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Liao CP, Hsieh YC, Lu CH, Dai WC, Yang WT, Cheng KT, Ramani MV, Subbaraju GV, Chang CC. Methoxyhispolon Methyl Ether, a Hispolon Analog, Thwarts the SRC/STAT3/BCL-2 Axis to Provoke Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Apoptosis In Vitro. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2742. [PMID: 37893115 PMCID: PMC10604664 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer with few treatment options. A promising TNBC treatment approach is targeting the oncogenic signaling pathways pivotal to TNBC initiation and progression. Deregulated activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is fundamental to driving TNBC malignant transformation, highlighting STAT3 as a promising TNBC therapeutic target. Methoxyhispolon Methyl Ether (MHME) is an analog of Hispolon, an anti-cancer polyphenol found in the medicinal mushroom Phellinus linteus. Still, MHME's anti-cancer effects and mechanisms remain unknown. Herein, we present the first report about MHME's anti-TNBC effect and its action mechanism. We first revealed that MHME is proapoptotic and cytotoxic against human TNBC cell lines HS578T, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-463 and displayed a more potent cytotoxicity than Hispolon's. Mechanistically, MHME suppressed both constitutive and interleukin 6 (IL-6)-induced activation of STAT3 represented by the extent of tyrosine 705-phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3). Notably, MHME-evoked apoptosis and clonogenicity impairment were abrogated in TNBC cells overexpressing a dominant-active mutant of STAT3 (STAT3-C); supporting the blockade of STAT3 activation is an integral mechanism of MHME's cytotoxic action on TNBC cells. Moreover, MHME downregulated BCL-2 in a STAT3-dependent manner, and TNBC cells overexpressing BCL-2 were refractory to MHME-induced apoptosis, indicating that BCL-2 downregulation is responsible for MHME's proapoptotic effect on TNBC cells. Finally, MHME suppressed SRC activation, while v-src overexpression rescued p-STAT3 levels and downregulated apoptosis in MHME-treated TNBC cells. Collectively, we conclude that MHME provokes TNBC cell apoptosis through the blockade of the SRC/STAT3/BCL-2 pro-survival axis. Our findings suggest the potential of applying MHME as a TNBC chemotherapy agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Pin Liao
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 433401, Taiwan;
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Chu Hsieh
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Hsing Lu
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407219, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chi Dai
- Doctoral Program in Biotechnology Industrial Innovation and Management, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Ting Yang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Kur-Ta Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
| | - Modukuri V. Ramani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, India; (M.V.R.); (G.V.S.)
| | | | - Chia-Che Chang
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
- Doctoral Program in Biotechnology Industrial Innovation and Management, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Rong Hsing Translational Medicine Research Center, The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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Hsieh YC, Dai YC, Cheng KT, Yang WT, Ramani MV, Subbaraju GV, Chen YJ, Chang CC. Blockade of the SRC/STAT3/BCL-2 Signaling Axis Sustains the Cytotoxicity in Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines Induced by Dehydroxyhispolon Methyl Ether. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2530. [PMID: 37760971 PMCID: PMC10526010 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent human cancer globally. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based systemic chemotherapy is the primary strategy for advanced CRC treatment, yet is limited by poor response rate. Deregulated activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is fundamental to driving CRC malignant transformation and a poor prognostic marker for CRC, underscoring STAT3 as a promising CRC drug target. Dehydroxyhispolon methyl ether (DHME) is an analog of Hispolon, an anticancer polyphenol abundant in the medicinal mushroom Phellinus linteus. Previously, we have established DHME's cytotoxic effect on human CRC cell lines by eliciting apoptosis through the blockade of WNT/β-catenin signaling, a preeminent CRC oncogenic pathway. Herein, we unraveled that compared with 5-FU, DHME is a more potent killer of CRC cells while being much less toxic to normal colon epithelial cells. DHME suppressed both constitutive and interleukin 6 (IL-6)-induced STAT3 activation represented by tyrosine 705 phosphorylation of STAT3 (p-STAT3 (Y705)); notably, DHME-induced CRC apoptosis and clonogenicity limitation were abrogated by ectopic expression of STAT3-C, a dominant-active STAT3 mutant. Additionally, we proved that BCL-2 downregulation caused by DHME-mediated STAT3 blockage is responsible for DHME-induced CRC cell apoptosis. Lastly, DHME inhibited SRC activation, and v-src overexpression restored p-STAT3 (Y705) levels along with lowering the levels of apoptosis in DHME-treated CRC cells. We conclude DHME provokes CRC cell apoptosis by blocking the SRC/STAT3/BCL-2 axis besides thwarting WNT/β-catenin signaling. The notion that DHME targets two fundamental CRC signaling pathways underpins the potential of DHME as a CRC chemotherapy agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chu Hsieh
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
| | - Yuan-Chang Dai
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600566, Taiwan;
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600566, Taiwan
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Kur-Ta Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Ting Yang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
| | - Modukuri V. Ramani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530003, India; (M.V.R.); (G.V.S.)
| | | | - Yi-Ju Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407219, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- Doctoral Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402202, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
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Caruso F, Subbaraju GV, Ramani MV, Gariboldi M, Marras E, Kloer C, Sulovari A, Kaur S, Rossi M. Synthesis, X-ray diffraction and anti-proliferative biological activity of hispolon derivatives and their (η6-p-cymene)(Hispolonato)Ruthenium[II] chloride complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fan HC, Hsieh YC, Li LH, Chang CC, Janoušková K, Ramani MV, Subbaraju GV, Cheng KT, Chang CC. Dehydroxyhispolon Methyl Ether, A Hispolon Derivative, Inhibits WNT/β-Catenin Signaling to Elicit Human Colorectal Carcinoma Cell Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228839. [PMID: 33266494 PMCID: PMC7700694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Aberrant activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling present in the vast majority of CRC cases is indispensable for CRC initiation and progression, and thus is a promising target for CRC therapeutics. Hispolon is a fungal-derived polyphenol with a pronounced anticancer effect. Several hispolon derivatives, including dehydroxyhispolon methyl ether (DHME), have been chemically synthesized for developing lead molecules with stronger anticancer activity. Herein, a DHME-elicited anti-CRC effect with the underlying mechanism is reported for the first time. Specifically, DHME was found to be more cytotoxic than hispolon against a panel of human CRC cell lines, while exerting limited toxicity to normal human colon cell line CCD 841 CoN. Additionally, the cytotoxic effect of DHME appeared to rely on inducing apoptosis. This notion was evidenced by DHME-elicited upregulation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage and a cell population positively stained by annexin V, alongside the downregulation of antiapoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2), whereas the blockade of apoptosis by the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk attenuated DHME-induced cytotoxicity. Further mechanistic inquiry revealed the inhibitory action of DHME on β-catenin-mediated, T-cell factor (TCF)-dependent transcription activity, suggesting that DHME thwarted the aberrantly active WNT/β-catenin signaling in CRC cells. Notably, ectopic expression of a dominant–active β-catenin mutant (∆N90-β-catenin) abolished DHME-induced apoptosis while also restoring BCL-2 expression. Collectively, we identified DHME as a selective proapoptotic agent against CRC cells, exerting more potent cytotoxicity than hispolon, and provoking CRC cell apoptosis via suppression of the WNT/β-catenin signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hueng-Chuen Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medical Research, Tungs’ Taichung Metroharbor Hospital, Wuchi, Taichung 43503, Taiwan;
- Department of Rehabilitation, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli 35664, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chu Hsieh
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (L.-H.L.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (K.J.)
| | - Li-Hsuan Li
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (L.-H.L.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (K.J.)
| | - Ching-Chin Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (K.J.)
| | - Karolína Janoušková
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (K.J.)
