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Lasalvia A, Cairone F, Cesa S, Maccelli A, Crestoni ME, Menghini L, Carradori S, Marinacci B, Gallorini M, Elsallabi O, Pesce M, Patruno A. Characterization and Valorization of 'Sulmona Red Garlic' Peels and Small Bulbs. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2088. [PMID: 36358459 PMCID: PMC9686930 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
'Sulmona red garlic' is an Italian variety characterized by a red tunica surrounding a white bulb. Red tunicae and non-commercial small bulbs are food wastes that must be studied for their added value. Hydroalcoholic extracts, obtained by separated inner and outer tunicae and peeled bulbs of small commercial 'Sulmona red garlic' bulbs, harvested at two different years, were first characterized with respect to their color, polyphenolic content, and antiradical activity. Then, an untargeted metabolic profile by means of electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (ESI FT-ICR) mass spectrometry led to a comparative evaluation of the chemical diversity of six different samples. The study was completed by biological tests aiming to evaluate the associated health potential. Data on monocytes/macrophages showed good biocompatibility and a promising cytoprotective effect under oxidative stress conditions of all the extracts. At a molecular level, all the garlic extracts were able to downregulate the hydrogen peroxide-induced cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression through the modulation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB) and peroxynitrite intracellular amounts, at different extents depending on the extract, the cell type, and the concentration. On the whole, data highlight an associated health potential of the extracts of this waste plant material both in terms of cytoprotection and of anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Lasalvia
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Cairone
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Cesa
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Maccelli
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Elisa Crestoni
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Menghini
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Beatrice Marinacci
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marialucia Gallorini
- Department of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Osama Elsallabi
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrizion, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Malek Mahdavi A, Javadivala Z. Systematic review of preclinical studies about effects of Coriandrum sativum L. on inflammatory mediators. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1131-1141. [PMID: 35554788 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01000-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study is designed to systematically review the accessible researches regarding influence of Coriandrum sativum L. on inflammatory mediators including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Databases Scopus, PubMed, WOS, ProQuest, and a Google Scholar were searched until February 2022 and search alerts were turned on to find papers published following the primary search. There was not any restriction in language and/or date. No human study was gained; thus, animal and in vitro researches were considered. The references of related papers were reviewed to access plausible researches. Twenty-four papers were entered in review. Inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α considerably had a descending direction following C. sativum consumption. In other words, the pooled direction of influences was consistently lower for inflammatory mediators in 7 of 9 in vitro and 10 of 16 animal investigations. These results demonstrated the potential of C. sativum in reducing IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. C. sativum is hopeful but not yet a confirmed natural ingredient to reduce systemic inflammation in subjects with inflammation-prone disorders. Additional investigations are required to concentrate on assessing the impact of C. sativum on inflammatory factors that are not exceedingly fluctuating and the clinical consequences of inflammation-linked diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Malek Mahdavi
- Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Rahat Breath and Sleep Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Javadivala
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Tiboni GM, Ponzano A, Ferrone A, Franceschelli S, Speranza L, Patruno A. Valproic acid alters nitric oxide status in neurulating mouse embryos. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 99:152-159. [PMID: 33157224 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The molecular bases of the teratogenic effects elicited by valproic acid (VPA) are not fully defined. It was previously shown that inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis is associated with an enhancement of the teratogenic effects of VPA, while amplification of NO signal by sildenafil prompted a dose-dependent reduction of VPA-induced neural tube defects. In this study, for the first time, the effect of VPA on the NO synthesis was evaluated in mouse embryos during early organogenesis. On gestation day 8, ICR-CD1 mice received 600 mg/kg of VPA. Eight and 24 h later embryos were collected and analyzed for NO synthase (NOS) isoform expression, and for molecular mechanisms involved in their modulation. As main finding, in utero embryonic exposure to VPA determined a time-dependent shift of NOS isoforms expression, with a down regulated expression and activity of constitutive NOS (cNOS) and an increased expression and activity of inducible NOS (iNOS). The teratological relevance of this information remains to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Mario Tiboni
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti Pescara, Italy
| | - Adalisa Ponzano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASL 02 Lanciano-Vasto, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessio Ferrone
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti Pescara, Italy
| | - Sara Franceschelli
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti Pescara, Italy
| | - Lorenza Speranza
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti Pescara, Italy
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti Pescara, Italy.
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Inhibition of glutathione and s-allyl glutathione on pancreatic lipase: Analysis through in vitro kinetics, fluorescence spectroscopy and in silico docking. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 160:623-631. [PMID: 32473219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of pancreatic lipase (PL) is considered one of the important therapeutic interventions against obesity. In the present study, the inhibition of porcine (mammalian) PL (PPL) by two tripeptides glutathione (GSH) and s-allyl glutathione (SAG) was studied. In vitro kinetic analysis was done to determine the inhibition of GSH and SAG against PPL. The binding of GSH and SAG with PPL was elucidated by fluorescence spectroscopy analysis. Docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation analysis was carried out to understand the intermolecular interaction between both GSH and SAG with PPL as well as human PL (HPL). Both GSH and SAG inhibited PPL in mixed non-competitive manner. The IC50 value for GSH and SAG against PPL was found to be 2.97 and 6.4 mM, respectively. Both GSH and SAG quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of PPL through static quenching that is through forming complex with the PPL. SAG and GSH interacted with amino acids involved in catalysis of both PPL and HPL. MD simulation showed interactions of SAG and GSH with both PPL and HPL were stable. These results would lead to the further studies and application of GSH and SAG against obesity through inhibition of PL.
