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Bennett RX, Hendrickson JR, Bergfield JP. Quantum Interference Enhancement of the Spin-Dependent Thermoelectric Response. ACS NANO 2024; 18:11876-11885. [PMID: 38651504 PMCID: PMC11080465 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the influence of quantum interference (QI) and broken spin-symmetry on the thermoelectric response of node-possessing junctions, finding a dramatic enhancement of the spin-thermopower (Ss), figure-of-merit (ZsT), and maximum thermodynamic efficiency (ηsmax) caused by destructive QI. Using many-body and single-particle methods, we calculate the response of 1,3-benzenedithiol and cross-conjugated molecule-based junctions subject to an applied magnetic field, finding nearly universal behavior over a range of junction parameters with Ss, ZsT, and reaching peak values of 2 π / 3 ( k / e ) , 1.51, and 28% of Carnot efficiency, respectively. We also find that the quantum-enhanced spin-response is spectrally broad, and the field required to achieve peak efficiency scales with temperature. The influence of off-resonant thermal channels (e.g., phonon heat transport) on this effect is also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runa X. Bennett
- Department
of Physics, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790, United States
| | - Joshua R. Hendrickson
- Air
Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio 45433, United States
| | - Justin P. Bergfield
- Department
of Physics, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61790, United States
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2
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Gastellu N, Kilgour M, Simine L. Electronic Conduction through Monolayer Amorphous Carbon Nanojunctions. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:339-344. [PMID: 35021673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In molecular electronic conduction, exotic lattice morphologies often give rise to exotic behaviors. Among 2D systems, graphene is a notable example. Recently, a stable amorphous version of graphene called monolayer amorphous carbon (MAC) was synthesized. MAC poses a new set of questions regarding the effects of disorder on conduction. In this Letter, we perform an ensemble-level computational analysis of the coherent electronic transmission through MAC nanofragments in search of defining characteristics. Our analysis, relying on a semiempirical Hamiltonian (Pariser-Parr-Pople) and Landauer theory, showed that states near the Fermi energy (EF) in MAC inherit partial characteristics of analogous surface states in graphene nanofragments. Away from EF, current is carried by a set of delocalized states that transition into a subset of insulating interior states at the extreme portions of MAC's energy spectrum. Finally, we also found that quantum interference between frontier orbitals is a common feature among MAC nanofragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gastellu
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Michael Kilgour
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Lena Simine
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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3
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Gunasekaran S, Greenwald JE, Venkataraman L. Visualizing Quantum Interference in Molecular Junctions. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:2843-2848. [PMID: 32142291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c00605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electron transport across a molecular junction is characterized by an energy-dependent transmission function. The transmission function accounts for electrons tunneling through multiple molecular orbitals (MOs) with different phases, which gives rise to quantum interference (QI) effects. Because the transmission function comprises both interfering and noninterfering effects, individual interferences between MOs cannot be deduced from the transmission function directly. Herein, we demonstrate how the transmission function can be deconstructed into its constituent interfering and noninterfering contributions for any model molecular junction. These contributions are arranged in a matrix and displayed pictorially as a QI map, which allows one to easily identify individual QI effects. Importantly, we show that exponential conductance decay with increasing oligomer length is primarily due to an increase in destructive QI. With an ability to "see" QI effects using the QI map, we find that QI is vital to all molecular-scale electron transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Gunasekaran
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Julia E Greenwald
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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4
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Cuny J, Tarrat N, Spiegelman F, Huguenot A, Rapacioli M. Density-functional tight-binding approach for metal clusters, nanoparticles, surfaces and bulk: application to silver and gold. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2018; 30:303001. [PMID: 29916820 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aacd6c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Density-functional based tight-binding (DFTB) is an efficient quantum mechanical method that can describe a variety of systems, going from organic and inorganic compounds to metallic and hybrid materials. The present topical review addresses the ability and performance of DFTB to investigate energetic, structural, spectroscopic and dynamical properties of gold and silver materials. After a brief overview of the theoretical basis of DFTB, its parametrization and its transferability, we report its past and recent applications to gold and silver systems, including small clusters, nanoparticles, bulk and surfaces, bare and interacting with various organic and inorganic compounds. The range of applications covered by those studies goes from plasmonics and molecular electronics, to energy conversion and surface chemistry. Finally, perspectives of DFTB in the field of gold and silver surfaces and NPs are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Cuny
