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Pasdaran A, Grice ID, Hamedi A. A review of natural products and small-molecule therapeutics acting on central nervous system malignancies: Approaches for drug development, targeting pathways, clinical trials, and challenges. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22180. [PMID: 38680103 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
In 2021, the World Health Organization released the fifth edition of the central nervous system (CNS) tumor classification. This classification uses histopathology and molecular pathogenesis to group tumors into more biologically and molecularly defined entities. The prognosis of brain cancer, particularly malignant tumors, has remained poor worldwide, approximately 308,102 new cases of brain and other CNS tumors were diagnosed in the year 2020, with an estimated 251,329 deaths. The cost and time-consuming nature of studies to find new anticancer agents makes it necessary to have well-designed studies. In the present study, the pathways that can be targeted for drug development are discussed in detail. Some of the important cellular origins, signaling, and pathways involved in the efficacy of bioactive molecules against CNS tumorigenesis or progression, as well as prognosis and common approaches for treatment of different types of brain tumors, are reviewed. Moreover, different study tools, including cell lines, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trial challenges, are discussed. In addition, in this article, natural products as one of the most important sources for finding new chemotherapeutics were reviewed and over 700 reported molecules with efficacy against CNS cancer cells are gathered and classified according to their structure. Based on the clinical trials that have been registered, very few of these natural or semi-synthetic derivatives have been studied in humans. The review can help researchers understand the involved mechanisms and design new goal-oriented studies for drug development against CNS malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardalan Pasdaran
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Irwin Darren Grice
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Azadeh Hamedi
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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2
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McNulty J, Babu-Dokuburra C, Scattolon J, Zepeda-Velazquez C, Wesesky MA, Caldwell JK, Zheng W, Milosevic J, Kinchington PR, Bloom DC, Nimgaonkar VL, D'Aiuto L. Truncated ring-A amaryllidaceae alkaloid modulates the host cell integrated stress response, exhibiting antiviral activity to HSV-1 and SARSCoV-2. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1639. [PMID: 36717567 PMCID: PMC9885069 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28691-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The total synthesis of four novel mono-methoxy and hydroxyl substituted ring-A dihydronarciclasine derivatives enabled identification of the 7-hydroxyl derivative as a potent and selective antiviral agent targeting SARSCoV-2 and HSV-1. The concentration of this small molecule that inhibited HSV-1 infection by 50% (IC50), determined by using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPCS)-derived brain organ organoids generated from two iPCS lines, was estimated to be 0.504 µM and 0.209 µM. No significant reduction in organoid viability was observed at concentrations up to 50 mM. Genomic expression analyses revealed a significant effect on host-cell innate immunity, revealing activation of the integrated stress response via PERK kinase upregulation, phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) and type I IFN, as factors potentiating multiple host-defense mechanisms against viral infection. Following infection of mouse eyes with HSV-1, treatment with the compound dramatically reduced HSV-1 shedding in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- James McNulty
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - Chanti Babu-Dokuburra
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Jon Scattolon
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Carlos Zepeda-Velazquez
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Maribeth A Wesesky
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jill K Caldwell
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Wenxiao Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Second Xiangya Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jadranka Milosevic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Captis Diagnostics Inc, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paul R Kinchington
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David C Bloom
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Vishwajit L Nimgaonkar
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Veterans Administration Pittsburgh Healthcare System, 4100 Allequippa St (University Drive C), Pittsburgh, PA, 15240, USA
| | - Leonardo D'Aiuto
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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Lv C, Huang Y, Huang R, Wang Q, Zhang H, Jin J, Lu D, Zhou Y, Shen Y, Zhang W, Luan X, Liu S. Narciclasine targets STAT3 via distinct mechanisms in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:340-354. [PMID: 35118192 PMCID: PMC8783118 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
STAT3 is constitutively activated in multiple malignant tumors. Compared with regular estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers, the patients with tamoxifen-resistant breast cancers often exhibit higher levels of STAT3 phosphorylation. Narciclasine (Nar) possesses strong inhibiting effects against a variety of cancer cells; however, the underlying antitumor target(s)/mechanism(s) remains barely understood. In this study, we successfully identified the STAT3 was the direct target of Nar through the combination strategies of connectivity map and drug affinity responsive target stability. In MCF7 cells, Nar could suppress phosphorylation, activation, dimerization, and nuclear translocation of STAT3 by directly binding with the STAT3 SH2 domain. In addition, Nar could specifically degrade total STAT3 via the proteasome pathway in MCF-7/TR (tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7) cells. This distinct mechanism of Nar-targeting STAT3 was mainly attributed to the various levels of reactive oxygen species in regular and tamoxifen-resistant ER-positive breast cancer cells. Meanwhile, Nar-loaded nanoparticles could markedly decrease the protein levels of STAT3 in tumors, resulting in significantly increased MCF-7/TR xenograft tumor regression without obvious toxicity. Our findings successfully highlight the STAT3 as the direct therapeutic target of Nar in ER-positive breast cancer cells, especially, Nar leaded STAT3 degradation as a promising strategy for the tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lv
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jinmei Jin
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dong Lu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yudong Zhou
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Liberal Arts, University of Mississippi, MS 38677-1848 USA
| | - Yunheng Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xin Luan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Sanhong Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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de Castro Barbosa E, Alves TMA, Kohlhoff M, Jangola STG, Pires DEV, Figueiredo ACC, Alves ÉAR, Calzavara-Silva CE, Sobral M, Kroon EG, Rosa LH, Zani CL, de Oliveira JG. Searching for plant-derived antivirals against dengue virus and Zika virus. Virol J 2022; 19:31. [PMID: 35193667 PMCID: PMC8861615 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01751-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The worldwide epidemics of diseases as dengue and Zika have triggered an intense effort to repurpose drugs and search for novel antivirals to treat patients as no approved drugs for these diseases are currently available. Our aim was to screen plant-derived extracts to identify and isolate compounds with antiviral properties against dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV).
