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Pontearso M, Slepicka J, Bhattacharyya A, Spicarova D, Palecek J. Dual effect of anandamide on spinal nociceptive transmission in control and inflammatory conditions. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116369. [PMID: 38452657 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Anandamide (AEA) is an important modulator of nociception in the spinal dorsal horn, acting presynaptically through Cannabinoid (CB1) and Transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV1) receptors. The role of AEA (1 µM, 10 µM, and 30 µM) application on the modulation of nociceptive synaptic transmission under control and inflammatory conditions was studied by recording miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) from neurons in spinal cord slices. Inhibition of the CB1 receptors by PF514273, TRPV1 by SB366791, and the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) by URB597 was used. Under naïve conditions, the AEA application did not affect the mEPSCs frequency (1.43±0.12 Hz) when all the recorded neurons were considered. The mEPSC frequency increased (180.0±39.2%) only when AEA (30 µM) was applied with PF514273 and URB597. Analysis showed that one sub-population of neurons had synaptic input inhibited (39.1% of neurons), the second excited (43.5%), whereas 8.7% showed a mixed effect and 8.7% did not respond to the AEA. With inflammation, the AEA effect was highly inhibitory (72.7%), while the excitation was negligible (9.1%), and 18.2% were not modulated. After inflammation, more neurons (45.0%) responded even to low AEA by mEPSC frequency increase with PF514273/URB597 present. AEA-induced dual (excitatory/inhibitory) effects at the 1st nociceptive synapse should be considered when developing analgesics targeting the endocannabinoid system. These findings contrast the clear inhibitory effects of the AEA precursor 20:4-NAPE application described previously and suggest that modulation of endogenous AEA production may be more favorable for analgesic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Pontearso
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Slepicka
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anirban Bhattacharyya
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Diana Spicarova
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Palecek
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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2
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Spicarova D, Nerandzic V, Muzik D, Pontearso M, Bhattacharyya A, Nagy I, Palecek J. Inhibition of synaptic transmission by anandamide precursor 20:4-NAPE is mediated by TRPV1 receptors under inflammatory conditions. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1188503. [PMID: 37426071 PMCID: PMC10325575 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1188503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient receptor potential ion channel, vanilloid subfamily, type 1 (TRPV1) cation channel, and cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) are essential in the modulation of nociceptive signaling in the spinal cord dorsal horn that underlies different pathological pain states. TRPV1 and CB1 receptors share the endogenous agonist anandamide (AEA), produced from N-arachidonoylphosphatidylethanolamine (20:4-NAPE). We investigated the effect of the anandamide precursor 20:4-NAPE on synaptic activity in naive and inflammatory conditions. Patch-clamp recordings of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) from superficial dorsal horn neurons in rat acute spinal cord slices were used. Peripheral inflammation was induced by subcutaneous injection of carrageenan. Under naive conditions, mEPSCs frequency (0.96 ± 0.11 Hz) was significantly decreased after 20 μM 20:4-NAPE application (55.3 ± 7.4%). This 20:4-NAPE-induced inhibition was blocked by anandamide-synthesizing enzyme N-acyl phosphatidylethanolamine phospholipase D (NAPE-PLD) inhibitor LEI-401. In addition, the inhibition was prevented by the CB1 receptor antagonist PF 514273 (0.2 μM) but not by the TRPV1 receptor antagonist SB 366791 (10 μM). Under inflammatory conditions, 20:4-NAPE (20 μM) also exhibited a significant inhibitory effect (74.5 ± 8.9%) on the mEPSCs frequency that was prevented by the TRPV1 receptor antagonist SB 366791 but not by PF 514273 application. Our results show that 20:4-NAPE application has a significant modulatory effect on spinal cord nociceptive signaling that is mediated by both TRPV1 and CB1 presynaptic receptors, whereas peripheral inflammation changes the underlying mechanism. The switch between TRPV1 and CB1 receptor activation by the AEA precursor 20:4-NAPE during inflammation may play an important role in nociceptive processing, hence the development of pathological pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Spicarova
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vladimir Nerandzic
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - David Muzik
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Monica Pontearso
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Anirban Bhattacharyya
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Istvan Nagy
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Physiology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Jiri Palecek