- University of Chemistry and Technology, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Modukuri V. Ramani
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, India; (M.V.R.); (G.V.S.)
| | - Gottumukkala V. Subbaraju
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, India; (M.V.R.); (G.V.S.)
| | - Kur-Ta Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or (C.-C.C.); (K.-T.C.)
| | - Chia-Che Chang
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (L.-H.L.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (K.J.)
- Department of Life Sciences, The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center, Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or (C.-C.C.); (K.-T.C.)
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Shaikh SAM, Singh BG, Barik A, Balaji NV, Subbaraju GV, Naik DB, Priyadarsini KI. Unravelling the effect of β-diketo group modification on the antioxidant mechanism of curcumin derivatives: A combined experimental and DFT approach. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Balaji NV, HariBabu B, Rao VU, Subbaraju GV, Nagasree KP, Kumar MMK. Synthesis, Screening and Docking Analysis of Hispolon Pyrazoles and Isoxazoles as Potential Antitubercular Agents. Curr Top Med Chem 2019; 19:662-682. [PMID: 30834836 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190305124954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hispolons are natural products known to possess cytoprotective, antioxidant and anti-cancer activities. We have found recently anti TB activity in these compounds. Efforts were made to optimize the structure with bioisosteric replacement of 1,3-diketo functional group with the corresponding pyrazole and isoxazole moieties. OBJECTIVE The goal of this paper is designing new hispolon isoxazole and pyrazole and the evaluation of their biological activities. METHODS The designed compounds were prepared using classical organic synthesis methods. The anti- TB activity was evaluated using the MABA method. RESULTS A total of 44 compounds were synthesized (1a- 1v and 2a-2v) and screened for anti TB activity and antibacterial activity. The compounds 1b and 1n showed the highest potency with MIC 1.6µg/mL against M. tuberculosis H37Rv. CONCLUSION Bioisosteric replacement of 1,3-diketo functional group in hispolons with pyrazole or isoxazole rings have resulted in potent anti TB molecules. Docking simulations of these compounds on mtFabH enzyme resulted in a clear understanding of bioactivity profiles of these compounds. Docking scores are in good agreement with the anti TB activity obtained for these compounds. Computational studies and in vitro screening results indicate mtFabH as the probable target of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neduri V Balaji
- Department of Chemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur-AP, India
| | | | - Vanga U Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur-AP, India
| | - Gottumukkala V Subbaraju
- Natsol Laboratories Private Limited, II Floor, Research & Development Building, Ramky Commercial Hub, J. N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam-AP, India
| | - Kurre P Nagasree
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Division, Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Duvvada, Visakhapatnam-AP, India
| | - Muthyala M K Kumar
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Labs, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam- AP, India
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Chethna P, Iyer SS, Gandhi VV, Kunwar A, Singh BG, Barik A, Balaji NV, Ramani MV, Subbaraju GV, Priyadarsini KI. Toxicity and Antigenotoxic Effect of Hispolon Derivatives: Role of Structure in Modulating Cellular Redox State and Thioredoxin Reductase. ACS Omega 2018; 3:5958-5970. [PMID: 30023935 PMCID: PMC6045486 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Hispolon (HS), a bioactive polyphenol, and its derivatives such as hispolon monomethyl ether (HME), hispolon pyrazole (HP), and hispolon monomethyl ether pyrazole (HMEP) were evaluated for comparative toxicity and antigenotoxic effects. The stability of HS derivatives in biological matrices followed the order HS < HP ≈ HME < HMEP. The cytotoxicity analysis of HS derivatives indicated that HP and HMEP were less toxic than HS and HME, respectively, in both normal and tumor cell types. The mechanisms of toxicity of HS and HME involved inhibition of thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and/or induction of reductive stress. From the enzyme kinetic and docking studies, it was established that HS and HME interacted with the NADPH-binding domain of TrxR through electrostatic and hydrophobic bonds, resulting in inhibition of the catalytic activity. Subsequently, treatment with HS, HP, and HMEP at a nontoxic concentration of 10 μM in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells showed significant protection against radiation (4 Gy)-induced DNA damage as assessed by micronuclei and γ-H2AX assays. In conclusion, the above results suggested the importance of phenolic and diketo groups in controlling the stability and toxicity of HS derivatives. The pyrazole derivatives, HP and HMEP, may gain significance in the development of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pogakula Chethna
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Shruti S. Iyer
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Vishwa V. Gandhi
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi
Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
| | - Amit Kunwar
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi
Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
- E-mail: . Phone: 91-22-25592352.
Fax: 91-22-25505151 (A.K.)
| | - Beena G. Singh
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Atanu Barik
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- E-mail: (A.B.)
| | - Neduri V. Balaji
- Natsol
Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Ramky Commercial Hub, J. N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam 531019, India
| | - Modukuri V. Ramani
- Natsol
Laboratories Pvt. Ltd., Ramky Commercial Hub, J. N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam 531019, India
| | | | - K. Indira Priyadarsini
- Radiation
& Photochemistry Division and Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research
Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi
Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400 094, India
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Shaikh SAM, Singh BG, Barik A, Ramani MV, Balaji NV, Subbaraju GV, Naik DB, Indira Priyadarsini K. Diketo modification of curcumin affects its interaction with human serum albumin. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 199:394-402. [PMID: 29635184 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.03.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin isoxazole (CI) and Curcumin pyrazole (CP), the diketo modified derivatives of Curcumin (CU) are metabolically more stable and are being explored for pharmacological properties. One of the requirements in such activities is their interaction with circulatory proteins like human serum albumin (HSA). To understand this, the interactions of CI and CP with HSA have been investigated employing absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and the results are compared with that of CU. The respective binding constants of CP, CI and CU with HSA were estimated to be 9.3×105, 8.4×105 and 2.5×105M-1, which decreased with increasing salt concentration in the medium. The extent of decrease in the binding constant was the highest in CP followed by CI and CU. This revealed that along with hydrophobic interaction other binding modes like electrostatic interactions operate between CP/CI/CU with HSA. Fluorescence quenching studies of HSA with these compounds suggested that both static and dynamic quenching mechanisms operate, where the contribution of static quenching is higher for CP and CI than that for CU. From fluorescence resonance energy transfer studies, the binding site of CU, CI and CP was found to be in domain IIA of HSA. CU was found to bind in closer proximity with Trp214 as compared to CI and CP and the same was responsible for efficient energy transfer and the same was also established by fluorescence anisotropy measurements. Furthermore docking simulation complemented the experimental observation, where both electrostatic as well as hydrophobic interactions were indicated between HSA and CP, CI and CU. This study is useful in designing more stable CU derivatives having suitable binding properties with proteins like HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaukat Ali M Shaikh
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Beena G Singh
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India.
