1
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Meng X, Möller J, Menchón RE, Weismann A, Sánchez-Portal D, Garcia-Lekue A, Herges R, Berndt R. Kondo Effect of Co-Porphyrin: Remarkable Sensitivity to Adsorption Sites and Orientations. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:180-186. [PMID: 38150551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the Kondo effect of cobalt(II)-5-15-bis(4'-bromophenyl)-10,20-bis(4'-iodophenyl)porphyrin (CoTPPBr2I2) molecules on Au(111) with low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy under ultrahigh vacuum conditions. The molecules exhibit four adsorption configurations at the top and bridge sites of the surface with different molecular orientations. The Kondo resonance shows extraordinary sensitivity to the adsorption configuration. By switching the molecule between different configurations, the Kondo temperature is varied over a wide range from ≈8 up to ≈250 K. Density functional theory calculations reveal that changes of the adsorption configuration lead to distinct variations of the hybridization between the molecule and the surface. Furthermore, we show that surface reconstruction plays a significant role for the molecular Kondo effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhi Meng
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jenny Möller
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Rodrigo E Menchón
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniría y Agrimensura (FCEIA), Instituto de Física Rosario (IFIR), 2000 Rosario, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR), 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | - Alexander Weismann
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Daniel Sánchez-Portal
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CSIC-UPV/EHU, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Aran Garcia-Lekue
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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2
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Gao Y, Vlaic S, Gorni T, De' Medici L, Clair S, Roditchev D, Pons S. Manipulation of the Magnetic State of a Porphyrin-Based Molecule on Gold: From Kondo to Quantum Nanomagnet via the Charge Fluctuation Regime. ACS NANO 2023; 17:9082-9089. [PMID: 37162317 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
By moving individual Fe-porphyrin-based molecules with the tip of a scanning tunneling microscope in the vicinity of the elbow of the herringbone-reconstructed Au(111) containing a Br atom, we reversibly and continuously control their magnetic state. Several regimes are obtained experimentally and explored theoretically: from the integer spin limit, through intermediate magnetic states with renormalized magnetic anisotropy, until the Kondo-screened regime, corresponding to a progressive increase of charge fluctuations and mixed valency due to an increase in the interaction of the molecular Fe states with the substrate Fermi sea. Our study demonstrates the potential of utilizing charge fluctuations to generate and tune quantum magnetic states in molecule-surface hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzheng Gao
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sergio Vlaic
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Tommaso Gorni
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Luca De' Medici
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Clair
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IM2NP, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Dimitri Roditchev
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut des Nanosciences de Paris, Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR7588, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Pons
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Étude des Matériaux (LPEM), ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, CNRS UMR8213, Sorbonne Université, 75005 Paris, France
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3
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Borca B, Michnowicz T, Aguilar-Galindo F, Pétuya R, Pristl M, Schendel V, Pentegov I, Kraft U, Klauk H, Wahl P, Arnau A, Schlickum U. Chiral and Catalytic Effects of Site-Specific Molecular Adsorption. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:2072-2077. [PMID: 36799542 PMCID: PMC9986952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The changes of properties and preferential interactions based on subtle energetic differences are important characteristics of organic molecules, particularly for their functionalities in biological systems. Only slightly energetically favored interactions are important for the molecular adsorption and bonding to surfaces, which define their properties for further technological applications. Here, prochiral tetracenothiophene molecules are adsorbed on the Cu(111) surface. The chiral adsorption configurations are determined by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy studies and confirmed by first-principles calculations. Remarkably, the selection of the adsorption sites by chemically different moieties of the molecules is dictated by the arrangement of the atoms in the first and second surface layers. Furthermore, we have investigated the thermal effects on the direct desulfurization reaction that occurs under the catalytic activity of the Cu substrate. This reaction leads to a product that is covalently bound to the surface in chiral configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdana Borca
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- National
Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor 405A, 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania
| | - Tomasz Michnowicz
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Rémi Pétuya
- Donostia
International Physics Center, E-20018 Donostia - San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Marcel Pristl
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Verena Schendel
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ivan Pentegov
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kraft
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Hagen Klauk
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Peter Wahl
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- SUPA,
School of Physics and Astronomy, University
