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Berlinck RGS, Crnkovic CM, Gubiani JR, Bernardi DI, Ióca LP, Quintana-Bulla JI. The isolation of water-soluble natural products - challenges, strategies and perspectives. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 39:596-669. [PMID: 34647117 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00037c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Covering period: up to 2019Water-soluble natural products constitute a relevant group of secondary metabolites notably known for presenting potent biological activities. Examples are aminoglycosides, β-lactam antibiotics, saponins of both terrestrial and marine origin, and marine toxins. Although extensively investigated in the past, particularly during the golden age of antibiotics, hydrophilic fractions have been less scrutinized during the last few decades. This review addresses the possible reasons on why water-soluble metabolites are now under investigated and describes approaches and strategies for the isolation of these natural compounds. It presents examples of several classes of hydrosoluble natural products and how they have been isolated. Novel stationary phases and chromatography techniques are also reviewed, providing a perspective towards a renaissance in the investigation of water-soluble natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto G S Berlinck
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Camila M Crnkovic
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, CEP 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana R Gubiani
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Darlon I Bernardi
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Laura P Ióca
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Jairo I Quintana-Bulla
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 780, CEP 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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2
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Otogo N'Nang E, Le Pogam P, Ndong Mba T, Sima Obiang C, Mouray E, Grellier P, Kumulungui B, Champy P, Beniddir MA. Targeted Isolation of Hemitheion from Mostuea brunonis, a Proposed Biosynthetic Intermediate of Theionbrunonines. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:1409-1413. [PMID: 33825474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hemitheion (1), a new sulfur-containing vobasane-type indole alkaloid, was isolated, together with three known compounds, vobasine (2), gelsedine (3), and gelsemicine (4), from the alkaloid extract of the stems of Mostuea brunonis Didr. (Gelsemiaceae). Compound 1 could be straightforwardly isolated. Its structure was elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic methods. Besides corresponding to a formerly postulated biosynthetic intermediate toward theionbrunonines, hemitheion (1) stands among the few monomeric vobasanes lacking an oxygen at C-3. Hemitheion (1) showed moderate antiplasmodial activity in the micromolar range against the strain FcB1 of Plasmodium falciparum and no cytotoxic activity against the MRC-5 cell line at 20 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Otogo N'Nang
- Équipe "Chimie des Substances Naturelles" BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 Rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Département Science Fondamentale de l'Ingénieur (INSAB), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, BP 901 Franceville, Gabon
| | - Pierre Le Pogam
- Équipe "Chimie des Substances Naturelles" BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 Rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Thiery Ndong Mba
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Biochimie, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, BP 901 Franceville, Gabon
| | - Cédric Sima Obiang
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Biochimie, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, BP 901 Franceville, Gabon
| | - Elisabeth Mouray
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes (MCAM, UMR 7245), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, CP52, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Grellier
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes (MCAM, UMR 7245), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, CP52, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Brice Kumulungui
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Département Science Fondamentale de l'Ingénieur (INSAB), Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, BP 901 Franceville, Gabon
| | - Pierre Champy
- Équipe "Chimie des Substances Naturelles" BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 Rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Mehdi A Beniddir
- Équipe "Chimie des Substances Naturelles" BioCIS, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 Rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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3