| | - Atanu Barik
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
| | | | - Neduri V Balaji
- Natsol Laboratories, J.N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam 531019, India
| | | | - Devidas B Naik
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India
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Wu MS, Chien CC, Cheng KT, Subbaraju GV, Chen YC. Hispolon Suppresses LPS- or LTA-Induced iNOS/NO Production and Apoptosis in BV-2 Microglial Cells. Am J Chin Med 2017; 45:1649-1666. [PMID: 29121802 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x17500896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Hispolon (HIS) is an active polyphenol compound derived from Phellinus linteus (Berkeley & Curtis), and our previous study showed that HIS effectively inhibited inflammatory responses in macrophages [Yang, L.Y., S.C. Shen, K.T. Cheng, G.V. Subbaraju, C.C. Chien and Y.C. Chen. Hispolon inhibition of inflammatory apoptosis through reduction of iNOS/NO production via HO-1 induction in macrophages. J. Ethnopharmacol. 156: 61-72, 2014]; however, its effect on neuronal inflammation is still undefined. In this study, HIS concentration- and time-dependently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and lipoteichoic acid (LTA)-induced inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS)/NO production with increased heme oxygenase (HO)-1 proteins in BV-2 microglial cells. Accordingly, HIS protected BV-2 cells from LPS- or LTA-induced apoptosis, characterized by decreased DNA ladder formation, and caspase-3 and poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein cleavage in BV-2 cells. Similarly, the NOS inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (NAME), inhibited LPS- or LTA-induced apoptosis of BV-2 cells, but neither NAME nor HIS showed any inhibition of NO production or cell death induced by the NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), indicating the involvement of NO in the inflammatory apoptosis of microglial cells. Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor (NF)-[Formula: see text]B contributed to LPS- or LTA-induced iNOS/NO production and apoptosis of BV-2 cells, and that was suppressed by HIS. Additionally, HIS possesses activity to induce HO-1 protein expression via activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) in BV-2 cells, and application of the HO inhibitor, tin protoporphyrin (SnPP), or knockdown of HO-1 protein by HO-1 small interfering (si)RNA significantly reversed HIS inhibition of NO production and cell death in BV-2 cells stimulated by LPS. Results of an analysis of the effects of HIS and two structurally related chemicals, i.e. dehydroxy-HIS (D-HIS) and HIS-methyl ester (HIS-ME), showed that HIS expressed the most potent inhibitory effects on iNOS/NO production, JNK activation, and apoptosis in BV-2 microglial cells activated by LPS with increased HO-1 protein expression. Overall these results suggested that HIS possesses inhibitory activity against LPS- or LTA-induced inflammatory responses including iNOS/NO production and apoptosis in BV-2 microglial cells and that the mechanisms involve upregulation of the HO-1 protein and downregulation of JNK/NF-[Formula: see text]B activation. A critical role of hydroxyl at position C3 in the anti-inflammatory actions of HIS against activated BV-2 microglial cells was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shun Wu
- * Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,† Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chiang Chien
- ¶ Department of Nephrology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.,∥ Department of Food Nutrition, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kur-Ta Cheng
- ‡ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yen-Chou Chen
- § Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,†† Cancer Research Center and Orthopedics Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Das RP, Singh BG, Kunwar A, Ramani MV, Subbaraju GV, Hassan PA, Priyadarsini KI. Tuning the binding, release and cytotoxicity of hydrophobic drug by Bovine Serum Albumin nanoparticles: Influence of particle size. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 158:682-688. [PMID: 28783613 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the effect of particle size of albumin nanoparticles on cellular uptake of a hydrophobic drug, herein we report the release kinetics and cytotoxicity of nanoparticle bound dimethylcurcumin (DMC) in A549 tumor cells. The bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles were prepared by thermal denaturation and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta (ζ) -potential, circular dichroism (CD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The preparation conditions were optimized to obtain nanoparticles with mean hydrodynamic diameters 28.0nm (BSAnp1) and 52.0nm (BSAnp2) and corresponding ζ- potential value of∼-7.0 and -6.0mV, respectively. Interaction of DMC with BSA nanoparticles was investigated by UV-vis, fluorescence and CD spectroscopy. CD studies indicated significant changes in the secondary structure of BSA upon particle formation, as revealed by decrease in the helicity. The cellular uptake of DMC increased with increase in particle size and the toxicity of DMC loaded nanoparticles to A549 cells were found to be consistent with their cellular uptake. Between the two formulations studied, BSAnp2 provided enhanced cellular uptake and can be used as an effective delivery system for hydrophobic drugs like DMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Das
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - B G Singh
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India.
| | - A Kunwar
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - M V Ramani
- Natsol Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Ramky commercial Hub, J. N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam, 531019, India
| | - G V Subbaraju
- Natsol Laboratories Pvt. Ltd, Ramky commercial Hub, J. N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam, 531019, India
| | - P A Hassan
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
| | - K I Priyadarsini
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400 094, India
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Shaikh SAM, Barik A, Singh BG, Modukuri RV, Balaji NV, Subbaraju GV, Naik DB, Priyadarsini KI. Free radical reactions of isoxazole and pyrazole derivatives of hispolon: kinetics correlated with molecular descriptors. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:1361-1373. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2016.1247955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaukat Ali M. Shaikh
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Atanu Barik
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - Beena G. Singh
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | | | - Devidas B. Naik
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
| | - K. Indira Priyadarsini
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, India
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12
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Caruso F, Pettinari R, Rossi M, Monti E, Gariboldi MB, Marchetti F, Pettinari C, Caruso A, Ramani MV, Subbaraju GV. The in vitro antitumor activity of arene-ruthenium(II) curcuminoid complexes improves when decreasing curcumin polarity. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 162:44-51. [PMID: 27293144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The antitumor activity of ruthenium(II) arene (p-cymene, benzene, hexamethylbenzene) derivatives containing modified curcumin ligands (HCurcI=(1E,4Z,6E)-5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)hepta-1,4,6-trien-3-one and HCurcII=(1E,4Z,6E)-5-hydroxy-1,7-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)hepta-1,4,6-trien-3-one) is described. These have been characterized by IR, ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopy. The X-ray crystal structure of HCurcI has been determined and compared with its related Ru complex. Four complexes have been evaluated against five tumor cell lines, whose best activities [IC50 (μM)] are: breast MCF7, 9.7; ovarian A2780, 9.4; glioblastoma U-87, 9.4; lung carcinoma A549, 13.7 and colon-rectal HCT116, 15.5; they are associated with apoptotic features. These activities are improved when compared to the already known corresponding curcumin complex, (p-cymene)Ru(curcuminato)Cl, about twice for the breast and ovarian cancer, 4.7 times stronger in the lung cancer and about 6.6 times stronger in the glioblastoma cell lines. In fact, the less active (p-cymene)Ru(curcuminato)Cl complex only shows similar activity to two novel complexes in the colon cancer cell line. Comparing antitumor activity between these novel complexes and their related curcuminoids, improvement of antiproliferative activity is seen for a complex containing CurcII in A2780, A549 and U87 cell lines, whose IC50 are halved. Therefore, after replacing OH curcumin groups with OCH3, the obtained species HCurcI and its Ru complexes have increased antitumor activity compared to curcumin and its related complex. In contrast, HCurcII is less cytotoxic than curcumin but its related complex [(p-cymene)Ru(CurcII)Cl] is twice as active as HCurcII in 3 cell lines. Results from these novel arene-Ru curcuminoid species suggest that their increased cytotoxicity on tumor cells correlate with increase of curcuminoid lipophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Caruso
- Vassar College, Department of Chemistry, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA.
