammatory genes, as evidenced by the potent anti-inflammatory activity of pan-HDAC inhibitors, which were implicated in several pathophysiologic states in the inflammation process. However, it is unclear how each of the 18 HDAC proteins specifically contributes to the inflammatory gene expression. It is firmly established that inflammation and its inability to converge are central mechanisms in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that several different pro-inflammatory cytokines regulated by HDACs are associated with various CVDs. Based on this hypothesis, the potential for the treatment of CVDs with HDAC inhibitors has recently begun to attract attention. In this review, we will briefly discuss (1) pathophysiology of inflammation in cardiovascular disease, (2) the function of HDACs in the regulation of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, and (3) the possible therapeutic implications of HDAC inhibitors in cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies reveal that histone deacetylase contributes critically to mediating the pathophysiology of inflammation in cardiovascular disease. HDACs are also recognized as one of the major mechanisms in the regulation of inflammation and cardiovascular function. HDACs show promise in developing potential therapeutic implications of HDAC inhibitors in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supaporn Kulthinee
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Laboratories, Department of Surgery and Plastic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Naohiro Yano
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Shougang Zhuang
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Lijiang Wang
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Laboratories, Department of Surgery and Plastic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Ting C. Zhao
- Cardiovascular and Metabolism Laboratories, Department of Surgery and Plastic Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903, USA
- Department of Surgery, Boston University Medical School, Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-401-456-8266; Fax: +1-401-456-2507
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New trinuclear nickel(II) complexes as potential topoisomerase I/IIα inhibitors: in vitro DNA binding, cleavage and cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-02005-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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4
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Nikravesh H, Khodayar MJ, Behmanesh B, Mahdavinia M, Teimoori A, Alboghobeish S, Zeidooni L. The combined effect of dichloroacetate and 3-bromopyruvate on glucose metabolism in colorectal cancer cell line, HT-29; the mitochondrial pathway apoptosis. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:903. [PMID: 34364387 PMCID: PMC8349486 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is regarded as the first line treatment for colorectal cancer; however, its effectiveness is limited by drug resistance. The ultimate goal of cancer therapy is induction of cancer cell death to achieve an effective outcome with minimal side effects. The present work aimed to assess the anti-cancer activities of mitocans which can be considered as an effective anticancer drug due to high specificity in targeting cancer cells. Methods MTT (3–4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was performed to determine the effects of our mitocans on cell viability and cell death. Apoptosis and necrosis, caspase 3 activity, mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS production in HT29 cell lines were analyzed by ApopNexin™ FITC/PI Kit, Caspase- 3 Assay Kit, MitoTracker Green and DCFH-DA, respectively. Moreover, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression level of pro-apoptotic (Bax) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) genes in HT29 cell lines. Results Treatment with mitocans (3Br-P + DCA) inhibited the growth of HT29. Moreover, 3Br-P + DCA significantly induced apoptosis and necrosis, activation of caspase 3 activity, depolarize the mitochondrial membrane potential, and ROS production. At a molecular level, 3Br-P + DCA treatment remarkably down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2, while up-regulated the expression of Bax. Conclusion Mitocans, in particular the combined drug, 3Br-P + DCA, could be regarded and more evaluated as a safe and effective compound for CRC treatment. Targeting hexokinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase enzymes may be an option to overcome 5-FU -mediated chemo-resistant in colorectal cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08564-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojatolla Nikravesh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Toxicology Research Center,Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Babak Behmanesh
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Masoud Mahdavinia
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. .,Toxicology Research Center,Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Ali Teimoori
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Soheila Alboghobeish
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Leila Zeidooni
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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5
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Li X, Li X, Liu F, Li S, Shi D. Rational Multitargeted Drug Design Strategy from the Perspective of a Medicinal Chemist. J Med Chem 2021; 64:10581-10605. [PMID: 34313432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The development of multitarget-directed ligands (MTDLs) has become a widely focused research topic, but rational design remains as an enormous challenge. This paper reviews and discusses the design strategy of incorporating the second activity into an existing single-active ligand. If the binding sites of both targets share similar endogenous substrates, MTDLs can be designed by merging two lead compounds with similar functional groups. If the binding sites are large or adjacent to the solution, two key pharmacophores can be fused directly. If the binding regions are small and deep inside the proteins, the linked-pharmacophore strategy might be the only way. The added pharmacophores of second targets should not affect the binding mode of the original ones. Moreover, the inhibitory activities of the two targets need to be adjusted to achieve an optimal ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Dayong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, P. R. China
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Discovery of an orally active VHL-recruiting PROTAC that achieves robust HMGCR degradation and potent hypolipidemic activity in vivo. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1300-1314. [PMID: 34094835 PMCID: PMC8148065 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) protein is usually upregulated after statin (HMGCR inhibitor) treatment, which inevitably diminishes its therapeutic efficacy, provoking the need for higher doses associated with adverse effects. The proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology has recently emerged as a powerful approach for inducing protein degradation. Nonetheless, due to their bifunctional nature, developing orally bioavailable PROTACs remains a great challenge. Herein, we identified a powerful HMGCR-targeted PROTAC (21c) comprising a VHL ligand conjugated to lovastatin acid that potently degrades HMGCR in Insig-silenced HepG2 cells (DC50 = 120 nmol/L) and forms a stable ternary complex, as predicated by a holistic modeling protocol. Most importantly, oral administration of the corresponding lactone 21b reveled favorable plasma exposures referring to both the parent 21b and the conversed acid 21c. Further in vivo studies of 21b demonstrated robust HMGCR degradation and potent cholesterol reduction in mice with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia, highlighting a promising strategy for treating hyperlipidemia and associated diseases.