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Yuan R, Liu Z, Zhao J, Wang QQ, Zuo A, Huang L, Gao H, Xu Q, Khan IA, Yang S. Novel compounds in fruits of coriander (Coşkuner & Karababa) with anti-inflammatory activity. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Franceschelli S, Gatta DMP, Ferrone A, Mezza G, Speranza L, Pesce M, Grilli A, Gallorini M, Giacomo VD, Ghinassi B, Fiorito S, Genovese S, Ricciotti E, Felaco M, Patruno A. Anti-Migratory Effects of 4'-Geranyloxyferulic Acid on LPS-Stimulated U937 and HCT116 Cells via MMP-9 Down-Regulation: Involvement of ROS/ERK Signaling Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060470. [PMID: 32492880 PMCID: PMC7346147 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a crucial role in tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis. 4'-geranyloxyferulic acid (GOFA) has anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory proprieties. Herein, we aimed to determine whether this compound affects cell survival, invasion, and migration through reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated MMPs activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and p38 signaling in lymphocytic histiocytoma (U937) and colorectal cancer (HCT116) cells. We observed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated U937 and HCT116 cells presented abnormal cell proliferation and increased metalloproteinase (MMP-9) activity and expression. Non-cytotoxic doses of GOFA blunted matrix invasive potential by reducing LPS-induced MMP-9 expression and cell migration via inhibiting ROS/ ERK pathway. GOFA also attenuated apoptosis and cell senescence. Our findings indicate that GOFA, inhibiting cancer cell proliferation and migration, could be therapeutically beneficial to prevent tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Franceschelli
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
| | | | - Alessio Ferrone
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Giulia Mezza
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (V.d.G.); (S.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Lorenza Speranza
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Alfredo Grilli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy;
| | - Marialucia Gallorini
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (V.d.G.); (S.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Viviana di Giacomo
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (V.d.G.); (S.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Barbara Ghinassi
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Serena Fiorito
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (V.d.G.); (S.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (G.M.); (M.G.); (V.d.G.); (S.F.); (S.G.)
| | - Emanuela Ricciotti
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Mario Felaco
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University “G. D’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti-Pescara, Italy; (S.F.); (A.F.); (L.S.); (M.P.); (B.G.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0871-3554510
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Turkez H, Cacciatore I, Arslan ME, Fornasari E, Marinelli L, Di Stefano A, Mardinoglu A. Histidyl-Proline Diketopiperazine Isomers as Multipotent Anti-Alzheimer Drug Candidates. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050737. [PMID: 32397415 PMCID: PMC7277666 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic dipeptides administered by both parenteral and oral routes are suggested as promising candidates for the treatment of neurodegeneration-related pathologies. In this study, we tested Cyclo (His-Pro) isomers (cHP1-4) for their anti-Alzheimer potential using a differentiated human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) as an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) experimental model. The SH-SY5Y cell line was differentiated by the application of all-trans retinoic acid (RA) to obtain mature neuron-like cells. Amyloid-beta 1-42 (Aβ1-42) peptides, the main effector in AD, were administered to the differentiated cell cultures to constitute the in vitro disease model. Next, we performed cell viability analyses 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assays) to investigate the neuroprotective concentrations of cyclodipeptides using the in vitro AD model. We evaluated acetylcholinesterase (AChE), α- and β-secretase activities (TACE and BACE1), antioxidant potency, and apoptotic/necrotic properties and performed global gene expression analysis to understand the main mechanism behind the neuroprotective features of cHP1-4. Moreover, we conducted sister chromatid exchange (SCE), micronucleus (MN), and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) analyses to evaluate the genotoxic damage potential after applications with cHP1-4 on cultured human lymphocytes. Our results revealed that cHP1-4 isomers provide a different degree of neuroprotection against Aβ1-42-induced cell death on the in vitro AD model. The applications with cHP1-4 isomers altered the activity of AChE but not the activity of TACE and BACE1. Our analysis indicated that the cHP1-4 increased the total antioxidant capacity without altering total oxidative status levels in the cellular AD model and that cHP1-4 modulated the alterations of gene expressions by Aβ1-42 exposure. We also observed that cHP1-4 exhibited noncytotoxic and non-genotoxic features in cultured human whole blood cells. In conclusion, cHP1-4 isomers, especially cHP4, have been explored as novel promising therapeutics against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
- Correspondence: (H.T.); (A.M.)
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy; (I.C.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25050 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Erika Fornasari
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy; (I.C.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Lisa Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy; (I.C.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy; (I.C.); (E.F.); (L.M.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-17121 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Correspondence: (H.T.); (A.M.)