| | - Riccardo Pettinari
- School of Science and Technology, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Miriam Rossi
- Vassar College, Department of Chemistry, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
| | - Elena Monti
- University of Insubria, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Via A. da Giussano 10, 21052, Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy
| | - Marzia Bruna Gariboldi
- University of Insubria, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Via A. da Giussano 10, 21052, Busto Arsizio, Varese, Italy
| | - Fabio Marchetti
- School of Science and Technology, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Claudio Pettinari
- School of Pharmacy, Università di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Alessio Caruso
- Vassar College, Department of Chemistry, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
| | - Modukuri V Ramani
- Natsol Laboratories Private Limited, Commercial Hub, J.N. Pharma City, Visakhapatnam 531019, India
| | - Gottumukkala V Subbaraju
- Natsol Laboratories Private Limited, Commercial Hub, J.N. Pharma City, Visakhapatnam 531019, India.
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Balaji NV, Ramani MV, Viana AG, Sanglard LP, White J, Mulabagal V, Lee C, Gana TJ, Egiebor NO, Subbaraju GV, Tiwari AK. Design, synthesis and in vitro cell-based evaluation of the anti-cancer activities of hispolon analogs. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:2148-2158. [PMID: 25842364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemicals play an important role in cancer therapy. Hispolon and 26 of its analogs (9 known and 17 new) were synthesized and evaluated for their antiproliferative activities in a panel of six independent human cancer cell lines using the in vitro cell-based MTT assay. Among the hispolon analogs tested, compound VA-2, the most potent overall, produced its most significant effect in the colon cancer cell lines HCT-116 (IC₅₀ 1.4 ± 1.3 μM) and S1 (IC₅₀ 1.8 ± 0.9 μM) compared to its activity in the normal HEK293/pcDNA3.1 cell line (IC₅₀ 15.8±3.7 μM; p<0.01 for each comparison). Based on our results, VA-2 was about 9- to 11-times more potent in colon cancer cells and 2- to 3-times more potent in prostate cancer cells compared to HEK293/pcDNA3.1 cells. Morphological analysis of VA-2 showed significant reduction of cell number, while the cells' sizes were also markedly increased and were obvious at 68 h of treatment with 1 μM in HCT-116 (colon) and PC-3 (prostate) cancer cells. A known analog, compound VA-4, prepared by simple modifications on the aromatic functional groups of hispolon, inhibited prostate and colon cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values <10 μM. In addition, hispolon isoxazole and pyrazole analogs, VA-7 and VA-15 (known), respectively, have shown significant activity with the mean ICv values in the range 3.3-10.7 μM in all the cancer cell lines tested. Activity varied among the analogs in which aromatic functional groups and β-diketone functional groups are modified. But the activity of analogs VA-16 to VA-27 was completely lost when the side chain double-bond was hydrogenated indicating the crucial role of this functionality for anticancer activity. Furthermore, many of the compounds synthesized were not substrates for the ABCB1-transporter, the most common cause of multidrug resistance in anti-cancer drugs, suggesting they may be more effective anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neduri V Balaji
- Natsol Laboratories Private Limited, II Floor, Research & Development Building, Ramky Commercial Hub, J. N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Modukuri V Ramani
- Natsol Laboratories Private Limited, II Floor, Research & Development Building, Ramky Commercial Hub, J. N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Arabela G Viana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, CVMNAH, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Leticia P Sanglard
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, CVMNAH, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Jason White
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, CVMNAH, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Vanisree Mulabagal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | - Crystal Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, CVMNAH, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA
| | | | - Nosa O Egiebor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mississippi, MS, USA
| | - Gottumukkala V Subbaraju
- Natsol Laboratories Private Limited, II Floor, Research & Development Building, Ramky Commercial Hub, J. N. Pharmacity, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, CVMNAH, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, OH, USA
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14
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Yang LY, Shen SC, Cheng KT, Subbaraju GV, Chien CC, Chen YC. Hispolon inhibition of inflammatory apoptosis through reduction of iNOS/NO production via HO-1 induction in macrophages. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 156:61-72. [PMID: 25128739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phellinus linteus (Berkeley & Curtis), a well-known medical fungus, has long been used as a traditional medicine in Oriental countries to treat various diseases, and hispolon (HIS) is one of its bioactive components. HIS is known to possess potent antineoplastic and antiviral properties; however, its effect on inflammatory apoptosis is still undefined. MATERIALS AND METHODS RAW264.7 macrophages were incubated with HIS for 30 min followed by LPS, LTA, or PGN stimulation for 12h. The expression of indicated proteins AP-1 and NF-κB transcriptional activities was examined by Western blotting using specific antibodies. Levels of NO and ROS were examined by Griess reaction, and DCHF-DA staining via flow cytometric analysis, respectively. AP-1 and NF-κB transcriptional activities were detected by luciferase reporter assay. Knockdown of HO-1 protein expression was performed by transfection of macrophages with HO-1 siRNA. Pharmacological inhibitors including ROS scavenger NAC, JNK inhibitor SP600125, NF-κB inhibitor BAY117082 were applied for mechanism study. RESULTS HIS showed concentration-dependent inhibition of LPS, LTA, and PGN-induced iNOS protein expressions and NO production by RAW264.7 macrophages. Accordingly, HIS protected RAW264.7 cells from LPS-, LTA-, and PGN-induced apoptosis. Increased HO-1 by HIS was detected at both protein and mRNA levels along with an increase in intracellular peroxide, and this was inhibited by the translational inhibitor, cycloheximide (CHX), the transcriptional inhibitor, actinomycin D (Act D), and the reactive oxygen species scavenger, N-acetylcysteine (NAC). A mechanistic study indicated that inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) protein phosphorylation, and activator protein (AP)-1 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation were involved in the anti-inflammatory actions of HIS in macrophages. A structure-activity relationship analysis showed that HIS expressed the most potent effect of inhibiting iNOS and apoptosis elicited by LPS, LTA, and PGN with a significant increase in HO-1 protein in macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Evidence supporting HIS prevention of inflammatory apoptosis via blocking NO production and inducing HO-1 protein expression in macrophages is provided, and the hydroxyl at position C3 is a critical substitution for the anti-inflammatory actions of HIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Yo Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Chuan Shen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kur-Ta Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Chih-Chiang Chien
- Division of Nephrology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Food Nutrition, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chou Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center and Orthopedics Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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15
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Venkateswarlu S, Panchagnula GK, Subbaraju GV. Synthesis and Antioxidative Activity of 3′,4′,6,7-Tetrahydroxyaurone, a Metabolite ofBidens frondosa. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 68:2183-5. [PMID: 15502366 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.68.2183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
3',4',6,7-Tetrahydroxyaurone (1a), an aurone isolated from Bidens frondosa, and five analogues (1b-1f) were synthesized from pyrogallol in three steps. The antioxidative activity of 1a-1f was determined by the superoxide free radical and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging methods.