- Laboratory of Pain Research, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Gasperi V, Savini I, Catani MV. Assay of CB 1 Receptor Binding. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2576:95-109. [PMID: 36152179 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2728-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1), one of the main targets of endocannabinoids, plays a key role in several pathophysiological conditions that affect both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Today, its biochemical identification and pharmacological characterization, as well as the screening of thousands of novel ligands that might be useful for developing CB1-based therapies, are the subject of intense research. Among available techniques that allow the analysis of CB1 binding activity, radioligand-based assays represent one of the best, fast, and reliable methods.Here, we describe radioligand binding methods standardized in our laboratory to assess CB1 binding in both tissues and cultured cells. We also report a high-throughput radioligand binding assay that allows to evaluate efficacy and potency of different compounds, which might represent the basis for the development of new drugs that target CB1-dependent human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Gasperi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Savini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Valeria Catani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Wang T, Qing X, Dai C, Su Z, Wang C. Regioselective construction of 1,3-diaryl tetrahydroindazolones via the three-component reaction of 1,3-cyclohexanediones, β-nitrostyrenes and arylhydrazines. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:2456-2463. [PMID: 29561021 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00304a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
1,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-4H-indazol-4-one derivatives were successfully synthesized using a one-pot three-component system that combines substituted β-nitrostyrenes, 1,3-cyclohexanediones and phenylhydrazines. This reaction involves a highly efficient domino sequence consisting of the aza-Michael reaction, intramolecular O-nucleophilic addition, nucleophilic addition, and ring opening of furan as the key unit steps. Notably, the highly regioselective construction of the tetrahydro-4H-indazolone moiety and the introduction of functionalized aromatic rings were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China.
| | - Xushun Qing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China.
| | - Chenlu Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenjie Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China.
| | - Cunde Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, 180 Siwangting Street, Yangzhou 225002, P. R. China.
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Usami Y, Kohno A, Yoneyama H, Harusawa S. Synthesis of Dihydrooxepino[3,2-c]Pyrazoles via Claisen Rearrangement and Ring-Closing Metathesis from 4-Allyloxy-1H-pyrazoles. Molecules 2018; 23:E592. [PMID: 29509713 PMCID: PMC6017168 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of novel pyrazole-fused heterocycles, i.e., dihydro-1H- or 2H-oxepino[3,2-c]pyrazoles (6 or 7) from 4-allyloxy-1H-pyrazoles (1) via combination of Claisen rearrangement and ring-closing metathesis (RCM) has been achieved. A suitable catalyst for the RCM of 5-allyl-4-allyloxy-1H-pyrazoles (4) was proved to be the Grubbs second generation catalyst (Grubbs2nd) to give the predicted RCM product at room temperature in three hours. The same reactions of the regioisomer, 3-allyl-4-allyloxy-1H-pyrazoles (5), also proceeded to give the corresponding RCM products. On the other hand, microwave aided RCM at 140 °C on both of 4 and 5 afforded mixtures of isomeric products with double bond rearrangement from normal RCM products in spite of remarkable reduction of the reaction time to 10 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihide Usami
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
| | - Aoi Kohno
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Yoneyama
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
| | - Shinya Harusawa
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
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Yu Y, Chen Y, Huang W, Wu W, Jiang H. One-Pot Synthesis of Spirocyclic or Fused Pyrazoles from Cyclic Ketones: Calcium Carbide as the Carbon Source in Ring Expansion. J Org Chem 2017; 82:9479-9486. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Wanqing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional
Molecular Engineering of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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7
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Nerandzic V, Mrozkova P, Adamek P, Spicarova D, Nagy I, Palecek J. Peripheral inflammation affects modulation of nociceptive synaptic transmission in the spinal cord induced by N-arachidonoylphosphatidylethanolamine. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:2322-2336. [PMID: 28476070 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endocannabinoids play an important role in modulating spinal nociceptive signalling, crucial for the development of pain. The cannabinoid CB1 receptor and the TRPV1 cation channel are both activated by the endocannabinoid anandamide, a product of biosynthesis from the endogenous lipid precursor N-arachidonoylphosphatidylethanolamine (20:4-NAPE). Here, we report CB1 receptor- and TRPV1-mediated effects of 20:4-NAPE on spinal synaptic transmission in control and inflammatory conditions. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Spontaneous (sEPSCs) and dorsal root stimulation-evoked (eEPSCs) excitatory postsynaptic currents from superficial dorsal horn neurons in rat spinal cord slices were assessed. Peripheral inflammation was induced by carrageenan. Anandamide concentration was assessed by mass spectrometry. KEY RESULTS Application of 20:4-NAPE increased anandamide concentration in vitro. 