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Key Words
- CRBN, cereblon
- CVD, cardiovascular disease
- Cholesterol reduction
- DC50, half degradation concentration
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- H&E, hematoxylin/eosin
- HDAC, histone deacetylase
- HMGCR
- HMGCR, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase
- LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- MFD, medium fat diet
- ORO, oil-red O
- Oral bioavailability
- PK, pharmacokinetic
- PROTAC, proteolysis-targeting chimera
- PROTACs
- SAR, structure–activity relationship
- TC, total cholesterol
- TG, triglyceride
- VHL, von Hippel-Lindau
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7
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Cheung BB, Kleynhans A, Mittra R, Kim PY, Holien JK, Nagy Z, Ciampa OC, Seneviratne JA, Mayoh C, Raipuria M, Gadde S, Massudi H, Wong IPL, Tan O, Gong A, Suryano A, Diakiw SM, Liu B, Arndt GM, Liu T, Kumar N, Sangfelt O, Zhu S, Norris MD, Haber M, Carter DR, Parker MW, Marshall GM. A novel combination therapy targeting ubiquitin-specific protease 5 in MYCN-driven neuroblastoma. Oncogene 2021; 40:2367-2381. [PMID: 33658627 PMCID: PMC8016666 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01712-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are effective in MYCN-driven cancers, because of a unique need for HDAC recruitment by the MYCN oncogenic signal. However, HDAC inhibitors are much more effective in combination with other anti-cancer agents. To identify novel compounds which act synergistically with HDAC inhibitor, such as suberanoyl hydroxamic acid (SAHA), we performed a cell-based, high-throughput drug screen of 10,560 small molecule compounds from a drug-like diversity library and identified a small molecule compound (SE486-11) which synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic effects of SAHA. Effects of drug combinations on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and colony forming were assessed in a panel of neuroblastoma cell lines. Treatment with SAHA and SE486-11 increased MYCN ubiquitination and degradation, and markedly inhibited tumorigenesis in neuroblastoma xenografts, and, MYCN transgenic zebrafish and mice. The combination reduced ubiquitin-specific protease 5 (USP5) levels and increased unanchored polyubiquitin chains. Overexpression of USP5 rescued neuroblastoma cells from the cytopathic effects of the combination and reduced unanchored polyubiquitin, suggesting USP5 is a therapeutic target of the combination. SAHA and SE486-11 directly bound to USP5 and the drug combination exhibited a 100-fold higher binding to USP5 than individual drugs alone in microscale thermophoresis assays. MYCN bound to the USP5 promoter and induced USP5 gene expression suggesting that USP5 and MYCN expression created a forward positive feedback loop in neuroblastoma cells. Thus, USP5 acts as an oncogenic cofactor with MYCN in neuroblastoma and the novel combination of HDAC inhibitor with SE486-11 represents a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of MYCN-driven neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belamy B Cheung
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Ane Kleynhans
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rituparna Mittra
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Patrick Y Kim
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica K Holien
- ACRF Rational Drug Discovery Centre, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Zsuzsanna Nagy
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Olivia C Ciampa
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Janith A Seneviratne
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mukesh Raipuria
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Satyanarayana Gadde
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hassina Massudi
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Iris Poh Ling Wong
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Owen Tan
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Gong
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aldwin Suryano
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sonya M Diakiw
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bing Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Greg M Arndt
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tao Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Naresh Kumar
- School of Chemistry, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Olle Sangfelt
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shizhen Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Center and Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel R Carter
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael W Parker
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
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8
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Bytautaite M, Petrikaite V. Comparative Study of Lipophilic Statin Activity in 2D and 3D in vitro Models of Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:13201-13209. [PMID: 33380809 PMCID: PMC7769197 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s283033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Statins are a type of drugs that are used to lower cholesterol level in blood. Since the early 1990s, it has been known that statins could be beneficial in cancer therapy. However, data remain controversial, especially regarding estrogen receptors status. Despite many studies in breast cancer models in vitro, the correlations of effects of separate statins in various model systems remain unclear. Aim Our aim was to evaluate the anticancer activity of lovastatin, mevastatin, pitavastatin and simvastatin on different subtypes of human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines) in spatially different 2D and 3D cultures in vitro. Materials and Methods Cell viability was tested using MTT assay. Effect of statins on cell colony formation was evaluated by calculating breast cancer cell colony area and number. The effect on cell migration was estimated by “wound healing” assay. The activity of compounds in 3D cultures was evaluated by measuring the spheroid size changes during incubation. Results Among the tested statins, pitavastatin had the greatest effect on the viability of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines. The mevastatin and pitavastatin mostly decreased the MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell colony formation. All statins at 90% of their estimated effective concentration (EC50) and simvastatin at 10% of its EC50 concentration suppressed the MCF-7 cells migration in “wound healing” assay. Only higher concentrations of mevastatin and pitavastatin slowed down the MDA-MB-231 cell migration. Statins showed different activity on 3D cell cultures growth. Lovastatin and simvastatin delayed the growth of MDA-MB-231 cell spheroids, while mevastatin and pitavastatin reduced the growth of MCF-7 spheroids. Conclusion Statins possess different anticancer activity in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell cultures. Pitavastatin and simvastatin showed the highest activity in most tested assays, especially against MCF-7 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meda Bytautaite
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, LT-50162, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Petrikaite
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, LT-50162, Lithuania
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9
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Ahmadi M, Amiri S, Pecic S, Machaj F, Rosik J, Łos MJ, Alizadeh J, Mahdian R, da Silva Rosa SC, Schaafsma D, Shojaei S, Madrakian T, Zeki AA, Ghavami S. Pleiotropic effects of statins: A focus on cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165968. [PMID: 32927022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The statin drugs ('statins') potently inhibit hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase by competitively blocking the active site of the enzyme. Statins decrease de novo cholesterol biosynthesis and thereby reduce plasma cholesterol levels. Statins exhibit "pleiotropic" properties that are independent of their lipid-lowering effects. For example, preclinical evidence suggests that statins inhibit tumor growth and induce apoptosis in specific cancer cell types. Furthermore, statins show chemo-sensitizing effects by impairing Ras family GTPase signaling. However, whether statins have clinically meaningful anti-cancer effects remains an area of active investigation. Both preclinical and clinical studies on the potential mechanisms of action of statins in several cancers have been reviewed in the literature. Considering the contradictory data on their efficacy, we present an up-to-date summary of the pleiotropic effects of statins in cancer therapy and review their impact on different malignancies. We also discuss the synergistic anti-cancer effects of statins when combined with other more conventional anti-cancer drugs to highlight areas of potential therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazaher Ahmadi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Shayan Amiri
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, R4046 - 351 Taché Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba R2H 2A6, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Stevan Pecic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Fullerton, CA, USA
| | - Filip Machaj
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jakub Rosik
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marek J Łos
- Biotechnology Center, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Javad Alizadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Reza Mahdian
- Molecular Medicine Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simone C da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | | | - Shahla Shojaei
- College of Pharmacy, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Tayyebeh Madrakian
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Amir A Zeki
- University of California, Davis School of Medicine. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine. U.C. Davis Lung Center, Davis, California, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Mather, California, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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10
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Recent progress on HDAC inhibitors with dual targeting capabilities for cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 208:112831. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Lin CH, Lin HY, Fang JM, Chen CC. A dual inhibitor targeting HMG-CoA reductase and histone deacetylase mitigates neurite degeneration in LRRK2-G2019S parkinsonism. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:25581-25598. [PMID: 33231564 PMCID: PMC7803522 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is among the most common neurodegenerative disorders, and its etiology involves both genetic and environmental factors. The leucine-rich repeat kinase (LRRK2) G2019S mutation is the most common genetic cause of familial and sporadic PD. Current treatment is limited to dopaminergic supplementation, as no disease-modifying therapy is available yet. Recent evidence reveals that HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) inhibitors (statins) exert neuroprotection through anti-neuroinflammatory effects, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors mitigate neurodegeneration by promoting the transcription of neuronal survival factors. We designed and synthesized a dual inhibitor, statin hydroxamate JMF3086, that simultaneously inhibits HMGR and HDAC, and examined its neuroprotective effects on LRRK2-G2019S parkinsonism. JMF3086 restored dopaminergic neuron loss in aged LRRK2-G2019S flies and rescued neurite degeneration in primary hippocampal and dopaminergic neurons isolated from transgenic LRRK2-G2019S mice. The molecular mechanisms included downregulation of ERK1/2 phosphorylation, increased anti-apoptotic Akt phosphorylation, and inhibition of GSK3β activity to maintain cytoskeletal stability in stably transfected LRRK2-G2019S SH-SY5Y human dopaminergic cells. JMF3086 also promoted a-tubulin acetylation and kinesin-1 expression, facilitating antegrade mitochondrial transport in axons. Our findings demonstrate that JMF3086 exerted beneficial effects on restoring LRRK2-G2019S neurite degeneration by maintaining microtubule stability. This dual-target compound may be a promising mechanism-based therapy for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Hsien Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Han-Yi Lin
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Jim-Min Fang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chow Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
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12
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Discovery of 12O-A Novel Oral Multi-Kinase Inhibitor for the Treatment of Solid Tumor. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215199. [PMID: 33182255 PMCID: PMC7664879 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of pyrimidine-benzotriazole derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer activity against human solid tumor cell lines. The most promising molecule 12O was identified for its excellent antiproliferative activities, especially against the SiHa cell line with IC50 value as 0.009 μM. Kinase inhibition assay assessed 12O was a potential multi-kinase inhibitor, which possessed potent inhibitory activities against cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and fms-like tyrosine kinase (FLT) with IC50 values in the nanomolar range. Molecular docking studies illustrated that the introduction of triazole moiety in 12O was critical for CDKs inhibition. In addition, 12O inhibited cancer cell proliferation, colony-formation, and cell cycle progression and provoked apoptotic death in vitro. In an SiHa xenograft mouse model, a once-daily dose of compound 12O at 20 mg/kg significantly suppressed the tumor growth without obvious toxicity. Taken together, 12O provided valuable guide for further structural optimization for CDKs and FLT inhibitors.