of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9SS, United Kingdom
| | - Andrés Arnau
- Donostia
International Physics Center, E-20018 Donostia - San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento
de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física,
Química y Tecnología UPV/EHU and Material
Physics Center (MPC), Centro Mixto CSIC-UPV/EHU, E-20018 Donostia
- San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Uta Schlickum
- Max
Planck Institute for Solid State Research, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics and Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany
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4
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Ayani CG, Calleja F, Ibarburu IM, Casado Aguilar P, Nazriq NKM, Yamada TK, Garnica M, Vázquez de Parga AL, Miranda R. Switchable molecular functionalization of an STM tip: from a Yu-Shiba-Rusinov Tip to a Kondo tip. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15111-15118. [PMID: 36205255 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr08227b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work we fabricate and characterize a functionalized superconducting (SC) Nb tip of a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM). The tip is functionalized with a Tetracyanoquinodimethane molecule (TCNQ) that accepts charge from the tip and develops a magnetic moment. As a consequence, in scanning tunnelling spectroscopy (STS), sharp, bias symmetric sub-gap states identified as Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) bound states appear against the featureless density of states of a metallic graphene on Ir(111) sample. Although the coupling regime of the magnetic impurity with the SC tip depends on the initial absorption configuration of the molecule, the interaction strength between the SC tip and the charged TCNQ molecule can be reversibly controlled by tuning the tip-sample distance. The controlled transition from one coupling regime to the other allows us to verify the relation between the energy scales of the two competing many-body effects for the functionalized tip. Quenching the SC state of the Nb tip with a magnetic field switches abruptly from a tip dominated by the YSR bound states to a Kondo tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosme G Ayani
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Fabian Calleja
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ivan M Ibarburu
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pablo Casado Aguilar
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Nana K M Nazriq
- Department of Materials Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Toyo K Yamada
- Department of Materials Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Molecular Chirality Research center, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Manuela Garnica
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto 'Nicolás Cabrera', Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Amadeo L Vázquez de Parga
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto 'Nicolás Cabrera', Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto 'Nicolás Cabrera', Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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5
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Cirera B, Gallego JM, Martínez JI, Miranda R, Écija D. Lanthanide-porphyrin species as Kondo irreversible switches through tip-induced coordination chemistry. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:8600-8606. [PMID: 33913939 PMCID: PMC8118200 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08992c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metallosupramolecular chemical protocols are applied to in situ design dysprosium porphyrin complexes on Au(111) by sequential deposition of 2H-4FTPP species and Dy, resulting in the production of premetallated Dy-2H-4FTPP, partially metallated Dy-1H-4FTPP and fully metallated Dy-0H-4FTPP complexes, as determined by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A zero bias resonance is found in the Dy-2H-4FTPP species which, upon study of its spatial distribution and behavior with temperature, is assigned to a Kondo resonance resulting from an unpaired spin in the molecular backbone, featuring a Kondo temperature (TK) of ≈ 21 K. Notably, the Kondo resonance can be switched off by removing one hydrogen atom of the macrocycle through tip-induced voltage pulses with submolecular precision. The species with this Kondo resonance can be laterally manipulated illustrating the potential to assemble artificial Kondo lattices. Our study demonstrates that the pre-metallation of macrocycles by lanthanides and their controlled manipulation is a novel strategy to engineer in situ tunable Kondo nanoarchitectures, enhancing the potential of coordination chemistry for spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Cirera
- IMDEA NanoscienceCantoblancoMadridSpain
| | - J. M. Gallego
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC)c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 328049 MadridSpain
| | - J. I. Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC)c/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 328049 MadridSpain
| | - R. Miranda
- IMDEA NanoscienceCantoblancoMadridSpain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de MadridCantoblancoMadridSpain
| | - D. Écija
- IMDEA NanoscienceCantoblancoMadridSpain
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6