20:4-NAPE (20 μM) decreased sEPSCs frequency and eEPSCs amplitude in control and inflammatory conditions. The inhibitory effect of 20:4-NAPE was sensitive to CB1 receptor antagonist PF514273 (0.2 μM) in both conditions, but to the TRPV1 antagonist SB366791 (10 μM) only after inflammation. After inflammation, 20:4-NAPE increased sEPSCs frequency in the presence of PF514273 and this increase was blocked by SB366791. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS While 20:4-NAPE treatment inhibited the excitatory synaptic transmission in both naive and inflammatory conditions, peripheral inflammation altered the underlying mechanisms. Our data indicate that 20:4-NAPE application induced mainly CB1 receptor-mediated inhibitory effects in naive animals while TRPV1-mediated mechanisms were also involved after inflammation. Increasing anandamide levels for analgesic purposes by applying substrate for its local synthesis may be more effective than systemic anandamide application or inhibition of its degradation. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Recent Advances in Targeting Ion Channels to Treat Chronic Pain. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Nerandzic
- Department of Functional Morphology, Institute of Physiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Mrozkova
- Department of Functional Morphology, Institute of Physiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Adamek
- Department of Functional Morphology, Institute of Physiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Diana Spicarova
- Department of Functional Morphology, Institute of Physiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Istvan Nagy
- Section of Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jiri Palecek
- Department of Functional Morphology, Institute of Physiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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8
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Dopamine-dependent CB1 receptor dysfunction at corticostriatal synapses in homozygous PINK1 knockout mice. Neuropharmacology 2016; 101:460-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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9
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Huchet QA, Kuhn B, Wagner B, Kratochwil NA, Fischer H, Kansy M, Zimmerli D, Carreira EM, Müller K. Fluorination Patterning: A Study of Structural Motifs That Impact Physicochemical Properties of Relevance to Drug Discovery. J Med Chem 2015; 58:9041-60. [PMID: 26523333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a collection of 3-substituted indole derivatives incorporating partially fluorinated n-propyl and n-butyl groups is described along with an in-depth study of the effects of various fluorination patterns on their properties, such as lipophilicity, aqueous solubility, and metabolic stability. The experimental observations confirm predictions of a marked lipophilicity decrease imparted by a vic-difluoro unit when compared to the gem-difluoro counterparts. The data involving the comparison of the two substitution patterns is expected to benefit molecular design in medicinal chemistry and, more broadly, in life as well as materials sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin A Huchet
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 3 HCI H335, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Kuhn
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG , Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Björn Wagner
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG , Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole A Kratochwil
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG , Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Holger Fischer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG , Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Kansy
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG , Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Zimmerli
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG , Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erick M Carreira
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH Zürich , Vladimir Prelog Weg 3 HCI H335, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Müller
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG , Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Chen CH, Ko CT, Reddy GM, Lee CJ, Lin W. An Enantioselective Synthesis of Substituted Cyclohexanone Derivatives with an All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter by Using an Organocatalytic Asymmetric Domino Double Michael Addition. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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12
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Merchant RR, Allwood DM, Blakemore DC, Ley SV. Regioselective Preparation of Saturated Spirocyclic and Ring-Expanded Fused Pyrazoles. J Org Chem 2014; 79:8800-11. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501624t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohan R. Merchant
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Daniel M. Allwood
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - David C. Blakemore
- Neusentis
Chemistry, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, The Portway Building, Granta
Park, Cambridge, CB21 6GS, U.K
| | - Steven V. Ley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, U.K
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13