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13
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Muniandy A, Lee CS, Lim WH, Pichika MR, Mak KK. Hyperbranched poly(glycerol esteramide): A biocompatible drug carrier from glycerol feedstock and dicarboxylic acid. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amala Muniandy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmacy, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
- Advanced Oleochemical Technology Division Malaysian Palm Oil Board Bandar Baru Bangi Malaysia
| | - Choy Sin Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmacy, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Wen Huei Lim
- Advanced Oleochemical Technology Division Malaysian Palm Oil Board Bandar Baru Bangi Malaysia
| | - Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmacy, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Kit Kay Mak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry School of Pharmacy, International Medical University Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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14
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Bass AKA, El-Zoghbi MS, Nageeb ESM, Mohamed MFA, Badr M, Abuo-Rahma GEDA. Comprehensive review for anticancer hybridized multitargeting HDAC inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 209:112904. [PMID: 33077264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite the encouraging clinical progress of chemotherapeutic agents in cancer treatment, innovation and development of new effective anticancer candidates still represents a challenging endeavor. With 15 million death every year in 2030 according to the estimates, cancer has increased rising of an alarm as a real crisis for public health and health systems worldwide. Therefore, scientist began to introduce innovative solutions to control the cancer global health problem. One of the promising strategies in this issue is the multitarget or smart hybrids having two or more pharmacophores targeting cancer. These rationalized hybrid molecules have gained great interests in cancer treatment as they are capable to simultaneously inhibit more than cancer pathway or target without drug-drug interactions and with less side effects. A prime important example of these hybrids, the HDAC hybrid inhibitors or referred as multitargeting HDAC inhibitors. The ability of HDAC inhibitors to synergistically improve the efficacy of other anti-cancer drugs and moreover, the ease of HDAC inhibitors cap group modification prompt many medicinal chemists to innovate and develop new generation of HDAC hybrid inhibitors. Notably, and during this short period, there are four HDAC inhibitor hybrids have entered different phases of clinical trials for treatment of different types of blood and solid tumors, namely; CUDC-101, CUDC-907, Tinostamustine, and Domatinostat. This review shed light on the most recent hybrids of HDACIs with one or more other cancer target pharmacophore. The designed multitarget hybrids include topoisomerase inhibitors, kinase inhibitors, nitric oxide releasers, antiandrogens, FLT3 and JAC-2 inhibitors, PDE5-inhibitors, NAMPT-inhibitors, Protease inhibitors, BRD4-inhibitors and other targets. This review may help researchers in development and discovery of new horizons in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr K A Bass
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Mona S El-Zoghbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - El-Shimaa M Nageeb
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh F A Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, 82524 Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Badr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Gamal El-Din A Abuo-Rahma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, New Minia, Minia, Egypt.
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15
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Longo J, van Leeuwen JE, Elbaz M, Branchard E, Penn LZ. Statins as Anticancer Agents in the Era of Precision Medicine. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:5791-5800. [PMID: 32887721 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-1967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Statins are widely prescribed cholesterol-lowering drugs that inhibit HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), the rate-limiting enzyme of the mevalonate metabolic pathway. Multiple lines of evidence indicate that certain cancers depend on the mevalonate pathway for growth and survival, and, therefore, are vulnerable to statin therapy. However, these immediately available, well-tolerated, and inexpensive drugs have yet to be successfully repurposed and integrated into cancer patient care. In this review, we highlight recent advances and outline important considerations for advancing statins to clinical trials in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Longo
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jenna E van Leeuwen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mohamad Elbaz
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily Branchard
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Linda Z Penn
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Di Bello E, Zwergel C, Mai A, Valente S. The Innovative Potential of Statins in Cancer: New Targets for New Therapies. Front Chem 2020; 8:516. [PMID: 32626692 PMCID: PMC7312214 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous and different types of cancers possess the dysregulation of the mevalonate pathway as a common feature. Statins, traditionally applied in cardiovascular diseases to reduce lipid levels, subsequently have been discovered to exhibit anti-cancer activities also. Indeed, statins influence proliferation, migration, and survival of cancer cells by regulating crucial signaling proteins, such as Rho, Ras, and Rac. Recently, several studies have demonstrated that simvastatin, fluvastatin, and lovastatin are implicated in different pathways that enhance the survival time of patients with cancer under treatment in combination with antineoplastic agents. In this minireview, we present an overview of the most important studies conducted regarding the use of statins in cancer therapy up to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Di Bello
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Clemens Zwergel
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Department of Precision Medicine, Luigi Vanvitelli, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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17
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The Development Process: from SAHA to Hydroxamate HDAC Inhibitors with Branched CAP Region and Linear Linker. Chem Biodivers 2019; 17:e1900427. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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Lenstra DC, Wolf JJ, Mecinović J. Catalytic Staudinger Reduction at Room Temperature. J Org Chem 2019; 84:6536-6545. [PMID: 31050295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We report an efficient catalytic Staudinger reduction at room temperature that enables the preparation of a structurally diverse set of amines from azides in excellent yields. The reaction is based on the use of catalytic amounts of triphenylphosphine as a phosphine source and diphenyldisiloxane as a reducing agent. Our catalytic Staudinger reduction exhibits a high chemoselectivity, as exemplified by reduction of azides over other common functionalities, including nitriles, alkenes, alkynes, esters, and ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny C Lenstra
- Institute for Molecules and Materials , Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135 , Nijmegen 6525 AJ , The Netherlands
| | - Joris J Wolf
- Institute for Molecules and Materials , Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135 , Nijmegen 6525 AJ , The Netherlands
| | - Jasmin Mecinović
- Institute for Molecules and Materials , Radboud University , Heyendaalseweg 135 , Nijmegen 6525 AJ , The Netherlands.,Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy , University of Southern Denmark , Campusvej 55 , Odense 5230 , Denmark
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19
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Jiang X, Yu J, Zhou Z, Kongsted J, Song Y, Pannecouque C, De Clercq E, Kang D, Poongavanam V, Liu X, Zhan P. Molecular design opportunities presented by solvent‐exposed regions of target proteins. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:2194-2238. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Jiang
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryKey Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Ji Yu
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryKey Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxia Zhou
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryKey Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Jacob Kongsted
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and PharmacyUniversity of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Yuning Song