Methods Seven thousand plant extracts were screened in vitro for their antiviral properties against DENV-2 and ZIKV by their viral cytopathic effect reduction followed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method, previously validated for this purpose. Selected extracts were submitted to bioactivity-guided fractionation using high- and ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography. In parallel, high-resolution mass spectrometric data (MSn) were collected from each fraction, allowing compounds into the active fractions to be tracked in subsequent fractionation procedures. The virucidal activity of extracts and compounds was assessed by using the plaque reduction assay. EC50 and CC50 were determined by dose response experiments, and the ratio (EC50/CC50) was used as a selectivity index (SI) to measure the antiviral vs. cytotoxic activity. Purified compounds were used in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to identify their chemical structures. Two compounds were associated in different proportions and submitted to bioassays against both viruses to investigate possible synergy. In silico prediction of the pharmacokinetic and toxicity (ADMET) properties of the antiviral compounds were calculated using the pkCSM platform. Results We detected antiviral activity against DENV-2 and ZIKV in 21 extracts obtained from 15 plant species. Hippeastrum (Amaryllidaceae) was the most represented genus, affording seven active extracts. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of several extracts led to the purification of lycorine, pretazettine, narciclasine, and narciclasine-4-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (NXP). Another 16 compounds were identified in active fractions. Association of lycorine and pretazettine did not improve their antiviral activity against DENV-2 and neither to ZIKV. ADMET prediction suggested that these four compounds may have a good metabolism and no mutagenic toxicity. Predicted oral absorption, distribution, and excretion parameters of lycorine and pretazettine indicate them as candidates to be tested in animal models. Conclusions Our results showed that plant extracts, especially those from the Hippeastrum genus, can be a valuable source of antiviral compounds against ZIKV and DENV-2. The majority of compounds identified have never been previously described for their activity against ZIKV and other viruses. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12985-022-01751-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emerson de Castro Barbosa
- Instituto René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brasil
| | - Tânia Maria Almeida Alves
- Instituto René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brasil
| | - Markus Kohlhoff
- Instituto René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brasil
| | - Soraya Torres Gaze Jangola
- Instituto René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brasil
| | - Douglas Eduardo Valente Pires
- Instituto René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brasil.,School of Computing and Information Systems, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Anna Carolina Cançado Figueiredo
- Instituto René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brasil
| | - Érica Alessandra Rocha Alves
- Instituto René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brasil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Calzavara-Silva
- Instituto René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brasil
| | - Marcos Sobral
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco - Praça Dom Helvécio, 74, São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, 36301-160, Brasil
| | - Erna Geessien Kroon
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brasil
| | - Luiz Henrique Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brasil
| | - Carlos Leomar Zani
- Instituto René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brasil.
| | - Jaquelline Germano de Oliveira
- Instituto René Rachou - Fiocruz Minas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 30190-002, Brasil.
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5
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Berlinck RGS, Crnkovic CM, Gubiani JR, Bernardi DI, Ióca LP, Quintana-Bulla JI. The isolation of water-soluble natural products - challenges, strategies and perspectives. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 39:596-669. [PMID: 34647117 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00037c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Covering period: up to 2019Water-soluble natural products constitute a relevant group of secondary metabolites notably known for presenting potent biological activities. Examples are aminoglycosides, β-lactam antibiotics, saponins of both terrestrial and marine origin, and marine toxins. Although extensively investigated in the past, particularly during the golden age of antibiotics, hydrophilic fractions have been less scrutinized during the last few decades. This review addresses the possible reasons on why water-soluble metabolites are now under investigated and describes approaches and strategies for the isolation of these natural compounds. It presents examples of several classes of hydrosoluble natural products and how they have been isolated. Novel stationary phases and chromatography techniques are also reviewed, providing a perspective towards a renaissance in the investigation of water-soluble natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto G S Berlinck
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Camila M Crnkovic
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana R Gubiani
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Darlon I Bernardi
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Laura P Ióca
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Jairo I Quintana-Bulla
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Cahlíková L, Breiterová K, Opletal L. Chemistry and Biological Activity of Alkaloids from the Genus Lycoris (Amaryllidaceae). Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204797. [PMID: 33086636 PMCID: PMC7587589 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycoris Herbert, family Amaryllidaceae, is a small genus of about 20 species that are native to the warm temperate woodlands of eastern Asia, as in China, Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and the Himalayas. For many years, species of Lycoris have been subjected to extensive phytochemical and pharmacological investigations, resulting in either the isolation or identification of more than 110 Amaryllidaceae alkaloids belonging to different structural types. Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are frequently studied for their interesting biological properties, including antiviral, antibacterial, antitumor, antifungal, antimalarial, analgesic, cytotoxic, and cholinesterase inhibition activities. The present review aims to summarize comprehensively the research that has been reported on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Lycoris.
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7
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Nair JJ, van Staden J. Insight to the antifungal properties of Amaryllidaceae constituents. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 73:152753. [PMID: 30773353 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fungal pathogenesis continues to be a burden to healthcare structures in both developed and developing nations. The gradual and irreversible loss of efficacies of existing antifungal medicines as well as the emergence of drug-resistant strains have contributed largely to this scenario. There is therefore a pressing need for new drugs from diverse structural backgrounds with improved potencies and novel modes of action to fortify or replace contemporary antifungal schedules. AIM Alkaloids of the plant family Amaryllidaceae exhibit good growth inhibitory activities against several fungal pathogens. This review focuses on the mechanistic aspects of these antifungal activities. It achieves this by highlighting the molecular targets as well as structural features of Amaryllidaceae constituents which serve to enhance such action. METHODS During the information gathering stage extensive use was made of the three database platforms; Google Scholar, SciFinder and Scopus. In most instances articles were accessed directly from journals licensed to the University of KwaZulu-Natal. In the absence of such proprietary agreements the respective corresponding authors were approached directly for copies of papers. RESULTS Although several classes of molecules from the Amaryllidaceae have been probed for their antifungal effects, it is the key constituents lycorine and narciclasine which have together afforded the most profound mechanistic insights. These may be summarized as follows: (i) effects on the fungal cell wall and cell membrane; (ii) effects on morphology such as budding and hyphal growth; (iii) effects on fungal organelles such as ribosomes; (iv) effects on macromolecules such as DNA, RNA and proteins and; (v) identification of the active sites for these constituents. CONCLUSION The key feature in the antifungal effects of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids is the inhibition of protein synthesis. This involved the inhibition of peptide bond formation by binding to yeast ribosomes via the 60S subunit. Related effects involved the inhibition of both DNA and RNA synthesis. These adverse effects were reflected morphologically on both the fungal cell wall and cell membrane. Such observations should prove useful in the chemotherapeutic arena should efforts shift towards the development of a clinical candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerald J Nair
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - Johannes van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa.