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Pina MM, Cunningham CL. Effects of the novel cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist PF 514273 on the acquisition and expression of ethanol conditioned place preference. Alcohol 2014; 48:427-31. [PMID: 24954022 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2014.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Revised: 01/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The centrally expressed cannabinoid receptor (CB1) has been considered a potential therapeutic target in treating alcoholism. Though CB1 receptors have been shown to modulate primary and conditioned ethanol reward, much of this research employed animal models that require ethanol ingestion or oral routes of administration. This is problematic considering CB1 antagonist drugs have high anorectic liability and have been used clinically in the treatment of obesity. Therefore, the present study examined CB1 antagonism in DBA/2J mice using an unbiased ethanol-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure, a paradigm that does not require ethanol ingestion. To evaluate the role of CB1 receptors in primary ethanol reward, the highly potent and selective novel CB1 antagonist 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(2,2-difluoropropyl)-6,7-dihydro-2H-pyrazolo[3,4-f][1,4]oxazepin-8(5H)-one (PF 514273) was administered 30 min before place preference conditioning with a fixed dose of ethanol (acquisition). To evaluate the role of CB1 receptors in ethanol-conditioned reward, PF 514273 was administered 30 min before place preference testing (expression). Although PF 514273 reduced ethanol-stimulated and basal locomotor activity, it did not perturb the acquisition or expression of ethanol-induced CPP. Results from the present study appear inconsistent with other studies that have demonstrated a role for CB1 antagonism in ethanol reward using oral administration paradigms. Our findings suggest that CB1 antagonism may have greater involvement in consummatory behavior than ethanol reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie M Pina
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA.
| | - Christopher L Cunningham
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
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14
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Badru R, Singh B. Triethylamine-Catalyzed Synthesis of Oxazepine from Maleamic Acids. J Heterocycl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Badru
- Department of Chemistry; Punjabi University; Patiala 147002 Punjab India
| | - Baldev Singh
- Department of Chemistry; Punjabi University; Patiala 147002 Punjab India
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15
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Prospective therapeutic agents for obesity: Molecular modification approaches of centrally and peripherally acting selective cannabinoid 1 receptor antagonists. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 79:298-339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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16
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Liu H, Patel RY, Doerksen RJ. Structure of the cannabinoid receptor 1: homology modeling of its inactive state and enrichment study based on CB1 antagonist docking. MEDCHEMCOMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00121d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiple cannabinoid 1 receptor models were prepared and the best one was selected based on the models' performance in selecting known ligands from a pool of competitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Mississippi
- University, USA
| | - Ronak Y. Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Mississippi
- University, USA
| | - Robert J. Doerksen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Mississippi
- University, USA
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17
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Zhai J, Gu C, Jiang J, Zhang S, Liao D, Wang L, Zhu D, Ji Y. A One-pot Approach to Ethyl 1,4,5-Triaryl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylates via an Improved Claisen Condensation-Knorr Reaction Sequence. CHINESE J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201300776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Dow RL, Andrews MP, Li JC, Michael Gibbs E, Guzman-Perez A, Laperle JL, Li Q, Mather D, Munchhof MJ, Niosi M, Patel L, Perreault C, Tapley S, Zavadoski WJ. Defining the key pharmacophore elements of PF-04620110: discovery of a potent, orally-active, neutral DGAT-1 inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:5081-97. [PMID: 23871442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.06.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
DGAT-1 is an enzyme that catalyzes the final step in triglyceride synthesis. mRNA knockout experiments in rodent models suggest that inhibitors of this enzyme could be of value in the treatment of obesity and type II diabetes. The carboxylic acid-based DGAT-1 inhibitor 1 was advanced to clinical trials for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, despite of the low passive permeability of 1. Because of questions relating to the potential attenuation of distribution and efficacy of a poorly permeable agent, efforts were initiated to identify compounds with improved permeability. Replacement of the acid moiety in 1 with an oxadiazole led to the discovery of 52, which possesses substantially improved passive permeability. The resulting pharmacodynamic profile of this neutral DGAT-1 inhibitor was found to be similar to 1 at comparable plasma exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Dow