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Pagoni A, Marinelli L, Di Stefano A, Ciulla M, Turkez H, Mardinoglu A, Vassiliou S, Cacciatore I. Novel anti-Alzheimer phenol-lipoyl hybrids: Synthesis, physico-chemical characterization, and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 186:111880. [PMID: 31753513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To date, drugs that hit a single target are inadequate for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's diseases. The development of multitarget ligands, able to interact with the different pathways involved in the progession of these disorders, represents a great challenge for medicinal chemists. In this context, we report here the synthesis and biological evaluation of phenol-lipoyl hybrids (SV1-13), obtained via a linking strategy, to take advantage of the synergistic effect due to the antioxidant portions and anti-amyloid properties of the single constituents present in the hybrid molecule. Biological results showed that SV5 and SV10 possessed the best protective activity against Aβ1-42 induced neurotoxicity in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. SV9 and SV10 showed remarkable antioxidant properties due to their ability to counteract the damage caused by H2O2 in SHSY-5Y-treated cells. Hovewer, SV5, showing moderate antioxidant and good neuroprotective activities, resulted the best candidate for further experiments since it also resulted stable both simulated and plasma fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Pagoni
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Lisa Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Michele Ciulla
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-17121, Sweden; Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Stamatia Vassiliou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. D'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100, Chieti Scalo, CH, Italy.
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Maria Pia GD, Sara F, Mario F, Lorenza S. Biological Effects of Licochalcones. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:647-656. [PMID: 30049263 DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666180601095420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants and their natural bioactive molecules, are evaluated as the foundation for health preservation and care of humanity. The licorice root, known as "Radix Glycyrrhizae", is a perennial plant that comes from Mediterranean countries, central to southern Russia, Asia, Turkey, Iraq and Iran. The licorice root has been used in traditional Chinese medicines for centuries and has been defined as "the progenitor of herbs". The name 'Licorice' is derived from the ancient Greek word Glukurrhiza, meaning 'sweet root'. It consists of approximately 30 species, however, the most common ones consist of Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch and Glycyrrhiza Inflata. In addition, the licorice root contains chalcones, which are a part of an important class of natural products and are precursors of flavonoids. Chemically, chalcones are composed of two aromatic rings associated with α, β-unsaturated α-carbon ketone, representing the prima nucleus of the structure. They have been classified, according to chemical structures, in Licochalcone A, B, C, D, E, F and G. This review aims to highlight all the in vitro and in vivo studies that have been conducted on the licochalcones, extracted from Glycyrrhiza species. The main effects are as follows: anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiallergic, antidiabetic, hepatotoxic and osteogenic. It is important to implement the introduction of biologically active natural molecules from the bench (research) to the bedside (clinical practice). However, in the future, it is required to conduct additional studies to validate these biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gatta Daniela Maria Pia
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Franceschelli Sara
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Felaco Mario
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
| | - Speranza Lorenza
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University "G. D'Annunzio", Chieti 66100, Italy
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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Selenyl and Sulfur-l-Dopa Derivatives as Potential Anti-Parkinson's Disease Agents. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9060239. [PMID: 31216771 PMCID: PMC6628379 DOI: 10.3390/biom9060239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons at level of substantia nigra pars compacta. To date, there is no cure for this pathology, except for some drugs able to alleviate the symptoms of PD. In this paper we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of novel sulfur- and selenyl-l-Dopa (LD) derivatives (SP1-6) obtained through the amide junction between the amino group of LD and carboxylic moiety of sulfur- and selenyl-organic compounds, which are commercially available. Biological activity was evaluated on human undifferentiated and retinoic acid/phorbol myristyl acetate (RA/PMA)-differentiated SY-SH5Y neuroblastoma cell line using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Antioxidant activity against oxidative stress was measured using nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) assays. Finally, physico-chemical characterization and plasma stability studies of SP1-6 were also performed. Biological data revealed that SP6 has a significant protective action against the neurotoxic action of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) and H2O2 in a RA/PMA-differentiated SY-SH5Y neuroblastoma cell line that proved to be an effective antioxidant and protective compound. SP6, endowed with a lipophilic nature, low molecular weight, and plasma stability, can easily cross biological membranes via passive diffusion such as through the blood-brain barrier. SP6 has great potential for developing novel pharmacological approach for neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD. Further studies will help define its exact antioxidant mechanism and determine whether the neuroprotective action is mediated or modulated by glutathione peroxidase (GPx).