- Department of Clinical PharmacyQilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Christophe Pannecouque
- Rega Institute for Medical ResearchLaboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy Leuven Belgium
| | - Erik De Clercq
- Rega Institute for Medical ResearchLaboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy Leuven Belgium
| | - Dongwei Kang
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryKey Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
| | | | - Xinyong Liu
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryKey Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhan
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryKey Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University Jinan Shandong People's Republic of China
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20
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Statins Do Not Directly Inhibit the Activity of Major Epigenetic Modifying Enzymes. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040516. [PMID: 30974899 PMCID: PMC6521159 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential anticancer effects of statins-a widely used class of cholesterol lowering drugs-has generated significant interest, as has the use of epigenetic modifying drugs such as HDAC and DNMT inhibitors. We set out to investigate the effect of statin drugs on epigenetic modifications in multiple cell lines, including hepatocellular carcinoma, breast carcinoma, leukemic macrophages, cervical adenocarcinoma, and insulin-secreting cells, as well as liver extracts from statin-treated C57B1/6J mice. Cells or cell extracts were treated with statins and with established epigenetic modulators, and HDAC, HAT, and DNMT activities were quantified. We also examined histone acetylation by immunoblotting. Statins altered neither HDAC nor HAT activity. Accordingly, acetylation of histones H3 and H4 was unchanged with statin treatment. However, statins tended to increase DNMT activity. These results indicate that direct inhibition of the major classes of epigenetic modifying enzymes, as previously reported elsewhere, is unlikely to contribute to any anticancer effects of statins. This study concerned global effects on epigenetic enzyme activities and histone acetylation; whether statins influence epigenetic modifications in certain genomic regions, cannot be ruled out and remains to be investigated.
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21
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Lin CK, Liu ST, Chang CC, Huang SM. Regulatory mechanisms of fluvastatin and lovastatin for the p21 induction in human cervical cancer HeLa cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214408. [PMID: 30939155 PMCID: PMC6445431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
p21, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase, functions as an oncogene or tumor suppressor depending on the context of a variety of extracellular and intracellular signals. The expression of p21 could be regulated at the transcriptional and/or post-translational levels. The p21 gene is well-known to be regulated in both p53-dependent and -independent manners. However, the detailed regulatory mechanisms of p21 messenger RNA and protein expression via statins remain unknown, and the possible application of statins as anticancer reagents remains to be controversial. Our data showed that the statins-fluvastatin and lovastatin-induced p21 expression as general histone deacetylase inhibitors in a p53-independent manner, which is mediated through various pathways, such as apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle progression, and DNA damage, to be involved in the function of p21 in HeLa cells. The curative effect repositioning of digoxin, a cardiovascular medication, was combined with fluvastatin and lovastatin, and the results further implied that p21 induction is involved in a p53-dependent and p53-independent manner. Digoxin modified the effects of statins on ATF3, p21, p53, and cyclin D1 expression, while fluvastatin boosted its DNA damage effect and lovastatin impeded its DNA damage effect. Fluvastatin and lovastatin combined with digoxin further support the localization specificity of their interactivity with our subcellular localization data. This study will not only clarify the regulatory mechanisms of p21 induction by statins but will also shed light on the repurposing of widely cardiovascular medications for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Kang Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shu-Ting Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Chang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail: (C-CC); (S-MH)
| | - Shih-Ming Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
- * E-mail: (C-CC); (S-MH)
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22
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Alam MA. Methods for Hydroxamic Acid Synthesis. CURR ORG CHEM 2019; 23:978-993. [PMID: 32565717 PMCID: PMC7304568 DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666190424142821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Substituted hydroxamic acid is one of the most extensively studied pharmacophores because of their ability to chelate biologically important metal ions to modulate various enzymes, such as HDACs, urease, metallopeptidase, and carbonic anhydrase. Syntheses and biological studies of various classes of hydroxamic acid derivatives have been reported in numerous research articles in recent years but this is the first review article dedicated to their synthetic methods and their application for the synthesis of these novel molecules. In this review article, commercially available reagents and preparation of hydroxylamine donating reagents have also been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A. Alam
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR 72467, USA
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23
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Sangwan R, Rajan R, Mandal PK. HDAC as onco target: Reviewing the synthetic approaches with SAR study of their inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 158:620-706. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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24
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Song J, Hur HJ, Lee JW, Wenas MA, Chung SH, Kim DW, Jang J, Min KH. The Propionyl Ester of Lovastatin Decreases the Levels of Very Long Chain Fatty Acids in Fibroblasts Derived from Patients with X-linked Adrenoleukodystrophy. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiho Song
- College of Pharmacy; Chung-Ang University; Seoul 06974 Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Hur
- Department of Physiology and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Jung Wuk Lee
- College of Pharmacy; Chung-Ang University; Seoul 06974 Korea
| | | | | | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Physiology and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Jiho Jang
- Department of Physiology and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul 03722 Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Min
- College of Pharmacy; Chung-Ang University; Seoul 06974 Korea
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25
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Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) beyond EGFR mutations per se is a common mechanism for acquired resistance to EGFR TKI. Oncogene 2018; 38:455-468. [PMID: 30111817 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) is a major advance in treating NSCLC with EGFR-activating mutations. However, acquired resistance, due partially to secondary mutations limits their use. Here we report that NSCLC cells with acquired resistance to gefitinib or osimertinib (AZD9291) exhibit EMT features, with a decrease in E-cadherin, and increases in vimentin and stemness, without possessing any EGFR secondary mutations. Knockdown of E-cadherin in parental cells increased gefitinib resistance and stemness, while knockdown of vimentin in resistant cells resulted in opposite effects. Src activation and Hakai upregulation were found in gefitinib-resistant cells. Knockdown of Hakai elevated E-cadherin expression, attenuated stemness, and resensitized the cells to gefitinib. Clinical cancer specimens with acquired gefitinib resistance also showed a decrease in E-cadherin and an increase in Hakai expression. The dual HDAC and HMGR inhibitor JMF3086 inhibited the Src/Hakai and Hakai/E-cadherin interaction to reverse E-cadherin expression, and attenuated vimentin and stemness to restore gefitinib sensitivity. The EMT features of AZD9291-resistant H1975 cells were related to the upregulation of Zeb1. Both gefitinib and AZD9291 sensitivity was restored by JMF3086 through reversing EMT. Our study not only revealed a common mechanism of EMT in both gefitinib and AZD9291 resistance beyond EGFR mutations per se, but also provides a new strategy to overcome it.