- PharmaTherapeutics Research & Development, Pfizer Inc., 620 Memorial Drive, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
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Rao VK, Tiwari R, Chhikara BS, Shirazi AN, Parang K, Kumar A. Copper triflate-mediated synthesis of 1,3,5-triarylpyrazoles in [bmim][PF 6] ionic liquid and evaluation of their anticancer activities. RSC Adv 2013; 3:15396-15403. [PMID: 24163734 DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41830h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple, efficient, and environment friendly protocol for the synthesis of 1,3,5-triarylpyrazole and 1,3,5-triarylpyrazolines in [bimm][PF6] ionic liquid mediated by Cu(OTf)2 is described. The reaction protocol gave 1,3,5-triarylpyrazoles in good to high yields (71-84%) via a one-pot addition-cyclocondensation between chalcones and arylhydrazines, and oxidative aromatization without requirement for an additional oxidizing reagent. The catalyst can be reused up to four cycles without much loss in the catalytic activity. The pyrazoles (4a-o) and pyrazolines (3a-n) were evaluated for antiproliferative activity in SK-OV-3, HT-29, and HeLa human cancer cells lines. Among all compounds, 3b inhibited cell proliferation of HeLa cells by 80% at a concentration of 50 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kameshwara Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333031, Rajasthan, India
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Jiang JA, Huang WB, Zhai JJ, Liu HW, Cai Q, Xu LX, Wang W, Ji YF. ‘One-pot’ synthesis of 4-substituted 1,5-diaryl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylates via lithium tert-butoxide-mediated sterically hindered Claisen condensation and Knorr reaction. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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21
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Franklin JM, Carrasco GA. Cannabinoid receptor agonists upregulate and enhance serotonin 2A (5-HT(2A)) receptor activity via ERK1/2 signaling. Synapse 2012; 67:145-59. [PMID: 23151877 DOI: 10.1002/syn.21626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Recent behavioral studies suggest that nonselective agonists of cannabinoid receptors may regulate serotonin 2A (5-HT(2A)) receptor neurotransmission. Two cannabinoids receptors are found in brain, CB1 and CB2 receptors, but the molecular mechanism by which cannabinoid receptors would regulate 5-HT(2A) receptor neurotransmission remains unknown. Interestingly, we have recently found that certain cannabinoid receptor agonists can specifically upregulate 5-HT(2A) receptors. Here, we present experimental evidence that rats treated with a nonselective cannabinoid receptor agonist (CP 55,940, 50 µg/kg, 7 days) showed increases in 5-HT(2A) receptor protein levels, 5-HT(2A) receptor mRNA levels, and 5-HT(2A) receptor-mediated phospholipase C beta (PLCβ) activity in prefrontal cortex (PFCx). Similar effects were found in neuronal cultured cells treated with CP 55,940 but these effects were prevented by selective CB2, but not selective CB1, receptor antagonists. CB2 receptors couple to the extracellular kinase (ERK) signaling pathway by Gα(i/o) class of G-proteins. Noteworthy, GP 1a (selective CB2 receptor agonist) produced a strong upregulation of 5-HT(2A) receptor mRNA and protein, an effect that was prevented by selective CB2 receptor antagonists and by an ERK1/2 inhibitor, PD 198306. In summary, our results identified a strong cannabinoid-induced upregulation of 5-HT(2A) receptor signaling in rat PFCx. Our cultured cell studies suggest that selective CB2 receptor agonists upregulate 5-HT(2A) receptor signaling by activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Activity of cortical 5-HT(2A) receptors has been associated with several physiological functions and neuropsychiatric disorders such as stress response, anxiety and depression, and schizophrenia. Therefore, these results may provide a molecular mechanism by which activation of cannabinoid receptors might be relevant to the pathophysiology of some cognitive and mood disorders in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade M Franklin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
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Cannabinoid agonists increase the interaction between β-Arrestin 2 and ERK1/2 and upregulate β-Arrestin 2 and 5-HT(2A) receptors. Pharmacol Res 2012; 68:46-58. [PMID: 23174265 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We have recently reported that selective cannabinoid 2 (CB(2)) receptor agonists upregulate 5-HT(2A) receptors by enhancing ERK1/2 signaling in prefrontal cortex (PFCx). Increased activity of cortical 5-HT(2A) receptors has been associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety and schizophrenia. Here we examine the mechanisms involved in this enhanced ERK1/2 activation in rat PFCx and in a neuronal cell model. Sprague-Dawley rats treated with a non-selective cannabinoid agonist (CP55940, 50μg/kg, 7 days, i.p.) showed enhanced co-immunoprecipitation of β-Arrestin 2 and ERK1/2, enhanced pERK protein levels, and enhanced expression of β-Arrestin 2 mRNA and protein levels in PFCx. In a neuronal cell line, we found that selective CB(2) receptor agonists upregulate β-Arrestin 2, an effect that was prevented by selective CB(2) receptor antagonist JTE-907 and CB(2) shRNA lentiviral particles. Additionally, inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, ERK1/2, and the AP-1 transcription factor also prevented the cannabinoid receptor-induced upregulation of β-Arrestin 2. Our results suggest that sustained activation of CB(2) receptors would enhance β-Arrestin 2 expression possibly contributing to its increased interaction with ERK1/2, thereby driving the upregulation of 5-HT(2A) receptors. The CB(2) receptor-mediated upregulation of β-Arrestin 2 would be mediated, at least in part, by an ERK1/2-dependent activation of AP-1. These data could provide the rationale for some of the adverse effects associated with repeated cannabinoid exposure and shed light on some CB(2) receptor agonists that could represent an alternative therapeutic because of their minimal effect on serotonergic neurotransmission.