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16
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Abstract
Microfolicoumarin (1), a prenylcoumarin from Cedrelopsis microfoliata, was synthesized from 2,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde in five steps. 1 did not show significant antioxidative activity, but the key intermediates, esculetin (3) and 5-prenylesculetin (6), exhibited strong antioxidative activity in both the superoxide-radical and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging models.
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Harikrishna
- a Aptuit Laurus Private Limited , ICICI Knowledge Park , Hyderabad , India
| | - H. Rama Mohan
- a Aptuit Laurus Private Limited , ICICI Knowledge Park , Hyderabad , India
| | - P. K. Dubey
- b Department of Chemistry , College of Engineering, J N T University , Hyderabad , India
| | - M. Shankar
- a Aptuit Laurus Private Limited , ICICI Knowledge Park , Hyderabad , India
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18
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R. Chepyala N, R. Durgi R, K. Tatini L, V. Subbaraju G, M. Hindupur R, R. Dhanvada M. Quinolone Dimers as Potential Antibacterial Agents. LETT ORG CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.2174/157017811799304322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Brown Ripin DH, Teager DS, Fortunak J, Basha SM, Bivins N, Boddy CN, Byrn S, Catlin KK, Houghton SR, Jagadeesh ST, Kumar KA, Melton J, Muneer S, Rao LN, Rao RV, Ray PC, Reddy NG, Reddy RM, Shekar KC, Silverton T, Smith DT, Stringham RW, Subbaraju GV, Talley F, Williams A. Process Improvements for the Manufacture of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate at Commercial Scale. Org Process Res Dev 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/op1001337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David H. Brown Ripin
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - David S. Teager
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Joseph Fortunak
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Shaik Mahaboob Basha
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Nylea Bivins
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Christopher N. Boddy
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Stephen Byrn
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Kelly K. Catlin
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Stephen R. Houghton
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - S. Tirumala Jagadeesh
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - K. Anesh Kumar
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Jack Melton
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Shaik Muneer
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - L. Nagaprasada Rao
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - R. Venkateswara Rao
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Puma Chandra Ray
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Nardla Gopal Reddy
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Ravi Mallikarjuna Reddy
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - K. Chandra Shekar
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Tricia Silverton
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Daniel T. Smith
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Rodger W. Stringham
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Gottumukkala V. Subbaraju
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Frajovon Talley
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
| | - Adrian Williams
- Clinton Health Access Initiative, 383 Dorchester Avenue, Suite 400, Boston, Massachusetts 02127, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, Howard University, 525 College Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20059, U.S.A., Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario ON K1N 6N5, Canada, Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2091, U.S.A., ProcesScience, Inc., 117 Woodberry Lane, Fayetteville, New York 13066, U.S.A., Inogent
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Ravindran J, Subbaraju GV, Ramani MV, Sung B, Aggarwal BB. Bisdemethylcurcumin and structurally related hispolon analogues of curcumin exhibit enhanced prooxidant, anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 79:1658-66. [PMID: 20138025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2009] [Revised: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) contains two hydroxyl, two methoxy and two phenyl groups but how these groups contribute to its activity is poorly understood. We synthesized analogues that varied in inclusion of these groups and compared their activity. We found that bisdemethylcurcumin (BDC) was more potent than curcumin as an anti-inflammatory agent as indicated by suppression of TNF-induced NF-kappaB activation, more potent as an anti-proliferative agent, and more potent in inducing ROS. Hispolon, which lacks one aromatic unit in relation to curcumin, also exhibited enhanced anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities. When synthetic curcumin (Cur-S) was compared with bisdemethylcurcumin (BDC), hispolon, hispolon methyl ether (HME), dehydroxy hispolon (DH), hydroxy hispolon (HH), methoxy hispolon methyl ether (MHME), and methoxy hispolon (MH), we found that following order of anti-inflammatory activity: BDC=Hispolon>HME>HH>Cur-S>MHME>MH>DH; for anti-proliferative: Hispolon>BDC>MHME>Cur-S>MH>HME=HH>DH; and for prooxidant: BDC>Cur-S=MHME>HH>MH+HME>DH (254-1414 mean fluorescence intensity). Thus, dehydroxy hispolon was least potent for all three activities. Overall the results indicate that the substitution of a hydroxyl group for a methoxy group at the meta positions of the phenyl rings in curcumin significantly enhanced the anti-inflammatory activity, and the removal of phenyl ring at the 7(th) position of the heptadiene back bone and addition of hydroxyl group significantly increased the anti-proliferative activity of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaraj Ravindran
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, USA
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Harikrishna M, Mohan HR, Dubey PK, Subbaraju GV. Synthesis of 2-Normisoprostol, Methyl 6-(3-Hydroxy-2-((E)-4-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-enyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl)hexanoate. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910802664228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rekha VV, Ramani MV, Ratnamala A, Rupakalpana V, Subbaraju GV, Satyanarayana C, Rao CS. A Simple, Efficient, Green, Cost Effective and Chemoselective Process for the Esterification of Carboxylic Acids. Org Process Res Dev 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/op900096y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vamsi V. Rekha
- Aptuit Laurus Private Limited, ICICI Knowledge Park, Turkapally, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India
| | - Modukuri V. Ramani
- Aptuit Laurus Private Limited, ICICI Knowledge Park, Turkapally, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India
| | - A. Ratnamala
- Aptuit Laurus Private Limited, ICICI Knowledge Park, Turkapally, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India
| | - Vempati Rupakalpana
- Aptuit Laurus Private Limited, ICICI Knowledge Park, Turkapally, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India
| | - Gottumukkala V. Subbaraju
- Aptuit Laurus Private Limited, ICICI Knowledge Park, Turkapally, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India
| | - Chava Satyanarayana
