1
|
Kobayakawa T, Tsuji K, Konno K, Himeno A, Masuda A, Yang T, Takahashi K, Ishida Y, Ohashi N, Kuwata T, Matsumoto K, Yoshimura K, Sakawaki H, Miura T, Harada S, Matsushita S, Tamamura H. Hybrids of Small-Molecule CD4 Mimics with Polyethylene Glycol Units as HIV Entry Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2021; 64:1481-1496. [PMID: 33497209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CD4 mimics are small molecules that inhibit the interaction of gp120 with CD4. We have developed several CD4 mimics. Herein, hybrid molecules consisting of CD4 mimics with a long alkyl chain or a PEG unit attached through a self-cleavable linker were synthesized. In anti-HIV activity, modification with a PEG unit appeared to be more suitable than modification with a long alkyl chain. Thus, hybrid molecules of CD4 mimics, with PEG units attached through an uncleavable linker, were developed and showed high anti-HIV activity and low cytotoxicity. In investigation of pharmacokinetics in a rhesus macaque, a hybrid compound had a more effective PK profile than that of the parent compound, and intramuscular injection was a more useful administration route to maintain the high blood concentration of the CD4 mimic than intravenous injection. The presented hybrid molecules of CD4 mimics with a PEG unit would be practically useful when combined with a neutralizing antibody.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Kobayakawa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kohei Tsuji
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kiju Konno
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Ai Himeno
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ami Masuda
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Tingting Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Kohei Takahashi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ishida
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Nami Ohashi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Takeo Kuwata
- The Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Kaho Matsumoto
- The Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yoshimura
- Institute of Public Health, Bureau of Social Welfare and Public Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-0073, Japan
| | - Hiromi Sakawaki
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Miura
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Harada
- AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Shuzo Matsushita
- The Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tamamura
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fu D, Rao X, Xu J, Tanabe G, Muraoka O, Wu X, Xie W. First total synthesis of cyclic pentadepsipeptides Hikiamides A–C. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.01.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
3
|
Figueras E, Borbély A, Ismail M, Frese M, Sewald N. Novel unit B cryptophycin analogues as payloads for targeted therapy. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 14:1281-1286. [PMID: 29977395 PMCID: PMC6009196 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.14.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptophycins are naturally occurring cytotoxins with great potential for chemotherapy. Since targeted therapy provides new perspectives for treatment of cancer, new potent analogues of cytotoxic agents containing functional groups for conjugation to homing devices are required. We describe the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of three new unit B cryptophycin analogues. The O-methyl group of the unit B D-tyrosine analogue was replaced by an O-(allyloxyethyl) moiety, an O-(hydroxyethyl) group, or an O-(((azidoethoxy)ethoxy)ethoyxethyl) substituent. While the former two maintain cytotoxicity in the subnanomolar range, the attachment of the triethylene glycol spacer with a terminal azide results in a complete loss of activity. Docking studies of the novel cryptophycin analogues to β-tubulin provided a rationale for the observed cytotoxicities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Figueras
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Adina Borbély
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Mohamed Ismail
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marcel Frese
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert Sewald
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
|
5
|
Goswami D, Koli MR, Chatterjee S, Chattopadhyay S, Sharma A. syn-Selective crotylation of aldehydes using bismuth-crotyl bromide-(1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide) combination: some synthetic applications. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:3756-3774. [PMID: 28406519 DOI: 10.1039/c7ob00626h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Bi-[bmim][Br] combination has been found to offer high syn-selectivity in the crotylation of aldehydes with crotyl bromide using practically stoichiometric amounts of the reagents. The room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL), [bmim][Br], activated Bi metal in the presence of oxygen to produce crotylbismuthdibromide, which reacted with the aldehydes at room temperature. The major anti-syn diastereomeric product obtained from the crotylation of (R)-cyclohexylideneglyceraldehyde was utilized for the synthesis of dictyostatin and cryptophycin segments, and (+)-cis-aerangis lactone, using standard synthetic protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dibakar Goswami