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Krishnan V, Loganathan C, Thayumanavan P. Green synthesized selenium nanoparticles using Spermacoce hispida as carrier of s-allyl glutathione: to accomplish hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activity against acetaminophen toxicity. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:56-63. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1543192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vennila Krishnan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Periyar University, Salem, India
| | - Chitra Loganathan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Periyar University, Salem, India
| | - Palvannan Thayumanavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Periyar University, Salem, India
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12
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Çadirci K, Türkez H, Özdemir Ö. THE IN VITRO CYTOTOXICITY, GENOTOXICITY AND OXIDATIVE DAMAGE POTENTIAL OF THE ORAL DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE-4 INHIBITOR, LINAGLIPTIN, ON CULTURED HUMAN MONONUCLEAR BLOOD CELLS. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA-BUCHAREST 2019; -5:9-15. [PMID: 31149054 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2019.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Linagliptin (LNG) is a selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor that ameliorates blood glucose control of patients with type 2 diabetes, without developing hypoglycemic risk and weight gain with a good clinical and biological tolerance profile. To the best of our knowledge, its cytotoxic, genotoxic and oxidative effects have never been studied on any cell line. Aim To evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic, genotoxic damage potential and antioxidant/oxidant activity of LNG in cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Material and methods After exposure to different doses (from 0.5 to 500 mg/L) of LNG, cell viability was measured by the MTT (3,(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage tests. The antioxidant activity was assessed by the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative stress (TOS) assays. To evaluate the genotoxic damage potential, chromosomal aberration (CA) frequencies and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) levels were determined. Results Treatment with LNG did not cause statistically significant decreases of cell viability at lower concentrations than 100 mg/L as compared to untreated cultures. However, LNG exhibited cytotoxic action at 250 and 500 mg/L. Also, IC20 and IC50 values of LNG were determined as 8.827 and 70.307 mg/L, respectively. In addition, the oxidative analysis revealed that LNG supported antioxidant capacity at concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L without generating oxidative stress. Besides, the results of CA and 8-oxo-dG assays showed in vitro non-genotoxic feature of LNG. As a conclusion, our findings clearly revealed that LNG had no cytotoxic and genotoxic actions, but exhibited antioxidative activity. In conclusion, therefore it is suggested that LNG use in diabetic patients is safe and provides protection against diabetic vascular and oxidative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Çadirci
- Health Science University, Erzurum Regional Training and Research Hospital - Department of Internal Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - H Türkez
- Erzurum Technical University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ö Özdemir
- Erzurum Technical University, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Erzurum, Turkey
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Marinelli L, Fornasari E, Di Stefano A, Turkez H, Genovese S, Epifano F, Di Biase G, Costantini E, D'Angelo C, Reale M, Cacciatore I. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel analogues of Gly-l-Pro-l-Glu (GPE) as neuroprotective agents. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 29:194-198. [PMID: 30522955 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of novel pseudotripeptides (GPE 1-3) as potential candidates to counteract neuroinflammation processes in Alzheimer's disease. GPE 1-3 pseudotripeptides are synthetic derivatives of Gly-l-Pro-l-Glu (GPE), the N-terminal tripeptide of IGF-1, obtained through the introduction of isosteres of the amidic bond (aminomethylene unit) to increase the metabolic stability of the native tripeptide. The results showed that all synthetic derivatives possessed higher half-lives (t1/2 > 4 h) than GPE (t1/2 = 30 min) in human plasma and had good water solubility. The biological results demonstrated that GPE 1-3 had protective properties in several experimental models of treated THP-1 cells. Notably, the novel pseudotripeptides influenced inflammatory cytokine expression (IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α) in Aβ25-35-, PMA-, and LPS-treated THP-1 cells. In PMA-differentiated THP-1 macrophages, both GPE 1 and GPE 3 reduced the expression levels of all selected cyto-chemokines, even though GPE 3 showed the best neuroprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Erika Fornasari
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Di Biase
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Erica Costantini
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Chiara D'Angelo
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Marcella Reale
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Science, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
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14
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Cacciatore I, Marinelli L, Di Stefano A, Di Marco V, Orlando G, Gabriele M, Gatta DMP, Ferrone A, Franceschelli S, Speranza L, Patruno A. Chelating and antioxidant properties of l-Dopa containing tetrapeptide for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Neuropeptides 2018; 71:11-20. [PMID: 29937392 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases share a common pathogenetic mechanism involving aggregation and deposition of misfolded proteins, oxidative stress, metal dyshomeostasis, and glutamate exicitotoxicity, which lead to progressive dysfunction of central nervous system (CNS). A potential strategy to counteract these deleterious events at neuronal level is represented by the employment of a novel class of multi-target therapeutic agents that selectively and simultaneously hit these targets In this paper, we report the metal binding and antioxidant properties of a novel metal-protein attenuating peptide, GSH-LD, a tetrapeptide obtained by linking glutathione, a well-known antioxidant tripeptide, to L-Dopa. Results demonstrated that GSH-LD possesses chelating capabilities in order to selectively target the excess of metals without interfere with metal-containing antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, antioxidant assays revealed a large contribution of GSH-LD to restore the antioxidant defences of damaged neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Scalo (Chieti), Italy.
| | - Lisa Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Scalo (Chieti), Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Scalo (Chieti), Italy
| | - Valerio Di Marco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Giustino Orlando
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Scalo (Chieti), Italy
| | - Mirko Gabriele
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Scalo (Chieti), Italy; Thermo Fisher Scientific, via Morolense 5, 03013 Ferentino (Frosinone), Italy
| | - Daniela Maria Pia Gatta
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Scalo (Chieti), Italy
| | - Alessio Ferrone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Scalo (Chieti), Italy
| | - Sara Franceschelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Scalo (Chieti), Italy
| | - Lorenza Speranza
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Scalo (Chieti), Italy
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Scalo (Chieti), Italy
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Amino acids and peptides as reactants in multicomponent reactions: modification of peptides with heterocycle backbones through combinatorial chemistry. Mol Divers 2018; 23:317-331. [PMID: 30187297 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-018-9861-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, amino acids and peptides were used as reactants in a Hantzsch multicomponent reaction in order to synthesize new structurally diverse molecules containing these synthons. As well, an applicable strategy for modification of these natural molecules with heterocycle backbones such as pyrimidine, xanthene and acridine is introduced. Using this method, a set of new amino acid- and peptide-functionalized heterocycles were synthesized in good to excellent yields under mild conditions. Furthermore, carbohydrates were used as substrates in the synthesis of some derivatives. Overall, this methodology allows the possibility of synthesis of large numbers of natural product-based libraries, using amino acids, peptides and carbohydrates through combinatorial chemistry.