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Yan X, Zhao P, Liang H, Xie H, Jiang J, Gou S, Wang J. Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Asymmetric C–H Activation of N-Methoxybenzamide with Quinone and Its Application in the Asymmetric Synthesis of a Dihydrolycoricidine Analogue. Org Lett 2020; 22:3219-3223. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xie
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jijun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Shaohua Gou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Lab of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P. R. China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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9
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Pagning ALN, Tamokou JDD, Muhammad BT, Ngnokam D, AzefackTapondjou L, Ali MS, Hameed MW. Potential anti-proliferative effects of chemical constituents and hemisynthetic derivatives from Scadoxus pseudocaulus ( Amarillydaceae). Afr Health Sci 2020; 20:469-475. [PMID: 33402935 PMCID: PMC7750053 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v20i1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biological significance of Amaryllidaceae is well advocated from the literature. In Cameroon, plants from this family are routinely used for the cure of liver, cancer and cardiovascular diseases. To date, no scientific investigation corresponding to the anti-cancer activity of extracts and isolated compounds of Scadoxus pseudocaulus is available. Objective Current study is focused to elaborate the anti-proliferative effects of natural isolates (compounds 1–6, 9) and hemi-synthetic analogs (compounds 7–8) extracted from S. pseudocaulu. Methods Column chromatography of the ethyl acetate extract followed by purification of different fractions led to the isolation of seven compounds (1 – 6, 9). Esterification reaction of compound 6 was carried out using butyroyl chlorides and triethylamin to produce two derivatives (7 – 8). The cytotoxic activity was performed after staining of treated cells with florescent dye propidium iodide. Dead cells were detected using cytometer FL2 or FL3 channels/filters. Results Trans-derivative of narciclasine (a natural isolate from S. pseudocaulus), was found to be most potent among all tested compounds. Its effects were more significant on low malignant follicular lymphoma (DoHH2 cells) as compared to highly malignant (EBV infected) Burkitts lymphoma (Raji cells). Conclusion From our results, narciclasine appears to hold the potential of a lead molecule that can be used to bridge the therapeutic gaps in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Laure Ngankeu Pagning
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P O Box 183, Dschang, Cameroon
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Jean-de-Dieu Tamokou
- Research Unit of Microbiology and antimicrobial Substances, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, PO Box 067 Dschang, Republic of Cameroon
| | - Bushra Taj Muhammad
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - David Ngnokam
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P O Box 183, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Leon AzefackTapondjou
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P O Box 183, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Mohammad Shaiq Ali
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Waqar Hameed
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
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10
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Advances in the Asymmetric Total Synthesis of Natural Products Using Chiral Secondary Amine Catalyzed Reactions of α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24183412. [PMID: 31546876 PMCID: PMC6767148 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24183412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chirality is one of the most important attributes for its presence in a vast majority of bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals. Asymmetric organocatalysis methods have emerged as a powerful methodology for the construction of highly enantioenriched structural skeletons of the target molecules. Due to their extensive application of organocatalysis in the total synthesis of bioactive molecules and some of them have been used in the industrial synthesis of drugs have attracted increasing interests from chemists. Among the chiral organocatalysts, chiral secondary amines (MacMillan’s catalyst and Jorgensen’s catalyst) have been especially considered attractive strategies because of their impressive efficiency. Herein, we outline advances in the asymmetric total synthesis of natural products and relevant drugs by using the strategy of chiral secondary amine catalyzed reactions of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes in the last eighteen years.
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11
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Elgorashi EE. Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of the Family Amaryllidaceae: An Overview of Research at RCPGD. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19872929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Professor Johannes van Staden, Director of the Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development-University of KwaZulu Natal, conducts research in the field of plant physiology, biotechnology, and ethnomedicine. The research span over a wide range of plant families growing in the southern African region. The plant family Amaryllidaceae, known for its ornamental and pharmacological values, received much attention by his research group. This review covers research conducted by his group on the chemistry of some members of Amaryllidaceae and biological activities of their constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esam E. Elgorashi
- Toxicology & Ethnoveterinary Medicine, ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort, South Africa
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Ondertepoort, South Africa
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12
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Bräutigam J, Bischoff I, Schürmann C, Buchmann G, Epah J, Fuchs S, Heiss E, Brandes RP, Fürst R. Narciclasine inhibits angiogenic processes by activation of Rho kinase and by downregulation of the VEGF receptor 2. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2019; 135:97-108. [PMID: 31381906 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The process of angiogenesis is involved in several pathological conditions, such as tumor growth or age-related macular degeneration. Although the available anti-angiogenic drugs have improved the therapy of these diseases, major drawbacks, such as unwanted side effects and resistances, still exist. Consequently, the search for new anti-angiogenic substances is still ongoing. Narciclasine, a plant alkaloid from different members of the Amaryllidaceae family, has extensively been characterized as anti-tumor compound. Beyond the field of cancer, the compound has recently been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties. Surprisingly, potential actions of narciclasine on endothelial cells in the context of angiogenesis have been neglected so far. Thus, we aimed to analyze the effects of narciclasine on angiogenic processes in vitro and in vivo and to elucidate the underlying mechanism. Narciclasine (100-300 nM) effectively inhibited the proliferation, undirected and directed migration, network formation and angiogenic sprouting of human primary endothelial cells. Moreover, narciclasine (1 mg/kg/day) strongly reduced the VEGF-triggered angiogenesis in vivo (Matrigel plug assay in mice). Narciclasine mediated its anti-angiogenic effects in part by a RhoA-independent activation of the Rho kinase ROCK. Most importantly, however, the compound reduced the de novo protein synthesis in endothelial cells by approx. 50% without exhibiting considerable cytotoxic effects. As a consequence, narciclasine diminished the presence of proteins with a short half-life, such as the VEGF receptor 2, which is the basis for its anti-angiogenic effects. Taken together, our study highlights narciclasine as an interesting anti-angiogenic compound that is worth to be further evaluated in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Bräutigam
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Iris Bischoff
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Schürmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Giulia Buchmann
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jeremy Epah
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Simone Fuchs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Elke Heiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Robert Fürst
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
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13
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Varró G, Pálchuber P, Pogrányi B, Simon A, Hegedűs L, Kádas I. (±)-trans-Dihydronarciclasine and (±)-trans-dihydrolycoricidine analogues modified in their ring A: Evaluation of their anticancer activity and a SAR study. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 173:76-89. [PMID: 30986573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A series of (±)-trans-dihydronarciclasine and (±)-trans-dihydrolycoricidine derivatives with variously substituted ring A was synthesised and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against 60 human tumour cell lines (NCI60), representing leukemia, melanoma, and cancers of the lung, colon, brain, ovary, breast, prostate, as well as kidney in vitro. Among the 13 alkaloids screened, (±)-trans-dihydronarciclasine showed the highest potency as a cytotoxic molecule. A structure-activity relationship (SAR) study indicated that the presence of a hydroxy group at position 7 and a rigid, 1,3-benzodioxole scaffold were essential for the antiproliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Varró
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary; Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út 19-21, H-1103, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Pálchuber
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Pogrányi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Simon
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szt. Gellért tér 4, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hegedűs
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Kádas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, H-1111, Budapest, Hungary.