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Weiss C, Sammet B, Sewald N. Recent approaches for the synthesis of modified cryptophycins. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:924-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np70022d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
7
|
Bolduc KL, Larsen SD, Sherman DH. Efficient, divergent synthesis of cryptophycin unit A analogues. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:10.1039/c2cc32417b. [PMID: 22617820 PMCID: PMC3494784 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc32417b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A flexible and divergent synthesis of cryptophycin unit A analogues is described. This method relies on iridium-catalysed stereo- and enantioselective crotylation and chemoselective one-pot oxidative olefination to access common intermediate . Heck, cross metathesis, and Suzuki-Miyaura reactions are illustrated for the generation of methyl ester unit A analogues .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L. Bolduc
- Life Sciences Institute and Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Chemistry, and Microbiology & Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Scott D. Larsen
- Life Sciences Institute and Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Chemistry, and Microbiology & Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - David H. Sherman
- Life Sciences Institute and Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, Chemistry, and Microbiology & Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Khan AA, Chee SH, Stocker BL, Timmer MSM. The Synthesis of Long-Chain α-Alkyl-β-Hydroxy Esters Using Allylic Halides in a Fráter-Seebach Alkylation. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
9
|
Yadav J, Purnima K, Subba Reddy B, Nagaiah K, Ghamdi A. Total synthesis of cryptophycin-24 (arenastatin A) via Prins cyclization. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.09.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
10
|
Andavan GSB, Lemmens-Gruber R. Cyclodepsipeptides from marine sponges: natural agents for drug research. Mar Drugs 2010; 8:810-34. [PMID: 20411126 PMCID: PMC2857363 DOI: 10.3390/md8030810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Revised: 03/04/2010] [Accepted: 03/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of natural products from marine sponges, such as cyclodepsipeptides, have been identified. The structural characteristics of this family of cyclic peptides include various unusual amino acid residues and unique N-terminal polyketide-derived moieties. Papuamides are representatives of a class of marine sponge derived cyclic depsipeptides, including callipeltin A, celebesides A and B, homophymine A, mirabamides, microspinosamide, neamphamide A and theopapuamides. They are thought to have cytoprotective activity against HIV-1 in vitro by inhibiting viral entry. Jasplakinolide, a representative member of marine sponge-derived cyclodepsipeptides that include arenastatin A, geodiamolides, homophymines, spongidepsin and theopapuamides, is a potent inducer of actin polymerization in vitro. Although actin dynamics is essential for tumor metasasis, no actin targeting drugs have been used in clinical trials due to their severe cytotoxicity. Nonetheless, the actin cytoskeleton remains a potential target for anti-cancer drug development. These features imply the use of cyclodepsipeptides as molecular models in drug research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rosa Lemmens-Gruber
- * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail:
; Tel.: +43-1-4277-55325; Fax: +43-1-4277-9553
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gesinski MR, Tadpetch K, Rychnovsky SD. Symmetric macrocycles by a Prins dimerization and macrocyclization strategy. Org Lett 2010; 11:5342-5. [PMID: 19873984 DOI: 10.1021/ol9022062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A tandem dimerization/macrocyclization reaction utilizing the Prins cyclization has been developed. This reaction develops molecular complexity through the formation of highly substituted dimeric tetrahydropyran macrocycles. Mild conditions utilizing rhenium(VII) catalysts were explored for aromatic substrates, while harsher Lewis acidic conditions were used for aliphatic substrates. Both aldehydes and acetals are shown to be viable substrates for this reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Gesinski
- Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences II, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ugele M, Sasse F, Knapp S, Fedorov O, Zubriene A, Matulis D, Maier ME. Propionate Analogues of Zearalenone Bind to Hsp90. Chembiochem 2009; 10:2203-12. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
13
|
Chen QH, Ganesh T, Brodie P, Slebodnick C, Jiang Y, Banerjee A, Bane S, Snyder JP, Kingston DGI. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of bridged epothilone D analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:4542-52. [PMID: 19039362 PMCID: PMC2790820 DOI: 10.1039/b814823f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Six epothilone D analogues with a bridge between the C4-methyl and the C12-methyl carbons were prepared in an attempt to constrain epothilone D to its proposed tubulin-binding conformation. Ring-closing metathesis (RCM) was employed as the key step to build the C4-C26 bridge. In antiproliferative assays in the human ovarian cancer (A2780) and prostate cancer (PC3) cell lines, and also in tubulin assembly assay, all these compounds proved to be less active than epothilone D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, M/C 0212, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ding Y, Seufert WH, Beck ZQ, Sherman DH. Analysis of the cryptophycin P450 epoxidase reveals substrate tolerance and cooperativity. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:5492-8. [PMID: 18366166 DOI: 10.1021/ja710520q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cryptophycins are potent anticancer agents isolated from Nostoc sp. ATCC 53789 and Nostoc sp. GSV 224. The most potent natural cryptophycin analogues retain a beta-epoxide at the C2'-C3' position of the molecule. A P450 epoxidase encoded by c rpE recently identified from the cryptophycin gene cluster was shown to install this key functional group into cryptophycin-4 (Cr-4) to produce cryptophycin-2 (Cr-2) in a regio- and stereospecific manner. Here we report a detailed characterization of the CrpE epoxidase using an engineered maltose binding protein (MBP)-CrpE fusion. The substrate tolerance of the CrpE polypeptide was investigated with a series of structurally related cryptophycin analogues generated by chemoenzymatic synthesis. The enzyme specifically installed a beta-epoxide between C2' and C3' of cyclic cryptophycin analogues. The kcat/Km values of the enzyme were determined to provide further insights into the P450 epoxidase catalytic efficiency affected by substrate structural variation. Finally, binding analysis revealed cooperativity of MBP-CrpE toward natural and unnatural desepoxy cryptophycin substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousong Ding
- Life Sciences Institute and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Seufert W, Beck ZQ, Sherman DH. Enzymatic release and macrolactonization of cryptophycins from a safety-catch solid support. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 46:9298-300. [PMID: 17979172 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200703665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Seufert
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Seufert W, Beck Z, Sherman D. Enzymatic Release and Macrolactonization of Cryptophycins from a Safety-Catch Solid Support. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200703665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
17
|
Abstract
Synthetic studies toward the total synthesis of (+)-acutiphycin (1) resulted in the discovery of additive-free, highly regioselective nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling reactions of aldehydes and 1,6-enynes and the construction of an advanced intermediate in studies directed toward the synthesis of 1. Ultimately, although not employing the nickel-catalyzed reaction, a highly convergent total synthesis of (+)-acutiphycin featuring an intermolecular SmI2-mediated Reformatsky coupling reaction and macrolactonization initiated by a retro-ene reaction of an alkoxyalkyne was achieved. The resulting synthesis was 18 steps in the longest linear sequence from either methyl acetoacetate or isobutyraldehyde.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M. Moslin
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Timothy F. Jamison
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Eissler S, Nahrwold M, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Sewald N. Short and Efficient Synthesis of Cryptophycin Unit A. Org Lett 2007; 9:817-9. [PMID: 17284043 DOI: 10.1021/ol063032l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Two short synthetic approaches toward cryptophycin unit A comprise a catalytic asymmetric dihydroxylation as the sole source of chirality, while all further stereogenic centers are introduced under substrate control. The key step of the first route is a vinylogous Mukaiyama aldol addition, which introduces the alpha,beta-unsaturated ester moiety with defined configuration at the delta-carbon atom. Likewise, allylation with allyltributylstannane diastereoselectively gives the homoallylic alcohol that can be converted by a metathesis reaction to a unit A precursor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Eissler
- Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry and Inorganic Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
David Crouch R, Williams AB. Rapid, Acid‐Mediated Deprotection of Silyl Ethers Using Microwave Heating. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910500466488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. David Crouch
- a Department of Chemistry , Dickinson College , Carlisle, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anna B. Williams
- a Department of Chemistry , Dickinson College , Carlisle, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kotoku N, Kato T, Narumi F, Ohtani E, Kamada S, Aoki S, Okada N, Nakagawa S, Kobayashi M. Synthesis of 15,20-triamide analogue with polar substituent on the phenyl ring of arenastatin A, an extremely potent cytotoxic spongean depsipeptide. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:7446-57. [PMID: 16877000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2006] [Revised: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 07/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In order to increase metabolic stability and water solubility of arenastatin A, an extremely potent cytotoxic depsipeptide from the Okinawan marine sponge of Dysidea arenaria, several 15,20-triamide analogues with a polar substituent on the phenyl ring were synthesized. The 15,20-triamide analogues with a polar substituent (24, 30, and 31) showed increased solubility to MeOH and stronger cytotoxicity against KB cells in comparison with the parental 15,20-triamide analogue (2). Furthermore, the diethylamine analogue (30) exhibited in vivo anti-tumor activity against subcutaneously implanted murine sarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Kotoku
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Beck ZQ, Aldrich CC, Magarvey NA, Georg GI, Sherman DH. Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of Cryptophycin/Arenastatin Natural Products. Biochemistry 2005; 44:13457-66. [PMID: 16216069 DOI: 10.1021/bi051140u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microbially derived modular polyketide synthase and nonribosomal peptide synthetase biosynthetic pathways are a rich source of novel natural products. Development of these systems for the engineered biosynthesis of diverse secondary metabolites continues to progress as a robust source of chemical diversity. Recent efforts that employ individual enzymes and catalytic domains for the production or modification of small molecules have met with growing success. In this study, the thioesterase domain from the cryptophycin biosynthetic pathway was isolated and its function evaluated with a series of linear chain elongation intermediates in developing a novel chemoenzymatic synthesis of the cryptophycin/arenastatin class of antitumor agents. The results show the high efficiency of the thioesterase in generating the 16-membered depsipeptide ring of this important natural product system. Moreover, analysis of selected substrates revealed considerable tolerance for structural variation within the seco-cryptophycin unit C beta-alanine residue, but strict structural requirements at the phenyl group position of the unit A delta-hydroxy octadienoate chain elongation intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Q Beck
- Life Sciences Institute, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2216, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
|
24
|
Buck SB, Huff JK, Himes RH, Georg GI. Total Synthesis and Anti-Tubulin Activity of Epi-C3 Analogues of Cryptophycin-24. J Med Chem 2004; 47:3697-9. [PMID: 15214797 DOI: 10.1021/jm030555f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Epi-C3-cryptophycin-24, epi-C3-m-chlorobenzyl-cryptophycin-24, and the corresponding styrenes were synthesized and tested in vitro against the MCF-7 and multidrug-resistant MCF-7/ADR breast cancer cell lines and in an in vitro tubulin assembly assay. The results demonstrate that the S configuration at the C3 stereocenter is not required to induce potent cytotoxicity and the m-Cl substituent present on the C10 side chain did not induce any large change in activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne B Buck
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Drive, Lawrence, KS 66045-7582, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tripathy NK, Georg GI. RCM approach for the total synthesis of cryptophycin-24 (Arenastatin A). Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.04.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
26
|