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (LCPQ), Université de Toulouse III [UPS] and CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
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5
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Gu C, Wang H, Sun H, Liao J, Hou S, Guo X. Origin and mechanism analysis of asymmetric current fluctuations in single-molecule junctions. RSC Adv 2018; 8:39408-39413. [PMID: 35558058 PMCID: PMC9090728 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08508k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The measurements of molecular electronic devices usually suffer from serious noise. Although noise hampers the operation of electric circuits in most cases, current fluctuations in single-molecule junctions are essentially related to their intrinsic quantum effects in the process of electron transport. Noise analysis can reveal and understand these processes from the behavior of current fluctuations. Here, in this study we observe and analyze the faint asymmetric current distribution in single-molecule junctions, in which the asymmetric intensity is highly related to the applied biases. The exploration of high-order moments within bias and temperature dependent measurements, in combination with model Hamiltonian calculations, statistically prove that the asymmetric current distribution originates from the inelastic electron tunneling process. Such results demonstrate a potential noise analysis method based on the fine structures of the current distribution rather than the noise power, which has obvious advantages in the investigation of the inelastic electron tunneling process in single-molecule junctions. The asymmetric current noise in a single-molecule device was observed, which is relevant to an inelastic electron transport process.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- P. R. China
| | - Hantao Sun
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- P. R. China
| | - Jianhui Liao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- P. R. China
| | - Shimin Hou
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices
- Department of Electronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
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6
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Karimi MA, Bahoosh SG, Herz M, Hayakawa R, Pauly F, Scheer E. Shot Noise of 1,4-Benzenedithiol Single-Molecule Junctions. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:1803-1807. [PMID: 26859711 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of the shot noise on single-molecule Au-1,4-benzenedithiol-Au junctions, fabricated with the mechanically controllable break junction (MCBJ) technique at 4.2 K in a wide range of conductance values from 10(-2) to 0.24 conductance quanta. We introduce a simple measurement scheme using a current amplifier and a spectrum analyzer and that does not imply special requirements regarding the electrical leads. The experimental findings provide evidence that the current is carried by a single conduction channel throughout the whole conductance range. This observation suggests that the number of channels is limited by the Au-thiol bonds and that contributions due to direct tunneling from the Au to the π-system of the aromatic ring are negligible also for high conductance. The results are supported by quantum transport calculations using density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Karimi
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - S G Bahoosh
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - M Herz
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - R Hayakawa
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz, Germany
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science , 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - F Pauly
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - E Scheer
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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7
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Liu ZF, Neaton JB. Communication: Energy-dependent resonance broadening in symmetric and asymmetric molecular junctions from an ab initio non-equilibrium Green's function approach. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:131104. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4897448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Fei Liu
- Molecular Foundry and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jeffrey B. Neaton
- Molecular Foundry and Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Kavli Energy Nanosciences Institute at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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8
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Vardimon R, Yelin T, Klionsky M, Sarkar S, Biller A, Kronik L, Tal O. Probing the orbital origin of conductance oscillations in atomic chains. NANO LETTERS 2014; 14:2988-93. [PMID: 24810575 DOI: 10.1021/nl4041737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We investigate periodical oscillations in the conductance of suspended Au and Pt atomic chains during elongation under mechanical stress. Analysis of conductance and shot noise measurements reveals that the oscillations are mainly related to variations in a specific conduction channel as the chain undergoes transitions between zigzag and linear atomic configurations. The calculated local electronic structure shows that the oscillations originate from varying degrees of hybridization between the atomic orbitals along the chain as a function of the zigzag angle. These variations are highly dependent on the directionally and symmetry of the relevant orbitals, in agreement with the order-of-magnitude difference between the Pt and Au oscillation amplitudes observed in experiment. Our results demonstrate that the sensitivity of conductance to structural variations can be controlled by designing atomic-scale conductors in view of the directional interactions between atomic orbitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Vardimon