- Aptuit Laurus Private Limited, ICICI Knowledge Park, Turkapally, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India
| | - C. Someswara Rao
- Aptuit Laurus Private Limited, ICICI Knowledge Park, Turkapally, Shameerpet, Hyderabad-500078, India
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Mulabagal V, Subbaraju GV, Rao CV, Sivaramakrishna C, DeWitt DL, Holmes D, Sung B, Aggarwal BB, Tsay HS, Nair MG. Withanolide sulfoxide from Aswagandha roots inhibits nuclear transcription factor-kappa-B, cyclooxygenase and tumor cell proliferation. Phytother Res 2009; 23:987-92. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mulabagala V, Subbaraju GV, Ramani MV, DeWitt DL, Nair MG. Lipid Peroxidation, Cyclooxygenase Enzyme and Tumor Cell Proliferation Inhibitory Lignans from Justicia Species. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800301109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Justicia is a rich source of lignans, especially aryl naphthalide lignans. Lignans are biologically active phytochemicals, and are reported to possess antiplatelet, antiviral, anti-tumor, antidepressant, and insect antifeedant activities. In the present study, we report lipid peroxidation (LPO), cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and −2) enzyme and tumor cell proliferation inhibitory activities of lignans, namely, lariciresinol (1), isolariciresinol (2), neesiinoside A (3), justirumalin (4), justalakonin (5), justicidin G (6), sesamin (7), sesamolin (8), jusmicranthin methyl ether (9), taiwanin E methyl ether (10), lignan J1 (11), jusneesiinol (12), jusmicranthin ethyl ether (13), tiruneesiin (14), justicidin E (15) and simplexolin (16). Lignans 1 and 2 were isolated from J. tranquebariensis, 3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 from J. neesii Ramamoorthy, 5 from J. purpurea and 7, 8, 15 and 16 from J. orbiculata. Among the lignans assayed, 1, 2, 12 and 14 showed 79.6, 86.2, 90.8 and 95.9% and 3 41.3% inhibition of LPO at 25 μg/mL. The lignans 4, 9 and 16 inhibited COX-2 enzyme by 67.2, 73.0 and 72.8%, respectively, when tested at 25 μg/mL. Similarly, lignans 3, 4, 10, 11 and 15 inhibited COX-1 enzyme by 59.9, 89.2, 69.6, 73.9, and 80.1%, respectively, at 25 μg/mL. When assayed at 25 μg/mL, 4 inhibited human stomach and breast cancer cell lines by 42.8 and 42.1%, respectively. Also, at 25 μg/mL the lignan 7 inhibited the growth of CNS, lung and breast cancer cell lines by 50.0, 41.3, and 42.0 %, respectively, and 15 inhibited the proliferation of lung, breast and colon cell lines by 40–53%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanisree Mulabagala
- Bioactive Natural Products and Phytoceuticals, Department of Horticulture and National Food Safety and Toxicology Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | - David L. DeWitt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Muraleedharan G. Nair
- Bioactive Natural Products and Phytoceuticals, Department of Horticulture and National Food Safety and Toxicology Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
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Venkateswarlu S, Panchagnula GK, Gottumukkala AL, Subbaraju GV. Synthesis, structural revision, and biological activities of 4′-chloroaurone, a metabolite of marine brown alga Spatoglossum variabile. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Siddaiah V, Maheswara M, Venkata Rao C, Venkateswarlu S, Subbaraju GV. Synthesis, structural revision, and antioxidant activities of antimutagenic homoisoflavonoids from Hoffmanosseggia intricata. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 17:1288-90. [PMID: 17196384 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2006] [Revised: 11/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/04/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Intricatinol and intricatin, the two homoisoflavonoids isolated from Hoffmanosseggia intricata, and two analogs have been synthesized from pyrogallol in three steps. The spectral data of synthetic intricatinol are in good agreement with those of natural metabolite, but the spectral data of intricatin are not corroborative with those of the natural product. The structure of intricatin has been thus revised to 8-methoxybonducellin, a compound isolated from Caesalpinia pulcherrima. The antioxidant activity of all the four homoisoflavonoids was determined by superoxide (NBT) and DPPH free radical scavenging methods. The synthetic analog 7,8-dihydroxy-3-[(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)methylene]chroman-4-one displayed excellent activity in both methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidavalur Siddaiah
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517 502, India
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Subbaraju GV, Vanisree M, Rao CV, Sivaramakrishna C, Sridhar P, Jayaprakasam B, Nair MG. Ashwagandhanolide, a bioactive dimeric thiowithanolide isolated from the roots of Withania somnifera. J Nat Prod 2006; 69:1790-2. [PMID: 17190461 DOI: 10.1021/np060147p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A new dimeric withanolide, ashwagandhanolide (1), was isolated from the roots of an Ayurvedic medicinal herb, Withania somnifera. A detailed spectroscopic evaluation revealed its identity as a dimer with an unusual thioether linkage. Compound 1 displayed growth inhibition against human gastric (AGS), breast (MCF-7), central nervous system (SF-268), colon (HCT-116), and lung (NCI H460) cancer cell lines, with IC50 values in the range 0.43-1.48 microg/mL. In addition, it inhibited lipid peroxidation and the activity of the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 in vitro.
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Abstract
Synthesis of novel caffeic acid esters (1 and 2) was accomplished starting from appropriately substituted benzaldehydes (3 and 9). While compound 2 exhibited potent anti-oxidative activity in both the nitroblue tetrazolium and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging models, compound 1 showed moderate 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ramachandra
- Laila Impex Research Centre, Unit 1, Phase III, Jawahar Autonagar, Vijayawada, 520 007, India
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Ramachandra MS, Subbaraju GV. Short Synthesis of 3‐Prenylcoumarins by an Unusual Prenylation. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/10916460600946154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Venkateswarlu S, Panchagnula GK, Guraiah MB, Subbaraju GV. Isoaurones: synthesis and stereochemical assignments of geometrical isomers. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Raju VSR, Kannababu S, Subbaraju GV. Standardisation of Gymnema sylvestre R.Br. by high-performance thin-layer chromatography: an improved method. Phytochem Anal 2006; 17:192-6. [PMID: 16749427 DOI: 10.1002/pca.905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
An improved high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for the standardisation of Gymnema sylvestre is reported. The method involves the initial hydrolysis of gymnemic acids, the active ingredients, to a common aglycone followed by the quantitative estimation of gymnemagenin. The present method rectifies an error found in an HPTLC method reported recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valivarthi S R Raju
- Laila Impex Research Centre, Unit I, Phase III, Jawahar Autonagar, Vijayawada -520 007, India