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Padhi S, Behera A. Nanotechnology Based Targeting Strategies for the Delivery of Camptothecin. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-41842-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Pu X, Zhang CR, Zhu L, Li QL, Huang QM, Zhang L, Luo YG. Possible clues for camptothecin biosynthesis from the metabolites in camptothecin-producing plants. Fitoterapia 2019; 134:113-128. [PMID: 30794920 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The plant derived camptothecin (CPT) is a pentacyclic pyrroloquinoline alkaloid with unique antitumor activity. Successive discoveries of new CPT-producing plants occurred in recent years due to market demands. The scattered distribution among angiosperms drew researchers' attention. The aim of this review is to appraise the literature available to date for CPT distribution and the phytochemistry of these CPT-producing plants. Metabolite comparative analyses between the plants were also conducted for tracking of possible clues for CPT biosynthesis. Forty-three plant species in total were reported to possess CPT-producing capability, and one hundred twenty-five alkaloids classified into three major categories are summarized herein. Metabolite comparative analysis between these plants suggests the probability that the formation of the central intermediate for CPT biosynthesis has multiple origins. A more complete biogenetic reasoning for CPT and its structural homolog was delineated based on this fragmentary phytochemical evidence from a chemical point of view. Furthermore, an in-house compound database was constructed for further metabolomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Pu
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Cheng-Rui Zhang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Qi-Long Li
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Qian-Ming Huang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Ying-Gang Luo
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
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5
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Otogo N’Nang E, Bernadat G, Mouray E, Kumulungui B, Grellier P, Poupon E, Champy P, Beniddir MA. Theionbrunonines A and B: Dimeric Vobasine Alkaloids Tethered by a Thioether Bridge from Mostuea brunonis. Org Lett 2018; 20:6596-6600. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elvis Otogo N’Nang
- Équipe “Pharmacognosie-Chimie des Substances Naturelles” BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, BP769 Franceville, Gabon
| | - Guillaume Bernadat
- Équipe “Pharmacognosie-Chimie des Substances Naturelles” BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Elisabeth Mouray
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes (MCAM, UMR 7245), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, CP52, 57, rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Brice Kumulungui
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, BP769 Franceville, Gabon
| | - Philippe Grellier
- Unité Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Microorganismes (MCAM, UMR 7245), Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, CP52, 57, rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Erwan Poupon
- Équipe “Pharmacognosie-Chimie des Substances Naturelles” BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Pierre Champy
- Équipe “Pharmacognosie-Chimie des Substances Naturelles” BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Mehdi A. Beniddir
- Équipe “Pharmacognosie-Chimie des Substances Naturelles” BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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6
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Feng DQ, He J, Chen SY, Su P, Ke CH, Wang W. The Plant Alkaloid Camptothecin as a Novel Antifouling Compound for Marine Paints: Laboratory Bioassays and Field Trials. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 20:623-638. [PMID: 29860659 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-9834-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of copper and booster biocides in antifouling (AF) paints has raised environmental concerns and the need to develop new AF agents. In the present study, 18 alkaloids derived from terrestrial plants were initially evaluated for AF activity using laboratory bioassays with the bryozoan Bugula neritina and the barnacle Balanus albicostatus. The results showed that 4 of the 18 alkaloids were effective in inhibiting larval settlement of B. neritina, with an EC50 range of 6.18 to 43.11 μM, and 15 of the 18 alkaloids inhibited larval settlement of B. albicostatus, with EC50 values ranging from 1.18 to 67.58 μM. Field trials that incorporated five alkaloids respectively into paints with 20% w/w indicated an in situ AF efficiency of evodiamine, strychnine, camptothecin (CPT), and cepharanthine, with the most potent compound being CPT, which also exhibited stronger AF efficiency than the commercial antifoulants cuprous oxide and zinc pyrithione in the field over a period of 12 months. Further field trials with different CPT concentrations (0.1 to 20% w/w) in the paints suggested a concentration-dependent AF performance in the natural environment, and the effective concentrations to significantly inhibit settlement of biofoulers in the field were ≥ 0.5% w/w (the efficiency of 0.5% w/w lasted for 2 months). Moreover, CPT toxicity against the crustacean Artemia salina, the planktonic microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Isochrysis galbana, was examined. The results showed that 24 h LC50 of CPT against A. salina was 20.75 μM, and 96 h EC50 (growth inhibition) values of CPT to P. tricornutum and I. galbana were 55.81 and 6.29 μM, respectively, indicating that CPT was comparatively less toxic than several commercial antifoulants previously reported. Our results suggest the novel potential application of CPT as an antifoulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Qing Feng
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China.