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Aguilar-Galindo F, Borisov AG, Díaz-Tendero S. Ultrafast Dynamics of Electronic Resonances in Molecules Adsorbed on Metal Surfaces: A Wave Packet Propagation Approach. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:639-654. [PMID: 33508201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present a wave packet propagation-based method to study the electron dynamics in molecular species in the gas phase and adsorbed on metal surfaces. It is a very general method that can be employed to any system where the electron dynamics is dominated by an active electron and the coupling between the discrete and continuum electronic states is of importance. As an example, one can consider resonant molecule-surface electron transfer or molecular photoionization. Our approach is based on a computational strategy allowing incorporating ab initio inputs from quantum chemistry methods, such as density functional theory, Hartree-Fock, and coupled cluster. Thus, the electronic structure of the molecule is fully taken into account. The electron wave function is represented on a three-dimensional grid in spatial coordinates, and its temporal evolution is obtained from the solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. We illustrate our method with an example of the electron dynamics of anionic states localized on organic molecules adsorbed on metal surfaces. In particular, we study resonant charge transfer from the π* orbitals of three vinyl derivatives (acrylamide, acrylonitrile, and acrolein) adsorbed on a Cu(100) surface. Electron transfer between these lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals and the metal surface is extremely fast, leading to a decay of the population of the molecular anion on the femtosecond timescale. We detail how to analyze the time-dependent electronic wave function in order to obtain the relevant information on the system: the energies and lifetimes of the molecule-localized quasistationary states, their resonant wavefunctions, and the population decay channels. In particular, we demonstrate the effect of the electronic structure of the substrate on the energy and momentum distribution of the hot electrons injected into the metal by the decaying molecular resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Aguilar-Galindo
- Departmento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, Donostia-San Sebastián E-20018, Spain
| | - Andrey G Borisov
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, UMR 8214, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Sergio Díaz-Tendero
- Departmento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Science (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
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7
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Su G, Yang S, Li S, Butch CJ, Filimonov SN, Ren JC, Liu W. Switchable Schottky Contacts: Simultaneously Enhanced Output Current and Reduced Leakage Current. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:1628-1635. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guirong Su
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sha Yang
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Christopher J. Butch
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, Washington 98154, United States
- Earth Life Science Institute, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | | | - Ji-Chang Ren
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China
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8
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Navarro JJ, Pisarra M, Nieto-Ortega B, Villalva J, Ayani CG, Díaz C, Calleja F, Miranda R, Martín F, Pérez EM, Vázquez de Parga AL. Graphene catalyzes the reversible formation of a C-C bond between two molecules. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaau9366. [PMID: 30555920 PMCID: PMC6294602 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau9366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbon deposits are well-known inhibitors of transition metal catalysts. In contrast to this undesirable behavior, here we show that epitaxial graphene grown on Ru(0001) promotes the reversible formation of a C-C bond between -CH2CN and 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-p-quinodimethane (TCNQ). The catalytic role of graphene is multifaceted: First, it allows for an efficient charge transfer between the surface and the reactants, thus favoring changes in carbon hybridization; second, it holds the reactants in place and makes them reactive. The reaction is fully reversible by injecting electrons with an STM tip on the empty molecular orbitals of the product. The making and breaking of the C-C bond is accompanied by the switching off and on of a Kondo resonance, so that the system can be viewed as a reversible magnetic switch controlled by a chemical reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. J. Navarro
- Dep. Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Pisarra
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Dep. Química Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - B. Nieto-Ortega
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J. Villalva
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - C. G. Ayani
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - C. Díaz
- Dep. Química Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Calleja
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - R. Miranda
- Dep. Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - F. Martín
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Dep. Química Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - E. M. Pérez
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - A. L. Vázquez de Parga
- Dep. Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Wang X, Yang L, Ye L, Zheng X, Yan Y. Precise Control of Local Spin States in an Adsorbed Magnetic Molecule with an STM Tip: Theoretical Insights from First-Principles-Based Simulation. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:2418-2425. [PMID: 29685031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The precise tuning of local spin states in adsorbed organometallic molecules by a mechanically controlled scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip has become a focus of recent experiments. However, the underlying mechanisms remain somewhat unclear. We investigate theoretically the STM tip control of local spin states in a single iron(II) porphyrin molecule adsorbed on the Pb(111) substrate. A combined density functional theory and hierarchical equations of motion approach is employed to simulate the tip tuning process in conjunction with the complete active space self-consistent field method for accurate computation of magnetic anisotropy. Our first-principles-based simulation accurately reproduces the tuning of magnetic anisotropy realized in experiment. Moreover, we elucidate the evolution of geometric and electronic structures of the composite junction and disclose the delicate competition between the Kondo resonance and local spin excitation. The understanding and insight provided by the first-principles-based simulation may help to realize more fascinating quantum state manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale & Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Longqing Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale & Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - LvZhou Ye