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Straightforward copper-catalyzed synthesis of pyrrolopyrazoles from halogenated pyrazolecarbaldehydes. Tetrahedron Lett 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2012.05.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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24
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Zheng LW, Zhao BX, Liu YR. Expeditious Synthesis and Single Crystal Structure of New Pyrazole-Fused 1,4-Oxazine. J Heterocycl Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Wen Zheng
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Rui Liu
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Shandong University; Jinan 250100 People's Republic of China
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Nayak M, Batra S. Synthesis of Diverse Fused Pyrazoles through Palladium-Mediated Heteroarylation of Heteroarene C-H Bonds. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Dow RL, Carpino PA, Gautreau D, Hadcock JR, Iredale PA, Kelly-Sullivan D, Lizano JS, O’Connor RE, Schneider SR, Scott DO, Ward KM. Design of a Potent CB1 Receptor Antagonist Series: Potential Scaffold for Peripherally-Targeted Agents. ACS Med Chem Lett 2012; 3:397-401. [PMID: 24900484 DOI: 10.1021/ml3000325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Antagonism of cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptor signaling has been demonstrated to inhibit feeding behaviors in humans, but CB1-mediated central nervous system (CNS) side effects have halted the marketing and further development of the lead drugs against this target. However, peripherally restricted CB1 receptor antagonists may hold potential for providing the desired efficacy with reduced CNS side effect profiles. In this report we detail the discovery and structure-activity-relationship analysis of a novel bicyclic scaffold (3) that exhibits potent CB1 receptor antagonism and oral activity in preclinical feeding models. Optimization of physical properties has led to the identification of analogues which are predicted to have reduced CNS exposure and could serve as a starting point for the design of peripherally targeted CB1 receptor antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L. Dow
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Philip A. Carpino
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Denise Gautreau
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - John R. Hadcock
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Philip A. Iredale
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Dawn Kelly-Sullivan
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Jeffrey S. Lizano
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Rebecca E. O’Connor
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Steven R. Schneider
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Dennis O. Scott
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Karen M. Ward
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Eastern
Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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27
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In silico investigation of interactions between human cannabinoid receptor-1 and its antagonists. J Mol Model 2012; 18:3831-45. [PMID: 22402754 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-012-1381-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB(1)) is widely expressed in the central nervous system and plays a vital role in regulating food intake and energy expenditure. CB(1) antagonists such as Rimonabant have been used in clinic to inhibit food intake, and therefore reduce body weight in obese animals and humans. To investigate the binding modes of CB(1) antagonists to the receptor, both receptor- and ligand-based methods were implemented in this study. At first, a pharmacophore model was generated based on 31 diverse CB(1) antagonists collected from literature. A test set validation and a simulated virtual screening evaluation were then performed to verify the reliability and discriminating ability of the pharmacophore. Meanwhile, the homology model of CB(1) receptor was constructed based on the crystal structure of human β (2) adrenergic receptor (β (2)-AR). Several classical antagonists were then docked into the optimized homology model with induced fit docking method. A hydrogen bond between the antagonists and Lys192 on the third transmembrane helix of the receptor was formed in the docking study, which has proven to be critical for receptor-ligand interaction by biological experiments. The structure obtained from induced fit docking was then confirmed to be a reliable model for molecular docking from the result of the simulated virtual screening. The consistency between the pharmacophore and the homology structure further proved the previous observation. The built receptor structure and antagonists' pharmacophore should be useful for the understanding of inhibitory mechanism and development of novel CB(1) antagonists.