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Thayumanavan P, Loganathan C, Iruthayaraj A, Poomani K, Nallaiyan S. S-allyl-glutathione, a synthetic analogue of glutathione protected liver against carbon tetrachloride toxicity: Focus towards anti-oxidative efficiency. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 58:21-28. [PMID: 29278860 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A simple analogue of well known natural antioxidant glutathione (GSH) called S-allyl-glutathione (SAG) was evaluated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced oxidative stress liver injury in rat. Pretreatment of SAG attenuated the CCl4-toxicity induced elevation of liver injury markers such as enzymes (AST, ALT, GGT, ALP and LDH) and bilirubin in the blood circulation. Such protective effect of SAG resulted in preservation of liver function observed as normal level of total protein and albumin in plasma as well as inhibition of dyslipidemia in liver. In addition, in silico analysis has proved that SAG has strong affinity with the amino acids present in active site of the human cytochrome P450 2E1 and 3A4. Three important mechanisms provided by SAG such as scavenging of reactive oxidants, replenishing of endogenous antioxidants (SOD, catalase, GPx, GSH and vitamin C) and protection of mitochondrial function (oxidative phosphorylation complex activities) are involved in the optimal function of liver against CCl4-toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chitra Loganathan
- Department of Biochemistry, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636011, India
| | - Ancy Iruthayaraj
- Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636011, India
| | - Kumaradhas Poomani
- Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu 636011, India
| | - Selvan Nallaiyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Government Arts College, Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu 612002, India.
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Jiang K, Guo S, Zhang T, Yang Y, Zhao G, Shaukat A, Wu H, Deng G. Downregulation of TLR4 by miR-181a Provides Negative Feedback Regulation to Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation. Front Pharmacol 2018. [PMID: 29535629 PMCID: PMC5834510 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a progressive clinical disease with a high mortality rate, and characterized by an excessive uncontrolled inflammatory response. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in various human inflammatory diseases, and have been recognized as important regulators of inflammation. However, the regulatory mechanisms mediated by miRNAs involved in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in ALI remain hazy. In this study, we found that miR-181a expression in the lung tissues of ALI mice and LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages is dramatically reduced. We also show that over-expression of miR-181a significantly decreased the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, whereas inhibition of miR-181a reversed this decrease. Moreover, miR-181a inhibits NF-κB activation and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by targeting TLR4 expression. We further verify that miR-181a suppresses TLR4 expression by binding directly to the 3′-UTR of TLR4. Therefore, we provide the first evidence for the negative regulation of miR-181a in LPS-induced inflammation via the suppression of ROS generation and TLR4-NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangfeng Jiang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaping Yang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aftab Shaukat
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Haichong Wu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ganzhen Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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18
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Takemura S, Azuma H, Osada-Oka M, Kubo S, Shibata T, Minamiyama Y. S-allyl-glutathione improves experimental liver fibrosis by regulating Kupffer cell activation in rats. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2018; 314:G150-G163. [PMID: 28971836 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00023.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
S-allyl-glutathione (SAG) is one of the metabolites of diallyl sulfide (DAS), a component of garlic. DAS has shown preventative effects on carcinogenesis in animal models. However, whether synthetic SAG can improve liver fibrosis has not been investigated. We examined the potential preventive effects of SAG on acute and chronic models of liver fibrosis by chronic carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) administration. SAG inhibited liver fibrogenesis induced by CCl4 in a dose-dependent manner and reduced heat shock protein-47 (HSP47), a collagen-specific chaperone, and other fibrosis markers. In fibrosis regression models, after administration of either CCl4 for 9 wk or dimethyl nitrosamine (DMN) for 6 wk, SAG markedly accelerated fibrolysis in both models. In the regression stage of DMN-treated liver, SAG normalized the ratio of M2 phenotype (expression of mannose receptor) in Kupffer cells (KCs). Consistent with these results, the culture supernatants of SAG-treated M2-phenotype KCs inhibited collagen-α1(I) chain (COL1A1) mRNA expression in primary culture-activated rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). However, SAG did not directly inhibit HSC activation. In an acute model of CCl4 single injection, SAG inhibited hepatic injury dose dependently consistent with the inhibited the elevation of the bilirubin and ALT levels. These findings suggest that SAG could improve the fibrogenic and fibrolysis cascade via the regulation of excess activated and polarized KCs. SAG may also serve as a preventive and therapeutic agent in fibrosis of other organs for which current clinical therapy is unavailable. NEW & NOTEWORTHY S-allyl-glutathione (SAG) is a metabolite of diallyl sulfide, a component of garlic. SAG increased hepatic glutathione levels and GSH-to-GSSG ratio in normal rats. SAG treatment before or after liver fibrosis from chronic CCl4 administration improved liver fibrosis and regression. SAG decreased heat shock protein-47 (HSP47), a collagen-specific chaperone, and other fibrosis markers in CCl4-treated livers. SAG-treated Kupffer cell conditioned medium also inhibited collagen-α1(I) chain (COL1A1) mRNA expression and other markers in primary culture hepatic stellate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigekazu Takemura
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University , Osaka , Japan