Ghosh AK, Bischoff A. Asymmetric Syntheses of Potent Antitumor Macrolides Cryptophycin B and Arenastatin A. European J Org Chem 2004; 2004:2131-2141. [PMID: 30443158 PMCID: PMC6233905 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200300814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2003] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Efficient and highly stereoselective syntheses of cryptophycin B and arenastatin A, potent cytotoxic agents, are described. An ester-derived titanium enolate mediated syn-aldol reaction was employed to generate the stereocenters C-5 and C-6. The route is convergent and provides a convenient access to the synthesis of structural variants of cryptophycins as well as members of its family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arun K Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - A Bischoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Buck SB, Huff JK, Himes RH, Georg GI. Total Synthesis and Antitubulin Activity of C10 Analogues of Cryptophycin-24. J Med Chem 2003; 47:696-702. [PMID: 14736249 DOI: 10.1021/jm030278c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The unsubstituted, 3'-Cl, 4'-C1, and 3',4'-diCl C10 analogues of cryptophycin-24 were prepared via total synthesis and tested in vitro for cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and multi-drug-resistant MCF-7/ADR breast cancer cell lines and in a tubulin assembly assay. The ED(50) values ranged from 7.2 to 15.8 microM in the tubulin assay and from 0.05 to 3.4 nM in the cell assays. The presence of a 3'-C1 and/or 4'-C1 substituent on the C10 phenyl ring increased cytotoxicity in the MCF-7 cell line compared to the unsubstituted phenyl ring. The most potent compound in this series possessed a 3'-C1 substituent on the C10 phenyl ring. The 3'-C1 analogue had ED(50) values of 50 and 580 pM in the MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cell lines, respectively. Its activity was very similar to the parent compound cryptophycin-24. Substitution of the 4'-MeO group in cryptophycin-24 with a 4'-C1 moiety did not significantly affect cytotoxicity against MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR cells compared to the parent compound. These results demonstrated that the 4'-MeO group in cryptophycin-24 is not essential and can be replaced with 3'-C1 or 4'-C1 substituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne B Buck
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7582, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Vidya R, Eggen M, Nair SK, Georg GI, Himes RH. Synthesis of Cryptophycins via an N-Acyl-β-lactam Macrolactonization. J Org Chem 2003; 68:9687-93. [PMID: 14656095 DOI: 10.1021/jo0302197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient and concise approach to the synthesis of the macrolide core of the cryptophycins has been developed. A novel macrolactonization utilizing a reactive acyl-beta-lactam intermediate incorporates the beta-amino acid moiety within the 16-membered macrolide core. This modular approach, involving a cyanide-initiated acyl-beta-lactam ring opening followed by cyclization, was successfully applied to the total synthesis of cryptophycin-24. The strategy was also used in an efficient synthesis of the 6,6-dimethyl-substituted dechlorocryptophycin-52. In this case, the cyanide-initiated ring opening of the bis-substituted 2-azetidinone followed by macrolactonization was achieved through a catalytic process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramdas Vidya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ghosh AK, Swanson L. Enantioselective Synthesis of (+)-Cryptophycin 52 (LY355703), a Potent Antimitotic Antitumor Agent. J Org Chem 2003; 68:9823-6. [PMID: 14656116 DOI: 10.1021/jo035077v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly enantioselective and convergent synthesis of cryptophycin 52 (2), an exceedingly potent cytotoxic agent, is described. Cryptophycin 52, a synthetic variant of the cryptophycin family, is currently undergoing clinical trials. The synthesis is convergent and involves assembly of three fragments, phenyl hexenal 3, d-tyrosine phosphonate 4, and protected beta-amino acid derivative 5. The synthesis of fragment 3 involves an efficient and stereocontrolled construction of both stereogenic centers at C-3 and C-4 by cleavage of a substituted tetrahydrofuran ring via an acyloxycarbenium ion intermediate. Both of these stereogenic centers were derived from optically active 4-phenylbutyrolactone, synthesized enantioselectively by Corey-Bakshi-Shibata reduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arun K Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Al-Awar RS, Ray JE, Schultz RM, Andis SL, Kennedy JH, Moore RE, Liang J, Golakoti T, Subbaraju GV, Corbett TH. A convergent approach to cryptophycin 52 analogues: synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of fragment a epoxides and chlorohydrins. J Med Chem 2003; 46:2985-3007. [PMID: 12825938 DOI: 10.1021/jm0203884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cryptophycin 52 is a synthetic derivative of Cryptophycin 1, a potent antimicrotubule agent isolated from cyanobacteria. In an effort to increase the potency and water solubility of the molecule, a structure-activity relationship study (SAR) was initiated around the phenyl ring of fragment A. These Cryptophycin 52 analogues were accessed using a Wittig olefination reaction between various triphenylphosphonium salts and a key intermediate aldehyde prepared from Cryptophycin 53. Substitution on the phenyl ring of fragment A was well tolerated, and several of these analogues were equally or more potent than Cryptophycin 52 when evaluated in vitro in the CCRF-CEM leukemia cell line and in vivo against a murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rima S Al-Awar