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian He
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Si Yu Chen
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Su
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Cai Huan Ke
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, People's Republic of China
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7
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Patil DM, Akamanchi KG. Ultrasound-assisted rapid extraction and kinetic modelling of influential factors: Extraction of camptothecin from Nothapodytes nimmoniana plant. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 37:582-591. [PMID: 28427671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of commercially important natural product camptothecin (CPT) from Nothapodytes nimmoniana plant has been investigated. The influences of process factors such as electric acoustic intensity, solid to liquid ratio, duty cycle, temperature and particle size on the maximum extraction yield and kinetic mechanisms of the entire extraction process have been investigated. The kinetics results showed that increasing the intensity, duty cycle, solid to liquid ratio and decreasing the particle size lead to substantial increase in extraction yields compared to classical stirring extraction. Different kinetic models were applied to fit the experimental data. The second order rate model appears to be the best. The extraction rate constant, initial extraction rate and the equilibrium concentration for all experimental conditions have been calculated. SEM analysis of spent plant material clearly showed hollow openings on cell structure, which could be directly correlated to explosive disruption by the action of ultrasound waves. Overall 1.7-fold increase in extraction yields of CPT (0.32% w/w) and decrease in time from 6h to 18min was observed over the stirring method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj M Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Krishnacharya G Akamanchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai 400019, India.
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8
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Abstract
Trees have made an enormous phytochemical contribution in anticancer drugs' development more than any other life form. The contributions include alkaloids that are biosynthesized in various ways and yield. Lead alkaloids isolated from the trees are taxol and camptothecins that currently have annual sales in billion dollars. Other important alkaloids isolated from these life forms include rohitukine, harringtonine, acronycine, thalicarpine, usambarensine, ellipticine, and matrines. Studies on their mechanism of action and target on the DNA and protein of cancerous cells aided the development of potent hemisynthesized congeners. The molecules and their congeners passed/are passing a long period of historical development before approved as antineoplastic drugs for cancer chemotherapy. Some of them did not find the application as anticancer drugs due to ineffectiveness in clinical trials; others are generating research interest in the antineoplastic activity at the present and have reached clinical trial stages. Potentials in antineoplastic molecules from trees are high and are hoped to be commensurate with cancer types afflicting human society in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasiu Isah
- Department of Botany, Cellular Differentiation and Molecular Genetics Section, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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9
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Abstract
Abstract
Two new 24-nor-ursane-type triterpenoids, 2α,3β,19α-trihydroxy-24-norurs-4(23),12-dien-28-oic acid (1) and 3β-acetoxy-2α,19α-dihydroxy-24-norurs-4(23),12-dien-28-oic acid (2), along with 15 known compounds were isolated from the methanol extract of the twigs of Mostuea hirsuta. While 2-hydroxymethylbenzamide (13) was isolated for the first time from the natural source, compounds 3–12 are reported here for the first time from the genus Mostuea. Their structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic analyses including 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometric data as well as comparison with data from the literature. Compounds 1, 2, 4–9 and 13 were tested against bacteria, fungi and plant pathogen oomycetes by the paper disk agar diffusion assay resulting in missing to low activities corresponding with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) > 1 mg mL–1. However, the respective compounds 1, 2, 8, 9 and 13 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against the human Caucasian prostate adenocarcinoma cell line PC-3, with IC50 10.6–16.5 μm compared to the standard doxorubicin with IC50 0.9 μm.