| | - Hideki Azuma
- Department of Applied and Bioapplied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University , Osaka , Japan
| | - Mayuko Osada-Oka
- Food Hygiene and Environmental Health Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Shoji Kubo
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University , Osaka , Japan
| | - Toshihiko Shibata
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University , Osaka , Japan
| | - Yukiko Minamiyama
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University , Osaka , Japan.,Food Hygiene and Environmental Health Division of Applied Life Science, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University , Kyoto , Japan
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Cacciatore I, Ciulla M, Marinelli L, Eusepi P, Di Stefano A. Advances in prodrug design for Parkinson’s disease. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2018; 13:295-305. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2018.1429400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, University ‘G. D’Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michele Ciulla
- Department of Pharmacy, University ‘G. D’Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lisa Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University ‘G. D’Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Piera Eusepi
- Department of Pharmacy, University ‘G. D’Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, University ‘G. D’Annunzio’ Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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20
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Marinelli L, Fornasari E, Di Stefano A, Turkez H, Arslan ME, Eusepi P, Ciulla M, Cacciatore I. (R)-α-Lipoyl-Gly-l-Pro-l-Glu dimethyl ester as dual acting agent for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Neuropeptides 2017; 66:52-58. [PMID: 28993014 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, effects of LA-GPE (R-α-Lipoyl-Gly-l-Pro-l-Glu dimethyl ester) and GPE (Gly-L-Pro-L-Glu) on the cytotoxic action of Aβ1-42 were tested with differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells as cellular Alzheimer model via measurements of mitochondrial viability (MTT assay) and lactate dehydrogenase release (LDH assay). Effects of LA-GPE and GPE on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidative status (TOS) levels, and neural cell apoptosis and necrosis were also determined. In addition, biological safety of these novel formulations was evaluated in human blood cells using different cytotoxicity and genotoxicity assays. Our results indicated that both compounds could block Aβ1-42 induced cell death. LA-GPE reduced Aβ-induced AChE activity and oxidative stress, suggesting it as a multifunctional compound potentially valuable for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Erika Fornasari
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Piera Eusepi
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Michele Ciulla
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy
| | - Ivana Cacciatore
- Department of Pharmacy, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy.
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21
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Cacciatore I, Fornasari E, Marinelli L, Eusepi P, Ciulla M, Ozdemir O, Tatar A, Turkez H, Di Stefano A. Memantine-derived drugs as potential antitumor agents for the treatment of glioblastoma. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 109:402-411. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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22
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Shen W, Xiao T, Chen S, Liu F, Chen YZ, Jiang Y. Predicting the Enzymatic Hydrolysis Half‐lives of New Chemicals Using Support Vector Regression Models Based on Stepwise Feature Elimination. Mol Inform 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/minf.201600153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanxiang Shen
- Department of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, the Graduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Tao Xiao
- Department of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, the Graduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Shangying Chen
- Bioinformatics and Drug Design Group, Department of PharmacyNational University of Singapore Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, the Graduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Yu Zong Chen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, the Graduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
- Bioinformatics and Drug Design Group, Department of PharmacyNational University of Singapore Singapore 117543 Singapore
- Shenzhen Kivita Innovative Drug Discovery Institute Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Yuyang Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, the Graduate School at ShenzhenTsinghua University Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
- School of Pharmaceutical SciencesTsinghua University Beijing 100084 P. R. China
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Biological Effect of Licochalcone C on the Regulation of PI3K/Akt/eNOS and NF-κB/iNOS/NO Signaling Pathways in H9c2 Cells in Response to LPS Stimulation. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18040690. [PMID: 28333102 PMCID: PMC5412276 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols compounds are a group molecules present in many plants. They have antioxidant properties and can also be helpful in the management of sepsis. Licochalcone C (LicoC), a constituent of Glycyrrhiza glabra, has various biological and pharmacological properties. In saying this, the effect of LicoC on the inflammatory response that characterizes septic myocardial dysfunction is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether LicoC exhibits anti-inflammatory properties on H9c2 cells that are stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Our results have shown that LicoC treatment represses nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) translocation and several downstream molecules, such as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Moreover, LicoC has upregulated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling pathway. Finally, 2-(4-Morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-1(4H)-benzopyran-4-one hydrochloride (LY294002), a specific PI3K inhibitor, blocked the protective effects of LicoC. These findings indicate that LicoC plays a pivotal role in cardiac dysfunction in sepsis-induced inflammation.