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26
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In Vitro and In Silico Studies of the Molecular Interactions of Epigallocatechin-3- O-gallate (EGCG) with Proteins That Explain the Health Benefits of Green Tea. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061295. [PMID: 29843451 PMCID: PMC6099932 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Green tea has been shown to have beneficial effects on many diseases such as cancer, obesity, inflammatory diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The major green tea component, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), has been demonstrated to contribute to these effects through its anti-oxidative and pro-oxidative properties. Furthermore, several lines of evidence have indicated that the binding affinity of EGCG to specific proteins may explain its mechanism of action. This review article aims to reveal how EGCG-protein interactions can explain the mechanism by which green tea/EGCG can exhibit health beneficial effects. We conducted a literature search, using mainly the PubMed database. The results showed that several methods such as dot assays, affinity gel chromatography, surface plasmon resonance, computational docking analyses, and X-ray crystallography have been used for this purpose. These studies have provided evidence to show how EGCG can fit or occupy the position in or near functional sites and induce a conformational change, including a quaternary conformational change in some cases. Active site blocking, steric hindrance by binding of EGCG near an active site or induced conformational change appeared to cause inhibition of enzymatic activity and other biological activities of proteins, which are related to EGCG’s biological oligomer and formation of their toxic aggregates, leading to the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases and amyloidosis. In conclusion, these studies have provided useful information on the action of green tea/catechins and would lead to future studies that will provide further evidence for rational EGCG therapy and use EGCG as a lead compound for drug design.
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27
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Hesham HM, Lasheen DS, Abouzid KA. Chimeric HDAC inhibitors: Comprehensive review on the HDAC-based strategies developed to combat cancer. Med Res Rev 2018; 38:2058-2109. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heba M. Hesham
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department; Ain Shams University; Abbassia Cairo Egypt
| | - Deena S. Lasheen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department; Ain Shams University; Abbassia Cairo Egypt
| | - Khaled A.M. Abouzid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department; Ain Shams University; Abbassia Cairo Egypt
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28
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Wang X, Jiang X, Sun S, Liu Y. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel quinolone derivatives dual targeting histone deacetylase and tubulin polymerization as antiproliferative agents. RSC Adv 2018; 8:16494-16502. [PMID: 35540517 PMCID: PMC9080233 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra02578a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A strategy to develop chemotherapy agents by combining two complimentary chemo-active groups into a single molecule may have higher efficacy and fewer side effects than that of single-target drugs. In this article, we describe the synthesis and evaluation of a series of novel dual-acting levofloxacin-HDACi conjugates to target both histone deacetylase (HDAC) and tubulin polymerization. These bifunctional conjugates exhibited potent inhibitory activities against HDACs and tubulin polymerization. In docking analysis provides a structural basis for HDACs inhibition activities. Moreover, these conjugates showed selective anticancer activity that is more potent against MCF-7 compared to other four cancer cells A549, HepG2, PC-3, HeLa, but they had no toxicity toward normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- City College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430000 China +86-2786467906
| | - Xiaoye Jiang
- City College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430000 China +86-2786467906
| | - Shiyou Sun
- City College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430000 China +86-2786467906
| | - Yongqiong Liu
- City College, Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430000 China +86-2786467906
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29
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Li Y, Luo X, Guo Q, Nie Y, Wang T, Zhang C, Huang Z, Wang X, Liu Y, Chen Y, Zheng J, Yang S, Fan Y, Xiang R. Discovery of N1-(4-((7-Cyclopentyl-6-(dimethylcarbamoyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)-N8-hydroxyoctanediamide as a Novel Inhibitor Targeting Cyclin-dependent Kinase 4/9 (CDK4/9) and Histone Deacetlyase1 (HDAC1) against Malignant Cancer. J Med Chem 2018. [PMID: 29518312 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Li
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaohe Luo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qingxiang Guo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yongwei Nie
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yanan Chen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jianyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yan Fan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
- 2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
- 2011 Project Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy of Ministry of Education, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
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30
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Ojha R, Huang HL, HuangFu WC, Wu YW, Nepali K, Lai MJ, Su CJ, Sung TY, Chen YL, Pan SL, Liou JP. 1-Aroylindoline-hydroxamic acids as anticancer agents, inhibitors of HSP90 and HDAC. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 150:667-677. [PMID: 29567459 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1-aroylindoline-hydroxamic acids have been synthesized in the present study. The results of the biological evaluation led to the identification of compound 12 as dual HDAC6/HSP90 inhibitor. Compound 12 displayed striking inhibitory effects towards the HDAC6 isoform and HSP 90 protein with IC50 values of 1.15 nM (HDAC6) and 46.3 nM (HSP90). Compound 12 also exhibited 113, 139 and 246 fold higher selectivity for HDAC6 over HDAC 1, HDAC 3 and HDAC 8 isoforms and was endowed with significant cytotoxic effects with GI50 values ranging 1.04-1.61 μM against lung A549, colorectal HCT116, leukemia HL60, and EGFR T790M mutant lung H1975 cell lines. Another interesting finding of the study was substantial cytotoxic effects of compounds particularly against lung H1975 (NSCLC) cell lines with IC50 = 0.26 μM which may be mediated through HSP90 inhibition. Compound 8 as such was devoid of HDAC inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Ojha
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Li Huang
- TMU Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun HuangFu
- The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Wu
- The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kunal Nepali
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jung Lai
- Center for Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jou Su
- The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yi Sung
- Ph.D Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Chen
- The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shiow-Lin Pan
- TMU Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei, Taiwan; The Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Ping Liou
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Ph.D Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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31
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Borie C, Mondal S, Arif T, Briand M, Lingua H, Dumur F, Gigmes D, Stocker P, Barbarat B, Robert V, Nicoletti C, Olive D, Maresca M, Nechab M. Enediynes bearing polyfluoroaryl sulfoxide as new antiproliferative agents with dual targeting of microtubules and DNA. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:306-313. [PMID: 29471119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of enediynes possessing pentafluorophenylsulfoxide have been developed. The innovative compounds possess antiproliferative activity against a broad panel of human cancer cells originating from breast, blood, lung, kidney, colon, prostate, pancreas or skin with IC50 ranging from 0.6 to 3.4 μM. The antiproliferative activity of enediynes in darkness is associated to their ability to compromise microtubule network. In addition, exposure to UV leads to double-stranded DNA cleavage caused by the newly synthesized molecules reducing further their IC50 in nanomolar range against human tumor cells, including chemo-resistant pancreatic cancer cells. Taken together, the examined data demonstrate that enediynes possessing pentafluorosulfoxide are promising molecules in the cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Borie
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390 Marseille, France
| | - Shovan Mondal
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390 Marseille, France; Department of Chemistry, Syamsundar College, Shyamsundar 713424, West Bengal, India
| | - Tanzeel Arif
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390 Marseille, France
| | - Manon Briand
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390 Marseille, France
| | - Hugo Lingua
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390 Marseille, France
| | - Frédéric Dumur
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390 Marseille, France
| | - Didier Gigmes
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre Stocker
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390 Marseille, France
| | - Bernadette Barbarat
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) UMR-INSERM1068-IBiSA Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Inserm, U1068, France; Institut Paoli Calmettes, 27, Boulevard Lei Roure, BP30059, 13273, Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - Viviane Robert
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 UMR 7313, F-13397, Marseille, France
| | - Cendrine Nicoletti
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 UMR 7313, F-13397, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM) UMR-INSERM1068-IBiSA Cancer Immunomonitoring Platform, Inserm, U1068, France; Institut Paoli Calmettes, 27, Boulevard Lei Roure, BP30059, 13273, Marseille Cedex 09, France
| | - Marc Maresca
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2 UMR 7313, F-13397, Marseille, France.