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale & Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale & Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Institute of Applied Physics , Guizhou Normal College , Guiyang , Guizhou 550018 , China
| | - YiJing Yan
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale & iChEM , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230026 , China
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10
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Anomalous Kondo resonance mediated by semiconducting graphene nanoribbons in a molecular heterostructure. Nat Commun 2017; 8:946. [PMID: 29038513 PMCID: PMC5643342 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00881-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Kondo resonances in heterostructures formed by magnetic molecules on a metal require free host electrons to interact with the molecular spin and create delicate many-body states. Unlike graphene, semiconducting graphene nanoribbons do not have free electrons due to their large bandgaps, and thus they should electronically decouple molecules from the metal substrate. Here, we observe unusually well-defined Kondo resonances in magnetic molecules separated from a gold surface by graphene nanoribbons in vertically stacked heterostructures. Surprisingly, the strengths of Kondo resonances for the molecules on graphene nanoribbons appear nearly identical to those directly adsorbed on the top, bridge and threefold hollow sites of Au(111). This unexpectedly strong spin-coupling effect is further confirmed by density functional calculations that reveal no spin–electron interactions at this molecule-gold substrate separation if the graphene nanoribbons are absent. Our findings suggest graphene nanoribbons mediate effective spin coupling, opening a way for potential applications in spintronics. Semiconducting graphene nanoribbon provides a platform for band-gap engineering desired for electronic and optoelectronic applications. Here, Li et al. show that graphene nanoribbon can effectively mediate the interaction of molecular magnetic moment and electronic spin in underlying metallic substrates.
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11
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Wang Y, Li X, Zheng X, Yang J. Spin switch in iron phthalocyanine on Au(111) surface by hydrogen adsorption. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:134701. [PMID: 28987089 DOI: 10.1063/1.4996970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The manipulation of spin states at the molecular scale is of fundamental importance for the development of molecular spintronic devices. One of the feasible approaches for the modification of a molecular spin state is through the adsorption of certain specific atoms or molecules including H, NO, CO, NH3, and O2. In this paper, we demonstrate that the local spin state of an individual iron phthalocyanine (FePc) molecule adsorbed on an Au(111) surface exhibits controllable switching by hydrogen adsorption, as evidenced by using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. Our theoretical calculations indicate that different numbers of hydrogen adsorbed at the pyridinic N sites of the FePc molecule largely modify the structural and electronic properties of the FePc/Au(111) composite by forming extra N-H bonds. In particular, the adsorption of one or up to three hydrogen atoms induces a redistribution of charge (spin) density within the FePc molecule, and hence a switching to a low spin state (S = 1/2) from an intermediate spin state (S = 1) is achieved, while the adsorption of four hydrogen atoms distorts the molecular conformation by increasing Fe-N bond lengths in FePc and thus breaks the ligand field exerted on the Fe 3d orbitals via stronger hybridization with the substrate, leading to an opposite switching to a high-spin state (S = 2). These findings obtained from the theoretical simulations could be useful for experimental manipulation or design of single-molecule spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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12
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Kumar A, Banerjee K, Dvorak M, Schulz F, Harju A, Rinke P, Liljeroth P. Charge-Transfer-Driven Nonplanar Adsorption of F 4TCNQ Molecules on Epitaxial Graphene. ACS NANO 2017; 11:4960-4968. [PMID: 28467831 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b01599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
π-conjugated organic molecules tend to adsorb in a planar configuration on graphene irrespective of their charge state. In contrast, here we demonstrate charging-induced strong structural relaxation of tetrafluorotetracyanoquinodimethane (F4TCNQ) on epitaxial graphene on Ir(111) (G/Ir(111)). The work function modulation over the graphene moiré unit cell causes site-selective charging of F4TCNQ. Upon charging, the molecule anchors to the face-centered cubic sites of the G/Ir(111) moiré through one or two cyano groups. The reaction is reversible and can be triggered on a single molecule by moving it between different adsorption sites. We introduce a model taking into account the trade-off between tilt-induced charging and reduced van der Waals interactions, which provides a general framework for understanding charging-induced structural relaxation on weakly interacting substrates. In addition, we argue that the partial sp3 rehybridization of the underlying graphene and the possible bonding mechanism between the cyano groups and the graphene substrate are also relevant for the complete understanding of the experiments. These results provide insight into molecular charging on graphene, and they are directly relevant for potential device applications where the use of molecules has been suggested for doping and band structure engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Kumar
- Department of Applied Physics and ‡COMP/Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science , 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Kaustuv Banerjee