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Taddeo VA, Genovese S, Carlucci G, Ferrone V, Patruno A, Ferrone A, de Medina P, Fiorito S, Epifano F. Quantitative profiling of 4'-geranyloxyferulic acid and its conjugate with l-nitroarginine methyl ester in mononuclear cells by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 133:49-55. [PMID: 27856101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxyprenylated natural products were shown to exert in vitro and in vivo remarkable anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. This paper describes a rapid, selective, and sensitive HPLC method with fluorescence detection for determination of 4'-geranyloxyferulic acid (GOFA) and its conjugate with l-nitroarginine methyl ester (GOFA-L-NAME) in mononuclear cells. Analytes were extracted from cells using methanol and eluted on a GraceSmart RP18 analytical column (250×4.6mm i.d., 5μm particle size) kept at 25°C. A mixture of formic acid 1% in water (A) and methanol (B) were used as mobile phase, at a flow-rate of 1.2mL/min in gradient elution. A fluorescence detector (excitation/emission wavelength of 319/398nm for GOFA and GOFA-L-NAME), was used for the two analytes. Calibration curves of GOFA and GOFA-L-NAME were linear over the concentration range of 1.0-50μg/mL, with correlation coefficients (r2)≥0.9995. Intra- and inter-assay precision do not exceed 6.8%. The accuracy was from 94% to 105% for quality control samples (2.0, 25.0 and 40μg/mL). The mean (RSD%) extraction recoveries (n=5) for GOFA and GOFA-L-NAME from spiked cells at 2.0, 25.0 and 40.0μg/mL were 92.4±1.5%, 94.7±0.9% and 93.8±1.1%, for GOFA and 95.3±1.2%, 94.8±1.0% and 93.9±1.3%, for GOFA-L-NAME. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.3μg/mL and 1.0μg/mL for GOFA and GOFA-L-NAME. This method was successfully applied to measure GOFA and GOFA-L-NAME concentrations in a mononuclear cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Alessandro Taddeo
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" - Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Salvatore Genovese
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" - Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Carlucci
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" - Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ferrone
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" - Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" - Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessio Ferrone
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" - Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Serena Fiorito
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" - Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" - Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Genovese S, Fiorito S, Taddeo VA, Epifano F, Paciotti R, Coletti C, Franceschelli S, Speranza L, Ferrone A, Felaco M, Patruno A. Effects of Geranyloxycinnamic Acids on COX-2 and i
NOS Functionalities in LPS-Stimulated U937 Mononuclear Cells. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Genovese
- Department of Pharmacy; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Via dei Vestini 31 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH) Italy
| | - Serena Fiorito
- Department of Pharmacy; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Via dei Vestini 31 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH) Italy
| | - Vito Alessandro Taddeo
- Department of Pharmacy; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Via dei Vestini 31 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH) Italy
| | - Francesco Epifano
- Department of Pharmacy; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Via dei Vestini 31 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH) Italy
| | - Roberto Paciotti
- Department of Pharmacy; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Via dei Vestini 31 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH) Italy
| | - Cecilia Coletti
- Department of Pharmacy; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Via dei Vestini 31 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH) Italy
| | - Sara Franceschelli
- Department of Pharmacy; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Via dei Vestini 31 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH) Italy
| | - Lorenza Speranza
- Department of Pharmacy; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Via dei Vestini 31 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH) Italy
| | - Alessio Ferrone
- Department of Pharmacy; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Via dei Vestini 31 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH) Italy
| | - Mario Felaco
- Department of Pharmacy; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Via dei Vestini 31 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH) Italy
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Pharmacy; University “G. d'Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara; Via dei Vestini 31 66100 Chieti Scalo (CH) Italy
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Preparation and characterization of polymeric micelles loaded with a potential anticancer prodrug. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Franceschelli S, Gatta DMP, Pesce M, Ferrone A, Patruno A, de Lutiis MA, Grilli A, Felaco M, Croce F, Speranza L. New Approach in Translational Medicine: Effects of Electrolyzed Reduced Water (ERW) on NF-κB/iNOS Pathway in U937 Cell Line under Altered Redox State. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091461. [PMID: 27598129 PMCID: PMC5037740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) can exert harmful effects, altering the cellular redox state. Electrolyzed Reduced Water (ERW) produced near the cathode during water electrolysis exhibits high pH, high concentration of dissolved hydrogen and an extremely negative redox potential. Several findings indicate that ERW had the ability of a scavenger free radical, which results from hydrogen molecules with a high reducing ability and may participate in the redox regulation of cellular function. We investigated the effect of ERW on H2O2-induced U937 damage by evaluating the modulation of redox cellular state. Western blotting and spectrophotometrical analysis showed that ERW inhibited oxidative stress by restoring the antioxidant capacity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Consequently, ERW restores the ability of the glutathione reductase to supply the cell of an important endogenous antioxidant, such as GSH, reversing the inhibitory effect of H2O2 on redox balance of U937 cells. Therefore, this means a reduction of cytotoxicity induced by peroxynitrite via a downregulation of the NF-κB/iNOS pathway and could be used as an antioxidant for preventive and therapeutic application. In conclusion, ERW can protect the cellular redox balance, reducing the risk of several diseases with altered cellular homeostasis such as inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Franceschelli
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Daniela Maria Pia Gatta
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Medicine and Health Science School, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Alessio Ferrone
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Maria Anna de Lutiis
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Alfredo Grilli
- Medicine and Health Science School, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Mario Felaco
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Fausto Croce
- Department of Farmacy, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Lorenza Speranza
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University of Gabriele D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