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Roy S, Khanna S, Krishnaraju AV, Subbaraju GV, Yasmin T, Bagchi D, Sen CK. Regulation of vascular responses to inflammation: inducible matrix metalloproteinase-3 expression in human microvascular endothelial cells is sensitive to antiinflammatory Boswellia. Antioxid Redox Signal 2006; 8:653-60. [PMID: 16677108 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2006.8.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells are critical elements in the pathophysiology of inflammation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha potently induces inflammatory responses in endothelial cells. Recently we have examined the genetic basis of the antiinflammatory effects of Boswellia extract (BE) in a system of TNFalpha-induced gene expression in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs). Of the 522 genes induced by TNFalpha in HMECs, 113 genes were sensitive to BE. BE prevented the TNFalpha-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In the current work, we sought to test the effects of BE on TNFalpha-inducible MMP expression in HMECs. Acetyl-11-ketobeta- boswellic acid (AKBA) is known to be an active principle in BE. To evaluate the significance of AKBA in the antiinflammatory properties of BE, effects of BE containing either 3% (BE3%) or 30% (BE30%, 5- Loxin) were compared. Pretreatment of HMECs for 2 days with BE potently prevented TNFalpha-induced expression and activity of MMP-3, MMP-10, and MMP-12. In vivo, BE protected against experimental arthritis. In all experiments, both in vitro and in vivo, BE30% was more effective than BE3%. In sum, this work lends support to our previous report that BE has potent antiinflammatory properties both in vitro as well as in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashwati Roy
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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Siddaiah V, Rao CV, Venkateswarlu S, Krishnaraju AV, Subbaraju GV. Synthesis, stereochemical assignments, and biological activities of homoisoflavonoids. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 14:2545-51. [PMID: 16337386 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2005] [Revised: 11/15/2005] [Accepted: 11/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of four naturally occurring homoisoflavonoids and eight analogs have been synthesized starting from an appropriately substituted phenol through chroman-4-one, in four steps. The products were assigned as E-isomers based on NMR spectroscopic data. The E-isomers were converted into Z-isomers by photoisomerization. The E- and Z-isomers showed distinct chemical shifts and the differences between (E) and (Z)-homoisoflavonoids in the proton NMR spectra afford a useful method for ascertaining the stereochemistry. The antioxidant activity of homoisoflavonoids was determined by superoxide (NBT) and DPPH free radical scavenging methods. The analog 7-hydroxy-3-[(3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl)methylene]chroman-4-one displayed excellent activity followed by sappanone A in both the methods and were several times potent than the commercial antioxidants like BHA, BHT, etc. These compounds were evaluated in vitro for their inhibitory activities against 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) enzyme. The analog 7-hydroxy-3-[(N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)methylene]chroman-4-one was found to possess potent inhibitory activity and was comparable to that of the standard, nordihydroguiaretic acid. These results suggest that these homoisoflavonoids, with their potent antioxidant and 5-LOX inhibitory activities, may have useful applications as antioxidants and lead compounds for asthma and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidavalur Siddaiah
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkatateswara University, Tirupati 517 502, India
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Sivaramakrishna C, Rao CV, Trimurtulu G, Vanisree M, Subbaraju GV. Triterpenoid glycosides from Bacopa monnieri. Phytochemistry 2005; 66:2719-28. [PMID: 16293276 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2005] [Revised: 09/20/2005] [Accepted: 09/21/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Two triterpenoid glycosides have been isolated along with 10 known saponins from Bacopa monnieri. Structures of the compounds have been elucidated as 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl] jujubogenin (1) and 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl] pseudojujubogenin (2) by high resolution NMR spectral data and chemical correlations. Further, the chemical compositions of bacosides A and B have been delineated.
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Venkateswarlu S, Ramachandra MS, Subbaraju GV. Synthesis and biological evaluation of polyhydroxycurcuminoids. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:6374-80. [PMID: 16112582 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2005] [Revised: 06/23/2005] [Accepted: 06/24/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of curcumin analogs (1-3, 5a-5t) was synthesized through the condensation of appropriately protected hydroxybenzaldehydes with acetylacetone, followed by deprotection. The antioxidant activity of these analogs was determined by superoxide free radical nitroblue tetrazolium and DPPH free radical scavenging methods and the polyhydroxycurcuminoids (5l-5s) displayed excellent antioxidant activity. These analogs showed cytotoxicity to lymphocytes and promising tumor-reducing activity on Dalton's lymphoma ascites tumor cells.
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Downs BW, Bagchi M, Subbaraju GV, Shara MA, Preuss HG, Bagchi D. Bioefficacy of a novel calcium-potassium salt of (-)-hydroxycitric acid. Mutat Res 2005; 579:149-62. [PMID: 16055158 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2005.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2004] [Revised: 02/16/2005] [Accepted: 02/16/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes and certain forms of cancer. Popular strategies on weight loss often fail to address many key factors such as fat mass, muscle density, bone density, water mass, their inter-relationships and impact on energy production, body composition, and overall health and well-being. (-)-Hydroxycitric acid (HCA), a natural plant extract from the dried fruit rind of Garcinia cambogia, has been reported to promote body fat loss in humans without stimulating the central nervous system. The level of effectiveness of G. cambogia extract is typically attributed solely to HCA. However, other components by their presence or absence may significantly contribute to its therapeutic effectiveness. Typically, HCA used in dietary weight loss supplement is bound to calcium, which results in a poorly soluble (<50%) and less bioavailable form. Conversely, the structural characteristics of a novel Ca2+/K+ bound (-)-HCA salt (HCA-SX or Super CitriMax) make it completely water soluble as well as bioavailable. An efficacious dosage of HCA-SX (4500 mg/day t.i.d.) provides a good source of Ca2+ (495 mg, 49.5% of RDI) and K+ (720 mg, 15% of RDI). Ca2+ ions are involved in weight management by increasing lipid metabolism, enhancing thermogenesis, and increasing bone density. K+, on the other hand, increases energy, reduces hypertension, increases muscle strength and regulates arrhythmias. Both Ca and K act as buffers in pH homeostasis. HCA-SX has been shown to increase serotonin availability, reduce appetite, increase fat oxidation, improve blood lipid levels, reduce body weight, and modulate a number of obesity regulatory genes without affecting the mitochondrial and nuclear proteins required for normal biochemical and physiological functions.