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11
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Li Z, Li Z, Lin Y, Meng Z, Ding G, Cao L, Li N, Liu W, Xiao W, Wu X, Xu J. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Strictosamide Derivatives with Improved Antiviral and Antiproliferative Activities. Chem Biol Drug Des 2015; 86:523-30. [PMID: 25589048 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel derivatives of strictosamide were synthesized and biologically evaluated. Most of the new compounds exhibited improved activities than the parent compound strictosamide. Among them, compounds Ib and If possessed antiviral activities against influenza A virus (A/Jinan/15/90) with IC50 values of 4.12 and 12.35 μg/mL, respectively. Compound Ie possessed antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) with an IC50 value of 9.58 μg/mL. Both compounds IIc and IId had moderate antiproliferative effects against five human cancer cell lines. The preliminary structure-activity relationships were also concluded. This study provides a promising new template with potential antiviral activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhaoliang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Jiangsu Zeukov Pharmaceutical S&T. Inc, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210017, China.,State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Yunwei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhaoqing Meng
- Jiangsu Zeukov Pharmaceutical S&T. Inc, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210017, China.,State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Gang Ding
- Jiangsu Zeukov Pharmaceutical S&T. Inc, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210017, China.,State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Liang Cao
- Jiangsu Zeukov Pharmaceutical S&T. Inc, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210017, China.,State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Na Li
- Jiangsu Zeukov Pharmaceutical S&T. Inc, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210017, China.,State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Jiangsu Zeukov Pharmaceutical S&T. Inc, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210017, China.,State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Jiangsu Zeukov Pharmaceutical S&T. Inc, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210017, China.,State Key Lab of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu, Lianyungang, 222001, China
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jinyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
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12
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Suma HK, Kumar V, Senthilkumar U, Kumara PM, Ravikanth G, Santhoshkumar TR, Shaanker RU. Pyrenacantha volubilis Wight, (Icacinaceae) a rich source of camptothecine and its derivatives, from the Coromandel Coast forests of India. Fitoterapia 2014; 97:105-10. [PMID: 24882065 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2014.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Camptothecine, a potent eukaryotic topoisomerase inhibitor, is an important anticancer compound. The global demand for this compound was estimated to be $1 billion in 2003 and is only further expected to increase. Partly to meet the expected increase in demand, in the recent past, several efforts have been made to discover newer and alternative plant and fungal sources of camptothecine. In this study we report a rich source of camptothecine and its natural derivatives, Pyrenacantha volubilis (Icacinaceae) from the eastern coast of peninsular India. Camptothecine and its derivatives were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) in all plant parts such as twigs, leaves, roots, seedling, ripened whole fruit, fruit coat, seed coat and cotyledons. Cotyledons and ripened whole fruits contained the highest amount of camptothecine (1.35% and 0.60% dry weight respectively). LC-MS and ESI-MS/MS analyses revealed besides camptothecine, other derivatives and precursors such as 10-hydroxycamptothecine, 9-methoxycamptothecine, 20-deoxycamptothecine, deoxypumiloside, strictosidine and strictosamide. Pure camptothecine was isolated from fruits and structurally confirmed using NMR. Seed extracts were found to be effective against breast cancer, ovarian, colon and carcinoma cell lines (with IC50 values of 4.0 μg/mL, 6.5 μg/mL, 25.0 μg/mL and 25.0 μg/mL respectively). We discuss the results in the context of exploring alternative sources of camptothecine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirenallur Kumarappa Suma
- School of Ecology and Conservation, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560 065, India
| | - Vadlapudi Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Davangere University, Shivagangothri, Davangere 577 002, India
| | - Umapathy Senthilkumar
- Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Royal Enclave, Sriramapura, Jakkur, Bangalore 560 064, India
| | - Patel Mohana Kumara
- School of Ecology and Conservation, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560 065, India; Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560 065, India
| | - Gudasalamani Ravikanth
- School of Ecology and Conservation, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560 065, India; Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Royal Enclave, Sriramapura, Jakkur, Bangalore 560 064, India
| | | | - Ramanan Uma Shaanker
- School of Ecology and Conservation, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560 065, India; Department of Biochemistry, Davangere University, Shivagangothri, Davangere 577 002, India; Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560 065, India.