| | - Malek Nechab
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Radicalaire UMR 7273, F-13390 Marseille, France.
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32
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Structure based design, synthesis and activity studies of small hybrid molecules as HDAC and G9a dual inhibitors. Oncotarget 2017; 8:63187-63207. [PMID: 28968981 PMCID: PMC5609913 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant enzymatic activities or expression profiles of epigenetic regulations are therapeutic targets for cancers. Among these, histone 3 lysine 9 methylation (H3K9Me2) and global de-acetylation on histone proteins are associated with multiple cancer phenotypes including leukemia, prostatic carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and pulmonary carcinoma. Here, we report the discovery of the first small molecule capable of acting as a dual inhibitor targeting both G9a and HDAC. Our structure based design, synthesis, and screening for the dual activity of the small molecules led to the discovery of compound 14 which displays promising inhibition of both G9a and HDAC in low micro-molar range in cell based assays.
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33
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Allen SC, Mamotte CDS. Pleiotropic and Adverse Effects of Statins-Do Epigenetics Play a Role? J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 362:319-326. [PMID: 28576976 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.242081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins are widely used to prevent major cardiovascular events by lowering serum cholesterol. There is evidence that statins have pleiotropic effects-that is, cholesterol-independent effects-that may also confer protection from cardiovascular disease and potentially numerous other pathologies, including cancer. Statins also have a number of well described adverse effects, including myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, liver damage, and type 2 diabetes. This paper examines the evidence of epigenetic modifications as a contributory factor to the pleiotropic and adverse effects of statins. In vitro and animal studies have shown that statins can inhibit histone deacetylase activity and increase histone acetylation. Similarly, there is evidence that statins may inhibit both histone and DNA methyltransferases and subsequently demethylate histone residues and DNA, respectively. These changes have been shown to alter expression of various genes, including tumor suppressor genes and genes thought to have anti-atherosclerotic actions. Statins have also been shown to influence the expression of numerous microRNAs that suppress the translation of proteins involved in tumorigenesis and vascular function. Whether the adverse effects of statins may also have an epigenetic component has been less widely studied, although there is evidence that microRNA expression may be altered in statin-induced muscle and liver damage. As epigenetics and microRNAs influence gene expression, these changes could contribute to the pleiotropic and adverse effects of statins and have long-lasting effects on the health of statin users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Allen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
| | - Cyril D S Mamotte
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia
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34
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Discovery of ErbB/HDAC inhibitors by combining the core pharmacophores of HDAC inhibitor vorinostat and kinase inhibitors vandetanib, BMS-690514, neratinib, and TAK-285. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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35
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Designing multi-targeted agents: An emerging anticancer drug discovery paradigm. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 136:195-211. [PMID: 28494256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The dominant paradigm in drug discovery is to design ligands with maximum selectivity to act on individual drug targets. With the target-based approach, many new chemical entities have been discovered, developed, and further approved as drugs. However, there are a large number of complex diseases such as cancer that cannot be effectively treated or cured only with one medicine to modulate the biological function of a single target. As simultaneous intervention of two (or multiple) cancer progression relevant targets has shown improved therapeutic efficacy, the innovation of multi-targeted drugs has become a promising and prevailing research topic and numerous multi-targeted anticancer agents are currently at various developmental stages. However, most multi-pharmacophore scaffolds are usually discovered by serendipity or screening, while rational design by combining existing pharmacophore scaffolds remains an enormous challenge. In this review, four types of multi-pharmacophore modes are discussed, and the examples from literature will be used to introduce attractive lead compounds with the capability of simultaneously interfering with different enzyme or signaling pathway of cancer progression, which will reveal the trends and insights to help the design of the next generation multi-targeted anticancer agents.