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28
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Nayak M, Batra S. Synthesis of substituted pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridines via copper-mediated intramolecular C–N cross-coupling of primary allylamines. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra01170k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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29
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1-Aryl-5-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide: An effective scaffold for the design of either CB1 or CB2 receptor ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:5641-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 09/05/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Zehnder L, Bennett M, Meng J, Huang B, Ninkovic S, Wang F, Braganza J, Tatlock J, Jewell T, Zhou JZ, Burke B, Wang J, Maegley K, Mehta PP, Yin MJ, Gajiwala KS, Hickey MJ, Yamazaki S, Smith E, Kang P, Sistla A, Dovalsantos E, Gehring MR, Kania R, Wythes M, Kung PP. Optimization of Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Pyrrolodinopyrimidine-Containing Inhibitors of Heat Shock Protein 90. Identification of Development Candidate 2-Amino-4-{4-chloro-2-[2-(4-fluoro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)ethoxy]-6-methylphenyl}-N-(2,2-difluoropropyl)-5,7-dihydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine-6-carboxamide. J Med Chem 2011; 54:3368-85. [DOI: 10.1021/jm200128m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Zehnder
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Michael Bennett
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jerry Meng
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Buwen Huang
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Sacha Ninkovic
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Fen Wang
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - John Braganza
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - John Tatlock
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Tanya Jewell
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Joe Zhongxiang Zhou
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Ben Burke
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jeff Wang
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Karen Maegley
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Pramod P. Mehta
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Min-Jean Yin
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Ketan S. Gajiwala
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Michael J. Hickey
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Shinji Yamazaki
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Evan Smith
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Ping Kang
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Anand Sistla
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Elena Dovalsantos
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Michael R. Gehring
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Robert Kania
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Martin Wythes
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Pei-Pei Kung
- La Jolla Laboratories, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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31
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Smith JA, Molesworth PP, Hyland CJ, Ryan JH. Seven-Membered Rings. PROGRESS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-6380(11)22016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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32
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Silvestri R, Ligresti A, La Regina G, Piscitelli F, Gatti V, Lavecchia A, Brizzi A, Pasquini S, Allarà M, Fantini N, Carai MAM, Bigogno C, Rozio MG, Sinisi R, Novellino E, Colombo G, Di Marzo V, Dondio G, Corelli F. Synthesis and biological evaluation of new N-alkyl 1-aryl-5-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamides as cannabinoid receptor ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:5878-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Revised: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Wagner JD, Zhang L, Kavanagh K, Ward GM, Chin JE, Hadcock JR, Auerbach BJ, Harwood HJ. A selective cannabinoid-1 receptor antagonist, PF-95453, reduces body weight and body fat to a greater extent than pair-fed controls in obese monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2010; 335:103-13. [PMID: 20605903 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.110.168187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabinoid-1 (CB(1)) receptor antagonists exhibit pharmacological properties favorable to treatment of obesity, caused by both centrally mediated effects on appetite and peripherally mediated effects on energy metabolism. However, the relative contribution of these effects to the weight loss produced by CB(1) receptor antagonists remains unclear. Here, we compare food intake-related and independent effects of the CB(1)-selective antagonist 1-(7-(2-chlorophenyl)-8-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-methylpyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazin-4-yl)-3-(methylamino) azetidine-3-carboxamide (PF-95453) in obese cynomolgus monkeys. Monkeys were divided into three study groups (n = 10 each) and treated once daily for 8 weeks with either vehicle or PF-95453 as follows: 1, fed ad libitum and dosed orally with vehicle; 2, fed ad libitum and dosed orally with PF-95453 (0.5 mg/kg weeks 1-3, 1.0 mg/kg weeks 4-8); and 3, fed an amount equal to the amount consumed by the drug-treated group and dosed orally with vehicle (pair-fed). PF-95453 treatment significantly reduced food consumption by 23%, body weight by 10%, body fat by 39%, and leptin by 34% while increasing adiponectin by 78% relative to vehicle-treated controls. Pair-fed animals did not exhibit reductions in body weight or leptin but did show significantly reduced body fat (11%) and increased adiponectin (15%) relative to vehicle-treated controls but markedly less than after PF-95453 treatment. Indeed, significant differences were noted between the drug-treated and pair-fed groups with respect to body weight reduction, body fat reduction, increased adiponectin, and leptin reduction. Similar to humans, monkeys treated with the CB(1) receptor antagonist exhibited decreased body weight and body fat, a substantial portion of which seemed to be independent of the effects on food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice D Wagner
- Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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Diaryl piperidines as CB1 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:1278-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.11.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2009] [Revised: 11/14/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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35
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Debenham JS, Madsen-Duggan CB, Toupence RB, Walsh TF, Wang J, Tong X, Kumar S, Lao J, Fong TM, Xiao JC, Huang CRRC, Shen CP, Feng Y, Marsh DJ, Stribling DS, Shearman LP, Strack AM, Goulet MT. Furo[2,3-b]pyridine-based cannabinoid-1 receptor inverse agonists: synthesis and biological evaluation. Part 1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:1448-52. [PMID: 20096577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2009] [Revised: 12/15/2009] [Accepted: 12/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, SAR and binding affinities of cannabinoid-1 receptor (CB1R) inverse agonists based on furo[2,3-b]pyridine scaffolds are described. Food intake, mechanism specific efficacy, pharmacokinetic, and metabolic evaluation of several of these compounds indicate that they are effective orally active modulators of CB1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Debenham
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, PO Box 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
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Mazzoni O, Diurno MV, di Bosco AM, Novellino E, Grieco P, Esposito G, Bertamino A, Calignano A, Russo R. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of analogs of indole-based cannabimimetic agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2009; 75:106-14. [PMID: 19895505 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2009.00910.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aminoalkylindoles (AAIs), although structurally dissimilar from the classical cannabinoids, are known to be capable of binding to cannabinoid receptors and of evoking cannabinomimetic responses. With the aim of investigating the structure-activity relationships (SAR) for the binding of non-classical agonists to CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, we designed and synthesized a series of indole derivatives. The compounds were tested for their analgesic action by formalin test and compared to WIN 55212-2, an AAI acting to the cannabinoid receptors. In receptor binding assay, compound 5 showed affinity for the CB1 receptor comparable to WIN 55212-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orazio Mazzoni
- Dipartimento di Chimica Farmaceutica e Tossicologica, Via D. Montesano 49 Università di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Nag S, Nayak M, Batra S. First Copper-Catalyzed Intramolecular Amidation in Substituted 4-Iodopyrazoles Leading to the Synthesis of Pyrazolo[4,3-b]- pyridin-5-ones. Adv Synth Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200900438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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38
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39
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Silvestri R, Ligresti A, Regina GL, Piscitelli F, Gatti V, Brizzi A, Pasquini S, Lavecchia A, Allarà M, Fantini N, Carai MAM, Novellino E, Colombo G, Marzo VD, Corelli F. Synthesis, cannabinoid receptor affinity, molecular modeling studies and in vivo pharmacological evaluation of new substituted 1-aryl-5-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamides. 2. Effect of the 3-carboxamide substituent on the affinity and selectivity profile. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:5549-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2009] [Revised: 06/09/2009] [Accepted: 06/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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