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13
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Jain SK, Meena S, Gupta AP, Kushwaha M, Uma Shaanker R, Jaglan S, Bharate SB, Vishwakarma RA. Dysoxylum binectariferum bark as a new source of anticancer drug camptothecin: bioactivity-guided isolation and LCMS-based quantification. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:3146-9. [PMID: 24878199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT, 1) is a potent anticancer natural product which led to the discovery of two clinically used anticancer drugs topotecan and irinotecan. These two drugs are semisynthetic analogs of CPT, and thus the commercial production of CPT as a raw material from various plant sources and tissue culture methods is highly demanding. In the present study, the Dysoxylum binectariferum bark, was identified as an alternative source of CPT, through bioassay-guided isolation. The barks showed presence of CPT (1) and its 9-methoxy analog 2, whereas CPT alkaloids were not present in seeds and leaves. This is the first report on isolation of CPT alkaloids from Meliaceae family. An efficient chromatography-free protocol for enrichment and isolation of CPT from D. binectariferum has been established, which was able to enrich CPT up to 21% in the crude extract. The LCMS (MRM)-based quantification method revealed the presence of 0.105% of CPT in dry barks of D. binectariferum. The discovery of CPT from D. binectariferum bark will certainly create a global interest in cultivation of this plant as a new crop for commercial production of CPT. Isolation of anticancer drug CPT from this plant, indicates that along with rohitukine, CPT and 9-methoxy CPT also contributes significantly to the cytotoxicity of D. binectariferum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyans K Jain
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Samdarshi Meena
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Ajai P Gupta
- Quality Control and Quality Assurance Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Manoj Kushwaha
- Quality Control and Quality Assurance Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - R Uma Shaanker
- Department of Crop Physiology and School of Ecology and Conservation, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore 560065, India
| | - Sundeep Jaglan
- Quality Control and Quality Assurance Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Sandip B Bharate
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
| | - Ram A Vishwakarma
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India; Medicinal Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India.
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14
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Transformation of strictosamide to vincoside lactam by acid catalysis. Chin J Nat Med 2013; 11:188-92. [PMID: 23787188 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(13)60048-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To identify the structure of the acid-catalyzed product of strictosamide and explore the reaction mechanism. METHODS The acid-catalyzed reaction process of strictosamide was monitored by HPLC, and a macroporous resin was used to purify the reaction solution. The structure of the product was confirmed by MS, NMR, and ROESY spectra. RESULTS The acid-catalyzed transformation yield from strictosamide to vincoside lactam was 52%. CONCLUSION The reaction mechanism of the transformation from strictosamide to vincoside lactam may be related to the stability of the three-dimensional configuration of the compound. These results offer a new way to obtain vincoside lactam from the widely distributed indole alkaloid strictosamide by acid-catalysis.
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15
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Correlations between camptothecin and related metabolites in Camptotheca acuminata reveal similar biosynthetic principles and in planta synergistic effects. Fitoterapia 2011; 82:497-507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Pollier J, Moses T, Goossens A. Combinatorial biosynthesis in plants: A (p)review on its potential and future exploitation. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28:1897-916. [DOI: 10.1039/c1np00049g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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17
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Das B, Chowdhury C, Kumar D, Sen R, Roy R, Das P, Chatterjee M. Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies of andrographolide analogues as anti-cancer agent. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:6947-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.09.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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18