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36
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Cheng MH, Wong YH, Chang CM, Yang CC, Chen SH, Yuan CL, Kuo HM, Yang CY, Chiu HF. B1, a novel HDAC inhibitor, induces apoptosis through the regulation of STAT3 and NF-κB. Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:1137-1148. [PMID: 28393178 PMCID: PMC5403210 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that B1 induced significant cytotoxic effects, cell cycle G1 arrest and apoptosis in human lung cancer A549 cells through the inhibition of DNA topoisomerase II activity. In the present study, we focused on the histone deacetylase (HDAC) modulation of B1 in A549 cells. HDACs, important enzymes affecting epigenetic regulation, play a crucial role in human carcinogenesis. Our findings showed that B1 could suppress the growth of A549 cells in vitro through the inhibition of HDAC activity. Additionally, B1 caused disruption of the mitochondrial membrane potential and induced DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which consequently led to cell apoptosis. We also observed that B1 inhibited cancer cell migration and angiogenesis-related signal expression, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pro-matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 (pro-MMP-2/9). Gelatin zymography suggested that B1 decreased pro-MMP-2 and pro-MMP-9 activity. Transcription factors, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), are vital players in the many steps of carcinogenesis. B1 showed significant dose-response inhibitory effects on cytoplasmic expression and nuclear translocation of both phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) and NF-κB. It has been well documented that reactivated telomerase confers cancer cells the ability to repair DNA. Real-time PCR results indicated that B1 inhibited STAT3 and NF-κB mRNA expression and telomerase activity. Taken together, our results demonstrated that B1 exerted significant inhibitory effects on HDAC, telomerase activities, oncogenic STAT3 and NF-κB expression. The inhibition of the intricate crosstalk between STAT3 and NF-κB may be a major factor in the molecular action mechanism of B1. The multiple targeting effects of B1 render it a potential new drug for lung cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hsuan Cheng
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yun-Hong Wong
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chia-Ming Chang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chun-Chien Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Hua Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chun-Lung Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Republic of China Military Academy, Fengshan, Kaohsiung 83059, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsiao-Mei Kuo
- Department of Neuroscience, Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chun-Yuh Yang
- Faculty of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hui-Fen Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan, R.O.C
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37
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Recombinant 3-Hydroxy 3-Methyl Glutaryl-CoA Reductase from Candida glabrata (Rec-CgHMGR) Obtained by Heterologous Expression, as a Novel Therapeutic Target Model for Testing Synthetic Drugs. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 182:1478-1490. [PMID: 28138930 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2412-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR) is a glycoprotein of the endoplasmic reticulum that participates in the mevalonate pathway, the precursor of cholesterol in human and ergosterol in fungi. This enzyme has three domains: transmembrane, binding, and soluble. In this study, we expressed and purified the soluble fraction of the HMGR enzyme from Candida glabrata (CgHMGR) in an Escherichia coli heterologous system and used it as a model for studying its inhibitory activity. The soluble fraction of CgHMGR was fused to the maltose binding protein (MBP), purified, and characterized. Optimal pH was 8.0, and its optimal temperature activity was 37 °C. The k m and V max for the HMG-CoA were 6.5 μM and 2.26 × 10-3 μM min-1, respectively. Recombinant CgHMGR was inhibited by simvastatin presenting an IC50 at 14.5 μM. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the recombinant HMGR version from C. glabrata may be used as a study model system for HMGR inhibitors such as statins and newly synthesized inhibitor compounds that might be used in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia or mycosis.
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38
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Fernandez-Villamarin M, Sousa-Herves A, Porto S, Guldris N, Martínez-Costas J, Riguera R, Fernandez-Megia E. A dendrimer–hydrophobic interaction synergy improves the stability of polyion complex micelles. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00304h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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39
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Abbot V, Sharma P, Dhiman S, Noolvi MN, Patel HM, Bhardwaj V. Small hybrid heteroaromatics: resourceful biological tools in cancer research. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra24662a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, hybrid drugs containing two or more covalently linked known potential pharmacophores are designed to simultaneously modulate multiple targets of multifactorial diseases to overcome the side effects associated with a single drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Abbot
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
- India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
- India
| | - Saurabh Dhiman
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
- India
| | | | - Harun M. Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry
- R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
- Dhule
- India
| | - Varun Bhardwaj
- Department of Biotechnology
- Bioinformatics and Pharmacy
- Jaypee University of Information Technology
- Solan
- India
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40
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3-Aroylindoles display antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo: Effects of N1-substituents on biological activity. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 125:1268-1278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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41
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Yang F, Peng S, Li Y, Su L, Peng Y, Wu J, Chen H, Liu M, Yi Z, Chen Y. A hybrid of thiazolidinone with the hydroxamate scaffold for developing novel histone deacetylase inhibitors with antitumor activities. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:1727-35. [PMID: 26732459 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02250a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors were designed, synthesized and evaluated based on the strategies of a hybrid of the classic pharmacophore of HDAC inhibitors with the thiazolidinone scaffold. Some of the compounds 12i showed potent HDAC1 inhibition with nM IC50 values, more importantly, compound displayed much better anti-metastatic effects than vorinostat (SAHA) against migration of the A549 cell line. Further mechanism exploration implied that compound 12i may inhibit tumor metastasis via modulating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and upregulating the acetylation of α-tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China. and School of biological science and technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong Province 250022, China
| | - Shihong Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Yunqi Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Liqiang Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Yangrui Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Jing Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Huang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Zhengfang Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Yihua Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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42
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de Lera AR, Ganesan A. Epigenetic polypharmacology: from combination therapy to multitargeted drugs. Clin Epigenetics 2016; 8:105. [PMID: 27752293 PMCID: PMC5062873 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-016-0271-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The modern drug discovery process has largely focused its attention in the so-called magic bullets, single chemical entities that exhibit high selectivity and potency for a particular target. This approach was based on the assumption that the deregulation of a protein was causally linked to a disease state, and the pharmacological intervention through inhibition of the deregulated target was able to restore normal cell function. However, the use of cocktails or multicomponent drugs to address several targets simultaneously is also popular to treat multifactorial diseases such as cancer and neurological disorders. We review the state of the art with such combinations that have an epigenetic target as one of their mechanisms of action. Epigenetic drug discovery is a rapidly advancing field, and drugs targeting epigenetic enzymes are in the clinic for the treatment of hematological cancers. Approved and experimental epigenetic drugs are undergoing clinical trials in combination with other therapeutic agents via fused or linked pharmacophores in order to benefit from synergistic effects of polypharmacology. In addition, ligands are being discovered which, as single chemical entities, are able to modulate multiple epigenetic targets simultaneously (multitarget epigenetic drugs). These multiple ligands should in principle have a lower risk of drug-drug interactions and drug resistance compared to cocktails or multicomponent drugs. This new generation may rival the so-called magic bullets in the treatment of diseases that arise as a consequence of the deregulation of multiple signaling pathways provided the challenge of optimization of the activities shown by the pharmacophores with the different targets is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel R de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Vigo, CINBIO and IIS Galicia Sur, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - A Ganesan
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
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43