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14
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Yin S, Qiu Y, Jin C, Wang R, Wu S, Liu H, Koo S, Han L, Zhang Y, Gao X, Pang X, Wang T, Yu H. 7‐Deoxynarciclasine shows promising antitumor efficacy by targeting Akt against hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:3334-3346. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Yin
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- School of PharmacyTianjin Medical University Tianjin China
| | - Chengyun Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of State Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Henan province for Drug Quality Control and EvaluationZhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Rui Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Song Wu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Sangho Koo
- Department of ChemistryMyongji University Seoul South Korea
| | - Lifeng Han
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Xiumei Gao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Xu Pang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese MedicineTianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Tianjin China
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15
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Reyes-Rodríguez GJ, Rezayee NM, Vidal-Albalat A, Jørgensen KA. Prevalence of Diarylprolinol Silyl Ethers as Catalysts in Total Synthesis and Patents. Chem Rev 2019; 119:4221-4260. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nomaan M. Rezayee
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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16
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Bingham TW, Hernandez LW, Olson DG, Svec RL, Hergenrother PJ, Sarlah D. Enantioselective Synthesis of Isocarbostyril Alkaloids and Analogs Using Catalytic Dearomative Functionalization of Benzene. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:657-670. [PMID: 30520639 PMCID: PMC6488038 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Enantioselective total syntheses of the anticancer isocarbostyril alkaloids (+)-7-deoxypancratistatin, (+)-pancratistatin, (+)-lycoricidine, and (+)-narciclasine are described. Our strategy for accessing this unique class of natural products is based on the development of a Ni-catalyzed dearomative trans-1,2-carboamination of benzene. The effectiveness of this dearomatization approach is notable, as only two additional olefin functionalizations are needed to construct the fully decorated aminocyclitol cores of these alkaloids. Installation of the lactam ring has been achieved through several pathways and a direct interconversion between natural products was established via a late-stage C-7 cupration. Using this synthetic blueprint, we were able to produce natural products on a gram scale and provide tailored analogs with improved activity, solubility, and metabolic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner W. Bingham
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Lucas W. Hernandez
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Daniel G. Olson
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Riley L. Svec
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Paul J. Hergenrother
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - David Sarlah
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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17
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Varró G, Pogrányi B, Grün A, Simon A, Hegedűs L, Kádas I. Stereoselective synthesis of trans-dihydronarciclasine derivatives containing a 1,4-benzodioxane moiety. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018; 149:2265-2285. [PMID: 32214482 PMCID: PMC7087796 DOI: 10.1007/s00706-018-2287-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Some new trans-dihydronarciclasine derivatives containing a 1,4-benzodioxane moiety were stereoselectively synthesised using our feasible and efficient method developed recently. These new phenanthridone alkaloid analogues were obtained in both racemic and optically active forms. High enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee) were achieved by applying (8S,9S)-9-amino(9-deoxy)epiquinine as an organocatalyst. Due to a side reaction, various methoxyphenanthridine regioisomers were also prepared which afforded further synthetic trans-dihydronarciclasine analogues modified in the ring A of the phenanthridone scaffold. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Varró
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, Budapest, 1111 Hungary
- Gedeon Richter Plc., Gyömrői út 19-21, Budapest, 1103 Hungary
| | - Balázs Pogrányi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, Budapest, 1111 Hungary
| | - Alajos Grün
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, Budapest, 1111 Hungary
| | - András Simon
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szt. Gellért tér 4, Budapest, 1111 Hungary
| | - László Hegedűs
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, Budapest, 1111 Hungary
| | - István Kádas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki út 8, Budapest, 1111 Hungary
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18
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Brown C, Kong T, Britten JF, Werstiuk NH, McNulty J, D’Aiuto L, Demers M, Nimgaonkar VL. Asymmetric Entry into 10 b-aza-Analogues of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids Reveals a Pronounced Electronic Effect on Antiviral Activity. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:11469-11476. [PMID: 30320263 PMCID: PMC6173499 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Development of a chiral pool-based synthesis of 10b-aza-analogues of biologically active Amaryllidaceae alkaloids is described, involving a concise reductive amination and condensation sequence, leading to ring-B/C-modified, fully functionalized ring-C derivatives. Differentiated anticancer and antiviral activities of these analogues are presented. Despite complete conformational and functional group overlap, the 10b-aza-analogues have diminished anticancer activity and no antiviral activity. These unprecedented electronic effects suggest a possible role for π-type secondary orbital interactions with the biological target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla
E. Brown
- Department
of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Tiffany Kong
- Department
of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - James F. Britten
- Department
of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Nick H. Werstiuk
- Department
of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - James McNulty
- Department
of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster
University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M1, Canada
| | - Leonardo D’Aiuto
- Department
of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, 3811
O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Matthew Demers
- Department
of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, 3811
O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Vishwajit L. Nimgaonkar
- Department
of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh
School of Medicine, 3811
O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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19
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20
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Hernandez LW, Pospech J, Klöckner U, Bingham TW, Sarlah D. Synthesis of (+)-Pancratistatins via Catalytic Desymmetrization of Benzene. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15656-15659. [PMID: 29059521 PMCID: PMC5960067 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b10351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A concise synthesis of (+)-pancratistatin and (+)-7-deoxypancratistatin from benzene using an enantioselective, dearomative carboamination strategy has been achieved. This approach, in combination with the judicious choice of subsequent olefin-type difunctionalization reactions, permits rapid and controlled access to a hexasubstituted core. Finally, minimal use of intermediary steps as well as direct, late stage C-7 hydroxylation provides both natural products in six and seven operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas W. Hernandez
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jola Pospech
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ulrich Klöckner
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Tanner W. Bingham
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - David Sarlah
- Roger Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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21
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Varró G, Hegedűs L, Simon A, Balogh A, Grün A, Leveles I, Vértessy BG, Kádas I. The First Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (-)-trans-Dihydronarciclasine. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:1909-1917. [PMID: 28581297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A feasible and enantioselective total synthesis of (-)-trans-dihydronarciclasine [(-)-1], a highly biologically active alkaloid, was devised starting from vanillin (8). The key step of this new synthesis was an asymmetric, organocatalytic Michael addition, in which an optically active nitropentanone [(-)-13] was obtained from a butenone derivative (12). Excellent enantioselectivity (>99% ee) was achieved using the (8S,9S)-9-amino(9-deoxy)epiquinine (16) organocatalyst. The target molecule can be prepared in 13 steps from compound (-)-13. The total synthesis has provided a facile and first access to the ent-form of naturally occurring (+)-trans-dihydronarciclasine, a highly potent cytostatic alkaloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Varró
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hegedűs
- MTA-BME Organic Chemical Technology Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Simon
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Szt. Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Balogh
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alajos Grün
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ibolya Leveles
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Szt. Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta G Vértessy
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Szt. Gellért tér 4, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Kádas
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics , Budafoki út 8, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