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Deshmukh M, Chao P, Kutscher HL, Gao D, Sinko PJ. A series of alpha-amino acid ester prodrugs of camptothecin: in vitro hydrolysis and A549 human lung carcinoma cell cytotoxicity. J Med Chem 2010; 53:1038-47. [PMID: 20063889 DOI: 10.1021/jm901029n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to identify a camptothecin (CPT) prodrug with optimal release and cytotoxicity properties for immobilization on a passively targeted microparticle delivery system. A series of alpha-amino acid ester prodrugs of CPT were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated. Four CPT prodrugs were synthesized with increasing aliphatic chain length (glycine (Gly) (2a), alanine (Ala) (2b), aminobutyric acid (Abu) (2c), and norvaline (Nva) (2d)). Prodrug reconversion was studied at pH 6.6, 7.0, and 7.4 corresponding to tumor, lung, and extracellular/physiological pH, respectively. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in A549 human lung carcinoma cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The hydrolytic reconversion rate to parent CPT increased with decreasing side chain length as well as increasing pH. The Hill slope of 2d was significantly less than CPT and the other prodrugs tested, indicating a higher cell death rate at lower concentrations. These results suggest that 2d is the best candidate for a passively targeted sustained release lung delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjeet Deshmukh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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19
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Camptothecinoids from the seeds of Taiwanese Nothapodytes foetida. Molecules 2008; 13:1361-71. [PMID: 18596662 PMCID: PMC6245332 DOI: 10.3390/molecules13061361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Revised: 06/03/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new alkaloids, 9-methoxy-18,19-dehydrocamptothecin (1) and 5-hydroxymappicine-20-O-β-glucopyranoside (2a/2b as a racemic mixture), together with nine known compounds: camptothecin (3), 9-methoxy-camptothecin (4), 5-hydroxy-camptothecin (5a/5b racemic mixture), 5-hydroxy-9-methoxycamptothecin (6a/6b racemic mixture), diosmetin (7), apigenin (8), apigenin-7-O-glucopyranoside (9), rosin (cinnamyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside) (10) and amarantholidoside IV (11) were isolated from the immature seeds of Nothapodytes foetida (Wight) Sleumer. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses. In the present research, compounds 1, 3, 4, 5a/5b and 6a/6b, also showed in vitro cytotoxicity against six cancer cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, A549, and Ca9-22). Among them, compound 1 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against these cancer cell lines, with IC50 of 0.24-6.57 μM. Furthermore, HPLC profiles were developed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of these active constituents in different parts of this plant, including mature and immature seeds, leaves, stems and roots. The results revealed that compounds 3 and 4 have the highest concentrations, which are found in the roots part of the plant.
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20
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Surodjo S, Salim AA, Suciati, Syahrani A, Indrayanto G, Garson MJ. Biotransformation of Mefenamic Acid by Cell Suspension Cultures of Solanum Mammosum. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800300231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Five biotransformation products, mefenamic acid-7- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), mefenamic acid-7- O-β-D-(β-1,6- O-D-glucopyranosyl)-glucopyranosyl ester (3), mefenamic acid-7- O-β-D-(β-1,2- O-D-glucopyranosyl)-glucopyranosyl ester (4), mefenamic acid-7- O-β-D-(β-1,6- O-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-glucopyranose ester (5), and mefenamic acid-7- O-α-D-(β-1,6- O-D-glucopyranosyl)-2-glucopyranose ester (6) were isolated from cell suspension cultures of Solanum mammosum following administration of the therapeutic agent mefenamic acid (1). The structures of all new compounds were elucidated on the basis of their NMR and mass spectrometric data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzana Surodjo
- Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Jl. Dharmawangsa Dalam, Surabaya, 60268, Indonesia
| | - Angela A. Salim
- School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Suciati
- Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Jl. Dharmawangsa Dalam, Surabaya, 60268, Indonesia
- School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Achmad Syahrani
- Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Jl. Dharmawangsa Dalam, Surabaya, 60268, Indonesia
| | - Gunawan Indrayanto
- Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Jl. Dharmawangsa Dalam, Surabaya, 60268, Indonesia
| | - Mary J. Garson
- School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
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21