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Raghavan S, Tony KA. Sulfinyl moiety as an internal nucleophile. 1. Efficient stereoselective synthesis of fragment a of cryptophycin 3. J Org Chem 2003; 68:5002-5. [PMID: 12790623 DOI: 10.1021/jo026802p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel, efficient, and stereoselective synthesis of fragment A of cryptophycin 3 is disclosed. The key step involves the regio- and stereoselective transformation of an unsaturated ester to a bromohydrin via anchimeric assistance by the sulfinyl group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadagopan Raghavan
- Organic Division I, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Vidya R, Eggen M, Georg GI, Himes RH. Cryptophycin affinity labels: synthesis and biological activity of a benzophenone analogue of cryptophycin-24. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:757-60. [PMID: 12639575 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)01023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
An efficient synthesis of a C16 side chain benzophenone analogue of cryptophycin-24 using a crotylboration reaction and Heck coupling as key steps is described. In an in vitro tubulin assembly assay, the benzophenone analogue of the beta isomer (IC(50)=7.4 microM) is twice as active as cryptophycin-24 (IC(50)=15 microM).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramdas Vidya
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A brief stereospecific synthesis of cryptophycin 1 is described in which (R)-mandelic acid serves as the sole source of asymmetry for unit A. The key step is a hetero-Diels-Alder cycloaddition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Hai Li
- Department of Chemistry, 2545 The Mall, University of Hawaii, Honolulu 96822, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Abstract
The cryptophycins are a unique family of 16-membered macrolide antimitotic agents isolated from the cyanobacteria Nostoc sp. Their molecular target is tubulin protein wherein they are the most potent known stabilizers of microtubule dynamics and depolymerize microtubules at higher concentrations. They also deactivate the Bcl2 protein and produce apoptotic response much more quickly and at considerably lower concentrations than clinically utilized compounds. The presence of several amide and ester linkages within the cryptophycin core provides access to very convergent total synthetic approaches. Likewise, the modularity of the structure renders their synthesis amenable to structure-activity studies in several regions of the molecule. The in vivo hydrolytic instability of the C5 ester was a key obstacle to the successful identification of a clinical candidate. This problem was ameliorated by increased substitution at C6 as in the presence of gem-dimethyl substitution in the clinical candidate, cryptophycin-52.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- MariJean Eggen
- Pharmacia Corporation, 7000 Portage Road, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gerwick WH, Tan LT, Sitachitta N. Nitrogen-containing metabolites from marine cyanobacteria. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2002; 57:75-184. [PMID: 11705123 DOI: 10.1016/s0099-9598(01)57003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W H Gerwick
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
|
39
|
Eggen M, Nair SK, Georg GI. Rapid entry into the cryptophycin core via an acyl-beta-lactam macrolactonization: total synthesis of cryptophycin-24. Org Lett 2001; 3:1813-5. [PMID: 11405718 DOI: 10.1021/ol010044s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[see structure]. An efficient, concise approach to the macrolide core of the cryptophycins, potent antimitotic agents, has been achieved. The reaction sequence features a novel macrolactonization utilizing a reactive acyl-beta-lactam intermediate that incorporates the beta-amino acid moiety within the 16-membered macrolide core. This highly modular approach, which allows for multiple alterations throughout the structure, was successfully applied to the total synthesis of cryptophycin-24.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Eggen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|