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Fernandes RA, Kattanguru P, Gholap SP, Chaudhari DA. Recent advances in the Overman rearrangement: synthesis of natural products and valuable compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:2672-2710. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02625g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This review documents the reports since 2005 on the Overman rearrangement, an important C–N bond forming reaction that has been profoundly used in the synthesis of natural products, synthetic intermediates, building blocks and valuable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney A. Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
| | - Pullaiah Kattanguru
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
| | - Sachin P. Gholap
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
| | - Dipali A. Chaudhari
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai 400076
- India
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23
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Ding Y, Qu D, Zhang KM, Cang XX, Kou ZN, Xiao W, Zhu JB. Phytochemical and biological investigations of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids: a review. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2017; 19:53-100. [PMID: 27406068 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2016.1198332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Amaryllidaceae is a family that includes 75 genera and about 1100 species, which have a long history of medicinal use. Many plants have been proven to possess efficacy for neurological injury and inflammatory conditions. This article summarizes 357 Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, and cites 166 174 references over the last three decades. These alkaloids are classified into 14 skeleton types, and their abundant sources are also included. Modern pharmacology studies demonstrate that alkaloids that exclusively occur in Amaryllidaceae plant possess wide-ranging pharmacological actions, especially effects on the central nervous system, as well as antitumor, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Effective monomeric compounds from Amaryllidaceae screened for pharmacological activity in vivo and in vitro are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ding
- a School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , China
- b Institute of Chemistry and Applications of Plant Resources, Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , China
| | - Dan Qu
- a School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , China
| | - Kai-Mei Zhang
- a School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , China
| | - Xiao-Xin Cang
- a School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , China
| | - Zi-Nong Kou
- c Instrumental Analysis Center, Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , China
| | - Wei Xiao
- d Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd , Lianyungang 222001 , China
| | - Jing-Bo Zhu
- a School of Food Science and Technology , Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , China
- b Institute of Chemistry and Applications of Plant Resources, Dalian Polytechnic University , Dalian 116034 , China
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24
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Revu O, Zepeda-Velázquez C, Nielsen AJ, McNulty J, Yolken RH, Jones-Brando L. Total Synthesis of the Natural Product (+)-trans-Dihydronarciclasine via an Asymmetric Organocatalytic [3+3]-Cycloaddition and discovery of its potent anti-Zika Virus (ZIKV) Activity. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omkar Revu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical-Biology; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, ON L8S 4 M1 Canada
| | - Carlos Zepeda-Velázquez
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical-Biology; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, ON L8S 4 M1 Canada
| | - Alex J. Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical-Biology; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, ON L8S 4 M1 Canada
| | - James McNulty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical-Biology; McMaster University; 1280 Main Street West Hamilton, ON L8S 4 M1 Canada
| | - Robert H. Yolken
- Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; 600 North Wolfe Street Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Lorraine Jones-Brando
- Stanley Division of Developmental Neurovirology; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; 600 North Wolfe Street Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
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25
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Yun YS, Tajima M, Takahashi S, Takahashi Y, Umemura M, Nakano H, Park HS, Inoue H. Two Alkaloids from Bulbs ofLycoris sanguineaMAXIM.Suppress PEPCK Expression by Inhibiting the Phosphorylation of CREB. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1689-1695. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Young Sook Yun
- School of Life Sciences; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Miki Tajima
- School of Life Sciences; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Shigeru Takahashi
- School of Life Sciences; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Yuji Takahashi
- School of Life Sciences; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Mariko Umemura
- School of Life Sciences; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Haruo Nakano
- School of Life Sciences; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Hyun Sun Park
- The Kochi Prefectural Makino Botanical Garden; Kochi City Kochi Prefecture 781-8125 Japan
- School of Pharmacy; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
| | - Hideshi Inoue
- School of Life Sciences; Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences; Hachioji Tokyo 192-0392 Japan
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26
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Varró G, Hegedűs L, Simon A, Kádas I. An efficient stereoselective total synthesis of (±)-trans-dihydronarciclasine. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.02.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ghavre M, Froese J, Pour M, Hudlicky T. Synthesis of Amaryllidaceae Constituents and Unnatural Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5642-91. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201508227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mukund Ghavre
- Chemistry Department and Centre for Biotechnology Brock University 1812 Sir Isaac Brock way St. Catharines ON L2S 3A1 Canada
| | - Jordan Froese
- Chemistry Department and Centre for Biotechnology Brock University 1812 Sir Isaac Brock way St. Catharines ON L2S 3A1 Canada
| | - Milan Pour
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Charles University Heyrovského 1203 CZ-500 03 Hradec Králové Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Hudlicky
- Chemistry Department and Centre for Biotechnology Brock University 1812 Sir Isaac Brock way St. Catharines ON L2S 3A1 Canada
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Ghavre M, Froese J, Pour M, Hudlicky T. Synthese von Inhaltsstoffen der Amaryllisgewächse und nichtnatürlichen Derivaten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201508227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mukund Ghavre
- Chemistry Department and Centre for Biotechnology Brock University 1812 Sir Isaac Brock way St. Catharines ON L2S 3A1 Kanada
| | - Jordan Froese
- Chemistry Department and Centre for Biotechnology Brock University 1812 Sir Isaac Brock way St. Catharines ON L2S 3A1 Kanada
| | - Milan Pour
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Charles University Heyrovského 1203 CZ-500 03 Hradec Králové Tschechische Republik
| | - Tomas Hudlicky
- Chemistry Department and Centre for Biotechnology Brock University 1812 Sir Isaac Brock way St. Catharines ON L2S 3A1 Kanada
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Kato M, Yasui K, Yamanaka M, Nagasawa K. Synthesis of (+)-trans-Dihydrolycoricidine by an Organocatalytic Enantioselective Friedel-Crafts Reaction. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201500469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Kato
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Faculty of Technology; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan), Fax
| | - Koji Yasui
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Faculty of Technology; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan), Fax
| | - Masahiro Yamanaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Rikkyo University; 3-34-1, Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku 171-8501 Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazuo Nagasawa
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Faculty of Technology; Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology; 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei Tokyo 184-8588 Japan), Fax
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Nair JJ, Van Staden J, Bastida J. Cytotoxic Alkaloid Constituents of the Amaryllidaceae. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63601-0.00003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Ncube B, Van Staden J. Tilting Plant Metabolism for Improved Metabolite Biosynthesis and Enhanced Human Benefit. Molecules 2015; 20:12698-731. [PMID: 26184148 PMCID: PMC6331799 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200712698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The immense chemical diversity of plant-derived secondary metabolites coupled with their vast array of biological functions has seen this group of compounds attract considerable research interest across a range of research disciplines. Medicinal and aromatic plants, in particular, have been exploited for this biogenic pool of phytochemicals for products such as pharmaceuticals, fragrances, dyes, and insecticides, among others. With consumers showing increasing interests in these products, innovative biotechnological techniques are being developed and employed to alter plant secondary metabolism in efforts to improve on the quality and quantity of specific metabolites of interest. This review provides an overview of the biosynthesis for phytochemical compounds with medicinal and other related properties and their associated biological activities. It also provides an insight into how their biosynthesis/biosynthetic pathways have been modified/altered to enhance production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhekumthetho Ncube
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa.