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Koppisetti G, Siriki A, Sukala K, Subbaraju GV. Estimation of l-5-hydroxytryptophan in rat serum and Griffonia seed extracts by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sridhar C, Rao KV, Subbaraju GV. Flavonoids, triterpenoids and a lignan from Vitex altissima. Phytochemistry 2005; 66:1707-12. [PMID: 15963541 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2004] [Revised: 04/30/2005] [Accepted: 05/04/2005] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A new tetrahydrofuranoid lignan, altissinone (1) and a new acylated flavone C-glucoside, 2''-O-p-hydroxybenzoylorientin (2), were isolated in addition to several known triterpene acids and flavonoids from the ethyl acetate extractives of the leaves of Vitex altissima. The structures of the compounds were established based on interpretation of high resolution NMR (HMQC, HMBC and NOESY) spectral data. The ethyl acetate extract exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in rat paw edema model. The flavonoids and triterpene acids showed moderate antioxidant and 5-lipoxygenase enzyme inhibitory activities, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchugari Sridhar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tiruchanoor, Tirupati 517 503, India
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41
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Roy S, Khanna S, Shah H, Rink C, Phillips C, Preuss H, Subbaraju GV, Trimurtulu G, Krishnaraju AV, Bagchi M, Bagchi D, Sen CK. Human genome screen to identify the genetic basis of the anti-inflammatory effects of Boswellia in microvascular endothelial cells. DNA Cell Biol 2005; 24:244-55. [PMID: 15812241 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2005.24.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory disorders represent a substantial health problem. Medicinal plants belonging to the Burseraceae family, including Boswellia, are especially known for their anti-inflammatory properties. The gum resin of Boswellia serrata contains boswellic acids, which inhibit leukotriene biosynthesis. A series of chronic inflammatory diseases are perpetuated by leukotrienes. Although Boswellia extract has proven to be anti-inflammatory in clinical trials, the underlying mechanisms remain to be characterized. TNF alpha represents one of the most widely recognized mediators of inflammation. One mechanism by which TNFalpha causes inflammation is by potently inducing the expression of adhesion molecules such as VCAM-1. We sought to test the genetic basis of the antiinflammatory effects of BE (standardized Boswellia extract, 5-Loxin) in a system of TNF alpha-induced gene expression in human microvascular endothelial cells. We conducted the first whole genome screen for TNF alpha- inducible genes in human microvascular cells (HMEC). Acutely, TNF alpha induced 522 genes and downregulated 141 genes in nine out of nine pairwise comparisons. Of the 522 genes induced by TNF alpha in HMEC, 113 genes were clearly sensitive to BE treatment. Such genes directly related to inflammation, cell adhesion, and proteolysis. The robust BE-sensitive candidate genes were then subjected to further processing for the identification of BE-sensitive signaling pathways. The use of resources such as GenMAPP, KEGG, and gene ontology led to the recognition of the primary BE-sensitive TNF alpha-inducible pathways. BE prevented the TNF alpha-induced expression of matrix metalloproteinases. BE also prevented the inducible expression of mediators of apoptosis. Most strikingly, however, TNF alpha-inducible expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were observed to be sensitive to BE. Realtime PCR studies showed that while TNF alpha potently induced VCAM-1 gene expression, BE completely prevented it. This result confirmed our microarray findings and built a compelling case for the anti-inflammatory property of BE. In an in vivo model of carrageenan-induced rat paw inflammation, we observed a significant antiinflammatory property of BE consistent with our in vitro findings. These findings warrant further research aimed at identifying the signaling mechanisms by which BE exerts its anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sashwati Roy
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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43
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Abstract
Six new iridoid glucosides, 6'-O-trans-feruloylnegundoside (1), 6'-O-trans-caffeoylnegundoside (2), 2'-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl-6'-O-trans-caffeoylgardoside (3), 2'-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl-6'-O-trans-caffeoyl-8-epiloganic acid (4), 2'-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl gardoside (5), and 2'-O-p-hydroxybenzoyl-8-epiloganic acid (6), along with two known iridoids, agnuside and negundoside, have been isolated from the ethyl acetate extractive of the leaves of Vitex altissima. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectral data interpretation. These isolates did not exhibit significant 5-lipoxygenase enzyme inhibitory activity, but compounds 2-4 showed potent antioxidant activity by both the superoxide (NBT riboflavin photoreduction) free-radical-scavenging and DPPH-radical-scavenging methods. Compounds 1, 2, and negundoside were evaluated in a rat paw edema assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenchugari Sridhar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri Padmavathi School of Pharmacy, Tirupati-517 507, India
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44
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Venkateswarlu S, Satyanarayana B, Sureshbabu CV, Subbaraju GV. Synthesis and antioxidant activity of 4-[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,2-benzenediol, a metabolite of Sphaerophysa salsula. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2004; 67:2463-6. [PMID: 14646210 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.67.2463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
4-[2-(3,5-Dimethoxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,2-benzenediol (7), a stilbene isolated from Sphaerophysa salsula, was synthesized from 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (1) in five steps in an overall yield of 33%. The spectral data for synthetic 7 are in good agreement with those of the natural product. Hydroxystilbene 7 showed potent antioxidative activity.
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Subbaraju GV, Kavitha J, Rajasekhar D, Jimenez JI. Jusbetonin, the first indolo[3,2-b]quinoline alkaloid glycoside, from Justicia betonica. J Nat Prod 2004; 67:461-462. [PMID: 15043432 DOI: 10.1021/np030392y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A new indolo[3,2-b]quinoline alkaloid glycoside, jusbetonin (1), and three known alkaloids, namely, 10H-quindoline (2), 6H-quinindoline (3), and 5H,6H-quinindolin-11-one (4), have been isolated from the leaves of Justicia betonica. The structure of 1 was established on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR ((1)H-(1)H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) and HRFABMS data. Compound 1 is the first example of a glycosylated indolo[3,2-b]quinoline alkaloid, while compound 4 was isolated for the first time from a natural source.
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Abstract
An unusual secolignan glycoside, juspurpurin (1), and a new arylnaphthalene glycoside, justalakonin (2), together with eight known lignans were isolated from the whole plants of Justicia purpurea. Compound 1 is the first glycoside of a rare group of secolignans. The structures of the new compounds 1 and 2 were established using 1D and 2D NMR ((1)H-(1)H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC) spectral data and by chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakka Kavitha
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati-517 502, India
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47
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Al-Awar RS, Ray JE, Schultz RM, Andis SL, Kennedy JH, Moore RE, Liang J, Golakoti T, Subbaraju GV, Corbett TH. A convergent approach to cryptophycin 52 analogues: synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of fragment a epoxides and chlorohydrins. J Med Chem 2003; 46:2985-3007. [PMID: 12825938 DOI: 10.1021/jm0203884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cryptophycin 52 is a synthetic derivative of Cryptophycin 1, a potent antimicrotubule agent isolated from cyanobacteria. In an effort to increase the potency and water solubility of the molecule, a structure-activity relationship study (SAR) was initiated around the phenyl ring of fragment A. These Cryptophycin 52 analogues were accessed using a Wittig olefination reaction between various triphenylphosphonium salts and a key intermediate aldehyde prepared from Cryptophycin 53. Substitution on the phenyl ring of fragment A was well tolerated, and several of these analogues were equally or more potent than Cryptophycin 52 when evaluated in vitro in the CCRF-CEM leukemia cell line and in vivo against a murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima S Al-Awar
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA.
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Abstract
Isoamoenylin (6), a dihydrostilbene from Dendrobium amoenum, was synthesised from 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (1) in four steps with an overall yield of 60%. The spectral data for synthetic 6 are in good agreement with those of the natural product. Isoamoenylin showed moderate antioxidative and weak antibacterial activities.
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49
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Vanisree M, Subbaraju GV, Rao CB. Chemical constituents of Pseudopterogorgia species of the Indian ocean. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2001; 3:23-29. [PMID: 11355767 DOI: 10.1080/10286020108042835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A new ceramide, (2S,3R,4E)-1,3-dihydroxy-2-[(hexadecanoyl)amino]-nonadeca-4-ene (1), cholest-5-en-3beta,7beta,19-triol (2), identified as its, peracetyl derivative (3), and batyl alcohol (4) were isolated from Pseudopterogorgia species. 1 exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vanisree
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, India
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50
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Abstract
The isolation of jusmicranthin (1), a novel lignan from Justicia neesii, is reported. Compound 1 represents a new class of angularly fused arylnaphthalides having a gamma-hydroxylactone unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Rajasekhar
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517 502, India
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