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Andersson V, Bergström F, Brånalt J, Grönberg G, Gustafsson D, Karlsson S, Polla M, Bergman J, Kihlberg J. Macrocyclic Prodrugs of a Selective Nonpeptidic Direct Thrombin Inhibitor Display High Permeability, Efficient Bioconversion but Low Bioavailability. J Med Chem 2016; 59:6658-70. [PMID: 27347787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The only oral direct thrombin inhibitors that have reached the market, ximelagatran and dabigatran etexilat, are double prodrugs with low bioavailability in humans. We have evaluated an alternative strategy: the preparation of a nonpeptidic, polar direct thrombin inhibitor as a single, macrocyclic esterase-cleavable (acyloxy)alkoxy prodrug. Two homologous prodrugs were synthesized and displayed high solubilities and Caco-2 cell permeabilities, suggesting high absorption from the intestine. In addition, they were rapidly and completely converted to the active zwitterionic thrombin inhibitor in human hepatocytes. Unexpectedly, the most promising prodrug displayed only moderately higher oral bioavailability in rat than the polar direct thrombin inhibitor, most likely due to rapid metabolism in the intestine or the intestinal wall. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first in vivo ADME study of macrocyclic (acyloxy)alkoxy prodrugs, and it remains to be established if the modest increase in bioavailability is a general feature of this category of prodrugs or not.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jonas Brånalt
- CVMD iMed, AstraZeneca R&D Mölndal , SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Grönberg
- RIA iMed, AstraZeneca R&D Mölndal , SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - David Gustafsson
- Emeriti Pharma AB, AZ Bioventure Hub, c/o AstraZeneca , S-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | | | - Magnus Polla
- CVMD iMed, AstraZeneca R&D Mölndal , SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Joakim Bergman
- CVMD iMed, AstraZeneca R&D Mölndal , SE-431 83 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jan Kihlberg
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University , Box 576, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
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Cacciatore I, Ciulla M, Fornasari E, Marinelli L, Di Stefano A. Solid lipid nanoparticles as a drug delivery system for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 13:1121-31. [PMID: 27073977 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1178237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The failure of many molecules as CNS bioactive compounds is due to many restrictions: poor water solubility, intestinal absorption, in vivo stability, bioavailability, therapeutic effectiveness, side effects, plasma fluctuations, and difficulty crossing physiological barriers, like the brain blood barrier (BBB), to deliver the drug directly to the site of action. AREA COVERED Nanotechnology-based approaches with the employment of liposomes, micelles, dendrimers, and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) as drug delivery systems, are used to overcome the above reported limitations. Here, we focus on the delivery of drugs based on SLN formulation to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Notably, SLN have the ability to protect drugs from chemical and enzymatic degradation, direct the active compound towards the target site with a substantial reduction of toxicity for the adjacent tissues, and pass physiological barriers increasing bioavailability without resorting to high dosage forms. EXPERT OPINION We believe that SLN could represent a suitable tool to pass the BBB and permit drugs to reach damaged areas of the CNS in patients affected by neurodegenerative pathologies, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Cacciatore
- a Department of Pharmacy , University 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | - Michele Ciulla
- a Department of Pharmacy , University 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | - Erika Fornasari
- a Department of Pharmacy , University 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | - Lisa Marinelli
- a Department of Pharmacy , University 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
| | - Antonio Di Stefano
- a Department of Pharmacy , University 'G. D'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara , Chieti , Italy
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Franceschelli S, Pesce M, Ferrone A, Patruno A, Pasqualone L, Carlucci G, Ferrone V, Carlucci M, de Lutiis MA, Grilli A, Felaco M, Speranza L. A Novel Biological Role of α-Mangostin in Modulating Inflammatory Response Through the Activation of SIRT-1 Signaling Pathway. J Cell Physiol 2016; 231:2439-51. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Franceschelli
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging; University G. D'Annunzio; Chieti Italy
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Medicine and Health Science School University G. D'Annunzio; Chieti Italy
| | - Alessio Ferrone
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging; University G. D'Annunzio; Chieti Italy
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging; University G. D'Annunzio; Chieti Italy
| | - Livia Pasqualone
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging; University G. D'Annunzio; Chieti Italy
| | | | | | - Maura Carlucci
- Department of Pharmacy; University G. D'Annunzio; Chieti Italy
| | - Maria Anna de Lutiis
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging; University G. D'Annunzio; Chieti Italy
| | - Alfredo Grilli
- Medicine and Health Science School University G. D'Annunzio; Chieti Italy
| | - Mario Felaco
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging; University G. D'Annunzio; Chieti Italy
| | - Lorenza Speranza
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging; University G. D'Annunzio; Chieti Italy
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Development of glycine-α-methyl-proline-containing tripeptides with neuroprotective properties. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 108:553-563. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Carvacrol codrugs: a new approach in the antimicrobial plan. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120937. [PMID: 25859852 PMCID: PMC4393269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections led to identify alternative strategies for a novel therapeutic approach. In this study, we synthesized ten carvacrol codrugs – obtained linking the carvacrol hydroxyl group to the carboxyl moiety of sulphur-containing amino acids via an ester bond – to develop novel compounds with improved antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities and reduced toxicity respect to carvacrol alone. Method All carvacrol codrugs were screened against a representative panel of Gram positive (S. aureus and S. epidermidis), Gram negative (E. coli and P. aeruginosa) bacterial strains and C. albicans, using broth microdilution assays. Findings Results showed that carvacrol codrug 4 possesses the most notable enhancement in the anti-bacterial activity displaying MIC and MBC values equal to 2.5 mg/mL for all bacterial strains, except for P. aeruginosa ATCC 9027 (MIC and MBC values equal to 5 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL, respectively). All carvacrol codrugs 1-10 revealed good antifungal activity against C. albicans ATCC 10231. The cytotoxicity assay showed that the novel carvacrol codrugs did not produce human blood hemolysis at their MIC values except for codrugs 8 and 9. In particular, deepened experiments performed on carvacrol codrug 4 showed an interesting antimicrobial effect on the mature biofilm produced by E. coli ATCC 8739, respect to the carvacrol alone. The antimicrobial effects of carvacrol codrug 4 were also analyzed by TEM evidencing morphological modifications in S. aureus, E. coli, and C. albicans. Conclusion The current study presents an insight into the use of codrug strategy for developing carvacrol derivatives with antibacterial and antibiofilm potentials, and reduced cytotoxicity.
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