| | - Johannes Van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa.
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Pd-catalyzed asymmetric allylic amination with BOP ligands and its applications to the synthesis of fused polycyclic alkaloids. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Hahn R, Jafari E, Raabe G, Enders D. Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Dihydroisoquinolinones via a One-Pot Aza-Henry-Hemiaminalization-Oxidation Sequence. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2015; 47:472-480. [PMID: 26722132 PMCID: PMC4693956 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1379398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric organocatalytic one-pot synthesis of trans-3,4-disubstituted 3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-1(2H)-ones is described. Starting from 2-(nitromethyl)benzaldehydes and various N-protected aldimines, 5 mol% of a quinine-based squaramide organocatalyst was used to synthesize the title compounds as virtually single diastereomers via an aza-Henry-hemiaminalization-oxidation sequence. Moderate to good yields (39-78%) and moderate to very good enantioselectivities (40-95% ee) were reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ehsan Jafari
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Raabe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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McNulty J, Zepeda-Velázquez C. Enantioselective Organocatalytic Michael/Aldol Sequence: Anticancer Natural Product (+)-trans-Dihydrolycoricidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8450-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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McNulty J, Zepeda-Velázquez C. Enantioselective Organocatalytic Michael/Aldol Sequence: Anticancer Natural Product (+)-trans-Dihydrolycoricidine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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36
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Subramaniam S, Sundarasekar J, Sahgal G, Murugaiyah V. Comparative analysis of lycorine in wild plant and callus culture samples of Hymenocallis littoralis by HPLC-UV method. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:408306. [PMID: 24895650 PMCID: PMC4033353 DOI: 10.1155/2014/408306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hymenocallis littoralis, an ornamental and medicinal plant, had been traditionally used for wound healing. In the present study, an analytical method using HPLC with ultraviolet detection was developed for the quantification of lycorine in the extracts of different parts of wild plant and tissue culture samples of H. littoralis. The separation was achieved using a reversed-phase column. The method was found to be accurate, repeatable, and sensitive for the quantification of minute amount of lycorine present in the samples. The highest lycorine content was found in the bulb extract (2.54 ± 0.02 μg/mg) whereas the least was in the root extract (0.71 ± 0.02 μg/mg) of the wild plants. Few callus culture samples had high content of lycorine, comparable to that of wild plants. The results showed that plant growth regulators, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) alone at 4.5 μM (2.58 ± 0.38 μg/mg) or a combination of 2,4-D at 9.00 μM with 4.5 μM of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), were the optimum concentrations for the production of high lycorine (2.45 ± 0.15 μg/mg) content in callus culture. The present analytical method could be of value for routine quantification of lycorine in the tissue culture production and standardization of the raw material or extracts of H. littoralis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeevandran Sundarasekar
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
- AIMST University, Jalan Bedong, Semeling, 08100 Bedong, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia
| | - Geethaa Sahgal
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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Nair JJ, Van Staden J. Traditional usage, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the South African medicinal plant Boophone disticha (L.f.) Herb. (Amaryllidaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 151:12-26. [PMID: 24211396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Boophone disticha is the most common member of the South African Amaryllidaceae used extensively in traditional medicine of the various indigenous population groups, including the Sotho, Xhosa and Zulu as well as the San. This survey was carried out to identify and highlight areas relevant to the traditional usage of Boophone disticha. Pharmacological aspects were examined with the purpose of reconciling these with the traditional usage of the plant. In relation to phytochemical make-up, particular attention was paid on how its alkaloid constitution might corroborate the various biological effects manifested by the plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information gathering involved the use of four different database platforms, including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, SciFinder(®) and Scopus. Arrangement and detailing of this information is as reflected in the various sections of the paper. RESULTS Sixteen categories were identified under which Boophone disticha finds use in traditional medicine. These were shown to include general usage purposes, such as 'cultural and dietary', 'well-being', 'personal injury', 'divinatory purposes', 'psychoactive properties' and 'veterinary uses'. Furthermore, traditional usage was seen to involve six body systems, including functions pertaining to the circulatory, gastrointestinal, muscular, neurological, respiratory and urinary systems. The four remaining categories relate to use for inflammatory conditions, cancer, malaria and tuberculosis. Overall, three areas were discernible in which Boophone disticha finds most usage, which are (i) ailments pertaining to the CNS, (ii) wounds and infections, and (iii) inflammatory conditions. In addition, several aspects pertaining to the toxic properties of the plant are discussed, including genotoxicity, mutagenicity and neurotoxicity. CONCLUSION The widespread ethnic usage of Boophone disticha has justified its standing as a flagship for the Amaryllidaceae and its relevance to South African traditional medicine. Furthermore, its promising pharmacological and phytochemical profiles have stimulated significant interest in the clinical realm, especially in the areas of cancer and motor neuron disease chemotherapy. These collective properties should prove useful in steering the progress of the plant towards a wider audience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerald J Nair
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - Johannes Van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa.