- Department of Chemical Physics and ‡Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 76100, Israel
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9
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Ben-Zvi R, Vardimon R, Yelin T, Tal O. Electron-vibration interaction in multichannel single-molecule junctions. ACS NANO 2013; 7:11147-55. [PMID: 24252112 DOI: 10.1021/nn404873x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The effect of electron-vibration interaction in atomic-scale junctions with a single conduction channel was widely investigated both theoretically and experimentally. However, the more general case of junctions with several conduction channels has received very little attention. Here we study electron-vibration interaction in multichannel molecular junctions, formed by introduction of either benzene or carbon dioxide between platinum electrodes. By combining shot noise and differential conductance measurements, we analyze the effect of vibration activation on conductance in view of the distribution of conduction channels. Based on the shift of vibration energy while the junction is stretched, we identify vibration modes with transverse and longitudinal symmetry. The detection of different vibration modes is ascribed to efficient vibration coupling to different conduction channels according to symmetry considerations. While most of our observations can be explained in view of the theoretical models for a single conduction channel, the appearance of conductance enhancement, induced by electron-vibration interaction, at high conductance values indicates either unexpected high electron-vibration coupling or interchannel scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regev Ben-Zvi
- Department of Chemical Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot, 76100 Israel
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10
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Lykkebo J, Gagliardi A, Pecchia A, Solomon GC. Strong overtones modes in inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy with cross-conjugated molecules: a prediction from theory. ACS NANO 2013; 7:9183-94. [PMID: 24067128 PMCID: PMC3807527 DOI: 10.1021/nn4037915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cross-conjugated molecules are known to exhibit destructive quantum interference, a property that has recently received considerable attention in single-molecule electronics. Destructive quantum interference can be understood as an antiresonance in the elastic transmission near the Fermi energy and leading to suppressed levels of elastic current. In most theoretical studies, only the elastic contributions to the current are taken into account. In this paper, we study the inelastic contributions to the current in cross-conjugated molecules and find that while the inelastic contribution to the current is larger than for molecules without interference, the overall behavior of the molecule is still dominated by the quantum interference feature. Second, an ongoing challenge for single molecule electronics is understanding and controlling the local geometry at the molecule-surface interface. With this in mind, we investigate a spectroscopic method capable of providing insight into these junctions for cross-conjugated molecules: inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS). IETS has the advantage that the molecule interface is probed directly by the tunneling current. Previously, it has been thought that overtones are not observable in IETS. Here, overtones are predicted to be strong and, in some cases, the dominant spectroscopic features. We study the origin of the overtones and find that the interference features in these molecules are the key ingredient. The interference feature is a property of the transmission channels of the π system only, and consequently, in the vicinity of the interference feature, the transmission channels of the σ system and the π system become equally transmissive. This allows for scattering between the different transmission channels, which serves as a pathway to bypass the interference feature. A simple model calculation is able to reproduce the results obtained from atomistic calculations, and we use this to interpret these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Lykkebo
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Alessio Gagliardi
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via del Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pecchia
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, ISMN, Via Salaria km 29.6, 00017 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Gemma C. Solomon
- Nano-Science Center and Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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11
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12