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Sayols-Baixeras S, Irvin MR, Arnett DK, Elosua R, Aslibekyan SW. Epigenetics of Lipid Phenotypes. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2016; 10:31. [PMID: 28496562 PMCID: PMC5421987 DOI: 10.1007/s12170-016-0513-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the main cause of death worldwide. Blood lipid profiles are patterned by both genetic and environmental factors. In recent years, epigenetics has emerged as a paradigm that unifies these influences. In this review, we have summarized the latest evidence implicating epigenetic mechanisms-DNA methylation, histone modification, and regulation by RNAs-in lipid homeostasis. Key findings have emerged in a number of novel epigenetic loci located in biologically plausible genes (e.g. CPT1A, ABCG1, SREBF1, and others), as well as microRNA-33a/b. Evidence from animal and cell culture models suggests a complex interplay between different classes of epigenetic processes in the lipid-related genomic regions. While epigenetic findings hold the potential to explain the interindividual variability in lipid profiles as well as the underlying mechanisms, they have yet to be translated into effective therapies for dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Sayols-Baixeras
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona 08003, Spain, (tel) 34-93-316-07-27, (fax) 34-93-316-04-10
| | - Marguerite R Irvin
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, RPHB 220F, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA, (tel) 1-205-975-7672, (fax)1-205-975-3329
| | - Donna K Arnett
- College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, 111 Washington Avenue, Lexington, KY 40536, USA, (tel) 1-859-257-5678, (fax) 1-859-257-8811
| | - Roberto Elosua
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mediques (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain, (tel) 34-93-316-08-00, (fax) 34-93-316-04-10
| | - Stella W Aslibekyan
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1665 University Blvd, RPHB 230J, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA, (tel) 1-205-975-7675, (fax) 1-205-975-3329
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Oliveira EF, Santos-Martins D, Ribeiro AM, Brás NF, Cerqueira NS, Sousa SF, Ramos MJ, Fernandes PA. HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitors: an updated review of patents of novel compounds and formulations (2011-2015). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26:1257-1272. [PMID: 27537201 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2016.1216977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Statins are remarkably safe and efficient medications that are the mainstay of hypercholesterolemia treatment and have proven to be an invaluable tool to lower the risk of acute cardiovascular events. These compounds are inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMG-R), the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. In spite of their success, they present undesirable side effects and are now loosing patent protection, which provides a great opportunity for the development of new and improved statins. Areas covered: This review summarizes the new patents for HMG-R inhibitors for the 2011-2015 period. Combinations of existing statins with other drugs are also addressed, as well as novel applications of existing statins. Expert opinion: Recent efforts for the discovery of HMG-CoA-R inhibitors has resulted in several new molecules. Most of these are based on commercially available statins, including sterol and terpenoid derivatives. A few peptides have also been patented. However, the origin of the side effects caused by previous statins continues to be, to a large extent, unknown. Although the patents published in the past 5 years are promising, and might result in new drugs, there is still no way to know if they will present reduced toxicity. Only future clinical trials will answer this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Filipe Oliveira
- a UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Diogo Santos-Martins
- a UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - António Meireles Ribeiro
- a UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Natércia Fernandes Brás
- a UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa Cerqueira
- a UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Sérgio Filipe Sousa
- a UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Maria João Ramos
- a UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
| | - Pedro Alexandrino Fernandes
- a UCIBIO@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências , Universidade do Porto , Porto , Portugal
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Prevention of Colitis and Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer by a Novel Polypharmacological Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:4158-69. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wei TT, Lin YT, Chen WS, Luo P, Lin YC, Shun CT, Lin YH, Chen JB, Chen NW, Fang JM, Wu MS, Yang KC, Chang LC, Tai KY, Liang JT, Chen CC. Dual Targeting of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase and Histone Deacetylase as a Therapy for Colorectal Cancer. EBioMedicine 2016; 10:124-36. [PMID: 27448759 PMCID: PMC5006731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase (HMGR) inhibitors decreasing serum cholesterol and have shown promise in cancer prevention. In this study, we demonstrated the oncogenic role of HMGR in colorectal cancer (CRC) by disclosing increased HMGR activity in CRC patients and its enhancement of anti-apoptosis and stemness. Our previous studies showed that statins containing carboxylic acid chains possessed activity against histone deacetylases (HDACs), and strengthened their anti-HDAC activity through designing HMGR-HDAC dual inhibitors, JMF compounds. These compounds exerted anti-cancer effect in CRC cells as well as in AOM-DSS and ApcMin/+ CRC mouse models. JMF mostly regulated the genes related to apoptosis and inflammation through genome-wide ChIP-on-chip analysis, and Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) predicted their respective regulation by NR3C1 and NF-κB. Furthermore, JMF inhibited metastasis, angiogenesis and cancer stemness, and potentiated the effect of oxaliplatin in CRC mouse models. Dual HMGR-HDAC inhibitor could be a potential treatment for CRC. HMGR is an oncotarget of CRC. JMF3086 targeting HMGR and HDACs is effective therapy in different preclinical CRC models. JMF3086 down-regulated inflammatory, proliferation, stemness and anti-apoptotic genes but up-regulated tumor suppressor genes.
Addition of chemotherapeutic and molecular targeted agents stepwise prolongs the survival of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC), implying the importance of new drugs discovery. Furthermore, combination therapy is a rational approach to improve the anti-cancer efficacy. Here, we demonstrate HMGR is a target for CRC and design a dual HMGR and HDAC inhibitor JMF3086. It inhibits tumor progression, metastasis and stemness in several preclinical models, conferring a significant benefit above lovastatin plus SAHA. JMF3086 also potentiates the effect of oxaliplatin, an important chemotherapeutic agent of CRC. These results provide a rationale for clinical studies of JMF3086 to advance the survival of metastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Tang Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Shu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ping Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Far-Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Tung Shun
- Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Bin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Wei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Jim-Min Fang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chien Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chun Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yu Tai
- Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Tung Liang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chow Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
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Lee SK, Tan KW, Ng SW. Topoisomerase I inhibition and DNA cleavage by zinc, copper, and nickel derivatives of 2-[2-bromoethyliminomethyl]-4-[ethoxymethyl]phenol complexes exhibiting anti-proliferation and anti-metastasis activity. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 159:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Roche J, Bertrand P. Inside HDACs with more selective HDAC inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 121:451-483. [PMID: 27318122 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs) are nowadays part of the therapeutic arsenal mainly against cancers, with four compounds approved by the Food and Drug Administration. During the last five years, several groups have made continuous efforts to improve this class of compounds, designing more selective compounds or compounds with multiple capacities. After a survey of the HDAC biology and structures, this review summarizes the results of the chemists working in this field, and highlights when possible the behavior of the molecules inside their targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Roche
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Equipe « SEVE Sucres & Echanges Végétaux-Environnement », Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267, F-86073 Poitiers Cedex 09, France; Réseau Epigénétique du Cancéropôle Grand Ouest, France
| | - Philippe Bertrand
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7285, 4 rue Michel Brunet, TSA 51106, B28, F-86073 Poitiers Cedex 09, France; Réseau Epigénétique du Cancéropôle Grand Ouest, France.
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Jiang Y, Liu Z, Holenz J, Yang H. Competitive Intelligence–based Lead Generation and Fast Follower Approaches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527677047.ch08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ganesan A. Multitarget Drugs: an Epigenetic Epiphany. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1227-41. [PMID: 26891251 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to changes in a biological phenotype that are not due to an underlying change in genotype. In eukaryotes, epigenetics involves a set of chemical modifications of the DNA and the histone proteins in nucleosomes. These dynamic changes are carried out by enzymes and modulate protein-protein and protein-nucleic acid interactions to determine whether specific genes are expressed or silenced. Both the epigenetic enzymes and recognition domains are currently important drug discovery targets, particularly for the treatment of cancer. This review summarizes the progress of epigenetic targets that have reached a clinical stage: DNA methyltransferases, histone deacetylases, lysine methyltransferases, lysine demethylases, and bromodomains; this is followed by a comprehensive survey of multitarget drugs that have included an epigenetic target as one of their mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganesan
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
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