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Nair JJ, Bastida J, Codina C, Viladomat F, van Staden J. Alkaloids of the South African Amaryllidaceae: A Review. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant family Amaryllidaceae is known for its horticultural and ornamental appeal as well as its medicinal value. In relation to these characteristics, trade in Amaryllid flower varieties (especially daffodils) is a multi-million dollar revenue generator for the floriculture industry. Of greater significance are the medicinal attributes of the family, which has already spawned the Alzheimer's prescription drug galanthamine, a potent and selective inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, of significance in the progression of neurodegeneration associated with motor neuron diseases, with annual global sales of around $150 million. Furthermore, it is anticipated that an anticancer drug target related to the Amaryllidaceae alkaloid pancratistatin, presently under advanced clinical evaluation, will enter commercial circulation within the next decade. Members of the Amaryllidaceae are distributed through both tropical and subtropical regions of the globe, but are of prominence within three distinct geographical locations, including Andean South America, the Mediterranean basin, and southern Africa. The southern African zone is known to harbor at least a third of the worldwide complement of around 1000 species, many of which are widely utilized in the traditional medicinal practices of the indigenous people of the region. Given its therapeutic and economic value, its natural abundance in the southern African region, coupled to its widespread usage in ethnic medicine, the family Amaryllidaceae provides a diverse and accessible platform for phytochemical based drug discovery. A consolidation of its traditional usage as well as its chemical and pharmacological profiles will thus guide efforts aimed at maximizing this potential. In undertaking this survey of the Amaryllidaceae of southern African, we aimed to achieve these goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerald J. Nair
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Departament de Productes Naturals, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Codina
- Departament de Productes Naturals, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Viladomat
- Departament de Productes Naturals, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Johannes van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
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Nair JJ, van Staden J. Pharmacological and toxicological insights to the South African Amaryllidaceae. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 62:262-75. [PMID: 23994658 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The plant family Amaryllidaceae is of provenance in the South African region which is known to harbor about a third of the global complement of around 1000 species. It has widespread usage in the traditional medicinal practices of the indigenous peoples of the region. As a consequence and given its unique alkaloid principles, its members have provided a viable platform for phytochemical based drug discovery. The medicinal potential of the family has been realized through the commercialization of galanthamine as an Alzheimer's drug due to its potent and selective inhibitory activity against the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. Further promising chemotherapeutic candidates of the family reside with the phenanthridone class of alkaloids such as pancratistatin which exhibit potent and cell line specific antiproliferative properties with significant potential for clinical development. Despite these interesting medicinal attributes, plants of the Amaryllidaceae are known to be poisonous and several of them have been classified as such. This survey taking into consideration Amaryllidaceae plants native to South Africa aims to strike a balance between the medicinal potential of the family on one hand and its adverse and toxic effects on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerald J Nair
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
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Kuete V, Seo EJ, Krusche B, Oswald M, Wiench B, Schröder S, Greten HJ, Lee IS, Efferth T. Cytotoxicity and pharmacogenomics of medicinal plants from traditional korean medicine. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2013; 2013:341724. [PMID: 23935662 PMCID: PMC3725712 DOI: 10.1155/2013/341724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim. The present study was designed to investigate the cytotoxicity of a panel of 280 Korean medicinal plants belonging to 73 families and 198 species against human CCRF-CEM leukemia cells. Selected phytochemicals were investigated in more detail for their mode of action. Methods. The resazurin assay was used to determine cytotoxicity of the plant extracts. Microarray-based mRNA expression profiling, COMPARE, and hierarchical cluster analyses were applied to identify which genes correlate with sensitivity or resistance to selected phytochemicals of the Korean plants. Results. The results of the resazurin assay showed that cytotoxicity extracts tested at 10 μ g/mL from 13 samples inhibited proliferation more than 50% (IC50 < 10 μ g/mL) and the most active plants are Sedum middendorffianum (15.33%) and Lycoris radiata (17.61%). Out of 13 selected phytochemicals from these plants, hopeaphenol and deoxynarciclasine were the most cytotoxic ones. Genes from various functional groups (transcriptional or translational regulation, signal transduction, cellular proliferation, intracellular trafficking, RNA metabolism, endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum function, etc.) were significantly correlated with response of tumor cell lines to these two compounds. Conclusion. The results provide evidence on the possible use of selected Korean medicinal plants and chemical constituents derived from them for the treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Kuete
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Cameroon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ean-Jeong Seo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Benjamin Krusche
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mira Oswald
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Benjamin Wiench
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Sven Schröder
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, University Hospital Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henry Johannes Greten
- Biomedical Sciences Institute Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
- Heidelberg School of Chinese Medicine, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ik-Soo Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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Nair JJ, Bastida J, Viladomat F, van Staden J. Cytotoxic Agents of the Crinane Series of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids. Nat Prod Commun 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1300800501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the alkaloid galanthamine, the plant family Amaryllidaceae has endowed the pharmaceutical community with a potent and selective inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinestersae (AChE), of prominence in the chemotherapeutic approach towards motor neuron diseases. Following on the commercial success of this prescription drug in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, it is anticipated that other drug candidates will in future emerge from the family. In this regard, the phenanthridones, exemplified by narciclasine and pancratistatin, of the lycorine series of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have shown much promise as remarkably potent and selective anticancer agents, with a drug target of the series destined for the clinical market within the next decade. Given these interesting biological properties and their natural abundance, plants of the Amaryllidaceae have provided a diverse and accessible platform for phytochemical-based drug discovery. The crinane series of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are also enriched with a significant array of biological properties. As a consequence of their close structural similarity to the anticancer agents of the lycorine series, the cytotoxic potential of crinane alkaloids has been realized through structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies involving targets of both semi-synthetic and natural origin, which has identified several members as leads with promising antiproliferative profiles. As the first of its kind, this review seeks to collate such information from the past few decades in advancing the crinane group as a viable platform for anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerald J. Nair
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Departament de Productes Naturals, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Viladomat
- Departament de Productes Naturals, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Johannes van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