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Bergfield JP, Barr JD, Stafford CA. Transmission eigenvalue distributions in highly conductive molecular junctions. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 3:40-51. [PMID: 22428095 PMCID: PMC3304317 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.3.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transport through a quantum-scale device may be uniquely characterized by its transmission eigenvalues τ(n). Recently, highly conductive single-molecule junctions (SMJ) with multiple transport channels (i.e., several τ(n) > 0) have been formed from benzene molecules between Pt electrodes. Transport through these multichannel SMJs is a probe of both the bonding properties at the lead-molecule interface and of the molecular symmetry. RESULTS We use a many-body theory that properly describes the complementary wave-particle nature of the electron to investigate transport in an ensemble of Pt-benzene-Pt junctions. We utilize an effective-field theory of interacting π-electrons to accurately model the electrostatic influence of the leads, and we develop an ab initio tunneling model to describe the details of the lead-molecule bonding over an ensemble of junction geometries. We also develop a simple decomposition of transmission eigenchannels into molecular resonances based on the isolated resonance approximation, which helps to illustrate the workings of our many-body theory, and facilitates unambiguous interpretation of transmission spectra. CONCLUSION We confirm that Pt-benzene-Pt junctions have two dominant transmission channels, with only a small contribution from a third channel with τ(n) << 1. In addition, we demonstrate that the isolated resonance approximation is extremely accurate and determine that transport occurs predominantly via the HOMO orbital in Pt-benzene-Pt junctions. Finally, we show that the transport occurs in a lead-molecule coupling regime where the charge carriers are both particle-like and wave-like simultaneously, requiring a many-body description.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin P Bergfield
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Joshua D Barr
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, 1118 East Fourth Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - Charles A Stafford
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, 1118 East Fourth Street, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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13
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Molecular electronic junction transport: some pathways and some ideas. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2011. [PMID: 21915776 DOI: 10.1007/128_2011_227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
When a single molecule, or a collection of molecules, is placed between two electrodes and voltage is applied, one has a molecular transport junction. We discuss such junctions, their properties, their description, and some of their applications. The discussion is qualitative rather than quantitative, and focuses on mechanism, structure/function relations, regimes and mechanisms of transport, some molecular regularities, and some substantial challenges facing the field. Because there are many regimes and mechanisms in transport junctions, we will discuss time scales, geometries, and inelastic scattering methods for trying to determine the properties of molecules within these junctions. Finally, we discuss some device applications, some outstanding problems, and some future directions.
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14
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Härtle R, Butzin M, Rubio-Pons O, Thoss M. Quantum interference and decoherence in single-molecule junctions: how vibrations induce electrical current. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:046802. [PMID: 21867029 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.046802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2011] [Revised: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Quantum interference and decoherence in single-molecule junctions is analyzed employing a nonequilibrium Green's function approach. Electrons tunneling through quasidegenerate states of a molecular junction exhibit interference effects. We show that electronic-vibrational coupling, inherent to any molecular junction, strongly quenches such interference effects. This decoherence mechanism may cause significantly larger electrical currents and is particularly pronounced if the junction is vibrationally highly excited, e.g., due to inelastic processes in the resonant transport regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Härtle
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für Molekulare Materialien, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstr. 7/B2, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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15
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Bergfield JP, Barr JD, Stafford CA. The number of transmission channels through a single-molecule junction. ACS NANO 2011; 5:2707-2714. [PMID: 21417212 DOI: 10.1021/nn1030753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We calculate transmission eigenvalue distributions for Pt-benzene-Pt and Pt-butadiene-Pt junctions using realistic state-of-the-art many-body techniques. An effective field theory of interacting π-electrons is used to include screening and van der Waals interactions with the metal electrodes. We find that the number of dominant transmission channels in a molecular junction is equal to the degeneracy of the molecular orbital closest to the metal Fermi level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin P Bergfield
- College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, 1630 East University Boulevard, Arizona 85721, USA
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16
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Volkovich R, Härtle R, Thoss M, Peskin U. Bias-controlled selective excitation of vibrational modes in molecular junctions: a route towards mode-selective chemistry. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:14333-49. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp21161g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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17
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Perrine TM, Dunietz BD. Contact Geometry Symmetry Dependence of Field Effect Gating in Single-Molecule Transistors. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:2914-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja906234v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trilisa M. Perrine