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Dembitsky VM. Astonishing diversity of natural surfactants: 6. Biologically active marine and terrestrial alkaloid glycosides. Lipids 2006; 40:1081-105. [PMID: 16459921 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-005-1473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This review article presents 209 alkaloid glycosides isolated and identified from plants, microorganisms, and marine invertebrates that demonstrate different biological activities. They are of great interest, especially for the medicinal and/or pharmaceutical industries. These biologically active glycosides have good potential for future chemical preparation of compounds useful as antioxidants, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antibacterial agents. These glycosidic compounds have been subdivided into several groups, including: acridone; aporphine; benzoxazinoid; ergot; indole; enediyne alkaloidal antibiotics; glycosidic lupine alkaloids; piperidine, pyridine, pyrrolidine, and pyrrolizidine alkaloid glycosides; glycosidic quinoline and isoquinoline alkaloids; steroidal glycoalkaloids; and miscellaneous alkaloid glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery M Dembitsky
- Department of Organic Chemistry and School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Kitajima M, Fujii N, Yoshino F, Sudo H, Saito K, Aimi N, Takayama H. Camptothecins and two new monoterpene glucosides from Ophiorrhiza liukiuensis. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2006; 53:1355-8. [PMID: 16205003 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.53.1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two new monoterpene glucosides, demethylsecologanol and 3'''-O-glucosylsenburiside II, were isolated from Ophiorrhiza liukiuensis (Rubiaceae) together with 23 known compounds, including camptothecins and beta-carboline-type alkaloids. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Kitajima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
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Thomas CJ, Rahier NJ, Hecht SM. Camptothecin: current perspectives. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12:1585-604. [PMID: 15028252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2003.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 305] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2003] [Accepted: 11/28/2003] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a detailed discussion of recent advances in the medicinal chemistry of camptothecin, a potent antitumor antibiotic. Two camptothecin analogues are presently approved for use in the clinic as antitumor agents and several others are in clinical trials. Camptothecin possesses a novel mechanism of action involving the inhibition of DNA relaxation by DNA topoisomerase I, and more specifically the stabilization of a covalent binary complex formed between topoisomerase I and DNA. This review summarizes the current status of studies of the mechanism of action of camptothecin, including topoisomerase I inhibition and additional cellular responses. Modern synthetic approaches to camptothecin and several of the semi-synthetic methods are also discussed. Finally, a systematic evaluation of novel and important analogues of camptothecin and their contribution to the current structure-activity profile are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig J Thomas
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22901, USA
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Lorence A, Nessler CL. Camptothecin, over four decades of surprising findings. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2004; 65:2735-49. [PMID: 15474560 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2004] [Revised: 09/03/2004] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) is a modified monoterpene indole alkaloid produced by Camptotheca acuminata (Nyssaceae), Nothapodytes foetida, Pyrenacantha klaineana, Merrilliodendron megacarpum (Icacinaceae), Ophiorrhiza pumila (Rubiaceae), Ervatamia heyneana (Apocynaceae) and Mostuea brunonis (Gelsemiaceae), species belonging to unrelated orders of angiosperms. From the distribution of CPT and other secondary metabolites, it has been postulated that the genes encoding enzymes involved in their biosynthesis evolved early during evolution. These genes were presumably not lost during evolution but might have been "switched off" during a certain period of time and "switched on" again at some later point. The CPT derivatives, irinotecan and topotecan, are used throughout the world for the treatment of various cancers, and over a dozen more CPT analogues are currently at various stages of clinical development. The worldwide market size of irinotecan/topotecan in 2002 was estimated at about $750 million and at $1 billion by 2003. In spite of the rapid growth of the market, CPT is still harvested by extraction from bark and seeds of C. acuminata and N. foetida. All parts of C. acuminata contain some CPT, although the highest level is found in young leaves (approximately 4-5 mg g(-1) dry weight), approximately 50% higher than in seeds and 250% higher than in bark. The development of hairy root cultures of O. pumila and C. acuminata, and the cloning and characterization of genes encoding key enzymes of the pathway leading to CPT formation in plants has opened new possibilities to propose alternative and more sustainable production systems for this important alkaloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argelia Lorence
- Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology and Weed Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 417 Price Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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