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Nieto-García O, Alonso R. Synthesis and cytotoxicity of (+/−)-7,9-dideoxy-pancratistatin analogues. Org Biomol Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob27127c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Nair JJ, Bastida J, Viladomat F, van Staden J. Cytotoxic Agents of the Crinane Series of Amaryllidaceae Alkaloids. Nat Prod Commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1200701234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the alkaloid galanthamine, the plant family Amaryllidaceae has endowed the pharmaceutical community with a potent and selective inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinestersae (AChE), of prominence in the chemotherapeutic approach towards motor neuron diseases. Following on the commercial success of this prescription drug in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, it is anticipated that other drug candidates will in future emerge from the family. In this regard, the phenanthridones, exemplified by narciclasine and pancratistatin, of the lycorine series of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids have shown much promise as remarkably potent and selective anticancer agents, with a drug target of the series destined for the clinical market within the next decade. Given these interesting biological properties and their natural abundance, plants of the Amaryllidaceae have provided a diverse and accessible platform for phytochemical-based drug discovery. The crinane series of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are also enriched with a significant array of biological properties. As a consequence of their close structural similarity to the anticancer agents of the lycorine series, the cytotoxic potential of crinane alkaloids has been realized through structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies involving targets of both semi-synthetic and natural origin, which has identified several members as leads with promising antiproliferative profiles. As the first of its kind, this review seeks to collate such information from the past few decades in advancing the crinane group as a viable platform for anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerald J. Nair
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
| | - Jaume Bastida
- Departament de Productes Naturals, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Viladomat
- Departament de Productes Naturals, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Johannes van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
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Nair JJ, Rárová L, Strnad M, Bastida J, van Staden J. Apoptosis-inducing effects of distichamine and narciprimine, rare alkaloids of the plant family Amaryllidaceae. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:6195-9. [PMID: 22921081 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Several of the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are known for their cytotoxic properties, of which the lycorine group representatives are prominent for potent and cell line specific antiproliferative activities. As a distinct niche within the lycorine group, the phenanthridones, exemplified by narciclasine and pancratistatin, have shown much promise as remarkably selective cytotoxic agents and are presently at various stages of development, with a clinical candidate likely to appear on the market within the next decade. The crinane group of the Amaryllidaceae has also spawned several molecules, such as crinamine and haemanthamine, with promising cytotoxic activities. In the present study, the β-crinane distichamine as well as the phenanthridone narciprimine, both rare constituents of the Amaryllidaceae, are revealed as novel antiproliferative agents. Apoptosis-inducing effects are demonstrated for distichamine in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia (CEM) cells. These findings provide further insights to the structural details of the apoptosis-inducing pharmacophores resident within both series of alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerald J Nair
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa
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Hwang S, Kim D, Kim S. Stereocontrolled Total Synthesis of (+)-trans-Dihydronarciclasine. Chemistry 2012; 18:9977-82. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Pettit GR, Tan R, Bao GH, Melody N, Doubek DL, Gao S, Chapuis JC, Williams L. Antineoplastic agents. 587. Isolation and structure of 3-epipancratistatin from Narcissus cv. Ice Follies. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2012; 75:771-773. [PMID: 22413911 PMCID: PMC3372531 DOI: 10.1021/np200862y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bioassay-guided (cancer cell line) separation of an extract prepared from Narcissus cv. Ice Follies (from The Netherlands) led to the isolation of a new Amaryllidaceae isocarbostiryl, 3-epipancratistatin (1b), as well as narciclasine (2). This Narcissus cultivar was found to be a good source of narciclasine. The structure of 1b was established by high-resolution mass and high-field 2D NMR spectroscopic analyses. Against a panel of murine and human cancer cell lines, 3-epipancratistatin (1b) led to cell growth inhibition (GI(50) 2.2-0.69 μg/mL) some 100× less than that found for pancratistatin (1a) and narciclasine (2), thereby revealing an important configurational requirement in 1a for strong cancer cell growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- George R Pettit
- Cancer Research Institute and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, PO Box 871604, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1604, USA.
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Van Goietsenoven G, Mathieu V, Lefranc F, Kornienko A, Evidente A, Kiss R. Narciclasine as well as other Amaryllidaceae isocarbostyrils are promising GTP-ase targeting agents against brain cancers. Med Res Rev 2012; 33:439-55. [PMID: 22419031 DOI: 10.1002/med.21253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The anticancer activity of Amaryllidaceae isocarbostyrils is well documented. At pharmacological concentrations, that is, approximately 1 μM in vitro and approximately 10 mg/kg in vivo, narciclasine displays marked proapoptotic and cytotoxic activity, as does pancratistatin, and significant in vivo anticancer effects in various experimental models, but it is also associated with severe toxic side effects. At physiological doses, that is, approximately 50 nM in vitro and approximately 1 mg/kg in vivo, narciclasine is not cytotoxic but cytostatic and displays marked anticancer activity in vivo in experimental models of brain cancer (including gliomas and brain metastases), but it is not associated with toxic side effects. The cytostatic activity of narciclasine involves the impairment of actin cytoskeleton organization by targeting GTPases, including RhoA and the elongation factor eEF1A. We have demonstrated that chronic treatments of narciclasine (1 mg/kg) significantly increased the survival of immunodeficient mice orthotopically xenografted with highly invasive human glioblastomas and apoptosis-resistant brain metastases, including melanoma- and non-small-cell-lung cancer- (NSCLC) related brain metastases. Thus, narciclasine is a potentially promising agent for the treatment of primary brain cancers and various brain metastases. To date, efforts to develop synthetic analogs with anticancer properties superior to those of narciclasine have failed; thus, research efforts are now focused on narciclasine prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendoline Van Goietsenoven
- Laboratoire de Toxicologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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McNulty J, Nair JJ, Vurgun N, Difrancesco BR, Brown CE, Tsoi B, Crankshaw DJ, Holloway AC. Discovery of a novel class of aldol-derived 1,2,3-triazoles: potent and selective inhibitors of human cytochrome P450 19A1 (aromatase). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:718-22. [PMID: 22079757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of a novel five-component 1,2,3-triazole-containing pharmacophore that exhibits potent and selective inhibition of aromatase (CYP 450 19A1) is described. All compounds are derived from an initial aldol reaction of a phenylacetate derivative with an aromatic aldehyde. Structure-activity data generated from both syn- and anti-aldol adducts provides initial insights into the requirements for both potency and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James McNulty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ont., Canada L8S 4M1.
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Ahmad S, Swift MD, Farrugia LJ, Senn HM, Sutherland A. Stereoselective synthesis of functionalised carbocyclic amides: construction of the syn-(4aS,10bS)-phenanthridone skeleton. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:3937-45. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25334h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Waser M. Iminium Catalysis. ASYMMETRIC ORGANOCATALYSIS IN NATURAL PRODUCT SYNTHESES 2012:45-68. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-1163-5_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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