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Barry D. Dunietz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
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18
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Kornyshev AA, Kuznetsov AM. Simple theory of current fluctuations and noise in bridge-mediated nano-junctions. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2008; 20:374103. [PMID: 21694411 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/20/37/374103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We develop a simplified, model theory of noise caused by highly damped oscillating conformational fluctuations of a chain molecule mediating a nano-junction. Considering the most 'primitive' approximation of direct tunneling of electrons and barrier coupling with collective coordinates that describe internal conformations of the chain molecule, we derive approximate analytical formulas for the temporary current correlation function, noise power, and Fano factor. We analyze the role of different cumulative parameters of the model that affect the noise, as well as the effect of the temperature and of the number of groups in the chain. We present this analysis in expectation of experiments on this type of noise and in an attempt to trigger such experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Kornyshev
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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19
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Solomon GC, Andrews DQ, Hansen T, Goldsmith RH, Wasielewski MR, Van Duyne RP, Ratner MA. Understanding quantum interference in coherent molecular conduction. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:054701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2958275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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20
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Perrine TM, Smith RG, Marsh C, Dunietz BD. Gating of single molecule transistors: Combining field-effect and chemical control. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:154706. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2897425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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Wohlthat S, Pauly F, Reimers JR. The conduction properties of α,ω-diaminoalkanes and hydrazine bridging gold electrodes. Chem Phys Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2008.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Galperin M, Ratner MA, Nitzan A, Troisi A. Nuclear Coupling and Polarization in Molecular Transport Junctions: Beyond Tunneling to Function. Science 2008; 319:1056-60. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1146556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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23
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Arnold A, Weigend F, Evers F. Quantum chemistry calculations for molecules coupled to reservoirs: formalism, implementation, and application to benzenedithiol. J Chem Phys 2007; 126:174101. [PMID: 17492851 DOI: 10.1063/1.2716664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Modern quantum chemistry calculations are usually implemented for isolated systems-big molecules or atom clusters; total energy and particle number are fixed. However, in many situations, like quantum transport calculations or molecules in a electrochemical environment, the molecule can exchange particles (and energy) with a reservoir. Calculations for such cases require to switch from the canonical to a grand canonical description, where one fixes the chemical potential rather than particle number. To achieve this goal, the authors propose an implementation in standard quantum chemistry packages. An application to the nonlinear charge transport through 1,4-benzenedithiol will be presented. They explain the leading finite bias effect on the transmission as a consequence of a nonequilibrium Stark effect and discuss the relation to earlier work.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Arnold
- Institut für Theorie der kondensierten Materie, Universität Karlsruhe, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
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24
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Reimers JR, Solomon GC, Gagliardi A, Bilić A, Hush NS, Frauenheim T, Di Carlo A, Pecchia A. The Green's Function Density Functional Tight-Binding (gDFTB) Method for Molecular Electronic Conduction. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:5692-702. [PMID: 17530826 DOI: 10.1021/jp070598y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A review is presented of the nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) method "gDFTB" for evaluating elastic and inelastic conduction through single molecules employing the density functional tight-binding (DFTB) electronic structure method. This focuses on the possible advantages that DFTB implementations of NEGF have over conventional methods based on density functional theory, including not only the ability to treat large irregular metal-molecule junctions with high nonequilibrium thermal distributions but perhaps also the ability to treat dispersive forces, bond breakage, and open-shell systems and to avoid large band lineup errors. New results are presented indicating that DFTB provides a useful depiction of simple gold-thiol interactions. Symmetry is implemented in DFTB, and the advantages it brings in terms of large savings of computational resources with significant increase in numerical stability are described. The power of DFTB is then harnessed to allow the use of gDFTB as a real-time tool to discover the nature of the forces that control inelastic charge transport through molecules and the role of molecular symmetry in determining both elastic and inelastic transport. Future directions for the development of the method are discussed.
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