- Department of Applied Physics and ‡COMP/Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science , 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Marc Dvorak
- Department of Applied Physics and ‡COMP/Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science , 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Fabian Schulz
- Department of Applied Physics and ‡COMP/Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science , 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Ari Harju
- Department of Applied Physics and ‡COMP/Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science , 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Patrick Rinke
- Department of Applied Physics and ‡COMP/Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science , 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Peter Liljeroth
- Department of Applied Physics and ‡COMP/Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science , 00076 Aalto, Finland
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13
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Navarro JJ, Calleja F, Miranda R, Pérez EM, Vázquez de Parga AL. High yielding and extremely site-selective covalent functionalization of graphene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:10418-10421. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc04458e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gr/Ru(0001) can be functionalized covalently in high yield (92%) and selectivity (98%) with CH2CN˙ and increasing the sample temperature during functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jesús Navarro
- IMDEA Nanociencia
- Madrid
- Spain
- Dep. Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
| | | | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanociencia
- Madrid
- Spain
- Dep. Física de la Materia Condensada
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
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14
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Wang Y, Zheng X, Yang J. Kondo screening and spin excitation in few-layer CoPc molecular assembly stacking on Pb(111) surface: A DFT+HEOM study. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:154301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4964675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jinlong Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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15
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Navarro JJ, Leret S, Calleja F, Stradi D, Black A, Bernardo-Gavito R, Garnica M, Granados D, Vázquez de Parga AL, Pérez EM, Miranda R. Organic Covalent Patterning of Nanostructured Graphene with Selectivity at the Atomic Level. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:355-61. [PMID: 26624843 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Organic covalent functionalization of graphene with long-range periodicity is highly desirable-it is anticipated to provide control over its electronic, optical, or magnetic properties-and remarkably challenging. In this work we describe a method for the covalent modification of graphene with strict spatial periodicity at the nanometer scale. The periodic landscape is provided by a single monolayer of graphene grown on Ru(0001) that presents a moiré pattern due to the mismatch between the carbon and ruthenium hexagonal lattices. The moiré contains periodically arranged areas where the graphene-ruthenium interaction is enhanced and shows higher chemical reactivity. This phenomenon is demonstrated by the attachment of cyanomethyl radicals (CH2CN(•)) produced by homolytic breaking of acetonitrile (CH3CN), which is shown to present a nearly complete selectivity (>98%) binding covalently to graphene on specific atomic sites. This method can be extended to other organic nitriles, paving the way for the attachment of functional molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofía Leret
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabián Calleja
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniele Stradi
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Black
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Manuela Garnica
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Granados
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Emilio M Pérez
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
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16
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Stradi D, Garnica M, Díaz C, Calleja F, Barja S, Martín N, Alcamí M, Vazquez de Parga AL, Miranda R, Martín F. Controlling the spatial arrangement of organic magnetic anions adsorbed on epitaxial graphene on Ru(0001). NANOSCALE 2014; 6:15271-15279. [PMID: 25382549 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr02917h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Achieving control over the self-organization of functional molecules on graphene is critical for the development of graphene technology in organic electronic and spintronic. Here, by using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), we show that the electron acceptor molecule 7,7',8,8'-tetracyano-p-quinodimethane (TCNQ) and its fluorinated derivative 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7',8,8'-tetracyano-p-quinodimethane (F4-TCNQ), co-deposited on the surface of epitaxial graphene on Ru(0001), transform spontaneously into their corresponding magnetic anions and self-organize in two remarkably different structures. TCNQ forms densely packed linear magnetic arrays, while F4-TCNQ molecules remain as isolated non interacting magnets. With the help of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we trace back the origin of this behavior in the competition between the intermolecular repulsion experienced by the individual charged anions, which tends to separate the molecules, and the delocalization of the electrons transferred from the surface to the molecules, which promotes the formation of molecular oligomers. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to control the spatial arrangement of organic magnetic anions co-adsorbed on a surface by means of chemical substitution, paving the way for the design of two-dimensional fully organic magnetic structures on graphene and on other surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Stradi
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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